Francisco Heredia, MCH2022, Argentina

MASTER IN
COLLECTIVE
HOUSING 2022
Francisco Heredia

CONCEIVING AN IDEA:
A discussion on design approaches

p. 01
Throughout history, design has been founded on the
direct contributions of professionals with very diverse
disciplinary ideological perspectives. Its foundations,
full of intentions and propositive thoughts, are still alive,
and continue to be recalled because they display the
potential of diversity. This quality, in a time where the
possibilities of understanding the plurality of science are
opening up, makes it possible to have a broad vision of the
interdisciplinary complexity of this knowledge, as well as
the inclusion of theoretical frameworks in the discipline.
This book is not intended to be an exhaustive manual of
the infinite variety of possible contexts that an architect
faces in the early stages of a project, but rather a
practical reference tool to address the different ways of
approaching the origin of an idea. Design as a task usually
consists of the ideation and description of a structure that
satisfies preconditions, needs and requirements. These
preconditions are the ones that attempt to condition the
development of the projects presented in this exhibition.
Just as the German national pavilion for the 1929
Barcelona International Exposition allowed the father of
modern architecture to shape a project from a politically
tinted ideological presupposition, this book aims to show
how the founding ideologies of design have been crucial in
cementing the ways of making architecture from different
approaches. The ideological differences that can be found
during the conception of design and along the course of
its development should become the great opportunity to
build new design identities in the contemporary world.

p. 02 p. 03
Inhabiting the threshold
Frøsilo - Traslado a Santa Marta
Float, emerge, submerge
Future traditions
Don’t touch, recharge
La Ville Spatiale
Behind the wall
Ordinariness and Life
Preserving the soul
04
36
54
70
102
114
128
138
156
2022
2022
2022
2022
2022
2022
2022
2022
2022
Introduction
Large
Scale
Urban
Approach
Climatological
Approach
Constructive
Approach
Economic
Approach
Philosophical
Approach
Historical/Cultural
Approach
Social
Approach
Futuristic
Approach
Medium
Scale
Urban
Approach
Table of contents

p. 05
p. 04 Inhabiting the threshold | Barcelona, ESP p. 05
INHABITING THE THRESHOLD
Looking deeper into the history of Barceloneta Beach, we find
the existence of informal dwellings built based on the intuition
of their owners, motivating the proposal of a model that
incorporates the concept of putting on or taking off a piece of
clothing as an ‘onion’ according to the weather, together with the
historical reminiscence of these old dwellings. The process of
metabolism of the materials used for the work and the possibility
of extrapolating the typology to a larger scale is incorporated as
a fundamental part of the project.
Workshop leader: Javier García-Germán
Team: Heredia, Sánchez, Allende, Petrou
Location: Barcelona, España
Date: 2022
Abstract

p. 06 p. 07
Inhabiting the threshold | Barcelona, ESP
Working in a large, multicultural city like Barcelona
raises a question: Who is the Barcelonian? What kind of
person is he? The climate, in this case Mediterranean, is
the same for everyone, but not everyone feels exactly
the same comfort zone. From this questioning, the
research emerges on the beach as a public meeting
space for different types of people, the only place in the
city where the clothing does not reflect the economic
status of the people.
Looking deeper into the history of Barceloneta Beach,
we find the existence of informal and self-built
dwellings that were demolished in the 1950s, mainly
in the Somorrostro area. These houses belonged to
humble people, such as fishermen or farmers, and
the quality and lightness of their materials generated
many problems not only structural but also bioclimatic.
Nevertheless, they are basic housing typologies based
on the intuition of their owners. In them, it is worthy
of mentioning the relationship or rather the absence
of limits with the public space, since in these areas
the street is just another room, as well as the private
outdoor spaces, a place for animals and merchandise.
Mediterranean Climate
Psychrometric chart (January)
Barcelona and its surroundings
Psychrometric chart (July)

p. 08 p. 09
Ground Floor Plan
Cross Section
Lateral Elevation
Longitudinal Section
Front Elevation

p. 10 p. 11
Timber structure
and other elements
Problems with overheating of the roof.
Attempt to massify the cover.
Attempt to use curtains and
furniture to obtain warmth.
Appropiation of public space
as a search for thresholds.
Canopys are stripped to
achieve the maximum light
Reusing
fabrics
Soil
flooring
Metal roof
(normally aluminium)
Absence of a floor
generates heat losses.
Absence of a thermal mass.
Trying to get as much
shade as possible.
Spaces are collected
and compressed.
Flexible
partitions
Rammed earth
walls
Furniture in
disuse
Construction
dumps
SUMMER
WINTER

p. 12 p. 13
SUMMER (1955)
SUMMER (2022)
barracas
chiringuito
barracas
barraca
seafront promenade 01 seafront promenade 02
barraca barraca beach
beach
Mediterranean Sea
Summer
21/07/1955
Azimut : 229 °
Elevation : 61 °
Sunrise : 04.35
Sunset : 19.20
Summer
21/07/2022
Azimut : 229 °
Elevation : 61 °
Sunrise : 04.35
Sunset : 19.20
Mediterranean Sea
Cross
ventilation try
Evergreen
vegetation
Use of the
public space
Seasonal
spaces
Open
indoors
spaces
Temporary
shading
structures
Temporary
shading
structures

p. 14 p. 15
WINTER (1955)
WINTER (2022)
barracas
chiringuito
barracas
barraca
seafront promenade 01 seafront promenade 02
barraca barraca beach
beach
Mediterranean Sea
Winter
21/12/1955
Azimut : 204 °
Elevation : 21 °
Sunrise : 07.15
Sunset : 16.25
Winter
21/12/2022
Azimut : 204 °
Elevation : 21 °
Sunrise : 07.15
Sunset : 16.25
Mediterranean Sea
Enclosing external spaces
Evergreen
vegetation
Seasonal
spaces
Problems of
maintaining
thermal inertia
Use of the sun

p. 16 p. 17
Following the previously stated premise, it is
understood that the beach in Barcelona could be the
only space where clothing does not reflect people’s
economic status. Consequently, our approach focuses
on observing clothing as the main form of climate
control by the individual. As simple as if you are hot
you take off one piece of clothing or if you are cold you
put on another.
Therefore, the object of the research arises: the
proposal of a model that incorporates the concept of
putting on or taking off clothing as an ‘onion’ according
to the weather, in conjunction with the historical
reminiscence of the ancient dwellings.
The process of metabolism ofthe materials used forthe
work is incorporated as a fundamental part, the three
main ones chosen were compressed earth, recycled
concrete and wood from native forests. The process of
these elements was carefully studied to favor regional
economies and minimize the environmental impact of
the project.
Full Exposure
Sun Protection
Light Holes
North Protection
Regulatory Thresholds
Winter Room
Cooling Patios
Massive Roof
Prototype

p. 18 p. 19

p. 20 p. 21
Wicker cover in the canopy to control the
sunlights, both vertically and horizontally,
providing shade in summer and allowing
maximum light in winter.
Rammed Earth Screen Walls promote
air flow and allow self-breathing
during the summer. They also allow
cross ventilation through the patios.
Foundations are slightly elevated from
the ground by means of galleries,
as well as a large amount of gravel,
allowing for some air flow and limiting
the effect of humidity on the pavement.
North patios generate
different microclimates (lower
temperature in the shade) while
reducing the effect of winter
wind.
El suelo de hormigón pulido
permite retener el calor
generado por la radiación
solar durante la noche
The high thermal inertia of the vegetation
roof reduces heat loss, conserving heat
during winter nights. The same applies to
the walls of rammed earth blocks.
Swing window systems make it
possible to regulate the ventilation
and the air flow of rooms.
In summer, the opening of the
skylight allows hot air to be released
from the rooms. During the winter, it
will retain the heat inside the rooms.
Thermal curtains to retain the return
of solar radiation during the winter.
And during the summer, they try to
do the opposite.
In-between spaces to allow
better control of thermal
comfort through user
actions.
Indoor vegetation acts as a
regulator of internal humidity.

p. 22 p. 23
OUTDOOR : 32 °C OUTDOOR : 12 °C
OUTDOOR : 20 °C OUTDOOR : 7 °C
INDOOR : 26 °C INDOOR : 20 °C
INDOOR : 22 °C INDOOR : 18 °C
DAY
- Cross ventilation.
- Open spaces benefit from summer breeze.
- Canopy controls the sunlight.
DAY
- Enclosing allows the breeze to pass by.
- Sunlight is retained with thermal materials.
- Heat source at the north provides warmth.
NIGHT
- Crossed ventilation is controled with windows.
- Wall insulation allow rooms to remain cool.
NIGHT
- Retained warmth in high thermal materials.

p. 24 p. 25
Green Roof
Green Roof
Prefab Concrete
Waffle Slab
Concrete
Roof Slab
Concrete Roof Slab
Wood + Rammed
Earth Block Box
Glazed Enclosure
Rammed Earth
Blocks Columns
Rammed Earth Blocks
Screen Walls
Rammed Earth Blocks
Facade
Timber Canopy
Concrete Ground
Slab
Thermal Blinds
Wicker Cover
Concrete and Timber
Galleries Foundations
Wooden Celling
Wooden Mezzanine
Wooden Panelling
Wooden Celling
Local Vegetation
Glazed
Windows
Glazed Skylights
LAYERS ELEMENTS

p. 26 p. 27
Prefab soil panels (CTB)
Tapial Blocks
Soil Morter
Soil Paint
Saulo Flooring
Tiles Flooring
Sirewall
Superadobe
Catalan Vault
Foundations
Exposed Walls
Block Walls
Structure
Slab
Covers
Walls
Floors
Floor separation
Structure (Beams & Columns)
Rafters of the roof & Carpentry
Furnitures
01.
02.
03.
04.
05.
06.
07.
08.
09.
01.
02.
03.
04.
05.
06.
01.
02.
03.
04.
05.
06.
Rammed Earth Sources (Quarries)
Timber Sources (Forest and Dump plants)
Recycling Concrete Sources (Dump plants)
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
The blocks are self-supporting, do not
need any finishing, and their joint is also
made with the same material.
The materials can be used either in
the form of H-zero blocks or it can be
poured as traditional concrete.
RECYCLED CONCRETE
The new concrete is made with recycled
aggregates so it does not consume
natural resources (quarry aggregates).
RECYCLED CONCRETE BLOCKS
H-zero blocks are made from
concrete with 100% recycled
aggregate and contributes to
the reduction of landfills.
TRANSPORTATION
More than 5.7 million tons of construction and
demolition waste are being generated in Catalonia
every year. These numbers are increasing.
WASTE TRANSPORTATION
Demolition waste is transported to
recycling plants for further treatment.
H-ZERO FACTORY
Construction waste recovery
plant H-zero is located
20 km from the center of
Barcelona. It recovers gravel
for future concrete.
CEMENT PRODUCTION PROCESS
In order to produce concrete, recovered
gravel needs to be mixed with cement.
This material releases CO2 during its
production, so it is necesary to use the
minimum amount in our design.
FACTORY
Transformation of pulp and
sowdust into bioenergy. RECYCLING FACTORY
Reused furnitures.
SAWMILLS
Transforming trunks
into laminated timber.
PULP SHREDER
Transforming trees dumb
into laminated timber.
Cross Laminated
Timber (CLT)
Cross Laminated
Timber (CLT)
Glued Laminated
Timber (GluLam)
Branches
Pulp
Showdust
Tree Trunks
HARVEST
BIOENERGY
BUILDING
QUARRY
Cement production plants
can work with quarries
located near Barcelona city.
BUILDING DEMOLITION
The blocks are 100% recyclable, but the
agregates need to go through a clasification
process before being reused.
QUARRY
Fetdeterra works with quarries
within a radius of 50 km away.
FEDETERRA FACTORY
100% recyclable materials, with
low economic and energy cost.
PROCESS
Mixing of soil and demolition
agregates to obtain DTierra 0-30
RAMMED EARTH BLOCKS
Clasification and compactation of the soil into blocks,
which are air dryed with no energy cost.
STORAGE AND
COMMERCIALIZATION

p. 28 p. 29
The next part of the proposed task is to superimpose
the developed prototype to be capable of extrapolating
the typology to a larger scale. The project is able to
converge in a collective housing plan adapted to the
Mediterranean climate, without losing the habitability
conditions previously developed. In this way, the
resulting building modifies its scale but maintains the
original premise of the ‘onion’ concept where the user
is able to modify his climatic comfort condition by
living the different thresholds of the project.
In the same way that we worked on the small-scale
prototype, we identify the thermodynamic patterns,
air flows and patterns of heat capture, storage and
emission to give different responses to the climatic
conditions that will be modified over time. In this way
we understand that the project will be able to behave
differently in summer and winter as well as during the
day and night.
Full Exposure
Cooling Patios
Massive Roof
North Protection
Sun Protections
Light Holes - Winter Rooms
Cooling Patios
Regulatory Thresholds
Housing

p. 30 p. 31
Type 02 Floor Plan - Continous Glazed Facade
Type 01 Floor Plan - Double Height Balconies
Ground Floor Plan

p. 32 p. 33
DAY
- Cross ventilation.
- Canopy controls the sunlight.
DAY
- Sunlight is retained with thermal materials.
NIGHT
- Crossed ventilation is controled with windows.
- Wall insulation allow rooms to remain cool.
NIGHT
- Retained warmth in high thermal materials.
SUMMER WINTER

p. 34 p. 35

p. 37
p. 36 Frosilo | Santa Marta, COL p. 37
FRØSILO - Relocation in Santa Marta
The main goal is to present an architectural strategy to adapt
MVRDV’s conversion of the Gemini Residences to a new climatic
context. Based on an analysis of the local climate, social
structure and economy, the silos located in the port of Santa
Marta are carefully selected and a strategy for the construction
process is presented, taking into account the available resources
and the existing industries. It was decided to industrialize most
of the building, minimizing on-site work and taking advantage of
the location of the silos that allow assembly from the port itself.
Workshop leaders: Ignacio Fernández-Solla, Diego García-Setien, Archie
Campbell, David Castro
Team: Heredia, Santamaría, Pineda, Gómez, Worm
Location: Santa Marta, Colombia
Date: 2022
Abstract

p. 38 p. 39
Frosilo | Santa Marta, COL
The purpose of the exercise was to present an
architectural strategy to adapt MVRDV’s conversion
of the Gemini Residences to a new climatic context,
preserving its original DNA and proposing agile
adjustments that maintain its essential characteristics.
The original project is a radical reconversion located
in a port area where the structural limitations of
the silos lead the intervention to combine certain
openings, restricted and complex, in the old concrete
cylinders with the desire to maintain the quality of the
interior void. The floors of the apartments, then, are
suspended from the exterior, allowing each dwelling
to benefit from the best horizons and maximum
flexibility. A relocation from Copenhagen, Denmark to
the coastal city of Santa Marta, Colombia is therefore
proposed. Changes in the dimensional characteristics
of the building, such as unit sizes, height between
floors, envelope performance or reinterpretation of the
first floor, according to the new needs are based on a
diagnosis after the analysis of the local climate, social
structure and economy.
Temperature
Temperature
Sunpath
Sunpath
Humidity
Humidity
Sunhours
Sunhours

p. 40 p. 41
30°
30°
1.65
45°
0.80
45°
2.80
2.80
2.80
30°
30°
1.65
45°
0.80
45°
60°
2.80
2.80
2.80
30°
30°
1.65
45°
0.80
45°
60°
2.80
2.80
2.80
The layout of the units responds carefully to the calculation of the necessary overhangs
to prevent the sun’s rays from penetrating the interior of the apartments and to provide
the essential shade on the private balconies. For this purpose, movable elements are
supplied which allow for shading at different moments of the day.
It was decided to take advantage of the existing silo in the port of Santa Marta to create
openings in the design and provide a constant air flow that would be able to ventilate
the building. Prevailing winds from the north would be capable of passing through the
common open spaces and through the central area, which contains the circulation of
the complex.
9:00 hs / 17:00 hs 10:00 hs / 16:00 hs 11:00 hs / 15:00 hs
Shading
Double Height Terrace
N
Balcony partitions
Shading

p. 42 p. 43

p. 44 p. 45
TIPO A
- Incluye los servicios de la unidad.
- Incluye aberturas para futuras conexiones.
- No es colapsable para el envío a la obra.
12 Unidades por planta
- 4 Monoambientes.
- 4 Unidades de un dormitorio.
- 4 Unidades con dos dormitorios.
8 Plantas = 96 Unidades totales
1 unidad por camión
Tamaño de camión (28 ton.)
12.2m L x 2.6m W x 4.4m H
1 planta completa por barco
Tamaño de barco (702 ton.)
54.3m L x 11.7m W
TIPO B
- Incluye las zonas secas de la vivienda.
- Suelen ser dormitorios y salones.
- Unidad plegable para el envío a obra.

p. 46 p. 47
0,34
0,17
2,8
0,34
0,17
0,26
Metal profiles F47 structure
Three layer solid bamboo plywood (20mm)
Tubular steel structure 15x15
CLB (80mm)
CLB (80mm)
Anchor wall panels
Solid bamboo OSB flooring boards
Floating floor slab (40mm)
Impact sound isolation (30mm)
CLB (170mm)

p. 48 p. 49
1
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DO
WN
UP
33
R
x
0,2
0
32
G
x
0,2
6
S-01
S-01
A. Rainwater and potable water tank
260 people x 50 L/Day = 13.000 L
Volume: 13 m3
Heigh: 2 m
Area: 6.5 m2
B. Potable water tank
260 people x 100 L/Day = 26.000 L
Volume: 26 m3
Heigh: 2 m
Area: 13 m2
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
100 mm
60 mm
80 mm
40 mm
20 mm
0 mm
120 mm
Dry Season
Rainy Season
Tank A Tank A
Rainwater Potable
water
Potable
water
Potable
water
Tank B Tank B
Tank Tank

p. 50 p. 51
S-01
S-01
S-02
S-02
From the panels, the energy is delivered to heat exchangers
for hot water and inverter and main panel for electricity
Sunhours
1040 Total Solar PV Panels
for 2393 m2 roof
Hot water
9.6 %
940
100
Electricity
90.4 %
Water tank heat pump at ground floor
3 ways to fulfill user load:
Solar PV Panel
Water Tank
Heat Pump
By day:
Solar energy gain
Extra hot water goes to tank
By night:
Water tank releases heat
Heat pump makes up for load
needed
Solar PV Panels - 70% of heating
Water Tank - 20% of heating
Heat Pump - 10% of heating
31% optimization vs traditional
Heat energy delivered to
heat exchanger, producing
hot water
Solar PV Panels
creating solar energy
(Estimate of 1975 Gal.
required by 96 units for 3 hs.
period of 140 degree water)
Solar PV Panels Heat Exchanger
Air Source Heat Pump
Water Tank
Pump
Pump
Pump
Water flows in water tank for
heat charge during daytime,
when solar radiation is high
enough
Electrical air-source heat
pump installed in parallel
with PV Panels
(Auxillary heat source)
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
300 h
200 h
100 h
0 h
50 h
150 h
250 h

p. 52 p. 53
The silos located in the city’s port were selected for the intervention
and a strategy of industrialization of the construction process
was presented, taking into account locally available resources
and existing industries. It consists of prefabricated modules of
cross-laminated bamboo and tubular steel structure, which are
assembled on a metallic structure previously affirmed on the
first floor. Already assembled modules containing the wet areas
with their dismountable pairs are interspersed in the design to
facilitate both assembly and transport. In this way, duplication of
the necessary structure is avoided and a complete level can be
transported by ferry from the port of Barranquilla. The decision
was made to industrialize most of the building, minimizing on-site
work and taking advantage of the location of the silos that allow
assembly from the port itself.
The design of the roof provides a dual function to the project: to
support a system of photovoltaic panels for energy production and
to collect rainwater in tanks to address the drinking water crisis in
the area.

p. 55
p. 54 Float, emerge, submerge | Sao Paulo, BRA p. 55
FLOAT, EMERGE, SUBMERGE
Workshop leaders: Cristiane Muniz, Fernando Viégas
Team: Heredia, Chordia, Solano, Fernandes, Campino
Location: Sao Paulo, Brasil
Date: 2022
Understanding that the project assumes a clear social approach
from its origin, it is decided to study the hydrography of the
region and the infrastructure works that have been modifying
the natural resources of the area. A new relationship is proposed
between vulnerable housing and urban water resources, and
a new type of environmentally responsible organization, which
recognizes that the city needs another urban-natural pact.
The proposal includes terraced cultivations, varied flora on the
margins, preserved nature walks and floating cultivable islands
capable of modifying the urban landscape.
Abstract

p. 56 p. 57
Float, emerge, submerge | Sao Paulo, BRA
Speculating on the relationship between the urban structure of
the city, settled in a placethat once hadwatercourses and small
hills, and the contrast with the historical housing situation, the
gaze is directed towards the peripheral neighborhoods: tragic
outcomes of a significant situation of expulsion of immigrants
and gentrification. Understanding that the project implies a
clear social approach from its origin, it is decided to study in
depth the hydrography of the region and the infrastructure
works of the twentieth century that have been modifying the
natural resources of the area. Small rivers and streams have
changed their course over time and the valleys have been
slowly modified to make way for paved areas, turning their
banks into heavy traffic corridors, polluting the waters, causing
floods and killing the native vegetation.
At this point in the process, we decided to incorporate in
a transcendental way the concept of time, an extremely
important element not onlyforthe development ofthe area, but
also for the behavior of nature. Located on the margins of the
Guarapiranga dam, we discovered that the natural landscape
often varies greatly due to changes in the water level, which
led to the need to respond to the obvious lack of connection
on the margins of the ecological park, but without disturbing,
or rather benefiting from such a native phenomenon.
Hydrography

p. 58 p. 59
WATER + TIME

p. 60 p. 61
In view of the above reflections, a new relationship
between vulnerable housing and urban water
resources is proposed, an understanding of the
available socio-spatial means and a new type of
environmentally responsible organization, which
recognizes that the city needs another urban-natural
pact. For this, a detailed study of the native vegetation
of the area is evidently necessary to understand the
different possible ways in which local inhabitants can
benefit. The proposal includes terraced cultivation,
varied flora on the margins, preserved nature walks
and floating cultivable islands capable of modifying
the urban panorama depending on the time of the
year thanks to the constant landscape change that the
hydrography of the area gives us.
Inspired by Tomie Ohtake, a well-known visual artist in
Sao Paulo, we decided to create a project that could
resemble her work using cut-outs of her paintings,
but at the same time be able to incorporate all the
concepts mentioned above, in which the design
elements themselves transform the landscape over
time, responding to nature, fauna and the needs of the
inhabitants of the place.

p. 62 p. 63
VEGETATION

p. 64 p. 65

p. 66 p. 67

p. 68 p. 69
FRAGMENTPLAN

p. 71
p. 70 Future Traditions | Madrid, ESP p. 71
FUTURE TRADITIONS
Workshop leaders: José María Ezquiaga, Gemma Peribañez
Team: Heredia, Ipince, Haro, De Rungs, Campino
Location: Madrid, España
Date: 2022
The genesis of the proposal for the “Campamento” area is based
on incorporating into the urban design process a prediction of
what life would be like in the future, in order to create, from our
hypothesis, a city suitable for the inhabitants of 2100. In this
way, three phases are estimated to be necessary in the process,
where the necessary technological systems and infrastructures
would accompany the development. However, it is essential
to provide each neighborhood with a “Madrilenian” character,
because a city without identity is a city without direction.
Abstract

p. 72 p. 73
Future Traditions | Madrid, ESP
Opportunities found at site.
CURRENT SITUATION
A. Close to the city center.
B. Approach to natural contexts.
C. Extensive free areas for urbanization.
D. Mixed Uses in the surroundings.

p. 74 p. 75
Problematics found at site.
A. Disconnection between two sides.
B. Inadequate acces to public spaces.
C. Abandonned streets with no activities.
D. Dependance on private vehicles.
CURRENT SITUATION

p. 76 p. 77
The neighborhood of Campamento, in the southeast of the city of Madrid, is
undergoing a redevelopment process due to the change of land use in multiple
and extensive areas. This process represents a possibility of large-scale
contemporary urban development, with hundreds of hectares in considerable
proximity to the city center.
As a starting point, the territory, demographics and history of this area are
analyzed to establish the potential opportunities and propose an urban
infrastructure capable of accommodating more than 10,000 new homes,
generating 10,000 new jobs, as well as promoting spaces for sports, leisure,
culture, commerce, and integrating into a transportation network.
However, the project aims to seize this opportunity by imagining what a
future city could look like, capable of hosting a century of development in
infrastructure, energy and transport technologies. Integrating future activities
with the traditional urban lifestyle, and therefore establishing an exercise in
urban exploration.
How are the cities of the future shaping up? The new sustainable city projects
we see in development are more often than not abstract projections, with no
specific relationship to their surroundings. They are projects with a clean slate,
self-absorbed, capable of being relocated anywhere in the world because they
are not characteristic of any one locality. India, China, Japan and Saudi Arabia
seem to be driving this approach to the city.
It is clear that this logic of intervention does not correspond at all with a city
like Madrid, loaded with an important historical heritage in its territory and
architecture, and proud of its past. An intervention of this type in Madrid must
converse with the adjacent neighborhoods, with the urban lifestyle and with
the traditions of the city. It is to look to the future and to the past at the same
time. It is to promote future traditions.
6 minutes City
Neighborhood
Uses
Traditional
Dispersed Neighborhood
Neighborhood
Connectivity
Neighborhood
Character
Compact
Mixed Use Neighborhood
Urban Identities
Mixed Use
Neighborhood Overlaping
Neighborhood
Network
Secondary
pedestrian streets
Secondary
pedestrian streets
Main Street
Underground A5
Infraestructure
network
Underground Vehicular
infraestructure
Underground Vehicular
infraestructure

p. 78 p. 79

p. 80 p. 81
Land Use
Mobility
Energy
Urban proposal.
MASTER PLAN
Green Areas
Bicycle
Bio Fuels
Electric
Bus
Wind
Walking
Residential
Micro
mobility
Photovoltaic
Commercial
Shared
Vehicles
Industrial
Alternatives

p. 82 p. 83

p. 84 p. 85
Cultural & Sports
Urban Density
Characterised by its integration between urban area and
landscape. Its predominant use is agricultural production
within the city, both at street level and large-scale
vertical farming inside buildings. It is a neighborhood of
technological innovation and productive supply.
Natural Spaces
Housing & Protected Housing
Commercial, Tech & Offices
Energy Production
Urban Farming Neighborhood
75%
15%
01.

p. 86 p. 87
Cultural & Sports
Urban Density
Characterised by its financial and commercial use, it
is the centre of accomodation for large companies in
Campamento. It works in synergy with the development
and innovation of the urban farming areas, and with
the residential character of the cultural & crafts
neighborhood.
Natural Spaces
Energy Production
Financial / Commercial Neighborhood
55%
45%
02.

p. 88 p. 89
Cultural & Sports
Urban Density
Characterised by a smaller scale urban fabric related
to the pre-existing surrounding neighborhoods, as well
as mixed use between housing, ateliers or production
spaces, and cultural facilities. It functions as an articulator
between the older areas and the future projections.
Natural Spaces
Energy Production
Cultural & Crafts Neighborhood
65%
35%
03.

p. 90 p. 91
Cultural & Sports
Urban Density
Characterised by a use focused on sports, leisure
and cultural programs, it articulates different areas of
Campamento with the Aluche Municipal Sports Centre.
The development also provides smaller scale cultural and
sports facilities capable of serving locals and visitors.
Natural Spaces
Energy Production
Sports Neighborhood
65%
35%
04.

p. 92 p. 93
Cultural & Sports
Urban Density
Characterised by an industrial use linked to the urban
farming district, this neighborhood is composed by larger
blocks, as well as it has a concentration of larger scale
services and shops, articulated distribution networks, and
forward-looking innovation.
Natural Spaces
Energy Production
Industrial Neighborhood
70%
30%
05.

p. 94 p. 95
Stage 1 ( 2022 - 2030 )
ADAPTATIVE INFRAESTRUCTURE
ENERGY
TRANSPORT
TECHNOLOGY
Transport Line
Aerial Mobility
Smart Pavement
Robotic
Public Services
Ultra Speed
Controlled Urban

p. 96 p. 97
Stage 1 ( 2030 - 2050 )
E- Commerce
Controlled
Hyperloop
AI Air Space
AI Micro Mobility
TRANSPORT
Energy Productive
Facade System
CO2 Capture
Bio - Fuels
Ecosystem Sensor
Urban Data Central
Water Sensor
Public Wi - Fi
Internet of Things
ENERGY
TECHNOLOGY

p. 98 p. 99
Underground Tunnel
Metro Line
Geothermal System
Photovoltaics
Wind Energy
Energy Storage
Atmospheric Sensor
Smart Traffic Lights
Smart Lighting
Waste Ducts
Electric Bus
M
ENERGY
TRANSPORT
TECHNOLOGY
Stage 3 ( 2050 - 2100 )

p. 100 p. 101
CIRCULARITY

p. 103
p. 102 Don’t touch, recharge | Madrid, ESP p. 103
DON’T TOUCH, RECHARGE
Workshop leaders: Andrés Cánovas, Atxu Amann, Nicolás Maruri
Team: Heredia, Ottenwalder, Tampi, Kteich
Date: 2022
Housing is increasingly being allocated to old buildings that
have fallen into disuse and were not initially intended to house
people. The gender and technological revolutions of the last
century have forced us to propose spaces that allow a condition
of flexibility, because the limits between reproductive and
productive work coexist within assemblies of hybrid spaces. It
is evident, then, that we try to rethink one of the University’s
pavilions as a container for the effective use of such work and
domesticity.
Abstract

p. 104 p. 105
Don’t touch, recharge | Madrid, ESP
Housing is increasingly taking over old buildings that
were not originally intended to house people. From
factories and office buildings out of use to warehouses
and industrial structures that have fallen into disuse,
we have an immense built heritage that we must take
advantage of. On the other hand, housing has mutated
to respond to the usual family condition, and it has
done so both in terms of its organization and in relation
to its location in consolidated cities.
Universities, for their part, must adapt their structures
and incorporate different and diverse uses if they are
not to become the vulgarity to which they seem to be
tending. In this case, it is proposed to rethink one of the
pavilions of the ETSAM as a container for an effective
use of work and domesticity. Against the usual current
of rethinking the object precisely as a container, we
decided to take a more extreme position in which we
could abstract from touching the container itself, to
recharge itfrom anotherperspective: a kind offuturistic
parasite capable of storing the program and clinging
from the outside with an exponential hexagonal grid.
Keep
Connect
City City
City City
Structure
Modular
structural
pod
Vertical
-Lift-
Horizontal
-Walkway-
Diagonal
-Stairs-
Circulation
Reprogram
Add
Cells Activities
Attach -

p. 106 p. 107

p. 108 p. 109
Sleeping Cell
Bathing Cell
Working Cell
Combined Working Cell
Combined Working Cell
Multiple posible combinations
Working Cell - Combined
Section
Working Cell - Combined
Floorplan

p. 110 p. 111
Bathing Cell Cooking Cell Working Cell
Working
Cell
Sleeping
Cell
Sleeping Cell

p. 112 p. 113
The gender and technological revolutions
of the last century have meant that several
decades later, we are forced to propose spaces
that allow for a condition of extreme flexibility,
because the boundaries between reproductive
and productive work no longer correspond to
private and public spheres, but coexist within
assemblages of hybrid spaces. In these sites, the
temporal condition seems to impose itself on the
pure spatial condition. In response, the proposal
includes among its modules, perfect examples
of this condition, where architectural elements
mutate program, through a simple vertical
rotation, transforming a work cell with its fixed
furniture into a temporary room. At the same
time, it is understood that the whole system is so
ephemeral that it renews itself and modifies its
character according to its eventual needs, being
able to maximize the accommodation capacity as
soon as it is necessary.

p. 115
p. 114 La Ville Spatiale | Zurich, SUI p. 115
LA VILLE SPATIALE
Workshop leaders: Anne Lacaton
Team: Heredia, Gómez, Chordia, Mandhan
Location: Zurich, Suiza
Date: 2022
Avoiding the preoccupation with architectural form, Yona
Friedman’s work is taken as a reference to create a spatial
framework megastructure that transports individual homes and
public spaces above the typical buildings sitting on the ground.
In this case, the railroad repair shop owned by SBB is completely
released from any kind of specific program, and the architect
provides only the necessary infrastructure so that the inhabitant
is in charge of “inventing” the city to his taste, within a controlled
framework.
Abstract

p. 116 p. 117
La Ville Spatiale | Zurich, SUI
In our continuous reflection on the good housing
conditions that the cityshould provide to its inhabitants
and that architects should design, the transformation
of existing buildings provides good solutions that meet
many criteria of quality, sustainability, economy, waste
reduction and carbon emissions among other things.
In this opportunity, the potential for reuse of obsolete
industrial facilities was explored as is the case of the
complex belonging to Schweizerische Bundesbahnen
(SBB), the national railroad company of Switzerland,
occupied by workshop sheds that are still used as a
train repair center, but would be reconverted into
mixed-use and housing structures to foster good living
conditions.
With a more philosophical approach, the project was
approached with a clear strategy to avoid at all costs
any kind of demolition and to find alternative strategies
to provide good living conditions on the site. At this
point is where it was decided to study and incorporate
the work of Yona Friedman to the design process, to
reinterpret the relationship of the individual with the
land and what could be a new way of building a city.
Relationship to the ground
Shelter
Densification
Re-established relationships
The new ground

p. 118 p. 119
Cluster and shared spaces

p. 120 p. 121
Learning spaces
Convenience stores and retail
Co-working spaces Flexible market space
Offices
Multipurpose area

p. 122 p. 123

p. 124 p. 125
Corredor Público
Entrada
Cocina
Sala de Estar
Terraza balcón
Dormitorio Secundario
Baño completo
Parasoles plegables
01.
02.
03.
04.
05.
06.
07.
08.
01.
02.
06.
03. 07.
04.
05.
08.

p. 126 p. 127
The reuse of this type of buildings is an opportunity
to design and invent new housing typologies beyond
the standards, providing more space and a diversity of
qualities and environments. Large-scale buildings that
have fallen into disuse can open the opportunity to
think about deep housing plans, with more freedom of
action both in the design phase and in the development
of the project. In this case it is a great opportunity to
explore how a megastructure can become not only a
practical but also a technical framework for individual
homes and public spaces over and above what we
know as a ‘typical’ city sitting on the ground.
The interesting concept provided by Friedman in his
essays allows us to propose to free industrial sheds
completelyfrom any kind of specific program to provide
only the necessary infrastructure for individuals to
be in charge of ‘inventing’ the city. Architects, then,
should be able to provide a sufficiently controlled
framework from a technical point of view and therefore
allow the inhabitant to have the opportunity to create
his or her own city.

p. 129
p. 128 Behind the wall | Barcelona, ESP p. 129
BEHIND THE WALL
Workshop leaders: Andrea Deplazes
Team: Heredia, Basilis, Lizardou
Location: Barcelona, España
Date: 2022
The aim of the project is to extrapolate a concept to a typical
block of Barcelona in which the houses developed respond to
a hypothesis of ‘urban front’ and ‘blind back’. The intention is
to make sense of such back, providing spaces for recreation,
rest, silence and noise inside the urban block. In this way,
the continuous blind walls resulting from the grouping of the
dwellings end up being a fundamental part of the proposal,
providing, as iftheywere containers, activities forthe community
inhabiting here.
Abstract

p. 130 p. 131
Behind the wall | Barcelona, ESP
The project is developed from a hypothesis with very
clear restrictions. It starts from a conceptual approach
that implies providing each unit developed in the
project with two spaces that are clearly differentiated
from each other, but that remain in a close relationship:
a living space and a working space. The premise
determines that both should be physically separated,
with the work space in front and the living space
behind. It is interpreted then that the concept of ‘front’
is related to the urban front, and the idea of ‘behind’
must respond to something antagonistic: a blind wall.
The extrapolation of the concept used to the urban
scale implies solving in the same way a typical block
of Barcelona, so our blind wall should have a profitable
sense. The intention pursued in the development of
this project is to find meaning in the ‘behind’ of our
units, providing spaces for recreation, rest, silence
and noise inside the urban blocks. In this way, the
continuous blind walls that result from the grouping
of the dwellings end up being containers for bars,
gardens, swimming pools, churches and tennis, paddle
or fronton courts for the community that lives in the
area.
FRONT BACK
WORKING PASSAGE LIVING

p. 132 p. 133
Single Unit Section
Single Unit Floorplan

p. 134 p. 135
Cluster Floorplan

p. 136 p. 137

p. 139
p. 138 Ordinariness and Life | Split, CRO p. 139
ORDINARINESS AND LIFE
Workshop leader: Hrvoje Njiric
Team: Heredia, Santamaría, Georges, Petrou, Lizardou
Location: Split, Croacia
Date: 2022
Based on the need to provide housing within a defined contour,
the objective focuses on proposing affordable and innovative
solutions to the basic need for small-scale housing within a
specific Mediterranean context. The strategy embraces low cost
within the design process, taking as a primary rule that the most
expensive materials are used in only twenty-five percent of the
project. This coercive rule was applied both in the façade and
in the architectural plan, achieving an adequate balance for the
profile of the chosen residents.
Abstract

p. 140 p. 141
Ordinariness and Life | Split, CRO
The inhabitants of Split may look like a homogeneous
structure, buttraditionallytheybelongtothree separate
and distinctive groups, generally differentiated by their
place of birth or social status: the Fetivi, descendants
of old urban families closely linked to the city with their
traditional local dialect, the Beduli, immigrants from the
nearby islands with whom they used to share dialect,
and the Vlaji, immigrants coming from the interior of
the country. The last ones were the majority of the
population and quickly became primitive rural laborers,
often mocked for ‘not being able to see the sea from
their homes’ because of their place of origin. They
are all referred to as ‘Splicani’, but there was always a
difference between living in Split and being born there.
However, we decided to find that one point that unites
these different social groups: the concept of ‘Fjaka’.
This is a sublime state in which the human being
aspires to nothing. The Croatian poet Jakša Fiamengo
describes it as a specific state of mind and body. “It
is like a faint unconsciousness, a state beyond the
self [...] a general passivity on the journey towards
total nothingness. The sense of time is lost, and its
own inertia and languor give the impression of a light
instant.” This ingredient seeks to be substantial in the
process of the design proposed.

p. 142 p. 143
Inner Private Gardens
CATALOGUE
Parkings Accesible terraces & Stairs

p. 144 p. 145
The transition zone between the urban and the rural is constantly
widening and blurring due to urban sprawl and the increasing trends of
suburbanization and deurbanization that come with it. Lefebvre attributes
modern urban sprawl to the ominous, but significant neologism: the
Rurban. With the term ¨rurban areas¨ is defined the former rural areas,
temporarily removed from the city center, which correspond to areas
belonging to the urban fabric, thus forming spatial complexes of daily
activity that produce a territory that is neither a city nor a village.
In this area, our proposal is developed, trying to manifest a strong
mimetization with the immediate environment. From a detailed study of
the neighbors, we created a catalog of those elements unrelated to the
house as such, but belonging to the plot of the various users, particularly
noting the private gardens, parking and accessible stairs and terraces.
This catalog of elements present in the context, lead us to employ them
as a method of design, therefore creating the layout of such specific
elements and leaving as a result the implementation of our housing units.
FACADE
25% of the facade covered
in expensive material
25% of the interior space
is used for wet areas
Communal wet areas in the middle which
separate the public from the private
SERVICE CORE FUNCTIONS

p. 146 p. 147
Basic Unit Plan

p. 148 p. 149
As a first instance of the brief, the Fetivi and Vlaji social groups
are chosen to form a coexisting community in our project. The
intention is to make this older generation rooted in the city,
who traditionally worked the fields and are generally close
to retirement age, coexist with the younger generation of
immigrants who may have large families, but who are active
population.
Because of this decision, the necessity arises to propose a
dwelling that could be flexible enough to accommodate both
social groups in an eventual and temporary way. It is intended
to provide a central unit invariable in terms of its organization
and program that allows to attach sporadic modules. The
house has a private space that could accommodate for
example a Fativi, a more ‘public’ recreation area, and the
remaining quarter of the surface would be shared. In addition,
the modules attached to the façade would increase the total
area of the unit, providing extra rooms that could be rented to
Vlajis, or even additional terraces and rooms to accommodate
new uses as needed.
Attachment Detail

p. 150 p. 151
Ordinariness and Life | Split, CRO A
A
A
F

p. 152 p. 153
Permutation example 1

p. 154 p. 155
Section A
Section B

p. 157
p. 156 Preserving the soul | Madrid, ESP p. 157
PRESERVING THE SOUL
Workshop leader: Allison Brooks
Team: Heredia, Kteich, Mandhan, Guimaraes
Date: 2022
In the pre-industrial city, collective formations for urban housing
also fostered communities of artisans who manufactured goods
and services for the population. Over time, housing, in response
to population growth, segregated the new communities from
their workplaces, giving rise to sterile neighborhoods. Our goal,
in the 21st century, is to respond to both the established urban
conditions of the historic city and the demand for increased
density by redefining Madrid’s most authentic historic housing
archetype: the Corrala.
Abstract

p. 158 p. 159
Preserving the soul | Madrid, ESP
The aim of the project was to transform Madrid’s most
authentic historic housing archetype: the Corrala. While
examining its organization, qualities and components,
the project required consideration of how these can
be reinterpreted and renovated to provide support for
a new form of collective living within a very restricted
‘infill’ urban site. The housing cluster would consist
of a community of makers/artisans/artists, so it was
necessary for it to include workshops located on the
first floor, in close connection with the existing park.
The project is intended to be indicative of the identity
of the Corrala and its context. In its physical form, it
is an epitome of the traditional corrala, but strives to
respond to modern housing issues, such as flexibility
and inclusivity, through the use of its floor plans.
Our objective also attempts to respond to the urban
conditions established in the historic city, without
losing sight of the requirement to increase the density
of an ever-growing city.

p. 160 p. 161
The project site is an example of a self-managed community
development. There is currently a community garden that is an
inclusive, dynamic and multicultural space that supports diverse
functions and interactions. The main premise was to try to intervene
as little as possible to preserve everything of value that the site
already possesses, giving better characteristics to the communal
spaces of the neighborhood.
Artists
the identity
the reed
the existing
A place
to learn
React Live
and work
Reflect
Provide
Respect
Neighbouring community
Corrala Features
openess
Internationality & horizontality
Inclusion & development
Care & attachment
Workspaces
Domestic spaces
Shared spaces
The Wild garden
The community Spirit
The surrounding
Preserving the soul, with minimum intervention
Redefining corrala: responding to the privacy
Responding to the constraints
Context
Two scales of courtyards
Exposing the existing brick wall
Different constraints, different treatment
Housing + Workshops

p. 162 p. 163
Ground Floor Plan

p. 164 p. 165
Corralas: a redundancy or a possibility? As we understand them,
a possibility, a lesson from history. The qualities of the corrala we
study provide an immense opportunity to explore the future of
housing, adapted to current needs it could be seen as a model
of collective housing. In our methodology we have started
from the most pertinent questions for the present and future of
housing: What are the new forms of housing? We might consider
that the metamorphosis of housing styles, family structures and
demographic patterns lead us to explore the ‘rhetoric of flexibility’
through the stratified understanding of the essence of a ‘corrala’
Can the collective be flexible? Does flexibility enable collective
behaviors? Can inclusion and flexibility be two sides of the same
coin? To this purpose, we understand that the best way to answer
these questions implies exposing in our design process concrete
layout elements such as the neutrality of the floor plans, the
indeterminacy of rooms, the provision of open civic spaces with
better accessibility and the possibility of customization by its
users.
Typical Floor Plan
Axonometric View

p. 166 p. 167
Transversal Section
Typical Floor Plan
Longitudinal Section

p. 168 p. 169

The Master of Advance Studies in Collective
Housing (MCH) is a postgraduate professional
program of advanced architecture design
focused on housing, city and energy studies.
Te value of this unique program lies in its
excellence and practice-oriented synthesis
of design with integrated disciplines and
theoretical issues of dwelling and housing.
MCH is ranked as the 3rd best Architecture
Master worldwide by BAM ranking in 2022.

Francisco Heredia, MCH2022, Argentina

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