Francisco Espinosa_MCH2018_Chile_Australia

MASTER IN COLLECTIVE HOUSING
Architecture Master of Advanced Studies UPM/ETH
Francisco Espinosa Julia
2018

1
Francisco Espinosa
Collected Works
January to July 2018

4
Introduction
This book collects the works of the Architect Francisco Espinosa
during the course of the Master of Architecture in Collective
Housing.
It comprehend individual and collective work cross specialties
and international workshops during 7 months.

6
#01
The Compact City
Atacama desert, Chile
The module Thermodynamic design strategies explores the design
opportunities which the field of thermodynamics and ecology is
opening to architecture, and specifically to the field of collective
housing. From a practical and project-oriented stand point, the
module focuses on connecting thermodynamics and ecology to
architecture with the objective of finding potential design strat-
egies which bridge the void between quantitative and qualitative
approaches. Contrary to current energy approaches to architecture
which are based on quantitative analysis, the module bridges the
gulf between energy and architecture, exploring those disciplinary
parameters —such as spatial and material structure, program or
perception— which are specifically connected to its material and
atmospheric performativity.
The project starting point blends the analysis of climate and
culture as a method to understand how climate has change the
way we live and therefore the human physiological development.
Thorough this understanding the Compact City follow the idea
of compacity a way of organization that contribute to achieve the
comfort zone (21 degrees) in the most arid desert in the world.
Form follows climate..
Duration: 1 month
With: Carlos Chauca
Specialty leader Javier Garcia-German
Thermodynamic Design Strategies
Thermodynamics and everyday life

7
Tulor
Archaeological site located in the Norte Grande natural region of the Antofagasta Region, Chile

8
Location | Climate | Cultural evolution
CLIMATIC TYPE
Antofagasta has a desert climate with abundant clouds (BWn), which is characterized by an absence of
rainfall, a marked partial morning cloudiness (which produces camanchaca), a high relative humidity
and the minimum seasonal variation of temperature (due to the low thermal oscillation).
PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATIONS TO THIS CLIMATIC SITUATION
Heat adaptation is of two types: adaptation to humid heat and to dry heat (desert conditions).
The desert-adapted person can sweat freely but must deal with the water loss involved; hence, he is usu-
ally thin but not tall. This adaptation minimizes both water needs and water loss. Adaptation to night
cold is also common in desert-adapted people. Cold adaptation is of three types: adaptation to extreme
cold, moderate cold, and night cold.
Night cold—often part of a desert environment, where inhabitants must be able to withstand hot,
dry daytime conditions as well as cold at night—favors increased metabolic activity to warm the body
during sleep.
THE MATERIAL
The strategy proposed is a mix system of rammed earth with concrete plints and lightweight roof struc-
tures. in winter, the objective is to capture as much direct sun radiation and to slowly released the heat
gain throught the night. due to its high -dry temperatures in summer , solar chimneys and skylights are
proposed to bring light and move the air naturally and reach comfort throught convection.
the collective program is a generic module for the craftsmen people in the area, where a community is
focused on production of services, products and art. the compacness of the circular modules store efficiently
the heat and as thermal gradient of heat is produced as well as privacy gradient where the threshold of
public and private is the main collective space.

9
Thermodynamic analysis of local structures
Tulor (2,000 masl)-[pre Columbian cultures]
Licanantay (2,300 masl)-[pre Columbian cultures]
San Pedro de Atacama (2,000 masl) [Current culture]
4. Maria Elena(1,155 masl) [Mining complex]

10
Courtyard view | Sections | Thermodinamic diagrams

11
Birdeye view | Site plan | Thermodinamic floor plan
From the original cell, we started to manipulate its orientation in order to create new responses to radiation and thermo-
dinamic differences. by conecting them through a common space, in this case el patio, we founded that there is an infinite
anount of possibilities and propagation of the modules and as a result a diversity in spatial experience. in this work we
have incorporated 20 dwellings, a plaza and a shared pavilion.

12
#02
Housing projects
Rethinking hometown
Duration: 24hrs
Workshop leader Annette Gigon
Suspended Living
Castro, Chile
What can be improved, what should be changed in architecture /
in housing specially in your hometown / in your country? - And
what should remain?
The project develops the vernacular architecture of Castro, spe-
cifically the one on the edge of the coast.
The Palafitos and it’s dual condition of living on the boarder
in-between the island and the sea, brings the idea of a dwelling
that can be suspended between these two active conditions and
at the same time use them as support for the tectonics of the
building.
The building use local timber structure on a grid 6x3m where the
program is developed in 3 levels. Access to the coast is on the
base and through a ramp to the temporary park when the tide is
low.

14
Texturas Austeras’, Pablo Rubinstein
Textures– Castro, Chile
From this sample of “Austeras Textures” we can see the well known Tejuela de Mañío,
Pellín, Alerce, Raulí and Coigüe or also called “Tejuela Chilota” (without having
been introduced by the Spaniards), as a registry of indigenous skins and materials of a
certain area (Vernacular Architecture), conserving as a whole an original and unique
composition within Chile, where the rugosity and exposure to the extreme roughness of
the climate, affect both its aesthetics and its own natural aging, influencing even the
small insects inhabitants of its bark.

15
Texturas Austeras’, Pablo Rubinstein

16
Manuscript of Castro, Chile | Traditional dwelling plan and section
Mapa manuscrito de Castro, levantado por la expedición de Brower, 1643. Uni-
versidad de Göttingen. Extraído de: Álvarez, Pablo (ed.), Chile a la vista, Dibam,
Santiago, 1999. p. 90-91

18
La minga, images.
La “Minga de tiradura de casas” is a tradition that dates back centuries. The term minga means requesting help while
promising something in return, which is still a code that Chilotes live by.
“Sense of community and neighborhood”
La Minga

19
The tide in Castro | Project Locations
01
04
07
02
05
08
03
06
09

20
Floor plans
Ground Floor
Level -1
Fundations
01
02
03
04
05
06070808 0910
Level 01

21
Perspective sections
06. Living
07.kitchen
08.bedroom
09.wc
10.Shower
01. Dock
02.Fisherman platform
03.Ramp
04.Shared open terrace
05.Entry

22
Timber structure axonometrie

23
Exploted axonometrie
Entry platform and level -1
Insulated timber ceiling with
cavities for future extention
Metal roof
Entry ramp
Unit level 01

International Workshop
28
#03
The Gentile Box
Cava Baja 47
How much does a building last? How much should it last? What
would our building be when time passes by? Architecture is
always public and that implies a responsibility that should make
us think in a time horizon in which our buildings would change
and their success would depend on the resilience it has. Thus
arises a method to project that focuses on those elements that
determine its later adaptations. These are: relationship with the
surroundings; structure and core location; the envelope and its
relationship with the street and the comfort it provides.
Workshop leader Dietmar Eberle
Assistant Professors: Victor Ebergenyi
Time to completion: 5 Days
Form + Core + Envelope

29
Floor plan of Comlongon Castle
a 15th century Scottish tower house, shows subsidiary rooms and a stair contained within the thick
walls of a single central room. The main room is so dominant, clearly defined and undisturbed by its
surrounding support spaces that the castle retains the sense of a one room building. Louis I. Kahn saw in
it a way to provide services without compromising the integrity of primary spaces.

30
Location plan
0 20 40 60 80 100
m

31
Ground floor plan | Typical Floor plan
7701000158010001580100015801000
840 6110 1250 2070 1250 4450 750
1000 1000 1580 1000 1580 1000 1580 1000 1580 1000 1580 1000 1830
16730
1000 1000 1580 1000 1580 1000 1580 1000 1580 1000 1580 1000 1580 1000 420
7701000158010001580100015801000690
10200
0 1 2 3 4 5
m
CAVA BAJA STREET
CAVA ALTA STREET
TERRACE BELOW
SETBACK
8290
770
TYPICAL PLAN 1:100@A3
0 1 2 3 4 5
m
CAVA BAJA STREET
CAVA ALTA STREET
ø 8500
GF PLAN 1:100@A3

35
Facede exploted section
WINDOW DETAILED

40
#04
Assistant Professors: Fernando Altozano
Duration: 5 days
With: Yasemin Yalcin
Workshop leader Andrea Deplazes
The crossover- 15m Depth
Sydney, Australia
What does it mean having a building depth of 6 meters? And what
if they were 28 meters? How does a dwelling vary if it has different
building depth but the same amount of squared meters?
Which qualities regarding circulation, access, sunlight, ventila-
tion, facilities location and intimacy has a dwelling according to
its depth. Identifying the strengths of each case and its problems
would be a first step to make in this laboratory, so that it is possi-
ble to propose a conceptual approach according to it, afterwards.
The Crossover explore the idea of maximizing the amount of
dwelling accessible by one core in a 15 meters depth building.
Considering the standard opportunities showed on the 01. Dia-
grams of approach, we also wanted to achieve dual orientation that
could determinate the internal relations of the building and its
context.
With this in mind, we then developed a new typology that driv-
en by the above can access 4 units per core resolved by using a
split-level of half of the unit. The split level not only solves the idea
of core efficiency but also contributes to cross ventilation and the
idea of the true depth by a diagonal tension between each facade.
The typology then becomes a core between two orientations, two
landscapes or two ways of see the world.
Building Depth

41
Construction of the border fence between the U.S. and Mexico between Naco and Douglas, Arizona. April 2008. Photo:
From Confrontier by Kai Wiedenhöfer

42
Diagrams of approach
Access 2 units per core + dual orientation
Access 4 units per core + single orientation
2-level apartments Access 4 units per core and level + single orientation

44
Diagram of agrupation
Sequence of aggrupation between cores
where the split level of each units over-
laps in order to the crossover apartments
and maximize the units per core

45
Concept | Typical Floor plan
15000mDEPTH
20mDEPTH
0 1 2 3 4 5
m
CONCEPT
L0
15m DEPTH 20m DEPTH
15000mDEPTH
20mDEPTH
0 1 2 3 4 5
m
CONCEPT
L0
15m DEPTH 20m DEPTH
Views
Outside
Views
Views
Outside
Views
RL 13000
RL 13000
RL 13000
6600
RL 11500
3150 3150
A
A
B
B
D
D
C
C
1 1
2 2
7 7
2500 1600 2500
3 3
4 4
5 5
270031501500150031502700
6 6
73507350
BUILDINGDEPTH
15000
6600 6600 6600
3200 3400
0 1 2 3 4 5
m
L1
Apartment Type
Views
Outside
Views
Views
Ou
tside
Views
Views
Outside
Views
Views
Outside
Views
BUILDINGDEPTH
15000
RL 13000
RL 11500
6600
75007500
2380 1550 2380
8800
3000 2100 3400
4580276027904730
15000
RL 13000RL 13000
0 1 2 3 4 5
m
L1
Apartment Type

46
Supports plan, structure and polivalent spaces | Perspective section of split level apartment
RL 13000
RL 11500
RL 13000
RL 13000RL 13000
RL 13000 RL 11500
BUILDINGDEPTH
15000
6600 6600 6600
6600 6600 6600
LIGHTSPACES
2900
LIVINGSPACES
3050
SERVICES&ACCESS
31003050
LIGHTSPACES
2900
73507350
VARITY&ADAPTABILITY
5950
0 1 2 3 4 5
m
Supports
L4
A
A
B
B
D
D
C
C
1 1
2 2
7 7
3 3
4 4
5 5
6 6
RL 13000
RL 11500
3150 3150
2500 1600 2500
270031501500150031502700
73507350
BUILDINGDEPTH
15000
6600 6600 6600
3200 3400
RL 13000
RL 13000
270031501500150031502700
6600 6600 6600
3400 3200 2500 1600 2500
RL 11500
RL 13000
SPLITLEVEL
1500
FLOORTOFLOOR
3000
0 1 2 3 4 5
m
Block Type
A
B
L3
L2
Perspective Sections
Apartment Type
Section line &
View point

47
Block Type | Internal relations diagram | Split stair section box
A
A
B
B
D
D
C
C
1 1
2 2
7 7
3 3
4 4
5 5
6 6
RL 13000
RL 11500
3150 3150
2500 1600 2500
270031501500150031502700
73507350
BUILDINGDEPTH
15000
6600 6600 6600
3200 3400
RL 13000
RL 13000
270031501500150031502700
6600 6600 6600
3400 3200 2500 1600 2500
RL 11500
RL 13000
SPLITLEVEL
1500
FLOORTOFLOOR
3000
0 1 2 3 4 5
m
Block Type
A
B
L3
B
B
D
D
C
C
1
2
7
3
4
5
6
0
RL 11500
3150
1600 2500
6600 6600 6600
3200 3400
00
RL 13000
270031501500150031502700
6600 6600 6600
3400 3200 2500 1600 2500
RL 11500
RL 13000
SPLITLEVEL
1500
FLOORTOFLOOR
3000
A C
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
mm
Stair Section crossover
A
A
B
B
D
D
C
C
1 1
2 2
7 7
3 3
4 4
5 5
6 6
RL 13000
RL 11500
3150 3150
2500 1600 2500
270031501500150031502700
73507350
BUILDINGDEPTH
15000
6600 6600 6600
3200 3400
RL 13000
RL 13000
270031501500150031502700
6600 6600 6600
3400 3200 2500 1600 2500
RL 11500
RL 13000
SPLITLEVEL
1500
FLOORTOFLOOR
3000
0 1 2 3 4 5
m
Block Type
A
B
L3
RL 13000
D
D
1
2
7
3
4
5
6
6600

54
#05
Inhabitable Threshold
Environmental interfaces in contemporary housing
Valdebebas, Madrid
The workshop explores a specific problem of housing design: the
one of the “interface” or “buffer” between the private realm and
the collective one, and of its possible evolutions in the light of the
ongoing changes on urban and natural environments.
In the urban expansion of the nineteenth century, building fa-
cades were considered and designed as a simple backdrop of the
urban scene, an unified architectural “dress” to screen the deco-
rated variety of bourgeois interiors. The Functionalist attitude of
the following century, dismissing previous practices as “formalist”,
denied any figural autonomy to the vertical envelope of residential
buildings, considering it the natural consequence of the correct
resolution of a “typical” apartment unit.
Assistant Professors: Belén Hermida
Duration: 5 Days
With: Luis Martin
Workshop leader Cino Zucchi
Environmental Interfaces in
Contemporary housing

55
Sant’Andrea al Quirinale. Bernini | Concept sketch
But the scale of the single living unit and the one of the city, our
need of a personal realm and the search for a shared space, are not
able to dialogue directly without a mediating element.
This element is the depth of the building envelope, which it has
also to perform a number of sophisticated tasks: modulate the
light of the sun (directly or by the employment of screening de-
vices) in relationship with latitude and geographical orientation;
protect the interior from excessive hot and cold, wind, rain, noise,
pollution; create inhabitable open air spaces for the dwellings, in-
cluding fragments of nature; provide visual privacy to the inte-
riors; act as a social mean of communication; give a meaningful
form to the collective urban spaces.

57
Master plan, scale 1:10000 | Site plan, scale 1:4000

61
South facade, perspective elevation.| South facade, perspective section
01
02

62
North facade, perspective elevation. | North facade, perspective section.
01
02

63
West facade, perspective elevation | West facade, perspective section.

66
#06
Complementary opposites
Rodríguez San Pedro St, Gaztambide, Madrid
Relating opposites and generating a dialogue between extremes is
an idea related to form and space, in one hand we have the rela-
tionship of small-frontages long-depth and large-frontages small-
depth typologies that creates not just a diversity in the dwellings
but also utilize wisely the site, maximizing the ground level perim-
eter, activating the street with retail and opening the upper levels
distance between units.
The structure dictates a combination of two typologies within any
of the varying scales of a building, this is an architecture which ex-
ploits the duality, and more or less resolves dualities into a whole.
The relation between these two typologies define a new in-be-
tween space that holds the amenities on the building and relate to
the internal courtyard as a communal core of activities and also as
a circulation platform
Assistant Professors: Nieves Mestre
Duration: 5 Days
Workshop leader Felix Claus
Casa de las Flores

67
Concept
The ability of complex and contradictory urban parts or individual buildings to form a
certain tension able not only to foster multiple levels of interpretation, but also to form
a greater unity based on the principle of inclusion.
“An architecture that can simultaneously recognize contradictory levels should be able
to admit the paradox of the whole fragment: the building which is a whole at one level
and a fragment of a greater whole at another level” (p.104).
Robert Venturi, The Obligation Toward the Difficult Whole, in: Complexity and Con-
tradiction in architecture, The Museum of Modern Art Papers on Architecture, 1966,
2nd. ed. 1977,
Volumetric Form Spatial Transitions

69
Section of relationships to street and internal courtyard

77
Perspective section / 02 internal garden view
01
KEY PLAN
RETAIL / COMMERCE
RESIDENTIAL
AMENITIES

78
Typology A
KEY PLAN
LEVEL 01
GROUND LEVEL

79
Typology B and C
0 5m4321
0 4321
KEY PLAN KEY PLAN
TYPOLOGY B TYPOLOGY C

80
Inbetween spaces appear as the core of the opposites typologies
Perspective section |View internal garden - grounded vs floating

81
Internal elevation - forms taking advantages of orientation

82
View internal garden 02 - grounded vs floating

83
Internal elevation - forms taking advantages of orientation

84
Section 03 - 116m facade articulation
RL 0.000
Ground Floor Level
RL 3.600
Level 1
RL 6.600
Level 2
RL 9.600
Level 3
RL 12.600
Level 4
RL 15.600
Level 5
RL 18.600
Level 6
550150285030027003002700300270030027005003100
870238062023806202380620238061023805803330

85
Elevation / 02. Site view
Typical external elevation - setback articulation + expresed joint

86
#07
Tsugite
From Barcelona to Copenhagen
A new envelope is assemble to the relocated building as timber is
joint, timber has the condition to build large structures with small
pieces, then the proposal acts in the same fashion.
Wood is one of nature’s most innovative building materials: the
production has no waste products and it binds CO2. Wood has
low weight, but is a very strong load-bearing structure compared
to its lightness. It is also more fire resistant than both steel and
concrete. This is due to 15% of wood mass Being water, which
will evaporate before the wood burns. In addition, logs get charred
which protects the core.
Wood secures a good indoor climate, perfect acoustics, helps reg-
ulating the inside temperature and can be exposed without being
covered with plaster or other costly materials.
Strategies
1. Raft foundations to spread the building loads on the new un-
stable soil location.
2. Concrete cores for lateral stability.
3. Rationalize the current uneven structure to a modular 5 x 5 grid
in laminated timber.
4. A prefabricated balcony space that becomes a heated space, it
is integrated to the thermal envelope and it is part of the dwelling
occupied space achieving a thermal buffer effect.
5. A green roof top
Assistant Professors: David Rutter, Archie Campbell, Diego García-Setien
Duration: 2 weeks
With: Rosario Pastore, Luis Martin
RE-LOCATED, RE-INDUSTRIALIZED,
RE-CONCEPTUALIZED
Specialty leader Ignacio Fernandez Solla
Construction and Technology

87
TSUGITE
A traditional Japanese technique that held wood together without glue, nails
or metal support.

88
OAB-Ferrater & Asociados, Vertix Diagonal Building, Housing in Barcelona, 2007

89
5,03 5,03 5,02 5,32 4,96 3,94
6,133,486,54
A B C D E F G
1
2
3
4
Typical floor plan
1 unit 3 rooms
4 units 2 rooms
1unit 1 room
Mixed structure
Concrete and steel
Site plan
Corner location
Park views
North -south orientation

90
Copenhagen, site characteristics

91
- soil with high sand percentage
- close to the water
- 3.5 km from the city center
- neighborhood Vesterbro
- residential densification area
- district energy supply
- similar edge / corner situation
- water views
- east west orientation

92
Climate analysis, Winter and Summer
winter
-3 0
C / 9 0
C
30/40 mm
confort zone
heating heating
N
O
E
S
21 december
8.41AM - 3.33PM
angle10 0

93
summer
10 0
C / 210
C
50/60 MM
confort zone
no need
cooling
N
O
E
S
21 june
3.30AM - 20.52PM
angle
57 0

94
Method Statement
MANTAINING THE EDGES - EXISTING FORM
12 storey building .
Double skin facade with diagonal edges.
Strong scattered architectural language.
Due to sandy and unstable soil conditions we
proposed raft concrete foundations to spread the
load from the structure of the building
Reinforced concrete cores for lateral stability and
to work as the starting point for the rest of the
structure of the building
A more rational and modular grid is proposed
in CLT. Light, strong, thermal qualities, local
tradition, self finished etc.
Prefabricated winter garden will be modulated to
encapsulate the timber structure creating a buffer
and a extra usable space
RAFT CONCRETE FUNDATIONS
REINFORCED CONCRETE CORES
CLT FLOORS AND SLAB STRUCTURE
WINTER GARDENS

95
Concept
• Rationalized
• Efficient
• Modular
• Valued engineered
• Thermal efficient
• Industrialized
• Architectural language
• Potentialized
Diagrams of advantages
North
Isometric section-box
Sun path and views

96
Yield and Mix
Typologies
6 dwellings per floor
-2 units-3rooms
-3units-2rooms
-1unit-1room
Inhabitants
18 inhabitants per floor
total: 218 inhabitantWs
Prices in Copenhagen
buy housing (per m2
) 2´875€
rent housing (3 rooms) 1´182,36€
Prices in Barcelona
buy housing (per m2
) 5´000€
Salary in Copenhagen
Monthly salary average after taxes (net) 2606,56€

97
Uses
Typologies
Prices
A - 141 m2
405’305€
B - 84 m2
241’500€
C - 112 m2
322’305€
D -166 m2
477’250€
E -103 m2
296’125€
F -164 m2
471’500€
grid structure
5X5
new layer of balconies
3 rooms
1 rooms
2 rooms
A B C
D E F

98
Water Collection
862 M2
522 MM 450000 LT
SURFACE PRECIPITATION ANNUAL
per m2
TOTAL LITERS
SPENDING PER PERSON
per day
INHABITANTS TOTAL LITERS
per day
9 LT 216 1944 LTS
TOTAL LITERS
per year
709,560LTS
63%
SAVED
GENERAL SUPPLY TANK
TREATMENT
OF PLUVIAL
WATER
WC
WATER COLLECTION

99
Heating strategies
DISTRIC ENERGY
t = 80ºC
Heating
exchanger
Heat
recover
-10ºC
-2ºC
t= 22ºC
Dry bulb
temperature
Radiant floor
t=35-40ºC
Comfort zone
BALCONIES
SUMMER
EXTEND OF USING

100
angle
10 0
The balcony space becomes a heated space, it is integrated to the thermal envelope
and it is part of the dwelling occupied space. the cladding should have a high per-
centage of transparent areas, in order to ensure solar heat gains and achieve thermal
buffer effect.

101
Perspective section
-3 0
C / 9 0
C 15 0
C 21 0
C
EXTERIOR BALCONIES INTERIOR

102
Detail of typical floorplan - supported floor joists and main beams
1
3
5 5
10
5
5
10
2
2
4
5
5000 X 5000 mm Grid
Key Plan

103
1. Column 450 X 450 glulam
2. Beams span 5000mm, beam spacing (center to center) 5000mm, glulam grade GL24h
450 x 480 mm
3. Steel Beam
4. Floor joists span 5000, joist spacing (center to center) 1250 mm , glulam grade GL24h
160 x 280 mm
5. Floor sheathing, span 1250 mm, solid timber d=32

104
Envelope, exploted isometric
671514 5121110 13 89 4

105
1. Printed glass screen
2. Glass balustrade
3. Aluminum sliding profile
4. Floor sheeting (thickness 22mm)
5. IPE profile
6. Metal profile cap
7. Corbel beam
8. Steel beam
9. Main beam
10. Floor joist
12. Finished polish concrete topping
13. Window shade
14. Timber column
15. Triple glazing2 13

106
Section | Key plans details
DETAIL
#2
DETAIL
#1

107
5. Waterproof membrane
6. Thermal insulation
14. Main beam
15. Floor joist
16. Floor sheating (thickness 32mm)
17. Radiant floor (pipes)
18. Radiant floor (mortar)
21. Timber column

108
1. Printed glass screen
2. Glass balustrade
3. Aluminum sliding profile
5. Waterproof membrane
6. Thermal insulation
7. IPE profile
8. Timber laminated floor.
9. Corbel beam
10. Steel plate (balcony)
11. Steel plate (slab)
12. Thermal insulation (slab)
13. Steel beam
14. Main beam

109
15. Floor joist
17. Radiant floor (pipes)
18. Radiant floor (mortar)
20. Window shade
21. Timber column
22. Triple glazing
23. Timber-concrete fixings
24. Concrete Wall (core)
25. False ceiling

112
#08
Assistant Professors: Diego García-Setien
Duration: 3 Days
With: Elena Sofia Congiu | Alejandra Delgado
Workshop leader Anne Lacaton
Life of Fluids
Packard Project | PostIndustrial Life | Residential ReHab of Pack-
ard Plant | Detroit, USA
Packard plant represents a moment of industrial success in
Detroit, the lifestyle revolved around productivity in the industry
and the dynamics of daily life responded to this influence; How-
ever, when the industry disappeared, the city went bankrupt,
the population decreased and the neighborhoods remained
empty, being the main problem the unemployment and the low
income of the labor force.
Currently, Detroit is a city that has a high percentage of poverty
which limits access to housing, because there is no affordable
offer that provides a quality solution to the needs of the popula-
tion; The current situation can be summarized in the following
sentence “without further employment, the purchase of housing
will remain a largely unattainable goal” The quality of housing
must be based on the idea of pleasure and the variety of spaces, is
not about a big space or reaching standards but is about being
adapted to the needs and wishes of the community, about the
sensations and the good conditions that I can find in the place I
live. Regarding quality of life, we should think about the quality
of a space but first about how I can afford this space; and this
leads to productivity which generates and income that can allow
the home buying goal. In this scenario, the proposed idea is
about having a housing typology that allows to have the do-
mestic living integrated with the productive living, as recreating
this production chain that originally influenced the life in the
industrial neighborhood of Detroit.
Housing and Reuse. Good conditions of life

113
Project development
From the furniture and the minimum grid to maximize the use of
the building Light - dark relationship Importance of the generic
space. The specialty of each space is defined by the content ,not
by the continent Cells combination brings to different plan con-
formation, having the benefit of a continuous space that allows a
connection between daily activities.
Create the atmosphere: compress to the minimum and dilated
the space to the maximum. What happens when the grid become
physical (compressed spaces) what happens when the grid become
virtual (loft space) : two different ways for experimenting the free-
dom and finally having the minimum space for a function is com-
pensated by one door dedicated to the additional space.

117
External circulation
Regarding the circulation, we wanted to continue to
minimize any major structural gymnastics in the build-
ing so no demolition is proposed.
Rather we proposed two separated structures for the
vertical circulation, one that connects the 2 level units
as a spiral form structure sealed from the exterior
becoming an interior circulation for the units (image
1), and a second structure as a Passarela plus a commu-
nal stair that connect the ground level to the units that
start all level 02(image2).
This idea as a plug-in structure related to the concept
of liberating the floor plan flexibility by removing any
internal circulation in the building therefore any in-
ternal arrangements can be done. Also, it generates a
system of circulation that can be diploid to
the rest of the building typology.

122
#09
Assistant Professors: Alejandro de Miguel Solano
Duration: 5 Days
With: Antonella Perelli, Alejandra Delgado
Workshop leader Alison Brooks
Incubator
Madrid
The Incubator explore the idea of housing as a knowledge pro-
duction where a new typology of housing can emerge as a resilient
model for future multi generation communities.
The existing site has a household demography over 50 years old
and Madrid has the issue of migration of younger people to the
periphery of the city, it is idyllic to propose new opportunities to
change this movement to construct future communities that can
act as symbiotic communities where new ways of sharing can be
adapted, in this case knowledge.
Striving for combining housing and production the incubator
centralizes the productivity area in the core of the dwelling as the
center of the building, not just to access from it but to encour-
age collaboration between the other inhabitants in the building.
Housing then becomes something more, a starting point that sup-
port the idea that communities can share and produce knowledge
combining flexible ways of living.
Ideal formats for future urban life

124
Bring park conditions inside
Activate groundfloor with different uses
Advantage of views
Dwellings position according to sunlight
Different access and connections
URBAN SCALE
Responding to the idea of the masterplan to extend the green
space of the river into the site of the old Mahou brewery, the
building mass is divided into 5 buildings, 3 towers, a small block
and a warehouse that face the river where the new Brewery is
located, allowing pedestrian connectivity from plaza Francisco
Morano and Madrid Rio.
The project acts as a destination point where the city can encoun-
ter the site as a landmark, new active uses like the brewery not
only respond to maintain and respect the site but also to activate
the border of the river, the landscape proposed barley fields to in-
form the beginning of this process and act as a romantic element
that contain the pass of pedestrian.
The new language of the buildings appears as productions tow-
ers hiding the uses in the inside but construct an idea of future
ways of living where anything can happen inside these towers.
Exhaust pipes are provided to each to the units to allow for high
level of production, making and experiment. (produce, inform,
live, grow)
USES
On ground level the project proposes restaurants, coffee shops,
beer tasting bars, bike storages as well as the residential lobbies.
All of it intending to activate the area and contain the interaction
between the local community and the visitors, then the project
becomes a HUB and a destination that form part of Madrid Rio.
On the central courtyard it is the heart of the site, where final
products of startups are exposed, always with the relationship
with the river and the site.

125
View from South, Madrid Río

126
Typical floor plan
BREWERY PROCESS
The project includes a Brewery on ground level facing the river, it has vaulted structure that sits on
the topography. It holds the process of malting, milling, mashing, lautering, boiling, fermenting,
conditioning, filtering, and packaging, all separated in 3 naves that receive visitors and inform
about the memories of this processes on site.
It is a 9x9m grid structure that can be filled with any use or activity in the future, also a resilient
space for the coming generations.

127
Interior view of new Brewery | View from Madrid Rio

128
BUILDING SCALE
The corner site condition comprises tree towers that emerge from the landscape, each with different
height being predominant the one facing paseo de los Melancolicos responding to the scale of the
street, a small typology is also included as a link between the towers, we call this typology SAHA,
small atelier house atelier. SAHA respond to the craft production where double height spaces are
required and work as a display of making to the central plaza of the site.
Each unit has a different size going from 50 to 80sqm giving a range of options for future demand.
A harmonious palette of materials creates a sequence of spaces that are tactile and characteristically
industrial.
Various types of metal were used throughout, including a perforated cooper tubes for the facade,
brass exhaust for the exterior pipes, as well as polished concrete for the interior floor surfaces and
galvanized steel for lobbies and external walls. These materials allowed us to take an innovative
approach to design creating a possible new architecture language, while offering potential for a very
high degree of reuse should the building ever be relocated.

129
Perspective section of the Lab | Top facade

130
Structural concrete walls on the perime-
ter of the dwellings
Polished concrete floor
Lab shaft and risers
Outdoor terrace / production area
Passengers lift and good-lifts for loading
Incubator laboratory
Slab edge and planter box for outdoor
cultivation
100mm Perforated cooped tubes
Brass exhaust pipes

132
Concept diagrams
DOMESTIC SCALE
The Incubator was conceived as set of towers, a small block and a warehouse, each with flexible lay-
outs that lend themselves to the future adaptations and functions of the start-ups inside. A strong
driver was the need for collaboration and interaction between individual start-ups and with each
other, in addition to privacy for each start-up to operate as its own business.
The project develops a way of living where the most center part of the towers is used as Laboratories
communicating the living spaces and grow areas, each with flexible layouts that lend themselves to
the future adaptations and functions of the start-ups inside.
The laboratories work as the access point to the dwellings they can be used for collaboration and
interaction between individual start-ups and with each other, in addition to privacy for each start-
up to operate as its own business.
Living and growing areas are located towards the exterior of the housing thus all dwellings have 180
views. Work and recharge becomes seamlessly where the threshold between them is more tempo-
rary than physical like todays life.
The façade is articulated with a screened exterior space that let you in an in-between space connect-
ed to the context to be able to recharge in a condition of dominating the landscape.
Live + work + produce + recharge….

133
Lab area view | Lab - Typical floor plan
Cross ventilation Three sided view Incubator diagram Dwelling distribution Lab house mix per floor
Lab
Living
Living
Living
Grow
Grow
Grow

134
Atelier Perspective
DOMESTIC SCALE
SAHA Typology
Small Atelier House Atelier is a smaller typology destinated to a more craftsmanship use. a double
height space allowed to manipulate larger elements and manufacturing as well as a feeling to be on
the top floor always as it has an interrupted connection to the sky.

135
Small Atelier House Atelier “SAHA” - Typical floor plan | Diagrams
Cross ventilation Dwelling distribution Lab house mix per floor
Liv
Liv
Atelier
Atelier

136
Lab Typology
[Fig 25] Atelier area

137
Small Atelier House Atelier “SAHA” - Typical floor plan

138
#10
Workshop leader Hrvoje Njiric
Threshold
village of El Atazar
Since architects in the last century have been mostly focused on
the city, a concern on inhabiting the countryside has remained
very limited. Statistically, 50% of the world population still lives
in the rural conditions and thus it is relevant to focus on these
issues as well. Furthermore, we can trace an exodus of urban
population toward the rural alternatives, motivated by radically
different living conditions, by the economy of giving over their
city dwellings to tourists and by the possibility to pursue the
dream of an Arcadian welfare. We shall take this notion as a
point of departure for our exercise and observe various durations
of this voluntary drawback, be it for a weekend, for the summer
or, fed up of urban frenzy, even permanently.
The Threshold explore the act of living in Altazar, a small village
north of Madrid. The project develops through the design of the
masterplan in a way of massaging the topography to build a way
of living where proximity and remoteness build the experience of
the place.
Assistant Professors: Diego Garcia-Setien
Duration: 5 Days
With: Manuel Sanchez
Slow Living
Inhabiting the Countryside

140
Masterplan | Site oportunities

141
Collage sense of space | Perspective section

142
Site conditions | Floor plan type A

144
Initial Croquis | Internal perspective

146
Duration: 2 weeks
With: Miguel Ángel Valverde, Manuel Sanchez
#11
Vertical Playground
Plaza de la Luna, Madrid
The project explore the approach to Urban design with multiples
layers not only in terms of analysis but throught the physical
elements.
The intent is to mitigate the problem of heat island on the exist-
ing Plaza de la Luna and also bring back the vision like Children’s
Games (Pieter Bruegel) to the city.
The idea is to elevate the quality of space by proposing a 3
dimensional structures that can work as a support for greenery
to generate a micro-climate, a support for cultural events, a play-
ground, a satellite library, a place to live.
OPEN SPACE
Specialty leader José María Ezquiaga
Urban design workshop

147
Children’s Games (Pieter Bruegel)
The artist’s intention for this work is more serious than simply to compile an illustrated encyclopaedia of
children’s games, though some eighty particular games have been identified. Bruegel shows the children ab-
sorbed in their games with the seriousness displayed by adults in their apparently more important pursuits.
His moral is that in the mind of God children’s games possess as much significance as the activities of their
parents

148
Site Location | Plaza de LaLuna | Madrid

150
Concept diagrams | Exploted Axo
1
2
3
4
1. Steel Structure
2. Catwalk steel floor
3. Concrete structure +program
and vertical circulation
4. New topography Banks

151
Floor plan | Site plan
Divided space | Contimuous space Heat island | Microclimate proposal

153
Axo
Rooftop cafe Mid-Terrace Playground Access to terrace Access lift Satelite library Connection

154
Photomontage coming from Gran via

155
Green wall Structure detail

158
#12
The Ribbon
Carabanchel, Madrid
Fed up with the image, the significance and the arrogance of the
buildings of housing in the cities, bored of irresponsible monu-
mentality, of unwary form and the monotonous repetition of the
constructed, we propose a different register look on the housing
project.
It would be possible to send the housing project to new condi-
tions of living, in which the city as collective space and sociabili-
ty space complements and even replaced elements and conditions
from traditional domesticity.
If the collective housing is porous it is not only for a strictly for-
mal condition but also for the evidence of technological connec-
tions that make it permeable. The dwellings are transparent from
the technological viewpoint, controlled through multiple devices
whose uses, unsuspecting, bring us closer to a society uniformed
to exhaustion.
In any case and in front of the set of relationships that occur
in the network, to the theory of virtual sociability, it is possi-
ble to continue pursuing on building a close physical relations
society and therefore complement these two societies that offer
us advantages together. The community as a basis of collective
solidarity does not exclude technological transparency society.
Perhaps it is possible to affirm that new collective and commu-
nity housing serves as a ethical basis for a new commitment to
society. The new housing builds as chain of solidarity.
Assistant Professors: Gabriel Wajnerman
Duration: 5 Days
With: Laura Soto | Melina Holtz | Carlos Chauca
Workshop leaders Canovas - Amann - Maruri
Intermediate States

159
We are in an intermediate state, as it has always been, in a situa-
tion of strange lack of definition. We have produced, in the devel-
oped societies, a space and building of high quality standards and
we keep repeating until be feed up that liberal creed.
We propose a reflection not on supposedly private part of housing
but on those places in which occurs the sociability: The Intermedi-
ate States. Thus the entry halls, stairs, garages, roofs, those second
places that appear as a waste of the stacking of housing units can
become, within the reflection of new uses, in a fuze to reset ob-
solete buildings. In the same manner hallways, lofts, thresholds,
lobbies and galleries... places of passages and again waste, can also
become a potential transformer. What is not thought, what is dis-
carded, useless, the despicable... What a good stuff to work with!

160
Building Analysis
Independent housing units Central courtyard
Slabs Terraces + Access

Francisco Espinosa_MCH2018_Chile_Australia

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