Just War Research Paper

Just War Research Paper
Just War
The Catholic Faith has certain doctrines about the concept of war. This doctrine states that a war
must be just; one must do everything possible to avoid war. Even when all means were taken to
bypass war, there are some matters when force is necessary to correct one's manifest injustice.
Therefore, war is permitted if there are no other ways to resolve the conflict, but must abide by these
conditions:
"All other means of putting an end to it must have been shown to be impractical or ineffective"
"There must be serious prospects of success"
"The use of arms must not produce evils greater that the evils to be eliminated"
Conquest History China first conquered Vietnam in 111 BC when the Chinese expanded their Han
Empire south into the Vietnamese kingdom of Nam Viet. China's incentive was to gain Vietnam's
abound amount of mineral wealth and fertile soil for rice growing and other produce. Over the time
Vietnam was ruled by the Chinese, the politics weren't always stable. This gave the Vietnamese a
transient glimpse of self–government, but the Chinese never failed to return. In 618 CE, the Tang
dynasty became popular ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Then, during July of 1857, Napoleon III of France made the decision to invade Vietnam. In 1882,
France invaded North Vietnam. The French forced the Vietnamese Emperor to accept the
establishment of the French over North and Central Vietnam in 1883. (INTERNAL CITATION)This
acceptance gave France all power over North and Central Vietnam. France brought with them
western culture, education, and religion, and for the first time incorporated Christianity with the
Vietnamese people. Some Vietnamese accepted their role as French subjects more quickly than
others. Some did not accept this at all, this caused them to fight back with hit–and–run–attacks.
Modern Vietnam, the one we know today, was created and influenced by French colonialism. By
1887 the French had full control over
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Role Of Racial Tension And The Consequence Of...
John Dower takes a look at the role of racial tension and the consequence of reconstruction and
military policy in the Pacific theater of World War II. These racial tensions in World War Two were
not confined to the tensions between Nazi Germany and European Jewish persons. These feelings
were spread between other European groups, the United States, and Asian countries. The racial
feelings that lay between Japan and the United States was readily displayed through various
mediums, which include propaganda film, written documentation, and cartoons. Military and public
figures were also documented expressing these views of racial inferiority.
Part one of Dower's book goes through ideas before, during and after World War II. Starting off ...
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The Japanese, though, had a similar facade covering their actions in Asia. Prior to World War II,
there was a number of colonial settlements in Asia to which were controlled by Western Allies. "In
the highly publicized Assembly of the Greater East Asiatic Nations convened in Tokyo in November
1943, a succession of Asian leaders voiced support for Japan and placed the war in East–versus–
West, Oriental–versus–Occidental, and ultimately blood–versus–blood context"(6). The war
appeared to be a way for Asian leaders to gain control over their own lands again; however, Japan's
behavior towards other Asians caused for a lose of support in their growth. the Japanese became
"dominating the political scene, taking over local economies, imposing broad programs of
"Japanization," slapping non–Japanese in public, torturing and executing dissidents, exploiting
native labor so severely that between 1942 and 1945 the death toll among such workers numbered in
the hundreds of thousands" (7). Though moving across the continent under ideals of a "free Asia,"
the Japanese were also moving with the ideal of imperialism and cultural superiority.
During the war, propaganda that was used to drive home stereotypes of each cultural group. "On the
part of the Japanese , this involved singling out the emphasis placed on individualism and profit
making in the Western tradition, and presenting this as proof positive that Westerners were

Yamato Research Paper
Japan has become urbanized throughout the years and has a high population density. In 1999, the
population in Japan was near 127,000,000 and the population has grown over the last 150 years.
Japan has the highest life expectancy rate in the world. The official language in Japan is Hyojungo.
Japan is known as the "Land of the Rising Sun" also called Nihon or Nippon. The national identity
of Japan has been known to come from neighboring countries but Japan adopted their own. Yamato
is the term used to separate the Chinese national ideologies from the Japanese. The national identity
is symbolized by icons and motifs such as cherry blossoms, the red and white national flag
portraying the rising sun and the chrysanthemum. Japans many warships is ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The emergence of the Japanese nation begun with its own journey, in 8000 B.C.E. which was the
Jomon period. The Jomon period consisted of Neolithic hunters and gatherers, which then led to the
Yayoi period. The Yayoi period began in 300 C.E.– 794, it was a period of cultural contact with
migration from the Asian mainland. During 794– 1185 C.E., the Japanese classical civilization
progressed in the Heian period. The Heian period introduced economic, social, and military power
shifts. The Heian period introduced Buddhism and this is when Japan encountered the Chinese
cultivation. Agricultural technology, written languages, poetry, architecture, and medicine and law
was introduced also. The imperial state was created for the Japanese to live by the Chinese
civilization. The Kamakura period begin in 1185 throughout 1333 which is when Shogun was
appointed supreme military commander. The warrior culture was created and the following periods
were characterized by this culture. The development of martial arts, Zen Buddhism, and the warrior
life of Bushido was established to the Japanese. The medieval period consisted of the Kamakura,
Muromachi, and Azuchi–Momoyama period and this is when culture was established. The medieval
period ended with the introduction of Western weaponry and the civil war ended by the
consolidation of

The Threat Of The Korean War
Prior to the outbreak of the Korean war, US secretary of state Dean Acheson, declared that the US
had no interest in Korea as it had no geopolitical significance. Korea having been divided after
WWII as a result of Japanese occupation, was occupied in the northern half by Chinese communist
forces. Following Acheson 's decleration that the US did not posess interest in the Korean
pennisnular, the North Korean Communist government in Pyongyang orchestrated an attack on
Southen Korea. North Korean forces, backed by the Soviet Union, outgunned the weaker and ill
prepared South Korea, pushing them to retreat to the city of Pusan on the southern shore of the
Korean peninsular within a few months. In response to this attack the United Nations Security
Council condemned the attack as a breach of peace, subsequently the United Nations called on all of
the nations to intervene to restore peace to the region. In line with the Truman Doctrine, which
called for the defence of nations whose independence is threatened. At the time both concervative
and liberal policy makers decided that the Soviet push into Southern Korea was threatening to
spread communism as well as great threat to American efforts to democratise Japan. The US
government feared that if the Soviet Union was not halted in their expansion that there would be a
threat to American democracy. In order to combat this growing threat the National Security Council
Paper NSC–68, a top secret paper sought to outline the US foreign

The Effects Of Western Imperialism In Japan
In July 1937 the Japanese Military invaded China through the Northern region of Manchuria. This
event was named the Marco Polo Incident and sparked the Second Sino–Japanese War, it was
caused by Japan's desire for self–sufficiency after their economy was crippled by the global
depression. This will be argued through the analysis of the effects of Western Imperialism and
Global depression on Japan's economy, and increased expansionism and militarism in Japan. One of
the earlier influences on Japan's decision to invade China was the effect of western imperialism.
During the Meiji reform, Western Imperialism heavily influenced Japan and their country changed
dramatically within those 44 years. From the success of their reform they began to develop ... Show
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Through intimidation and assassination of important Japanese figures, the extremists became
increasingly influential in Japan and took control of the military. On September 18th, 1931 the
Kwantung Army's extremists took action without the approval of the government and seized the
town of Mukuden in Manchuria, after a bomb misfire. When Prime Minister Inukai tried to
intervene to bring the military back under the control of the government, he was assassinated by
naval officers.11 The assassination of the prime minister demonstrated that the government had lost
control over the militarists. The militarists realized that they held more influence and power than the
government. This resulted in the Kwantung army believing that they were stronger than any of their
oppressors, and no longer required the approval of their imperials government to act.12 The military
adapted an elitist mindset in addition to their extremist mindset. This change in attitude and
perspective influenced their plans on invading Manchuria, after the invasion of Mukuden they went
on a full conquest of

Battle Of Midway: Pacific Theater Of World War II
The Battle of Midway was a crucial and decisive naval battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II.
[6][7][8] Between 3 and 7 June 1942, only six months after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor and one
month after the Battle of the Coral Sea, the United States Navy under Admirals Chester Nimitz,
Frank Jack Fletcher, and Raymond A. Spruance decisively defeated an attacking fleet of the
Imperial Japanese Navy under Admirals Isoroku Yamamoto, Chuichi Nagumo, and Nobutake Kondo
near Midway Atoll, inflicting devastating damage on the Japanese fleet that proved irreparable.
Military historian John Keegan called it "the most stunning and decisive blow in the history of naval
warfare."[9]
The operation, like the earlier attack on Pearl Harbor, sought

Continuing The Greater Co Prosperity Sphere Through Oil...
Continuing the Greater Co–Prosperity Sphere Through Oil Independence
1. Addressing the Problem:
Due to the Japanese presence in China during the late 1930s and early 1940s, the United States
embargoed oil exports to Japan as a punishment for interfering with the open trade policy in China.
This embargo was detrimental to the Japanese supply because Japan depended on the US for 80% of
its imported oil. The Japanese also had no significant natural sources of oil in its possession.
Therefore, the oil problem became a crisis as military demands quickly drained Japanese stockpiles.
The Japanese needed to find oil to support its larger dream of establishing the Greater Co–Prosperity
Sphere (GCPS).
The reference point of the Japanese decision ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Nonetheless, Japanese leadership overwhelmingly agreed that the first choice was incompatible with
GCPS and was therefore not a choice to consider.
2. The Alternative Approach:
A more effective approach would have been to appease the Americans in the short–term, while
additionally searching for and quickly mobilizing other sources of oil in order to reduce dependence
on the US. This two–step approach would have been more effective in pursuing the Japanese's
GCPS because the short–term setback would have allowed for the long–term survival of Japan's
plan to become a regional great power. By taking the admittedly high–risk route of attacking Pearl
Harbor, the Japanese significantly constricted the GCPS's chances of survival. In order to obtain
vital amounts of oil for the continuation of Japanese military power, appeasing the Americans by
letting go of China for the time being would have allowed the GCPS to survive another day and to
continue once the country had obtained its own independent source of oil.
a. Appeasing the Americans and Receiving Oil Diplomatically
The appeasement of the Americans would have been feasible with some flexibility and long–term
thinking. Appeasement of the Americans would have required the Japanese to "abandon all, or at
least half, of China," according to Matsuoka Yosuke, an aggressive pro–expansionist advisor who
was the leading advocate for the

Musical Propaganda In Japada Research Paper
Many endeavors had been made by every nation participated in the war to encourage people to
contribute to the war effort. One prominent example is the musical propaganda in wartime Japan. In
particular, the Japanese government used gunka (military song) for the purpose of encouraging
values that convince people to contribute to the Japanese war effort. It is significant to examine the
values that were encouraged by the Japanese musical propaganda and their effects on Japanese
people between 1937 and 1945 because this investigation can reveal the contemporary policy and
strategy of the Japanese government and the sentiments of the Japanese people who were going to
the Sino–Japanese War and the Pacific War. This essay begins by discussing the importance of the
use of musical propaganda to encourage the value of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Lastly, it studies the value of honorable death in the gunka and its contribution to the Japanese war
effort. This essay concludes that the Japanese musical propaganda between 1937 and 1945 affected
the sentiments and actions of Japanese people by encouraging the values of the glory of war,
nationalism and the Emperor, and honorable death through the lyrics. Encouraging the value of the
glory of war was crucial for the Japanese government to justify their actions of entering the war. For
example, the lyrics of a gunka Teki wa Ikuman glorify the actions of the Japanese military: "Choku
wa kyoku ni zo kachiguri" ("Justice must defeat the evil") (slhs0083, "Teki wa Ikuman"). In these
lyrics, the Japanese army is called "justice", the Western powers are called "evil", and the act of the
Japanese army entering the war is called "justice defeating the evil". Through the lyrics, the
government aimed to show the Japanese people that Japan was fighting against the Western
imperialism in order to liberate East Asian countries from colonization (Sandler 859). At

Why Did Japan Enter Ww2
WW2 was sparked by German fascism in September 1939, almost all the country join this war. The
war was started from 1939 to 1945. The war cause million of people injures and dead, different
countries lost more than 50trillions dollars. Japan also join the ww2 and became a fascism in ww2.
First reason why japan join world war 2 was because at that time "The Imperial Government of
Japan entered the war because they saw a unique opportunity for the expansion of their empire into
South East Asia. France and the Netherlands had defeated and occupied by Nazi Germany. The
French colony of Indochina (modern day Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia) had already fallen into the
control of Japan when they forced the Vichy government to allow Japan to station military forces in
Saigon and Hanoi. The Dutch colony of the Netherlands East Indies (modern day Indonesia) was
defenseless since the Dutch colonists did not have the means of expanding their military forces. The
British Empire appeared to be on the brink of defeat at the hands [ 华东康桥国际学校 Kang Chiao
International School ]of the Germans. The British colonies of Malaya, Burma, Sarawak, Brunei, and
North Borneo were very weakly defended because the British were defending their homeland and
engaging the Italians and Germans in North Africa. The Japanese knew []that the British did not
have the ability to defend their colonies. In ad[]dition, the vast [华东康桥国际学校 ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Between 1932 and 1936, admirals ruled Japan. Within government, the idea of the 'Greater East
Asian Co–Prosperity Sphere' emerged. This plan called for Asian unification against western
imperialism under Japanese leadership, leading to Asian self–sufficiency and prosperity. In reality, it
meant an agenda of Japanese imperial domination in the Far East because of the domestic coup in

The Bombing Of Pearl Harbor
In every history textbook, Pearl Harbor was attacked on December 7, 1941. It was a surprise attack
that led the United States into WWII. Japan intended the attack as a preventive action to keep the
U.S. military from interfering with military actions, planning to take over Southeast Asia. The
following day, December 8, the United States declared war on Japan. However, new evidence shows
that this can be false. Researchers had found that the U.S provoked the Japanese into bombing Pearl
Harbor. So, if the textbooks are differentiating from the new evidence, did the U.S provoke Japan
into war?
Many have researched that the U.S did provoke Japan into bombing Pearl Harbor. Japan had no
intentions on declaring war on the United States. The majority of Americans, and even servicemen,
were unaware of what was going on behind the scenes, but not all were. According to Robert Higgs,
"Franklin D. Roosevelt was charged in engaging into war since 1939." Without Franklin Roosevelt
hostility towards the Japanese, Congress and the Americans would have never allowed him to
declare war on Japan or Germany. When Franklin D. Roosevelt became president in 1933, the U.S.
government fell under the control of a man who disliked the Japanese and had a long lasting
relationship with the Chinese. Roosevelt also disliked the Germans, and tended to favor the British
in his personal relation and world affairs. In anticipation of U.S. entering WWII, the British and
U.S. military staffs secretly made

The War Of The Pacific Essay
Karma Richards HH104 6005 November 14, 2016 Title: The War in the Pacific Shortly before 8am
on Sunday 7 December 1941 , the first of two waves of Japanese aircraft launched a devastating
attack on the U.S. Pacific Fleet, moored in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The raid, which came with no
warning and no declaration of war, destroyed four battleships, leaving an additional 4 damaged in
merely two hours. The attack destroyed 188 US aircraft, killed more than 2,400 Americans, and
injured another 1,200 . Although remembered as "the day that will live in infamy", the exact reason
behind the attack on Pearl Harbor still remains unknown. Some believe that the Japanese were
galvanized by Germany to attack the United States because of the assumption that the United States
would be unable to concentrate all of its resources toward the fight with Japan. Germany desired
assistance in the fight during World War II and, because of that, nearly guaranteed the United States'
defeat if Japan attacked. On the other side, it is believed that the Japanese prompted the Pacific war
with the attack on Pearl Harbor in order to eliminate their primary competitor for resources in the
Pacific and fulfill its destiny of creating a "greater East Asian co–prosperity sphere" . Although the
United States had begun a late rearming in the 1930s, the Japanese remained convinced that in a
naval battle, their ships, planes and personnel were just as modern and plentiful, if not better than
what the United States had

Propaganda In WW2
After the bombing of Pearl Harbor from Japan on December 7, 1941. American President Franklin
Roosevelt declared a former declaration of Allied war aims with British prime minister Winston
Churchill. Japan intended the bombing of Pearl Harbour to cripple America from interfering with
their plans of the Greater East Asia Co–Prosperity Sphere. Pearl Harbour was a military camp filled
with ships and planes, the bombing destroyed many valuable equipment and many soldiers were
killed and injured. The United States shared many goals with Britain and Russia to defeat Germany,
while acting defensive against Japan. The propaganda made by the General Motors Company was
used to encourage the public to produce more goods and funds to the war efforts. Propaganda
posters ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Both of them are on top of the earth, staring fiercely at America. The caption says "Warning!', "Our
homes are in danger now!", and "Our job keep em firing". The propaganda was used to persuade the
public to support the Allies to defeat the Axis, which is portrayed as the devious looking Japanese
soldier and Adolf Hitler in the poster. The term "Our job keep em firing" was to encourage
Americans to save their leftover materials such as paper or metal, so that they can be salvaged to
produce military goods. It also encouraged people to buy War Bonds, which is an investment that
the public makes to the government. Since the production of military goods is expensive, war bonds
were used to help cover these expenses. The poster might encourage people to enlist in the military
because of how threatening the Japanese soldier, and Adolf Hitler looks. People might have a sense
of patriotism to defend their own nation from threats. The authors ideology from the propaganda is
that in order for the Axis powers to be defeated, people have to support the military efforts as much
possible to counter this

World War II: Pacific Theater Overview and Japanese...
World War II: Pacific Theater Overview and Japanese Cruelty Starting in the early 1930's, the
Japanese began to display their great imperialistic dreams with ambition and aggression. Their goal
was to create a "Greater East Asia Co–prosperity Sphere" where they controlled a vast empire in the
western Pacific.1 In September of 1939, Japan signed the Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis Treaty, allying
themselves with Germany and Italy in an effort to safeguard their interests in China from the Soviet
Union. Japan's only major obstacle left lay in the significant size of the United States Pacific Fleet.
To rid themselves of this, Japan attacked the United States Pacific Fleet in hopes of crippling it
enough to prevent any further hindrance from the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Admiral Nagumo's task was to incapacitate the US so Japan could win a war against them before
American industry could come back and defeat Japan. Without the US fleet present, Japan could
carry out its goal of establishing a sphere of influence free from heavy opposition.3 The mission was
only a partial success because although all eight US battleships were damaged or sunk, the two US
aircraft carriers present in the Pacific Ocean were not in Pearl Harbor that day. With these two
capital ships, and various supporting ships, the US would defend itself from a total defeat until it
could recuperate from its losses and wage an offensive that would crush the Japanese military. But,
immediately following the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, Japan controlled the Pacific and
conquered a few more territories before the US could rebuild its navy and fight back.4 After Pearl
Harbor, Japan jumped on the Southern Resources region of Malaya and the Netherlands East Indies
in the South Pacific where oil fields lay that would fuel Japan's war machine. They later took the
American occupied islands of Wake, Guam, and the Philippines. The Japanese Imperial Navy made
several victories in the South Pacific against the much smaller American Asiatic Fleet,

Short-Term Effects Of The Attack On Pearl Harbor
The attack on Pearl Harbor was on the 7th of December 1941. This was an unexpected military
attack that was conducted by the Imperial Japanese Navy, which was against the United States naval
base in Pearl Harbor, in the United States Territory of Hawaii. The short terms effects are the loss of
naval bases, air forces and also is the amount of people that were killed during this attack. The long–
term effect was how the Japanese got America involved due to this event that then led to World War
II.
The causes of the attack at Pearl Harbor restricted from increasing the Japanese–American conflict
in the Pacific. Also Japan's imperial ambitions had been obvious from as early as 1931, when they
invaded Manchuria. The dominated region's open–handed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
It was estimated that there were roughly around 2,403 American's killed as well with 1,200
wounded/injured. (Quotes– Japanese Admiral Yamamoto: (before the attack) "If I am told to fight
regardless of consequences, I shall run wild considerably for the first 6 months or a year but I have
utterly no confidence for the second or third years".) (Quote 2 – US Navy Admiral "Bull" Halsey:
(after the attack) "Before we're through with them the Japanese language will be spoken only in
hell". Because of the attack on Pearl Harbour, the amount of buildings that was lost due to the Pearl
Harbor bombing. Likewise several naval bases were lost, as well as hospitals, houses etc.
Additionally Government buildings including the Iolani Palace were turned into military offices.
Then Military courts replaced the civil courts and military law was the law of the land for both
civilians and military recruits.
The Hawaiian Islands were essentially turned into one large military base. Also all the Japanese
owned businesses were shut down. Local police, FBI and Army arrested many residents who were
considered

Fumimaro Konoe's Invasion Of China
Between 1031 and 1937, the Japanese army had invaded Manchuria and created a demilitarized
zone in east Hubei and a Mongolian puppet state around Charchar and fought with Chinese in
Shanghai. Fumimaro Konoe became prime minister in mid–1937, but the army which had
conducted the war largely independently had taken over many position within the government. In
China, Chiang Kai Shek, realizing he would have little support from the Leauge of Nations,
strengthened the relationship with Nazi Germany to improve his armies. And with war loaming, he
had united many of the warlords and communists into a united front. But some like the Guangxi
Clique and Shanxi ran virtually independent states. And Xin Jiang was in a state of war and under
Soviet influence. Plus, after years of war, China's army was left weak. But in early 1937, Japanese
soldiers, who had conducted military exercises outside Beijing for decades, exchanged fire with
Chinses soldiers. The Japanese army responded to this, the Marco Polo bridge incident, with a full–
scale invasion without support from Konoe. Within month they quickly captured Beijing and
Tianjin, crushed a mutiny in Hubei and continued South to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The Japanese then captured Namking, the capital of China in December and, over the next month
carried Rape of Nanking, killing and raping hundreds of thousands. They split their conquests into
puppet regimes and continued onto the new Chinese capital, Wuhan. To delay their advance, the
Chinese flooded the Yellow River. This however killed many Chinese and devastated the region.
This controversial tactic encouraged many to join the communists and didn't even stop the Japanese
from taking Wuhan in October 1938. The war lord of Sic Huan, Lie Xian, had died earlier in the
year so the KMT moved their capital to Chongqing, ending the autonomy of the

American Foreign Policy During the Interwar Period. in...
Analytical essay: Read A People and a Nation Ch. 26 and discuss American foreign policy during
the Interwar Period. In this essay, one should address the following:
1. US relations with Europe and Latin American during the Interwar Period.
2. The causes of the Second World War and the American response to this war.
3. The reasons for US entry into the Second World War. Early on American foreign policy was
shaped by President Wilson's rejection of
internationalism following WWI. Also the continuing quest for economic expansion by American
business. President Harding had dismissed America's role in the League of Nations and refused the
Treaty of Versailles. Afterwards Presidents Harding and Coolidge who both didn't have ... Show
As Europe rushed into war the U.S. decided not
to aid Poland, Britain or France. Roosevelt wanted to help the nations who opposed Hitler but didn't
want to go to war. He even declared the U.S. neutral when Germany invaded Poland. The Third
Neutrality Act of 1939 allowed any nation to buy weapons from the United States, but Roosevelt
knew that the British navy would deny the Germans access. Roosevelt was shaping Americas
neutrality. Hitler withdraw from the League of Nations, stop paying reparations, and rearm. He then
marched back into the Rhineland in 1936. The Rome–Berlin Axis was formed in 1936, and
Germany
and Japan joined in the Anti–Comintern Pact. Britain and France went for appeasement, letting
Hitler
get away with supporting Franco in the Spanish Civil War (1936 – 1939), and take over parts of
Czechoslovakia (Munich Conference). Hitler then signed the Nazi–Soviet Pact in 1939, and started
looking at Poland, which Britain and France vowed to defend. So on September 1, 1939, when
Hitler

launched an attack against Poland, WWII began. During the 1930s, we refused to open diplomatic
relations with the USSR. Than trade began to fall, and business leaders wanted access to new
markets, Roosevelt granted the USSR recognition. But relations then deteriorated,

Comfort Women Chapter Summary
The Comfort Women Japan's Brutal Regime of Forced Prostitutes in the Second World War by
George Hicks
During the plight of Pacific War, Japan's Imperial Army were victorious in the their expansion
towards Southeast Asian nations, utilizing the notion of the Greater East Asia Co–prosperity sphere
as a propagandistic tool that emphasized "Asia for Asians." In proposing the Greater East Asia Co–
prosperity sphere, Japan obtained the role as a leader of Asia. Possessing a superior role over Asia
that emphasized the discrepancy between Japan and the other, which has been noted since the Sino–
Japanese War in 1894–1895. Japanese soldiers exerted their dominance with atrocities such as
murdering and raping civilians; therefore, Japanese soldiers were associated as victimizers. Even
before World War II, Comfort women were victims that experienced sexual exploitation by Japanese
men. Women were lured or captured into an "officially–organized system of rape by the Imperial
Japanese Forces." Korean women were among a group who were subjected into sex slaves;
however, women from other Japanese occupied territories were also inclined to ... Show more
However, the book tends to abruptly draw comparison to a different country, narrative, or
timeframe, which can be confusing. In addition, if one has prior knowledge of East Asian history or
comfort women, one would grasp the reason why the organized system of rape exist and how this
system constructed on the reputation of comfort women; otherwise, someone who does not know
about comfort women, would not know how the system of rape came to be. In other words, the
author is unclear of how the Japanese government initiated this plan of action. Overall, the author
conveyed the impact of Japanese atrocities on the victims who survive and presents their

U.S. Free Trade with China Essay
U.S. Free Trade with China Sino–American relations have always been characterized as complex
and tumultuous. Presently, the United States must reach a decision that would drastically affect the
politics, environments, militaries, technology, and most importantly the economies of both nations.
This problem the United States must face is whether it ought to allow China's entry into the World
Trade Organization. There is much hesitation in taking such steps as American protectionists are
weary of a nation whose expanding economy could further "Chinese influence in American politics
as a result of Donorgate; continued doubts about Beijing's dismal human rights record; and worries
about the U.S. trade imbalance with China– ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
mi.), not including Nationalist China, known officially as the Republic of China (Butler/Encarta
1996) The formation of the Chinese Weltanschauung (world view) can be explained, in part, by the
historical and political evolution of China as it emerged from semi–colonial subservience. At the
beginning of the twentieth century, China was a weak and divided country under the corrupt rule of
the Manchu dynasty. Exploited by the so–called "open door," China had been subjected to the
degradation of imperialism and the spheres of influence imposed by the major Western powers,
including Japan. As a consequence of foreign economic penetration and intervention, one of the
main currents of Chinese political thought that emerged was a distinct xenophobia that resented any
foreign involvement in Chinese affairs. Not only were foreign values and culture rejected, but this
was paralleled by a reaffirmation of Chinese nationalism. The various strains of political thought
that combined to form the ideological fabric of the PRC cannot be fully understood without first
examining the historical background that led to the Chinese Communist state in 1949. The induction
of the Communist government in 1949 set a groundwork for Chinese history; in a remarkably short
period of time radical changes were effected in both the Chinese economy and society. Since the
1970s, China has forsaken its self–imposed isolation from the international community and has
sought

Assess the Impact of the War on Civilians in Territories...
Assess the impact of the war on civilians in territories occupied by Japan in South–East Asia.
There was a significant detrimental impact of the war upon the civilians of occupied territories in
South East Asia. The Japanese intended the Greater East Asian Co Prosperity Sphere (GEACPS) to
be a united zone of mutual co–operation promoting economic development, social and political
freedom from western imperial domination. However, the reality of the GEACPS was really a
facade and a mere justification for Japanese military expansion. This had a detrimental economic,
social and political effect on the civilians of South East Asia. As the war progressed economies
became stripped of resources which led to famines. This suppression would lead ... Show more
Consistent with Japanese propaganda the nationalist leaders held belief that Japan was "the leader,
protector and light of Asia". However, this perception of liberation from colonial rule was a façade
as the civilians of occupied nations experienced harsher treatment under the Japanese than they did
under the colonial authorities.
The tight control of the Japanese Army promoted resistance from the civilians of South East Asia.
This occurred in areas of strategic importance for the Japanese. Starvation and brutality towards
civilians in territories led to outbreaks of political violence and strong resistance. The civilians of
Malaya met the Japanese forces with strong resistance in the form of guerilla warfare and sabotage
to capture Japanese outposts and encourage social revolution. As Falk argues the Japanese
responded to the networks of resistance by 'drawing out forces and firing on them unexpectedly',
leading to the death of over 50,000 people in Malaya. It is evident that the increase in political
violence led to a considerable amount of occupied death in territories of South East Asia.
Political violence and strong resistance to Japanese occupation caused a devastating social impact in
South East Asia. A measure of control implemented by the Japanese was the use of slave labour.
Slave labour had a profound social impact in Burma and the Dutch East Indies, contributing to
millions

The Bombing Of Pearl Harbor Was Avoidable Or Not
Many can argue whether the bombing of Pearl Harbor was avoidable or not. There was different
importance for the U.S. and Japan when it came to foreign and domestic policies. They both
assumed so much negative assets about each other, they made themselves believe their intentions
were no good and therefore it was not possible to avoid the attack made upon the United States.
Even though they started as allies they both wanted different things and never had an agreement.
The one thing that they both wanted was control and dominance in the Pacific. Japan was thirsty for
power after the First World War. If they had power in the Pacific they would have ownership of raw
materials, which means they would not have to pay anything to have access to them. The Japanese
were determined to make this an accomplished goal. The beginning of Japans and Chinas problems
can be traced back to the invasion of Manchuria. In 1931the Japanese invaded Manchuria which part
of China and renamed it Manchukuo. This was the start of it all and the reason for the Sino–
Japanese War. The Sino–Japanese was lasted until the end of the Second World War (Iriye 4). When
China made the decision to take on Japan, other countries got involved, the United States being one
of them, who took the Chinese side under Chiang Kai–shek. The Japanese had a slogan: "the Great
East Asian Co–Prosperity Sphere" which frightened the United States (Iriye 7). Just because the
U.S. was known to be the

The Existence of Tensions Between USA and Japan in the...
The Existence of Tensions Between USA and Japan in the Pacific Before 1940
In 1918 when the First World War was over, after which America had sent two million troops to help
Britain and France, many Americans wanted America to withdraw from world affairs.
At this time Woodrow Wilson president of the U.S.A wanted a League of Nations to prevent further
wars but in 1920 congress rejected to join the League of Nations and so president Wilson lost the
election.
America now cut them selves of from any other country going into a period of isolationism.
In 1935 congress passed a neutrality act which banned the sale of arms to a belligerent country, this
meant that with war in Europe progressing, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At the turn of the century America was one of the worlds biggest industries and so America had a
vision that they could make their empire expand by taking China a country where 400 million
peasants lived permanently on the brink of starvation, yet America saw it as a huge market for
American products.
So to make sure trade with china would grow the Americans developed a policy known as the 'open
door' policy, this meant that china would stay independent.
Japan had a large population living on four small islands; they were short of food and raw materials.
But Japan wanted to be known as the Greater East Asia Co–prosperity Sphere but to do this they
needed to invade china.
But it was Japan, and not Germany that brought the USA into the Second World War. In the 1930's
Japan had gained control of parts of Northern China (Manchuria) and in 1940 Japan took over
French Indo–China and now Japan had the largest fleet in the Pacific than the British and Americans
together.
In September 1940 Japan formed an alliance with Germany and Italy the anti–soviet act. They then
marched into South East Asia. America's source of oil, rubber and tin were now being threatened.
The USA insisted that Japan remove their troops from China and South East Asia, but they refused.
So in retaliation America stopped shipping oil, which could be used for war.

War seemed

Western Imperialism In Japan
The Transformation of Imperialism in Japan (Imperialism; kominka, moe, "100 Year War")
Imperialism is a system of extending a country's power and influence to other countries, normally
through colonization and use of military force. Imperialism had spread to Japan from the West in the
19th century. In the Bakumatsu period, Western imperialism spread to Japan, and the Western
nations forced Bakufu to open the country by advanced military and weapons. It was the beginning
of the Japanese government fought against Western imperialism. Later, in the Meiji period, the Meiji
government established the Meiji Restoration to build a strong economy and military, which
signified the establishment of the Japanese imperialism. Later then, the Japanese

Battle Of Midway Research Paper
What was the Battle of Midway? Who was it between? Who won the battle? What was the cause of
the battle? The Battle of Midway was fought between Japan and the U.S. The Doolittle Raid made
Japan think their perimeter security was weak ("The Battle of Midway"). They wanted to avenge the
bombing of Japanese home islands, fix the hole in their Eastern defensive perimeter from the U.S.
control of Midway, finish the US Pacific Fleet, and take Hawaii (Morgenthau and Tuerkheimer).
Japan decided to attack Midway in order to get the U.S.A out of the Pacific and strengthen their
border. At 4:30 a.m. on June 4, 36 Japanese fighter planes and bombers attacked Midway (Krasner
28). The outcome of the battle was worse for Japan than it was for the U.S. The ... Show more
When the Battle of Midway was won by the U.S., FDR was able to assist Britain when Germany
invaded them. Midway saved the decision by the Americans and British to focus their major effort
against Germany (Morgenthau and Tuerkheimer). The U.S. was able to send Britain 300 Sherman
tanks and artillery. If the U.S. had not sent the tanks, Rommel would have won and Britain would
have been occupied by German military (Morgenthau and Tuerkheimer). The Japanese crippled the
Pacific Fleet, driven Britain's Royal Navy out of the Indian Ocean, and threatened to link up with
the Germans in the Middle East. If Japan and Germany met up, they would have cut British and
American supply line through Iran to the Soviet Union, and pull the British and French colonies in
the Middle East into the Axis orbit. If that happened, Britain may lose control of the Eastern
Mediterranean and the Soviet Union might have negotiated an armistice with Germany (Lambert).
Though they seem unrelated, the Battle of Midway did in fact help defeat Hitler. While Japan and
America were fighting at Midway, Hitler was attacking Great Britain. After the U.S. won the battle,
they were able to turn their attention towards Great Britain and Hitler and help Great Britain defeat

How Did Kokoda Become Immortalised
Australia's Kokoda campaign (July–October) during the Second World War (1939–1945) was the
most significate campaign in Australia's history but in the overall war it had little impact on the
defeat of the Japan or Germany. Japan at its peak in the Second World War controlled of 51,000,000
〖Km〗^2 of territory. Japan during World War two was the greatest threat that Australia has had to
its security and safety so Kokoda has become immortalised in Australian culture because it was our
response as a country to this threat but there were more important battles fought though out the war
which in comparison make Kokoda insignificant to the war.
Kokoda was an insignificant campaign that didn't have a major impact on the result of the war in
comparison to the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
D–Day was the Allied invasion of German occupied France that was a major factor in the German
defect. D–Day was the largest invasion fleet ever and the campaign created a second front which
made the Germans split their resources between the west and east front. The Allies and Germanys
suffered around 425,000 casualties during D–day. Operation Barbarossa was the German invasion of
the Soviet Union which started on 22th of June 1941. The initial invasion took the Soviet leaders by
surprise. The invasion had stalled because of the Russian winter which caused the German tanks and
other vehicles to get bogged. Germany had invasion had failed to end the USSR and they were
pushed back which helped create a two front war. The Germanys suffered 775,000 deaths and the
Soviet Union suffered more than 800,000 deaths in

The Attack On Pearl Harbor
The Attack on Pearl Harbor "Yesterday, December 7th, 1941 – a date which will live in infamy – the
United States was suddenly and deliberately attacked." This was the statement that shocked the
entire nation on December 8th, when President Franklin D. Roosevelt calmly addressed the nation
on the events that unfolded in Hawaii. He, along with the rest of the U.S., knew what had to be
done: they had to forego their neutrality if they ever wanted to get revenge on the Japanese for
killing and injuring a couple of thousand naval officers and every single battleship in Pearl Harbor.
Leading up to the events at Pearl Harbor, let's talk about the Japanese; they were a rising power in
the East. They renounced the Five Power Treaty they has signed in 1922 along with the US, Great
Britain, France, and Italy, and began building their pathway towards an "Empire of Asia". They
"began an aggressive military build–up in anticipation of expanding its control on Asia" (Tindall,
2013). Sadao Araki, a general in the Japanese military is quoted having said, "It is Japan's mission to
be supreme in Asia, the South Seas and eventually the four corners pf the world." Japanese leaders
called this unquenchable thirst for power the Greater East Asia Co–Prosperity Sphere, or Co–
Prosperity Sphere for short. The Co–Prosperity Sphere was a group of nations in Asia, led by Japan,
who used propaganda to gain members. "The leaders spoke of "Asia for Asians," the need to liberate
Asian countries from

Compare and Contrast Japanese and Western Imperialism in...
Compare and Contrast Japanese and Western Imperialism in Asia and the Pacific
23 October 2013 at 18:10
The Japanese pursuit for an empire in South East Asia helped changed the balance of world power
away from Europe, by taking their most lucrative colonies. Soon after the Japanese defeat in World
War II, most of the colonies won their independence from their European masters. This essay will be
arguing that despite the vast geographical distance and cultural, racial differences, as well as the
different time periods involved, Japanese and European intentions were very similar, and that these
similarities contributed to the weakening of Imperialism as a doctrine. To do so, this essay will be
examining the reasons for the Japanese ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The second problem was the Black Death, which was a bacteria that infected rats. As towns became
over crowded and food became scarce, hundreds of millions of rats migrated to the towns. People
lived with the rats in filthy conditions, allowing the fleas that became infected while infesting the
rats to attack people and infect them too. Some historical sources claim up to 2/3 of Europe's
population were affected and half died. Lastly, European powers were constantly locked in power
struggles such as the 100 Years War between England and France. Thousands were killed or crippled
over sometimes only a few kilometres of territory. These problems all contributed to a chronic
labour shortage. Landowners had too many crops and no–one to harvest them. Peasants and Serfs
tried to take advantage of the situation by trying to implement new conditions, but landowners
refused to lower quotas, even though there were fewer people to meet them. This led to revolt and
some changes were put in place. Landowners started paying wages for the first time. The way
Europe responded to this was by introducing mercantilism. Mercantilism is an economic doctrine
where a country dedicates all its national resources (eg. Natural, labour, industrial etc) on a national
level, unlike within feudalism where it was on a local level. A step towards mercantilism was the
establishment of the absolute monarchies who took control of their

War Without Mercy by Dower Essay
War Without Mercy by Dower In "War Without Mercy", Dower's principle is a surprising one:
Though Western allies were clearly headed for victory, pure racism fueled the persistence and
increase of hostilities in the Pacific setting during the final year of World War II, a period that saw as
many casualties as in the first five years of the conflict combined. Dower does not reach this
disturbing conclusion lightly. He combed through loads of propaganda films, news articles, military
documents, and cartoons. Though his case is strong, Dower reduces other factors, such as the
prolonged negotiations between the West and the Japanese. During World War II, with the alliance
of Germany and Italy made a propaganda campaign of obvious ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Overall, the Why We Fight films reflect the strategic priorities of the U.S. government and focused
primarily on the struggle in the West. A Japanese equivalent to this series is titled The Battle of
China. This was an epic paean to the resistance of the Chinese people against Japan's aggression.
Through all of the destruction and devastation of the Japanese, they come with this counterpoint that
was heightened by a commentary in which Japan's rhetoric of "co–existence and co–prosperity" was
recited while the screen showed the devastation of China's cities and the mutilated corpses of its
men, women, and children. "In the United States and Britain," Dower reminds us, "the Japanese
were more hated than the Germans before as well as after Pearl Harbor. On this, there was no
dispute among contemporary observers. They were perceived as a race apart, even a species apart ––
and an overpoweringly monolithic one at that. There was no Japanese counterpart to the 'good
German' in the popular consciousness of the Western Allies." (8) But there are two answers in the
book that gives us a reason on why there was more hatred towards the Japanese than the Germans.
These are the same Germans that engaged in a systematic genocide against millions of Jews. But
why the Japanese were more hated than the Germans despite the latter's orgy of violence, is surely in
large part racial. It's not a

Rationalist School Of Thought: War Between Japan And The...
a. Challenging the Rationalist School of Thought The rationalist school of thought assumes that war
between Japan and the United States was inevitable. This school also states that the best strategy
was to hit hard and fast. However, this school cannot explain how declaring war on the United
States, by directly attacking US land at Pearl Harbor, was the best route of action for Japan to take
considering the country's most pressing issue at the time: the quickly depleting oil stockpiles.
Choosing to hit Pearl Harbor hard and fast was a bad strategy because Japan did not first gather the
oil resources necessary for such an aggressive foreign policy. Instead, the Japanese chose to
continue and begin attacks and/or invasions in three separate areas before the state had acquired
enough oil to do so successfully. In addition, the rationalist school of thought does not explain the
decision for a direct, versus an indirect, attack on the US. A direct attack on US soil incites a much
larger war than an indirect attack would have. So, if war is inevitable, why make the war as large
and costly as possible?
The most problematic concern with the choice to bomb Pearl Harbor, and thereby directly provoking
the United States into war, is that it ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many senior officers in the Navy believed that their forces were not ready to fight the American
forces at sea. For if the heads of the organizations that would benefit most from war–making are
disinclined from engaging in a war in the first place, militarism cannot have saturated Japanese
society to the point in which the people, those with the most to lose from war, urge the military to a
war it thinks it cannot win in the

To What Extent Did The United States Enter WWII
The United States entered the Second World War because of Pearl Harbor. On December 7th, 1941
the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor in the hope of destroying the United States navy. There was
supposed to be two attacks on Pearl Harbor that day. The first attack was to take out the U.S ships
and airfields. The second attack was supposed to destroy drydocks and oil reserves so that the U.S
can not rebuild the ships. It would have taken the U.S three years to rebuild the ships but Japan did
not carry out the second attack, therefore, the U.S was able to rebuild the ships in six months instead
of three years. On December 8, 1941, the U.S declared war on Japan and in return both Germany
and Italy declared war on the United States.
"December 7, 1941, a date which will live in infamy–the United States of America was suddenly
and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan."(A date which will live in
infamy) This quote is from president Franklin Roosevelt's infamy speech in which he asks congress
to declare war on japan. This can be interpreted as one of the immediate causes for the ... Show
The tension between the two countries started when Japan began expanding in Asia to solve their
problem for the fact that they do not have natural resources of their own. Japan wanted to conquer
all of Asia in the pacific coast so that they can become the Greater East Asia Co–Prosperity Sphere.
The United States did not like Japan's aggressiveness because of the Philippines and when Japan
invaded China the U.S stopped the sale of steel and iron to Japan and demanded that they stop their
attack. When Japan invaded Vietnam the United States placed an oil embargo on Japan and froze all
Japanese credit in the united states. These were the long–term causes of the war because Japan and
the United States did not right away declared war on each other after these

Battle Of Midway Research Paper
Battle of Midway The Battle of Midway between the United States and Japan was one of the most
important naval battles in World War II. Chester W. Nimitz led the United States and Isoroku
Yamamoto led the Japanese navy. It was a turning point in the Pacific war, because this battle was
the first decisive victory for the Allied Forces against the Imperial Japanese Navy. The Battle of
Midway altered the balance of naval superiority, demonstrating the capable power and proficiency
of the U.S. navy. They destroyed Japan's first–line carrier strength and best–trained naval pilots,
which decreased the threat of Japanese expansion in the Pacific (Britannica). The three important
factors that led to the victory of the Battle of Midway included the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Japan had won many other battles after Pearl Harbor and was particularly strong in the Pacific. The
Japanese plan, like the earlier attack on Pearl Harbor, tried to eliminate the United States being the
main ruler in the Pacific. This would give Japan the opportunity to establish its Greater East Asia
Co–Prosperity Sphere. The Japanese hoped that another discouraging lose would force the United
States to surrender in the Pacific War, guaranteeing Japan the dominance in the Pacific (Museum of
Military Memorabilia). Because the Japanese wanted to seize Midway and attack the United States,
Commander Yamamoto Isoroku sent out the Japanese navy including four heavy and three light
aircraft carriers. He ordered the soldiers to occupy and destroy the American fleet and invade
Midway. However, the U.S. intelligence was already aware of Japanese intentions after breaking
their naval code. With this advantage the United States prepared three heavy aircraft carriers. These
ships were placed 350 miles northeast of Midway and awaited the move of Yamamoto's navy. While
the Japanese had no land–based air support, the Americans from Midway and from Hawaii could
perpetrate around 115 land–based planes

Japanese Occupation of Borneo
In 1941, the Second World War broke out in the pacific region. As it was a principal plays of war
between the Allied and Japan in the Pacific Region, it was named as Pacific Ocean Theater. To be
the superior in the Pacific Region, the Japanese need to posses resources in order to have a sufficient
supply & demand to stay in the war. Particularly, the Japanese needs oil resources. As it was for oil
resources that their wanted to posses, Borneo became the main target for Japan. In addition
according to Gordon (2000) in August 1940, Japanese Prime Minister Matsuoka Yosuke formed an
imperial concept of the Greater East Asia Co–prosperity Sphere where they are trying to create a
self–contained community of Asian nations led by the Japanese, for which the Asian nation will
share the prosperity and peace and liberating Asians from Western colonialism. However, when their
mission accomplished, the concept in theory differs from the reality as they manipulated the
colonies for their own imperial benefits. In these essays, it will discuss about the Japanese
Occupation of Borneo with particular references to Brunei.
Aside from possessing the resources to be superior in the Pacific Region, the Japanese also needed
to claim the territories under British colonies to be one. The Japanese occupation plan is basically
seizing British territories to literally weaken the British strength. The invasion of Brunei in some
way accomplished the mission. As the British were defeated to Japanese

World War II Expository Essay
As we read about history, generally speaking all the events that took place in the events during
World War II, lets admit we all rely on what the history textbooks contain. If we ask about other
specific events such as the Pacific Theater, In which the battles between the Japanese and the United
States, information can be accessed via internet with many information. When asking about what
part the Philippines had in World War II, we have to look more in depth on books that pertain to the
topic of matter. But when asking about the actual experiences of the World War II, an interview is
conducted in order to know more of what happened in the eyes of those who experienced World War
II. My interview with Grandfather, Rafael Santiesteban, a survivor ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The memories of his time in World War explains how his recruitment by the US Navy and the lines
to sign up. He then applied and was in luck to be given a physical the next day and was shown the
place where he was to work. He stated that at that time he wasn't old enough to be able to enlist with
the Navy and was a student at the time. He was able to be part of the military but as a civilian only.
He stated that the Navy categorized him as a "non–skilled laborer," in order for him to stay in the
Navy and being a civilian he had to do odd types of work. He mostly worked at the commissary, a
store of supplies. As the Interview continues with Rafael Santiesteban, he states, "I had felt the
situation getting worse." As I asked of his opinion on how the war began when government of the
United States and Japan did not get along with one another.He says that on December 10th, two
days after the Pearl Harbor bombing on December 10th. While he was assigned in the 16th district
and was present during the bombing of the navy base, he was not hurt and only obtained a few
scratches on his forehead. He states that the bombing lasted five hours and recalls running during
the bombing and coming across a man with his body split open and being able to see the heart as he
passed by

Korean War Significance
The Korean War occurred from 25 June 1950 to 27 July 1953 when armistice was signed.
(Stokesbury) It was between Republic of Korea and Democratic People's Republic of Korea. United
Nations were on the South Korea side and China and Soviet Union were at North Korea side. North
Korea invaded South Korea after United States' military evacuation. North Korea occupied most of
South Korea, but after Incheon Landing, it turned the tide of the war. Finally, the war ended by
declaring ceasefire and made Military Demarcation Line. The war was significant because it was the
war between democratic and communist countries. It was also the time of Cold War when Soviet
Union and United States were having political and diplomatic conflicts
Japan rule
Before ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One of the significant events were at Yeonpyeong in 1999 and 2002. There were two battles that
were fought between South Korea and North Korea. Tens of people died and injured from the battle.
Those were little combats compared to Korean War, but these battles were telling that two Korea
were still in war. In East Asia peninsula, North Korea and South Korea were confronting due to
North Korea's intimidation on bombing. North Korea's Kim Jong Un said that the modern war is
artillery war. The tension among both Korea and United States was really intense in that it is almost
the moment of rising of the war. North Korea is threatening America on nuclear bombing in that
United Nation is strongly corresponds on their actions. Actually, both sides are almost got ready on
the war and it seems to occur. Kim Jong Un was looking for the place to bomb. There were also
threats that occurred recently due to nucleic bombing. North Korea is keep doing the nuclear test by
firing a rocket to the space as satellite. This is nominal satellite in which they are actually doing a
nuclear test. By using nuclear power, North Korea wants to get the initiative from South Korea and
attract China to be their

Review of Dower's War Without Mercy
Dower, John W. War Without Mercy: Race and Power in the Pacific War. Pantheon Books, New
York, 1986. In this seminal work on the Pacific war John Dower, Professor of History at the
Michigan Institute of Technology and Pulitzer Prize winning author, discusses the effect had in the
Allied war with Japan. It is the author's opinion that racism and prejudiced attitudes played a role in
the development of atrocious behaviors seen in the Pacific Theater. Dower supports his thesis by
effectively and exhaustively researching his topic. Dower creatively integrates and combines
sources from almost every are of period life. In his studies he includes war diaries, political
speeches, journal articles from both sides, and perhaps most effectively, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The film also provides a meaningful glimpse at how the Japanese viewed the Greater East Asia Co–
Prosperity sphere. The native islanders are depicted as being genial but simple peoples. Prescribing
perfectly to the idea of proper place they are shown as more than willing to be the beasts of burden
for the superior Japanese. In the last section of the book, the Japanese belief of superiority is more
thoroughly examine. In the chapter The Pure Self it is shown that feelings of racial superiority where
not unique to the Western world. The only difference is that while for the West it was a matter of
color, for the Japanese it was a matter of purity. They considered themselves more pure than any of
the other races, hence it was their responsibility to create a "new world order that would enable all
nations and races to assume their proper place in the world", i.e., beneath Japan. Dower concludes
the book by giving particular attention to the last year of the war and the post war period. He shows
conclusively through casualty figures that racism did play a role on the battlefield. As both sides
were taught to dehumanize the other and upon hearing the of the infamous atrocities of the war, it
became all too easy to kill and all to hard to just surrender. Dower ends by

Japanese Attack On Pearl Harbor
It is no question that people living in the United States in this current generation blame the Japanese
for the attack on Pearl Harbor and will seize any opportunity to bring it up as an insult. However, do
they consider why the Japanese did it? What was their reason for committing such an act? Why
would Japanese soldiers give up their lives for such an act? It is never brought up and dismissed as
if they were simply soulless monsters who attacked the U.S. out of hate. Another thing people don't
consider is the time this attack occurred: World War II– a time of war. The Japanese had a reason for
such a risky attack and it was not an easy decision for them to make. This is not to justify their
actions, but rather to take in consideration of the time period and making it clear as to why it was a
reasonable decision to the Japanese at the time. The Japanese viewed the U.S.'s inactivity in the war
and its The Great Depression as an opportunity to obtain more territory in the Pacific. The
Japanese's intelligence on the American navy was also very limited and led them to think that "...if
Japanese naval forces took out the American Pacific carriers at Pearl Harbor, there was simply no
way for America, at least in the immediate future, to contradict any of their Pacific agendas" (Davis,
Source 1: "Real Reason Japanese Attacked Pearl Harbor"). The Japanese thought that if anything the
United States would enter into a negotiation or respond weakly to the attack as its naval base was

The Massacre At Nanjing
Historical Idea: The Japanese were particularly brutal because they saw the Chinese as an inferior
race.
A topic of debate in recent history is the reasoning behind the Japanese' overly–brutal violence
towards the Chinese during the massacre at Nanjing. The prevailing theory is that the Japanese saw
the Chinese as an inferior race, or 'Chancorro' (sub–human)– thus, killing Chinese held no great
significance. Chinese soldiers were not the only targets for the brutality, innocent Chinese citizens
were treated with the same violence. Chinese men were used for bayonet practice, as well as in
'decapitation contests', and an estimated 20,000 – 80,000 Chinese women were raped. Other
examples of brutality include live burials, castration and nailing ... Show more content on
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Frank Tillman Durdin was a foreign correspondent for the New York Times, he was in Nanjing
when it fell to the Imperial Japanese Army. Durdin left Nanjing on December 15th, two days after
the initial invasion– he made a tour of Nanjing before his departure. In his report for the NYT, he
stated that he heard "waves of machine–gun fire and witnessed the Japanese soldiers gun down
some two hundred Chinese within ten minutes." Durdin's report was one of the first printed accounts
of the Nanjing Massacre. The report has been called "one of the best journalistic accounts of the fall
of Nanjing". He covered all the major issues at Nanjing– including the murder of civilians, the
execution of Chinese soldiers, conscription, looting and rape. But his report, along with the few
others that were published was met with scepticism from the American public, because the stories
seemed almost 'too fantastic to be

Positive Effects Of The Sino Rapanese War
The Sino–Japanese War was an event that shook the structure of East Asia's traditional world order,
one that for more than 2000 years had centered around China and its civilization. The war didn't just
take away China's centrality, it was also the catalyst for Japan's transformation into an imperialist
power.
The conflict transformed the nature of Japanese society, giving birth to a sense of national identity
and planting the roots for nationalism in the minds of Japanese people. Coming into contact with
real China for the first time, many soldiers and war correspondents were appalled by the situation
the country was in. China acquired a new image in Japanese minds, it strengthened the belief that
Japan had chosen the right path by embracing Western ideas and techniques. China started to be
used as the negative for Japan's positive: a backward, uncultured, aging giant against a progressive,
rational, enlightened modern state [Saya Makito – The Sino–Japanese War and the Birth of Japanese
Nationalism]. Japan now saw itself as the only advanced nation in Asia, the one burdened with the ...
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Much like the Sino–Japanese War, it had great impact both on internal and external developments.
In Japan it inflated self–confidence and strengthened the belief in military solutions (trends that
would later take the country into a second war with China). It showed Japan that they were now able
to defeat a strong adversary, even a Western one. On the international level it had great repercussion
on East Asia. It stopped Russian expansion in the region and ensured Japan rise to the rank of Great
Power even in the eyes of Western ones. Their victory in the Russo–Japanese war only served to
verify the ideas that had already been born from the Sino–Japanese War: Japan was the only Asian
nation capable of providing much needed leadership in the

Japan and The Influence of Imperialism Essay
Japan, an isolated island located in the Pacific Ocean in East Asia,
surprised the world when it first opened its doors to Western
influence in 1854. While it had a strict policy about maintaining its
isolation, it had no choice but to succumb to imperialism. When
Commodore Matthew Perry visited, Japan realized that isolation had
resulted in their inability to develop economically and militarily
with the industrialized world. Thus from 1854 to 1914, the Japanese
changed from being under the influence of imperialism to becoming an
imperialist nation, as well as coming out of feudalism and going to
into modern militarism. Despite all these changes in its economy and
military, Japan had managed to consolidate its ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Japan was able to build factories and set up
private organizations more rapidly because it did not need to
experiment with or invent anything new. By 1914, Japanese imperialism
had become a threat to the United States to the point that it had to
place an embargo in order to stop it from invading neighboring
countries such as Australia. The reason why Japan changed from being
threatened by Europeans and Americans to being as threatening as they

are is because they were motivated to become a powerful nation. Their
initial decision to open up trade with the West was prompted by their
desire to posses modern technology. Their motivation was caused by the
lack of resources, to earn its reputation as a strong nation and to
avoid to be manipulated by the West. The formation of the Greater East
Asian Co–Prosperity Sphere created an independent capable of
eliminating imperialism from Asia and to develop a sufficient economy
in order to compete with the Europeans. This is different from what
was occurring in another East Asian country, China. Although both
nations were exposed to imperialism and were taken advantage of by the
Western nations, Japan avoided victimization and embraced imperialism.
As Japan became an industrialized power, the traditional feudal
society was replaced by a period of enlightened rule and eventually by
military dictatorship. In

Under the Black Umbrella and Japanese Colonization of Korea
The Japanese occupied Korea in 1910 after many years of struggle between different countries.
Throughout the centuries there were multiple events that lead to this colonization. The events
became disordered in 1864, when King Kojong ascended to the throne. He was too young, so his
father Taewon–gun became the de facto ruler. His goals were to re–establish the power of the
government, develop a policy of national exclusionism and continue to persecute the Catholics.
During his rule, western men came in search of trade, but the Taewon–gun refused them. Japan
repeatedly made attempts to establish political relations with Korea but they continually refused. In
return the Japanese declared war on Korea. Meanwhile, the Taewon–gun felt as if he ... Show more
He says "It was disgusting, I almost threw up. But when you are so hungry, what can you do? We
just ate the rest of the soup," (62). These farmers were slaves to the Japanese and were not getting
repaid. They were desperate to eat. On the other hand, there were also positive impacts. If the
Japanese did not take control over Korea, then the Korean economy would have bankrupted without
such financial aid from Japan. In order for them to get out of their financial trouble the Japanese
helped Korea progress in agriculture, energy, transportation, communications systems, and
commercial distribution. The transformation process allowed Koreans to acquire more jobs and
perform other jobs more efficiently. The country was modernized with new roads, railroads, cable
lines and new schools.
In the beginning, modernization was not much of a positive idea. In the story of Kim Sangsun, he
discussed how he wanted to be a truck driver, but it was impossible for civilians to run their own
truck driving business. He stated this because, "Japan had started the war with China and had taken
all of the available trucks to the front," (68). As the economy grew civilians were forced away from
their small farms to work in factories. Mainly the building of new transportation and industry was
designed to exploit Korean resources for the benefit of Japan. Since this was mainly not beneficial
to Koreans, this was a negative

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