Comparing Untouchable and A Passage to India

Summary Of A Passage To India And A Passage To India
Despite having drastically different perspectives, E.M. Forster and Mulk Raj Anand display a
common disdain for British imperialism and racism while sharing in a struggle to fully capture the
complexities of the British Raj while still spreading their intended message in their novels, A
Passage to India and Untouchable.
Untouchable and A Passage to India were not written solely for entertainment. The authors' shared
purpose for writing the stories is more important than the stories themselves. Forster was largely
involved in the politics of imperialism, having worked with the International Red Cross in
Alexandria for four years and written a pamphlet that condemned the colonization of Egypt by
Britain (Meyers 238). Later in life he would write only essays, criticisms, biographies, and
broadcasts with the intention of sharing his liberal views (Parry 253). He was clearly motivated
intensely by his political views. When referring to his novel, Forster said, "The political side of it
was an aspect I wanted to express... It had some political influence –it caused people to think of the
link between India and Britain and to doubt if that link was altogether of a healthy nature" (Meyers
238). Anand was just as passionate in his desire to share his political opinions. In the words of R.K.
Dhawan, "Untouchable has no story interest; it is just an impassioned plea for social cause" (102). In
writing Untouchable, Anand's goal to shine light upon the trials of the Indian far surpasses the
significance enjoying the plot on its own. Each story is carefully crafted to influence the reader's
opinion on imperialism, and efforts to amuse the reader can be traced back to the authors' desire to
share their political viewpoints. These shared convictions come from writers who viewed the British
Raj from opposite sides, Anand as an Indian, and Forster as a British man. Anand was a resident of
Punjab, a hub for Indian rebellion, and a massacre where hundreds of Indains were killed took place
in his hometown (Harrex 36). He experienced the trauma of the Indian people personally. For him,
colonialism is something he has endured. He was also arrested and beaten brutally by the police,
having been left with dark marks on his back
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Compare And Contrast Steinbeck And Anand
Steinbeck and Anand are bestowed with enthralling intellectual framework to take up the crucial
issues of have–nots in their novels. Leaving some minor differences both of them share
phenomenally similar outlook for the have–nots. Their common concerns make them the champions
of the underdogs. They are the great realists. Both equally understand the call of society. They give
their firm voice to the unheard and unheeded have–nots. They hold a concrete conviction that "a
writer's responsibility to the humanity, community, Society is Holy" (Sokel, Herbert, Walter,
Ernst.qtd 1959: 68). In fact, both of them are social watchdogs who are outrightly intolerant of all
kinds of injustices against the have–nots. They make their readers aware of ... Show more content on
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They experience the persistent inequality existing in their respective social milieux and find society
divided in two sections – 'the haves' and 'the have–nots '. ". . . there must be only two kinds of
people in the world: the rich and the poor. And poverty is diffused all over India, and like a poison
infects all our society, renders it unsocial and inhumane" (Anand1936: 56). Similarly, the "issue of
the haves and the have–nots" predominantly hangs over Steinbeck (McParland 2015: 176). This is
why, the common ideology of Steinbeck and Anand forces them to be the mouthpiece of the
underprivileged, i.e., the have–nots. This comparative study is an inclusive attempt in interpreting
the psychological nuances, social insight, rustic realism and ethical–moral questions encircling the
have–nots. Both the writers are usually found brooding over the past, analyzing the present and
peeping into the future for the redress of the issues of the have–nots. Sometimes, they turn to
philosophical decantation, rhetorical and metaphysical musings that quicken the pulses of the
readers. They deliver the message of human rights and make readers understand the predicaments of
the have–nots. Their novels prove that the act of writing is not merely a matter of self–expression
but an instrument of spreading awareness for reformation and transformation of society. Steinbeck

The Indelible Problem : Mulk Raj Anand And The Plight Of
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Special.
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"Poem: A Late Wisdom" www.poem hunter. Com/ poem/ a–late–wisdom.
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Gupta , Arvind "A novelist, short story writer as well as an art critic" , MulkRaj
www.arvindguptatoys.com/arvindgupta/mulk.pdf
Highfield, J.

What Is An Untouchable
This written task is based on a part 4 text by Mulk Raj Anand "Untouchable." It is set in colonial
India. Several global issues are presented, particularly human exploitation, poverty, humiliation,
oppressions and religious hypocrisy. Mulk Raj Anand focuses on the social injustices faced by the
poor people such as Bakha, the protagonist, son of Lakha, who is the "jemadar" of all sweepers in
the town. Bakha is an "untouchable" representing all downtrodden. His plight as an untouchable
captivated me. Bakha's abuse, tenuous relationship with his father, and the sexual exploitation
attempts on his sister Sohini are key elements that will be explored in this diary entry. In the text, he
is depicted as a naïve and unassuming character who tragically ... Show more content on
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People's reaction seemed like I killed a man and I was not aware of it. I was standing in a middle of
a crowd who gathered around me. I was just standing, deaf and confused. He claimed he would have
to "purify" his self now. I wondered if I had some type of diseases and I was the only one not
knowing it. I apologized. Before I even noticed, his right hand reached my cheek. Everyone heard
the sound. My heart was beating and I cried. Just a little. My turban fell off and I believe it was
followed by my pride and honor. Apparently, I had to shout to announce people my arrival. The evil
voice in my head was pushing me so hard to revenge. After the man left, millions of questions
passed my mind. I could have put my strong hands on him. The people around did not help, they felt
no pity for me. They knew I was being abused. The disgust in their eyes hurt even more than the
slap I received. They hate what we touch. We also hate it. They think they are better than us.
Actually they are not. They only see an untouchable. That is how they call us, brothers and sons of
sweepers. That day I realized what my statue in this society was. On my way to the temple I shouted
"Untouchable, Untouchable". This way nobody would slap me again. I felt neutral. Not happy but
not so sad. Feeling sad would make me feel like I have been defeated. But I had hope. And I still

The journey to Assam was descripted in the most...
The journey to Assam was descripted in the most picturesque manner. The beautiful details of
landscape, the rustic beauty of plantation, the greenery and fresh air were breath taking. It was like
watching a dream land.
The morning mist has risen over the valley and evaporated with the dazzling burst of sunlight. The
air was still under the clear even sky. The welter of leafage was tensed beneath the world's hollow
cup. There was a concentrated lull in the slow heart of the day, as if India missed a heartbeat of the
day, in the march of time. (2)
Though Gangu's journey was started on this beautiful note, but we soon find out the ugly truth
concealed behind the mask of this beautiful portrait. Soon enough he realizes how badly he was ...
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In the rat race to earn more profit the poor workers were doubly exploited. First by the British who
paid them minimal wage, made them work in unhygienic and often life threatening conditions. For
example when the plague of cholera and malaria was spread among the slum of these workers, then
also they were made to attend the job. Even to apply for a leave they must visit the locally appointed
doctor thrice and even then, if they do not get any better, then only their plea for leave shall be put
under consideration. The second exploitation they had to face was by their own countrymen. People
like the money lender who charge so much interest over even a small sum of money that with due
course of time it become impossible for the victim to pay back. Middlemen or agents like Buta also
falls under the very same category. Speaking of the truth, they are worse than the money lenders.
They target the weakest section of the society. They approach those who are financially broke with
no hope or resource to survive. To those wretches they lend their divine helping hand, like the
blessings of almighty himself and when the close their eyes and trust these agents, their fates are
sealed in eternal darkness. These agents never step back from weaving tall tales of the plantation
site, or telling false stories of prosperity. The innocent often felt for such traps and are doomed to
work for ever in the hellish

Why Is Viswanathan Anand An Essay
Introduction Viswanathan Anand who was born on the 11th day of the December month in the year
1969 is a very well–known Indian chess Grandmaster and past World Chess Champion. He is
defined by the great grandmaster and chess game commentator Lubomir Kavalek as one amongst
the very most versatile world champions he has ever seen in his career span. Viswanathan Anand has
secured the World Chess Championship for an amazing five times in the years 2000, 2007, 2008,
2010, 2012 and he was the without doubt the definite World Champion from the year 2007 to the
year 2013. Viswanathan Anand has won the World Blitz Chess championship in the year 2000.
Viswanathan Anand held the FIDE World Rapid Chess Championship in the year 2003, and he is
usually measured to be the toughest rapid chess player of his age group. Viswanathan Anand is one
amongst eight players in the history of chess game to break the 2800 mark on the FIDE rating list.
He has occupied the number one spot in numerous rating lists between the year 2007 and the year
2011. He is one of the only two world champions who have accomplished the Blitz, Classical and
Rapid world championships respectively. Viswanathan Anand has earned the Chess Oscar for six
times in the years 1997, 1998, 2003, 2004, 2007, 2008. Viswanathan Anand is the one and only
world champion who had won the world championship by playing in all the different formats of the
chess game such as Match, Tournament and Knockout. Viswanathan Anand became India's very first
grandmaster in the year 1988. He was also the very first receiver of ... Show more content on
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In a wonderful career crossing over 25 years and still counting, Viswanathan Anand has taken the
Indian chess to greater new heights. He has recorded victory in both the national as well as the
international levels and he has been eligible to a number of esteemed awards, for his brilliance in the
game of

Lameent On The Death Of A Master Of Arts Summary
dirge with a fictional veneer. The protagonist Nur cries out in a seemingly dejected mood as most of
the have–nots do. "Why did they drag me into the dust by making me? Master of Arts?" (George, C,
J. cited Anand, Mulk Raj.1994.books.google.co.in/ books?i sbn817164453.Web.13Jun.2013). He is
trapped in the life–and–death predicament. His marriage adds fuel to the fire. He is thrown into the
state of anxiety which affects his health adversely. He contracts dreadful consumption and
ultimately succumbs to it. In this way, Lament on the Death of a Master of Arts is a story of a have–
not who, despite his strong desire for life and education, falls a victim to the fate. The novel has
some serious stuff of unemployment. The action in the novel is completed within a single day. It
covers the events from early dawn to afternoon. The end of the protagonist is as a have–not is
destined to meet miserable demise. One gets the impression that the novel is intended to be an
intense commentary on education system which leave the individuals sapped of their energies and
make them depressed and dejected have–nots. The novel exposes those aspects of our education
system, which stand as a major roadblocks to our national goal and prosperity. Anand is of the view
that the education system should be reformed to suit the needs of the times so that the have–nots
may have a respite from their miseries. 7. The Big Heart (1945) The Big Heart deals with 'the
thathiars' problems and women's

Deplorable Description Of The Mulk Raj Anand 's Untouchable
Deplorable Description Of The Outcaste in Mulk Raj Anand's Untouchable
The proposed project will discuss on the novel "Untouchable" by Mulk Raj Anand and will draw
attention towards the sensitive issue of untouchability. 'Untouchable' a fiction published in the year
1935, presents the prime concerns of the great author Mulk Raj Anand, which is, to highlight the
cause of the dumb and the deserted, the lowly and the lost of an adverse society. His concerns are
always been for the creatures in the lower depths of Indian society who are the rejected, who had no
way to articulate their anguish against the oppressors. Hence, the title of the project "Deplorable
Description of the Outcaste" is apt.
Mulk Raj Anand one of the greatest novelists in Indian Writing in English was born on 12th
December,1905 in Peshawar, Pakistan and died in Pune on 28th September,2004 . He is also
attributed to constitute the much talked about authors and referred one among the 'trio' in Indian
Writing in English, the other two being R.K. Narayan and Raja Rao. He is considered a pioneer of
the Anglo– Indian fiction and best remembered for his depiction of the poorer classes of people in
India and their plight. His primary concern and business as a writer of fiction, is to attack the social
snobbery and prejudice, superstitions and untouchability . He is a writer who urges for an attitude
filled with love and sympathy for the million living under the poverty line and leading a life worse
than an

Theme Of Poverty In A Handful Of Rice And Two Virgins By...
INTRODUCTION
Kamala Markandaya possesses a conspicuous place among Indian–English writers. Markandayawa
s born in 1924 and raised in Madras, Markandaya happens to an educated Brahmin family. She was
educated at Madras University. Kamala Markandaya has composed eleven novels in 23 years, The
first nectar in a sieve, published in 1954, the last one to date The Golden Honeycomb in 1977. She is
not just the earliest Indian author of noteworthiness. She is a standout amongst the most recognized
composers on the Indian literary scene today. Her scholarly stature since relentlessly kept on
developing with her each progressive work of fiction and she composed books reliably, consistently.
India is a nation of Markandaya 's birth and childhood and England ... Show more content on
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Out of this failure, some unfortunately go back home, others choose to work to accumulate some
cash to reclaim home, this period, in any case, starts the difficult situation of rural urban vagrants.
The migrants, in the city, depend on menial occupations, for example, shoe–repairing, driving, lorry
leading, garbage gathering , scrap and disposed bottle collections accumulation, street selling,
baggage conveying and numerous others. In this situation, absence of lucrative occupations, peer
impact and unfortunate customary practices were viewed as conceivable causes and inspirations of
country urban movement, in any case, young pregnancy, burglary, assault and undesirable ways of
life were additionally observed as conceivable impacts and issues the migrants experience.
The novels two virgins and a handful of rice revolves around somewhat the same concept of rural
urban sufferings as mentioned above. In both the novels the characters are victims of poverty and
they want to run away from it. They choose different paths which proved to be wrong as they got
exploited by the evils in society. The protagonist in the novel two virgins, was used as an object by
the one whom she assumed to be the roadway of her dream.

Chinese Culture In Amy Tan's 'Rules Of The Game'
In Amy Tans "Rules of the Game" a first generation adolescent becomes fascinated with the game of
chess and uses its rules as a strategy for life while growing up and away from her Chinese culture.
This short story illustrates the struggle of growing up is especially difficult when in a culture
different from ones parents.
When Narrator Waverly Jong first introduces herself at the young age of seven. Waverly lives in
China Town, San Francisco with her immigrant parents and two older brothers. She is a very smart,
curious and obedient daughter. The author indirectly shows the reader during the first supermarket
scene when Waverly is introduced to the "art of invisible strength". Waverly first begged her mother
for candy but after practicing this art form and silently ignoring the candies, her mother rewards her
by purchasing them. This value of silence is a form of strength and dignity in the Chinese Culture.
Waverly obeys her mother that day and soon learns that it can be used as a tool for success in the
game of chess. According to David Kelly in 'Critical Essay on "Rules of the Game" ', invisible
strength "is presented as a magical equation that gives young Waverly the wisdom and grace to rise
to national prominence in the chess world within a few short years of first taking up the game."
Waverly becomes quite good at the game. She states "By my ninth birthday, I was a national chess
champion", and was even featured in Life Magazine. While gaining all the success,

What Is The Theme Of The Royal Game
The Royal Game by Stefan Zweig
Zweig, an outstanding writer and a psychologist, used his accumulation of knowledge along with his
skills of observing people, in order to write his last novella, The Royal Game. In this book, which is
also called "Chess", Zweig tells the extraordinary encounter of two men that are completely
different from each other: Czentovic, a robot–like man whose only occupation is playing chess, and
Dr. B, who had been forced to live in a stage of nothingness for months, started playing chess as a
result of an accident – and unlike Czentovic, has gotten beyond the limits of his imagination. While
it seems like the main event in the book is the confrontation of these two men, the author also
focuses on the unusual experiences ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
B. tells his unique story to the narrator, is the day of Czentovic and Dr. B.'s encounter. With the help
of his past experiences, Dr. B. gets down the world chess champion in the first game. Czentovic
offers another game, and Dr. B. accepts it immediately. However, the second game does not go well
for him this time – Czentovic's long awaitings drive him crazy. While waiting, he starts acting like
when he was in the hotel room playing against himself. He starts going up and down the hall – but
not the whole hall, only the extents of his hotel room. Six steps up, six steps down. His brain starts
losing control like the old times – but just at the right time, the narrator wakes him up from his
shady

Social Injustices And Realism And Injustices Of Muulk Raj...
Social Injustices & Realism: The social injustices that have been portrayed in the novel are that of
sexual exploitation, sexual harassment, substandard living conditions, poor wages not enough to
survive which means that the laborers could never leave the plantation as they would never have
enough money in their hands to do so, poor sanitary conditions which led to the breeding of all types
of infectious disease and very substandard living conditions. The fact that there was a cholera
epidemic from which Gangu's wife dies showed that the contagious nature of the diseases was
serious. The realism in the novel is the is the first hand observation of Mulk Raj Anand and his
observations of the tea garden laborers when he lived for a time in Assam. ... Show more content on
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The Village is a novel that was written in 1939. The theme of the environment is the political
environment that was prevalent during 1939. It centers around the rule of the British and the
increasing discontent with foreign rule on Indian soil. This is partially due to the influence of
Gandhi's movement in 1939 when it was gaining momentum. The main character of the novel is Lal
Singh a peasant from Punjab. The story revolves around the peasant and the events and incidents
that Lal Singh faces. While residing in the village Lal Singh is progressive enough to go against
social norms in a deeply conservative society. To escape from his troubles in the village society Lal
Singh joins the army but finds that he has problems even as a soldier and the story ends with Lal
Singh scarred , disheartened and broken returns to his village. While observing the daily happening
in the Punjab Lalu Singh observes that the very people who claim they had come to help Indians
were the people who were oppressing the Indians and taking all Indian's goods and shipping it back
to England. This is evident from the point of view that The British did not defeat the Indian rulers in
any battles as such until The Indian rulers revolted against the fact that any ruler who did not have a
male heir would have to be sign it away to the

Marginalization In Coolie
Abstract Through the fictional works, Anand has given a voice to the voiceless marginalized lot in
the society. He writes about the oppressed, suppressed, exploited and humiliated people who face
social, political, economic and cultural exclusion. In Coolie (1936), Mulk Raj Anand dramatizes the
tragic life of the marginalized class i.e. the poor in the society. It is a suffering saga of Munoo who
performs variegated jobs as a domestic servant, coolie, and rickshaw puller for sustenance. He
struggles in the life for food, shelter, identity and sympathy and finally dies of consumption. The
poor are often looked down upon by the rich as worthless, having no existence and significance as
human beings. The marginalized often suffer at the hands ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Considering Munoo as a burden, his uncle forcefully brings him to Shampur to make him work as a
servant at Babu's house. From here, Munoo's journey of endless suffering begins. In many ways
Munoo's life goes parallel with that of Gangu in Two Leaves and a Bud. Gangu undertakes a willful
journey to Aassam to earn a living. In Munoo's case he is forced to work. Buta in Two Leaves and a
Bud gives false promises to Gangu about better and happy life with good wages and fair treatment
by the masters. In Coolie, Munoo's uncle also makes false promise to him. His uncle Ramnath
promises: "You will be looked after here. You will get plenty to eat in this home. And the Babu said
he would pay us three rupees a month. Don't forget to do your best for the masters. You are their
servant and they are kind people" (Coolie 14) As Gangu's dreams get shattered after reaching tea
estate in Assam, so does Munoo's. When Munoo confronts reality, he finds situation contradictory to
the promises given by his uncle. He is neither treated properly nor fed sufficiently. He has to sleep in
corners of kitchen. Anand

Frankenstein The Movie Analysis
Nathaniel Park
Prof. Gulbro
PSY 201
1 Nov. 2017
Magnus the Movie – Psychology relation & Plot Magnus Carlsen is a spectacular person, whilst able
to get in contact with Benjamin Ree, a Norwegian film director, to film his documentary on his
backstory and how he became the current world chess champion title holder. He then began a life
long journey where he ended up, was well explained by the film of his backstory as current events
about him are relevant towards his past life and how he made it here. While the film may be in fact
very philosophical, since chess is, hidden introductions towards psychological terms are present and
help identify current motivations and moods towards the film as it is executed. Magnus the Movie
proves to be both extraordinary and well presented as both the psychology concepts and well proven
plot helps establish great presentation, and is extremely recommended to watch for individuals
whom play and learn about the well–established ideas that are hidden in chess. Magnus the movie
presents both creates scenery and imagination, as to what the ideal perspective to a prodigy is of, but
what has been established is Magnus Carlson's backstory in which invites hidden features such as
the mood of the movie where multiple scenarios complement the usage of psychology. One for
example, In the scenes where Magnus is constantly thinking about what move to play next or ideally
focusing on what position he is at, when he knows what has happened, and that move

The Lost Child Analysis
freedom. He appropriately imparted the words to the mute have–nots to rebel in their own ways. He
takes up his plots to a revolutionary idealism with a passion. During World War II, Anand worked as
a broadcaster and scriptwriter for the BBC, London. So, the stories have the influence of his being a
journalist. In spite of the problem in technique of writing The Lost Child, he brilliantly reproduces
the agony of waiting in its story. The darkness of night, the unsleeping child, the turmoil in the mind
of helpless housewife, the mutilated body of householder have–nots, etc are wisely engraved in the
plot of the novel. It revolves around a child who loses his toy in a nearby shop. Certainly, the story
has allegorical significance. At that moment, the child realizes his isolation and cries out in despair,
"I want my father, I want my mother" (Anand 1995: 10). The child's fall is symbolic of Adam's fall
from paradise because of "his inordinate temptation and transgression" (Anand, Mulk, Raj.
archive.org/stream/ ./lightedpathway1971chur_djvu.txt.Web.15Sept. 2014).
In one phase of his life, Anand engaged himself in completing his autobiographical novels. There is
a pattern of personal or impersonal, unintentional or intentional threads that put together in the
autobiographies' plots. His one of such works is inspired by lines from drama of Shakespeare As
You Like It. The

Analysis Of Mulk Raj Anand 's `` Art For The Sake Of Man '
Mulk Raj Anand, despite a genius writer, is a critic, an educationist and a social worker. He is
interested in human beings despite his critics described him a Marxist, a propagandist. His fiction
revolves around the human being. Humanitarian ground becomes the nucleus of all his thinking and
writing. He does not believe in 'art for art's sake' but he believes in 'art for the sake of man'. His
main attempt in his work has been to expose the values of a man in a society by which he may gain
real foundations for moral behavior and realize a just social order. His novels divulge a realistic
sensibility which is capable to measure the depth of human personality and social structure. His
commitment to his humanistic dogma and obsession with the downtrodden could be well explained
inter alia his fictional experimentation. This paper presents a teenage boy who is the role model of
all teenage coolies who suffer by the capitalism of the society. Key Words: Exploitation, suffering,
migration, teenage, capitalism, death, eradication, government. Suppressed Munoo: A Teenaged
Migrant Anand wrote the novel, Coolie, before independence after Untouchable in 1936. The novel
is the best example of exploitation on the basis of classes. It depicts very big differences between the
rich and the poor. The novel describes the cross section of the people, the rich and the poor, the
exploited and the exploiters, the haves and the have–nots which represent the entire Indian social
life. Munoo, the

The Plight Of Untouchable A Satanic Curse On Society
Untouchability – Satanic curse on society
Untouchability is one of dangerous evils existing in our society. We are in 21st century but the
condition of untouchables in Indian society is still a matter of concern. Form ancient time they are
being treated worse than animals at the hand of upper caste. Although the government has banned
the caste discrimination since 1950 but the plight of untouchables is still a matter of concern. The
emergence of so many regional political parties in India has only magnified this problem. They have
been given the lowest position in the social hierarchy and from the time immemorial, they are being
treated as nothing but puppets or tools at the hands of political parties.
In this paper I ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Similarly, like another famous Indian writer, Mulk Raj Anand penned down masterpiece
called Untouchable which was published in 1935, in which he dealt with different types of
exploitations like economic, political, social religious and sexual. But social exploitation is mother
who gives birth to all other types of exploitations. The caste discrimination out of this social evil
gives
undue advantages to upper castes by birth.
In his novel, Mulk Raj Anand throws light on the plight of downtrodden and untouchables through
eighteen year old protagonist sweeper boy,Bakha. Untouchable covers the event of single day in the
life
of Bakha in a city called Bulashah.. Mulk Raj Anand describes the painstaking moring routine of

Bakha. He used to clean latrine every day and sometimes three rows of latrine single handed. He
was fully dedicated to his work as writer pointed out:
For although he did not know it, to him work was sort of
intoxication which gave him a glowing health and plenty of easy
sleep. So he worked on continuously, incessantly, with out
stopping for breadth, even though the violent exertion of his

Melnyk et al.2014 Essay
This article was downloaded by: [BI Norwegian Business School]
On: 27 May 2014, At: 03:37
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office:
Mortimer House,
37–41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK
International Journal of Production Research
Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information:
http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tprs20 Supply chain design: issues, challenges, frameworks and
solutions a a
Steven A. Melnyk , Ram Narasimhan & Hugo A. DeCampos
b
a
Department of Supply Chain Management, Michigan State University, The Eli Broad
Graduate School of Management,, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
b ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Supply chain design needs to comprehend these three levels of analysis. The articles in this special
issue are introduced in the context of these levels of analysis and a research agenda is suggested that
can be pursued in light of this framework, highlighting areas that are covered in this special issue
and areas where research opportunities exist.
Keywords: supply chain design; supply chain architecture; integration; life cycle design; research
framework
1. Introduction
1.1 Why focus on supply chain design?
The last 20 years have seen the emergence of the supply chain as a critical competitive force in
today's increasingly turbulent marketplace (Lee and Billington 1992; Lee 2004; Melnyk et al. 2009).
By drawing on the capabilities (i.e., capacity and skills) offered by the supply chain (the set of
upstream and downstream entities who work either directly or indirectly with the ﬁrm) and by
developing and fostering appropriate ties with both customers and suppliers, ﬁrms can realise

signiﬁcant beneﬁts in the form of reduced inventories, lower costs, enhanced responsiveness, and
improved strategic focus in terms of design, execution and capital investments (Harvard Business
Review 2006). Providing further support for the supply chain's impact on performance, AMR (a
leading supply chain research organisation) stated that in 2008 the top 25 companies with best
supply chain

Coolie By Mulk Anand Analysis
Coolie: A Saga of Inequality and Exploitation
Abstract: The nineteen–thirties were the most confused years in Indian history. It was the time of
Indian thrash about for sovereignty and everyone was effected by the blow of this even poetry,
drama and novel too. So Anand could not stay uninfluenced by it. He suffered a lot so this made him
abhorrence imperialism. He was conscious of the sufferings of our community from dearth and
nastiness. No one in India had yet written the classic on this suffering effectively because the
realities were too rudimentary for a writer like Tagore. Mulk Raj Anand an immense Indian novelist
draws our consideration through his immortal characters Munno and Bakha, from existent
civilization. As a novelist he speaks on pragmatism, variance, humanism and exploitations. Anand
wrote about real natives whom he knew quite intimately. Mulk Raj Anand awakens social principles
by his works. He arouses compassionate sensation of readers for the subjugated and under–
privileged, who suffer a lot.
Key words: Pragmatism, Social Conflict, Humanism, Exploitation, Underprivileged.
1. INTRODUCTION: Indo–Anglian literature or Indian English literature is connected with Indian
English writings and is extremely significant part of English literature in the present epoch. Indo
Anglian literature or Indian English literature or Indian writing in English is the literature, written by
numerous well–known Indian writers in the diverse genres. It includes

The 1986 West End Production
Chess
Jarrett Winters Morley
(For the purposes of this essay, I will be focusing on the 1986 West End production instead of the
1988 Broadway production.)
Chess is an original musical with music by Benny Andersson and Björn Ulvaeus, with book and
lyrics by Tim Rice. The story follows an unexpected relationship between a Soviet chess
grandmaster and a woman who manages his opponent during the World Chess Match in Bangkok,
Thailand. The significance of the World Chess match in this story is tremendous because it takes
place during the climax of the Cold War, and the two adversaries whom are to face each other are
from America and the U.S.S.R, and each country wants their grandmaster to win for propaganda
purposes. The main characters in the story are not representations of real people, but are thought to
hold their roots in Bobby Fischer, one of the greatest American chess grandmasters of all time and
former World Champion, and Anatoly Karpov, one of the greatest Russian chess grandmaster and
former World Champion.
Chess was first released as an album in 1984 before any stage productions were attempted, partly to
raise the money and to see how the music would fair. On May 14th, 1986, it opened as a stage
production at London's West End at the Prince Edward Theatre and ran for three years. Two years
later, it opened on Broadway, and flopped after a run of two months. The show received extremely
varied reactions, ranging from "far too long" to "eclectic and stirring".

Anand's Untouchable
To put on their clothes made one a sahib too: Mimicry and the Carnivalesque in Mulk Raj Anand's
Untouchable
The character of Bakha, in Anand's Untouchable, is drawn from the lowest caste in Indian society,
that of sweeper, or cleaner of human ordure. Despite his unpromising station in life, the central
figure in the novel operates at a variety of levels in order to critique the status quo of caste in India.
Well aware of his position at the nadir of Indian society, Bakha is able–via his untouchability–to
interrogate issues well above his station in life, such as caste and its inequities, economics and the
role of the colonizer. Due to the very characteristics of the character's position, Anand is able to
examine issues such as society's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Firmly placed by caste at the bottom of society, he is aware of its taboos, and yet cheerfully breaks
out of these strictures. Later, when attacked by the crowd for inadvertently touching a man in the
street, the insecurities of caste are exposed. One old man says, "These swine are getting more and
more uppish!" (48). This theme is developed when Bakha is in the silversmiths' alley, and the lady
observes that "they are a superior lot these days!... They are getting more and more uppish."(74).
This is no less than Hamlet's lament that "the age is grown so picked that the toe of the peasant
comes so near the heel of the courtier he galls his kibe"(Act V Sc I). The parallels between the
carnivalesque gravedigger scene from Hamlet and the episode in the alley are irresistible, with both
the Prince of Denmark and the housewife bemoaning a perceived threat to the social order from
punning, articulate, discourteous persons of lowly rank. Elevated rank can only exist in opposition
to–and in the light of–the servile, and when the lowly refuse to offer civility then the highborn can
only assume the advent of chaos.
Bakha poses more than a mere verbal or religious threat to society. Anand dwells on his physicality,
describing him as "strong and able–bodied"(9) and "A superb

Comparing Untouchable and A Passage to India

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