Incarceration Substance Abuse

Incarceration Substance Abuse
Currently, America incarcerate a higher percentage of its citizens than any other industrialized
nation in the world. The negative impact of addiction to alcohol and drugs on American culture and
society is inescapable. Although various treatment models have been developed and implemented
over the years, a monumental number of people struggling with substance dependence continue to
be under treated. Whereas, many people are questioning the criminalization people face because
they ingest or consume drugs, for the most part, the criminal justice system focus more on
incarceration instead of rehabilitation for the offenders and addicts.
Many Americans who are incarcerated were ingesting drugs or drinking alcohol, or both, while
committing their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Grella, Hser, Teruya and Evans (2005) also noted a growing consensus among healthcare providers
in recent years regarding the need to improve the quality and provide for better accountability by
using evidence–based treatment interventions for substance abuse problems. Conversely, Gondles
emphasized that the criminal justice system has "a responsibility to society and to offenders to
continue developing and evaluating efficient, effective, and cost–conscience methods of delivering
valid, evidence–based treatment and programs" (2010, p. 6). Additionally, Gondles suggested that,
"We also have a legal, ethical, and moral obligation to return offenders to the community in a
reasonable state of health to facilitate their successful reentry" (2010, p. 6). Some significant
examples of efforts by the healthcare community to develop such guidelines include:
1. The principles of drug abuse treatment developed by the National Institute on Drug Abuse
(NIDA) identify a core set of empirically based interventions that can be used to guide clinical
practice (Grella et al., 2005, p. 469).
2. Equally, Hon (2003) reported that, "The active ingredients of effective treatment for alcohol
problems have been distilled from several generations of research into the treatment of alcohol
abuse and dependence" (2003, p.
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Substance Abuse And Its Effects
According to Dictionary.com, substance abuse is defined as a "long–term, pathological use of
alcohol or drugs, characterized by daily intoxication, inability to reduce consumption, and
impairment in social or occupational functioning; broadly, alcohol or drug addiction
(dictionary.com)." Substance use can include anything from alcohol to any variety of drugs,
prescription or illicit. Responsible alcohol use is considered being no more than 3 drinks for a
woman and no more than 5 for a man in a single setting. Proper prescription medication use means
only using the medication as it is recommended, or prescribed, by a doctor. Any other use of the
medication falls under substance abuse and can put a person on the substance use disorder ... Show
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This same perspective was the one that set the precedence for drug abuse prevention programs and
for the rehab facilities. The treatment modalities tended to be designed with an emphasis on the
needs of the male clientele with the female clientele being pushed through a one size fits all style
treatment. This started to change in the 1980's after the second wave of the women's movement
occurred. Women began to question science's conclusions that pointed to a male oriented bias in
research, hypothesis and design (Anderson, p 286). Once questioned and pushed, researchers of
substance use began using what is known as the "gender lens" approach. The gender lens tool was
created by Dr. Anna Day at the University of Toronto. She believed that all areas of health and
health care are influenced by gender. The idea was based on the belief of how glasses correct our
vision, so could a metaphorical "gender lens" correct our view on gender, allowing attention to be
focused on specific fender differences and needs of medical care that do require more research. It
was an approach that looked at both genders separately and compared their different outcomes based
on the specified genders, not based on the total usage (Van Koughnett, The Gender Lens).
The treatment modality for substance abuse used to be a one size fits all treatment that was geared
toward the male population. Dr. Tammy Anderson

Ricky Substance Abuse
In today's society, we are faced with many issues and problem. How we learn to deal and cope with
these issues plays a major role in a person life. Ricky is a 37 year old male from Gainville, Ga. I
have been working with Ricky to help him deal with his Substance Abuse for about a month now
hears at Sunrise. When he was 18 years old, he moved to New York with his uncle to find a job and
to go to school to better himself. Sometimes life can throw a curveball at you by the time he was 28
years old, he was hooked on cocaine and had been arrested numerous of time for possession of a
controlled substance and assault. His last arrested came a year ago where he plead guilty to
possession of a controlled substance and DWI. After, that he moved to ... Show more content on
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According, to Claus and Kindleberger (2002). A with substance abuse problem needs to be assessed
and apply appropriate strategies. Ricky cocaine addiction has put a strained on his relationship with
his family because, they do not know his is using drugs, and his addiction has also put him in a lot
of trouble with the law. He also says when he is around his friend they influence him to use drugs.
Ricky also stated that his learning social skill has never been what it should have been growing up.
He had a hard time learning the information in school, which is while it took him so long to
graduate. Social Skill is the "lack of knowledge, as opposed to intentional deviance "(Walsh, 2009).
This deficit is found in children between the age 7 and 10. After, reviewed the case files from his
prior records and notes from our sessions. I have come up with this assessment cocaine is the major
issue that he is facing. Therefore, if he gets this under control then he can deal with the other issues
that he is dealing with. I also assess that this drug problem is taking a major total on his body.
Because, it is harming his body, which could cause major concern in the long run. People who use
cocaine is 5 times more likely to suffer a drug related stroke. In my finding it was also relieved that
after, using crack he goes into a stage of withdrawing. In which he doesn 't communicate with
anyone and he sleeps all the time. I have determined since this is the major force

Substance Abuse
Groenewald and Bhana conducted a study on the view and impact of being a mother of a child who
has substance abuse problems. It is without question drugs cause diverse issues in the substance
users life, however the individuals in the users' life can have just as many issues as a result. In this
article it focuses on mothers who go through this struggle in silence, to not disclose the difficulties
they are having. This study included five mothers who have a child with substance abuse issues.
They interviewed each mother in detail about their experience in this environment. Some of the
interview questions and answers were written in the article and although the mothers answers were
similar, they all had their own personal experiences that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Jiloha, 2017)
Strong, Ensminger and Juons' article focuses on a study that shows the effect between adolescence
who smoke, and the probability they will have substance abuse issues as an adult. This study focuses
specifically on African Americans. The study also well emphasizes that there isn't much data on the
correlation, which is why the study is very important. They followed over twelve hundred African
Americans adolescents for about forty years. In this sample, it included smokers as well as non
smokers. The results were pretty shocking. Adolescent smokers showed a much higher percentage of
substance abuse as an adult, especially with more dangerous substances like cocaine, alcohol, and
heroin. But what the study also found was that the correlation between finishing school and
dropping out also correlated to the likelihood to have a substance abuse issue. (Strong, Ensminger &
Juon, 2016)
Focuses on a study that tries to determine if a prevention program that is network based can help
reduce high risk substance abuse adolescents.. For their study they selected twenty–five high
schools, however only fourteen schools accepted their study. With the study, there were twelve
sessions, including forty–seven classes and over eight hundred students. They were then divided two
groups, a placebo group, and then a network based group where it was driven by peers and an
interactive version. The group who were

Addiction With Substance Addiction
Addiction is a term used to describe the continued or compulsive use of a substance or engaging in
an activity that provides a pleasurable experience, despite the interference or negative effects it
poses on an individual and their responsibilities (PsychologyToday, 2017). Addiction involves the
brains reward, motivation and memory circuit (American Society of Addiction Medicine, 2017).
Dysfunction within these circuits leads to the pathological response of pursing reward from a
substance or other behaviours (American Society of Addiction Medicine, 2017). Two of the main
commonly known addictions are to alcohol and psychoactive substances; however, addiction also
encompasses a variety of behaviours such as eating, sex, shopping and gambling (PsychologyToday,
2017). In this paper I will explore the complex health challenge substance addiction, how the
concepts resilience hardiness and vulnerability relate to substance addiction, at risk individuals and
explore resources available for individuals who suffer with this chronic disease.
In the past, "substance abuse" and "substance dependence" were two different categories in the
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, a manual used to aid health care providers in
diagnosing and understanding mental illness (Casey, 2017). Recently, the manual has combined the
two categories into one "substance use disorder". Substance use disorder encompasses "hazardous
use of a substance causing social or legal problems and

Dsm Substance Abuse
The Counselor and the DSM of Substance Abuse
To begin with, defining substance use disorder and substance induced disorder for clarity and
comprehension is essential. To point out, substance disorders are categorized by DSM–5 combined,
with DSM–IV as substance use disorder and substance–induced disorders. "Both, categorized as a
single disorder and measured as a continuum over a 12–month period of substance use, defined
medically mild to severe, in context" (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Therefore, the
description of substance use disorder is the behavior, which come about from the use of
psychoactive drugs or choice of substances inhibiting disorders and patterns from the abusers. Next,
substance–induced disorders are the results ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Important to realize, the practices of using the DSM alleviates the misconceptions of when to use
the DSM for treating substance use disorders and dependency. "Therefore, counselors should stay
current about proposed changes within the DSM–5 because of the potential impact on diagnosing
and treatment plans/settings for their client's recovery treatment" (Jones, Gill, & Ray, 2012, p.115).
All things considered, the goal is to properly diagnose disorders either as dual diagnosis, co–
occurring, or singe diagnosis of a client's addiction/disorder utilizing the DSM as a resource guide
which enables communication, determine the levels of various programs or benefits for the client,
legal prospective, and most important treatment guides. Important to realize, substance use disorders
ad substance–induced disorder meet certain criteria, when diagnosing substance abuser, yet play of
one another, with regards to the DSM–5.
References
American Psychiatric Association(APA), May, 2013: DSM–5 Development
http://www.dsm5.org/Pages/Default.aspx
Jones, K. d., Gill, C., & Ray, S. (2012). Review of the Proposed DSM–5 Substance Use Disorder.
Journal Of Addictions & Offender Counseling, 33(2), 115–123.
Substance Abuse Treatment for Persons with Co–Occurring Disorders: A Treatment Improvement
Protocol, (TIP) Series, No. 42, by Substance Abuse and Mental Health

Substance Prevention Programs
PCN–501: Introduction to Addictions and Substance Use Disorders
Grand Canyon University
Even the most severely addicted individuals can participate in treatment; in the hopes of reducing
their drug and alcohol use. Treatment programs with the higher success rates offer a combination of
treatments. I will explore substance abuse prevention programs in this paper. I will summarize their
goals, funding, and effectiveness. In the state of Arizona, the Division of Behavioral Health Services
oversees A.A sectors. Alcoholics Anonymous' primary purpose is to help others remain or achieve
sobriety. Alcoholics Anonymous (A.A.) requires no dues or fees to be a member. The groups that
meet in the community are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Unlike Alcoholics Anonymous, treatment at Hazelden is expensive. Although some insurance is
accepted, it does not use slide–scale fees for the uninsured. Like A.A, Hazelden centers their
program around the 12–steps and fuses other elements. Hazelden has a residential setting that
incorporates group as well as individual therapy, lectures, discussions and attendance at 12–step
meetings that are run by counselors, nurses, physicians and psychologists. Treatment is
individualized, and Cognitive Behavioral as well as Motivational Enhancement therapy is included
in the process (Hazelden, 2012). Another prevention program is the school–based Drug Abuse
Resistance Education Program (D.A.R.E). D.A.R.E. is a non–profit tax–exempt organization that
oversees the training law enforcement receives in order to provide education in the schools on drug
use. D.A.R.E also markets for the program, licenses merchandise, and conducts assessment and
research. D.A.R.E has 4 regional training centers that are funded annually by the U.S. Department
of Justice grant. In addition, states receive individual funding from different sources (Cost of
D.A.R.E, 2014). The D.A.R.E. mission appeals to the parents and teachers of students, because the
of the ideal results the program promises. Parents naturally seek the safety of their children.
Unfortunately, according to the

Substance Abuse in America
In and around most large cities in America, the rising substance abuse epidemic has brought about a
renewed interested in determining the root cause of substance abuse, the effects of substance abuse
on individuals and societies, and the substance abuse treatment modalities that achieve the best
outcomes. In reviewing the current research on substance abuse there seems to be no one clear cause
of substance abuse disorders, although there is strong evidence that a number of life circumstances
may predispose an individual to a substance abuse disorder, as well as a number of protective factors
that may reduce an individual's risk of developing a substance abuse disorder. One important risk
factor that is commonly associated with substance ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are many reasons, in America, that these perceptions about the poor continue to exist,
however, researcher have little ability to gather valid data on poverty and its direct relationship to
drug abuse.
Many sociological studies fail to provide an accurate picture of substance abuse in a society for a
number of reasons. In treatment or survey interviews, substance abusing individuals frequently
misrepresent or misreport their frequency of use. Those living in poverty are often more transient in
their housing than those of middle and upper classes and may, therefore, be excluded from many
types of household surveys. Often, statistical information is gathered from treatment facilities;
however facilities do not all report into a national database and a large number of addicts never seek
services. One final problem with the validity of studies involving substance abuse and poverty is the
isolation, in many studies, of one or more drugs. Many researchers have focused on drugs, such as
crack–cocaine or heroin and not marijuana or powder cocaine (Jacobson and Ensminger, 2011).
While it is difficult to obtain valid data on the actual rate and incidence of substance abuse in
poverty ridden communities, researchers have been able to isolate some negative effects of
substance abuse and correlate them to socio–economic status. Many studies regarding

Substance Abuse Paper
Over the years substance abuse has been on the rise with many people falling victims. This paper
concentrates on substance abuse and addictive disorders in the African American population. When
it comes to the scope of the problem regarding the extent to which it affects the people, depression,
poverty, and stress is closely connected to alcohol abuse and appears to be the same for both men
and women (American Psychological Association, 2000). The National Institutes of Health (NIH)
reports that the risks of substance abuse, its consequences, treatment, and recovery differ by gender,
race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and age. The chances for substance abuse are best understood
when the conditions and influences are recognized as ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Government assistance is needed to help low–income women out of their current situations.
Research has found that while stress contributes to alcoholism, a positive social support can prevent
alcohol abuse from taking place (Mulia, Schmidt, Bond, Jacobs, & Korcha, 2008). African
Americans represent 12 percent of the U.S. population, and more than half are women, and about 35
percent of those women live in poverty (U.S. Census Bureau, 2000). There are various patterns
when it comes to drinking and alcohol addiction. Trends in alcohol use among African–American
women show four percent of women aging from 19 to 29 years of age consume alcohol daily, while
women ages 40 to 49 have the highest intake of alcohol consumption for women. Even though
admissions to substance abuse treatment centers, among African Americans, have declined over the
past twenty–seven years, African–American women continue to make up 25 percent of the center's
population. Although, patterns for the African American culture show that low–income men are at
the highest risk for alcohol abuse (SAMHSA, 2015). According to the article, Less Drinking, yet
More Problems: Understanding African American Drinking and Related Problems Compared to
European Americans, African Americans are more likely to live in poverty, be unemployed, and lack
educational skill, than other Americans. Financial difficulty puts the African American culture at a
disadvantage where their

Substance Abuse Intervention
Introduction
Drug and alcohol dependency not only affect the user, but also friends, family, coworkers and
various other subgroups that the user is involved in. Drug intervention is a difficult process that
involves understanding addiction. Many individuals believe that substance abuse is a choice and that
they can stop at any time, but the user chooses not to. "In reality, drug addiction is a complex
disease, and quitting takes more than good intentions or a strong will" (NCADD, 2015). The
statement made by the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence notes that it is a
disease. This disease consumes them and simply choosing to stop may not be an option. An
intervention is a long and involved process that needs the support of members in the user's life to be
effective. This paper will look at what an intervention is and the essential steps when attempting to
hold an intervention for a substance abuse patient.
What is an Intervention?
Family and friends may feel that an individual's substance abuse is taking over their lives and they
are not the same person they once were. After consultation with a health care professional it may be
necessary to come together and confront the individual about their ... Show more content on
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These include things that should be done as well as things that should not be done as they may
hinder a successful result. Do not hold an intervention on spur of the moment (Mayo Clinic Staff,
2014). This does not allow for the proper care, attention and planning prior to the intervention.
Initiating an intervention without the proper planning will only cause more harm than good. Ensure
that there is ample time to prepare. During the process of an intervention it can be helpful to the
participants to stage a rehearsal intervention (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2014). This allows the participants
to go over the material discussed and review their own personal

Depression And Substance Abuse
The occurrence or diagnosis of depression in relation to drug use or abuse presents itself as a bi–
directional relationship. Meaning the onset of one of these factors (depression or already present
substance use) creates an equal opportunity for the consequence of another factor to appear. Both
depression and substance use and dependency have the potential to co–habitat each other in a
comorbid state. Symptoms occurring with depression, especially if they are left untreated, are shown
to have increased rates of drug use potential while consistent substance use and abuse can cause
depressive symptoms. In examining each condition separately and in conjunction of one another as
well as a variety of different effects caused by substance use, treatment ... Show more content on
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In order to examine this relationship, substance abuse and addiction need to be understood on its
own first. Drug addictions contuse to persist on both a national and global level; it is also significant
to mention that such issues create a heavy burden on government and justice systems that deal with
them. In fact, "9% of Americans meet the diagnostic criteria for a substance abuse disorder (6% for
alcohol and 3% for illicit drugs), making it one of the most common chronic diseases in the United
States" (Compton & Change 2017). Such prevalence adds pressure to government systems and
taxpayers as they are, "estimated to cost Americans more than $400 billion annually: $224 billion
for alcohol ($25 billion in health care) and $193 billion for illicit drugs ($11 billion in health care)
(Compton and Chang 2017). Now, substance abuse or addiction are considered, "psychiatric
illnesses with specific indicators [which include] a strong desire to use (or craving), and
[interruption of] life activities [which are] generally reduced to drug–seeking, drug–using, and
recovering from the effects of use" (Compton & Chang 2017) When an individual tries an addictive
substance like nicotine, alcohol, or other illicit drugs, it activates certain parts of the brain which can
induce, pleasurable feelings and, "very strong memories that drive subsequent behaviors to repeat
the rewarding experience" (Compton & Change 2017). If such a drive continues to persist it can
transition into a habit and create a dependency on that substance. Now, likewise to treatments to
depression, those who suffer from substance abuse disorders also have a variety of treatment
options. These treatment options include long term and short term residential treatments (inpatient
and outpatient), individualized drug counseling, and group counseling (NIDA, n.d). With

Adolescence Substance Abuse
Being an adolescent myself and having a first hand perspective on adolescent substance abuse, I feel
that I have a certain perspective on the substance abuse and misconduct issues that others may not.
An old friend of mine went through these issues, with continuous and serious substance abuse along
with conduct problems. Personally, I believe that there is a serious lack of justification to begin
abusing substances, however, I understand that there are many factors that are involved when
developing an SUD. In this day and age there is so much information surrounding substances at
one's fingertips, the consequences are clearly outlined in numerous online websites, and television
ads, making most people very aware. I do consider the backgrounds ... Show more content on
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I feel that this is an important comparison due to the fact that parents usually have a greater
knowledge surrounding substance abuse and conduct issues, because they have had enough time to
experience and view these situations. It is also important due to the close relationships that parents
have with their children. The perspectives differ in a great way depending on the parent and
adolescent. Undoubtedly, there is not a parent that would wish a SUD or conduct issues on their
child, however, adolescents can see this as a punishment to their parent. In the particular situation
that I experienced my friend and her mother had unequivocal opposing perspectives on the matter,
the adolescent saw substance abuse as a minor action, with minor consequences, to gain that
temporary euphoric state of mind, and to cope with difficult circumstances; while the mother saw
this substance abuse as a major action, with major, life–threatening consequences. While the mother
believed all of this, there was almost a lack of following–through with the situation, she didn't want
to believe that her daughter could be doing all of these things, so she chose not to see it. I believe
that the perspectives of each group differ due to the considerable age gap and different experiences,
while one group (the adolescent) is enduring hardships during school time, the other group (the
parent) could have had different experiences in school, or has been graduated so long that the
hardships of school are forgotten. The gap of age is important also due to the mother having more
first hand experiences and perspectives on the

The Homelessness And Substance Abuse
Abstract
Homelessness and substance abuse are an issue for the U.S. and many other countries. There are
numerous studies that articulate substance abuse as the cause for homelessness. Even though this
may be true, this paper will explore how those who are homeless may be introduced to substance
abuse once on the streets. While there is conflicting information of the cause and effect of both
homelessness and substance abuse, this paper will give the reader the necessary information to
conclude that substance can indeed lead to the abuse of various drugs and alcohol in many cases. It
will discuss the importance of treating both of these issues together and the role that the church can
have for those who are living on the streets and are abusing drugs and alcohol. This paper discusses
various topics to support this claim by statistical research and research that has been given forehand
by actual homeless individuals who have become substance abusers. Research has been gathered
from various peer reviewed journal articles and textbooks. How Homelessness can Lead to
Substance Abuse
There are unfortunate events that may take place in someone's life, which can lead to stress.
Sometimes a crisis or a traumatic event can come without any warnings. A crisis can be a problem
that is too great for someone to handle, but it is not always bad (Wright, 2011). Trauma is the
response to any event that shatters a person's safe world, so that it is no longer a place they can feel
safe

Louisiana Substance Abuse
The best part about having an addiction to drugs and/or alcohol is finding out there are many people
out in the world who are willing to helps others recover from their addiction. If you are suffering
due to your inability to stop abusing substances, you can put an end to your suffering by taking two
important steps, admitting your are helpless over drugs and/or alcohol and finally reaching out for
help.
In Alexandria, Louisiana, that help comes in the form of two reputable treatment centers. Alexandria
is a mid–size city with a population of somewhere in the vicinity of 47,000 people. It's a vibrant
community with a diverse population and sufficient employment opportunities across many
industries. For people suffering from addiction, the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Choices of Louisiana Inc – Choices of Louisiana Inc specializes in the treatment and care of
pregnant/postpartum women. They offer a safe detox process under the care of licensed medical
staff. After the detox process is complete, patients are placed in outpatient counseling. If mental
illness is determined to be a part of the addiction problem, dual diagnosis treatment is also provided.
The facility's primary focus is giving treatment and care in an environment that is safe for the
woman and unborn child when applicable. Both private insurance and self–payment are viable
payment options.
Cenla Chemical Dependency Council Bridge House/Phase II – This facility offers a full slate of
treatment options for men, women and pregnant/postpartum women. When applicable, residential
living quarters can be made available for a patient's dependent children. This is a long–term
inpatient facility with traditional programs ranging from 60–120 days. After the completion of
treatment, patients are eligible for aftercare programs in affiliated sober living homes and halfway
houses. Great care is provided by licensed clinicians to all patients as they begin their adventure
down the road to recovery. Payment options are restricted to self–payment or loan financing for
qualified

Substance Abuse On The Family
Introduction
Substance abuse is an issue that continues to grow in America at an alarming rate. Families are an
important factor for the onset of substance abuse as well as the sustainment of the addiction (Gruber
& Taylor, 2006). The National Institute of Drug Abuse defines substance abuse as "A chronic
disease characterized by drug seeking and use that is compulsive, or difficult to control, despite
harmful consequences" ("Understanding Drug Use and Addiction," 2016). In order to prevent
relapse, success is found in the formation of familial and social relationships (Baharudin et al.,
2014). Substance abuse is a major stressor in the family system and it not only impacts the family's
relationships with those outside of the family but ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Statement of Problem
Recent literature has noted the impact drug use has on the family system and the many diverse
relationships that occur within the family. However, research surrounding drug use and its impact on
sibling relationships is lacking. Sibling relationships are an important dynamic of a family system,
therefore it is important to research how drug use impacts these relationships as well.
Purpose of The Study
The present study wishes to describe the impact that general opiate drug use has on sibling
relationships as a qualitative level. While literature surrounding the impact of drug use on the family
system is prominent, the present study wishes to bridge the gap in substance abuse literature and
family relationships by extending the research to focus solely on sibling relationships.
Research Question
How does general opiate drug use impact sibling relationships?
Literature Review
Substance abuse within the U.S. is growing at a fast pace with 100 people dying everyday from drug
overdoses, a rate that has almost tripled in numbers in the last 20 years. ("Addiction Statistics,"
2017). While research is extensive surrounding substance abuse in its most general sense, in recent
years research has expanded to the family members of individuals with substance abuse issues and
the toll that substance abuse takes on the family (Selbekk, Sagvaag, & Fauske, 2015). Literature on
this topic notes that alcohol or

Childhood Substance Abuse
What is substance use and abuse and why is it that some people seem to be drawn to drugs and
alcohol while others can go through life without any substance problems at all? We can define drug
addiction as a repetitive use of a given substance even though it may be harmful to the person using
the substance physically, psychologically, socially, and financially. Repetitive uses of drugs and
alcohol can cause chemical changes in the body, especially the brain causing a physical need to have
these substances in the body in order to function properly. Many substances can cause a physical
dependence making the individual use the substance multiple times a day just to get through the day.
Unfortunately, a lot of these drugs and alcohol can have very ... Show more content on
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If these risk factors can be caught early on, proper interventions can be put into place to help prevent
later substance use. Behavior intervention programs can be used if aggressive behaviors are caught.
Cognitive and behavioral therapies have been shown to reduce aggressive behaviors in children.
These therapies focus on finding the root causes of aggression and modifying behaviors. Children
with a tendency for aggression can be taught to recognize signs and learn ways to curb their
aggressive behaviors. Proper adult supervision in the home and at school may help to pick up on any
changes in behavior. "School–based interventions are widely advocated to prevent substance abuse.
Because of interest in making schools safe and drug free, most programs focus on preventing
substance abuse and violence by reducing risks/stressors and enhancing protective factors"
(Adelman, 2003). Preventative programs at school and in the community can help educate children
and adolescents on the dangers of drug and alcohol use. One program that has been going on in
many schools is red ribbon week. This involves schools spending a week every school year
discussing the risks of substance use, consequences for illegal substance use, and having the
students pledge to not use drugs. There may be guest speakers such as community officers or drug
addicts that discuss drug safety and the dangers of drug abuse. Teachers may have the students do
various art projects, play games, or have the students discuss reasons why they shouldn't abuse
drugs. There can also be programs for children and teens who are already abusing substances to help
them become sober and help them to make better choices for their

Substance Use Disorder And Substance Abuse
Substance use disorder is defined as being a pattern of maladaptive behaviors and reactions brought
about by repeated use of a substance, sometimes also including tolerance for the substance and
withdrawal reactions. (pg. 294). The individual I will be talking about for the project is someone that
came to crave a particular substance and rely on it every day. Their choice to devote so much of
their time to their substance caused issues between their family and friends. Both family and friends
started to drift away from this individual. It was almost like all they literally cared about was making
sure that they got their substance. Their choice of substance was alcohol. The individual had built up
a tolerance where if there was a longer period of time where they would have to go without they
would start to feel anxious and get sweaty, that was their withdrawal reactions exposed. A lot of
people that have alcohol use disorder specifically start off by developing their drinking problem in
there young college years. It is the prime time to be pressured by your peers to try and drink until
you puke your cuts out. For other individuals they are so lucky and it actually can be seen as being
disorder that is hereditary. For the specific individual that I am talking about for this paper he
developed it because a majority of his dad's side of the family had alcohol use disorder. This
individual new the odds were against him, but still fell into the same steps his father's side did.

Substance Abuse/Life Substance Evaluation
My field of interest is drug and alcohol addictions. More specifically I am interested in what
knowing exactly what can increase someone's odds of becoming and addict and what different levels
of addictions means in terms of the treatment that they may require. An assessment that I found that
seems to be able to establish good data as it relates to drug and alcohol abuse is The Substance
Abuse/Life Circumstance Evaluation or SALCE. SALCE was developed by ADE Incorporated in
1988 as a means to assess ten areas of substance abuse.
Subjects that are given the SALCE are judged based on five factors. These factors would be
considered the hits for this assessment and are as follows. First the SALCE takes into account the
subjects test taking attitude. By categorizing the subjects based on a point system that will place the
subjects in one of 6 categories of attitudes. The first attitude (a score of 0–7) suggests someone that
could possibly be needing further exploration due to emotional vulnerability. The second attitude
(score of 8–11) would be someone that may have low self–esteem or be self–critical. The third
attitude (score of 12–17) would be a straight shooter, they answer the questions that are asked with
little or no effort to give false answers. The fourth ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Respondents that are placed into the first level are those that have no reported drug use. The second
level includes respondents that report experimenting with drugs, or use without drug abuse
problems. The third level is respondents that have experiments with some but minimal behavior or
emotional changes. The fourth level are those that report drug use with symptoms that suggest that
there is a possibility of psychological or physical addiction to drugs. The final level are those
respondents that have drug use and have symptoms that they have either psychological or physical
addiction to

Substance Dependence Essay
Subsequently, most health care professionals utilize guidelines published by the American
Psychiatric Association as an official standard for defining problems associated with drug–taking
behavior. Substance–related disorders range from the ingestion of a drug of abuse to the experience
of side effects that are associated with medications. Moreover, the fourth edition of the association's
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–IV) which was published in 2000,
categorizes two specific behavioral conditions, which are substance dependence and substance
abuse. By definition, substance dependence is a diagnostic term used that identifies an individual
with significant signs of a dependent relationship with a psychoactive drug. For a person to be
classified dependent upon a substance three of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This could mean that the individual quits their job, neglects their children or family, or gives up
other activities that once were important. By definition, substance abuse is a diagnostic term used
that identifies a person who continues to consume drugs despite the fact that the drug–taking
behavior creates definite complications for that person. According to the DSM–IV, a person must
have never met the criteria for substance dependence for a particular drug to qualify as a substance
abuser, and at least one of the four criteria's listed must apply to the individual within a twelve–
month period. The first criteria listed is recurrent drug use resulting in failure to achieve major
obligations at work, school, or at home. For example, repeated absences from work, neglect of
children or their household, and suspensions from school would be signs that recurrent drug use is
going on. Next, the persistent drug use in situations that is physically hazardous to the individual
using the

The Problem Of Substance Abuse
The problematic situation that brings a client to seek counseling is not often seen clearly by the
client or others that may be associated. This is the reason that a therapist must use various
assessment tools to determine potential disorders that may be the root to a problem. Though at times
a client may seek counseling with a known substance abuse issue there are more cases where a
client is oblivious to the potential contribution that substance abuse has on the problem that help is
sought for. Understood that substance dependency is nondiscriminatory to age, gender, race or
creed, a therapist approaches the matter with the client knowing that a problem is recognized and
there is a hope for a solution being sought by the client. At the same time it is also known that an
addictive personality will be protective of this disorder, producing a defensive posture and plausible
deniability. A therapist must assess the potential of such a disorder existing and the readiness of the
client to change within the initial interview. Chamberlain (2013) notes that it is initially important to
ask a client directly about his or her use of drugs (p. 125). The interview process will assess the
proper screening that must take place in order to derive a proper diagnosis for treatment. Five such
tools used by therapists to screen and assess a client differ in various ways depending on the client's
age and willingness.
Considering an adult client that is seeking help for problems at work or in

Substanc Substance Abuse
Substance abuse is a mistreatment of liquid or solid substances or drugs. When you think of
individuals who take advantage of substances, what is your impression? Do you feel it is a choice
and are exceptions? If so what are those exceptions. Substances come in various forms. You have
your gateway substances such as marijuana and alcohol, which are common among the majority, are
considered "harmless" then you have your "harmful" frowned upon substances like cocaine and
"meth" that are notoriously known for damages on the brains functionality.
The negative effects of substance abuse on the individual, more so the society as a whole, cannot be
overestimated. Researchers of health, social and psychological fields have compounded various
studies to help identify and determine abused substances and in painstakingly find what motivates
the populace against abusing substances. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many do not understand the fact that not all substances that are abused are drugs, inhalants and
solvents like nitrates, spray paints, markers, glues are sometimes abused for their mood–altering
effects and it is mostly common amongst young children and adolescents. These are definitely
common everyday life tools and materials and people do not typically think of them as drugs. Some
drugs commonly associated with the terms substance abuse are cocaine, ecstasy, alcohol,
amphetamines, nicotine, opiates and

Substance Abuse In Schools
There are also internal factors that stimulates the need to try or abuse alcohol, tobacco and illicit
drugs. Negative mood such as depression, anxiety, low self –esteem, and lack of support triggers the
need for alcohol and marijuana. Victims of bullying are at high risk of substance abuse because they
cannot escape from their peers. They consume illicit drugs and alcohol as a way to handle situations.
When they have problems at home, at school, and with peers, they believe that the effects of drug
abuse will help them cope with stressors. Furthermore, they try illicit drugs for curiosity and new
experiences. A research done by Terry–McElrath, O'Malley, & Johnston (2009), addresses the
percentage of students who report specific reasons for the use of illicit substance, "57.2% of all
seniors checked "To have a good time" as a reason for use of one ... Show more content on
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Students who become addictive to these substances are more likely to drop out of school, as they
lose interest for academic achievement. They miss classes, get poor grades and show discipline
problems. According to research by Williams, Johnson, Williams T.R, Saunders, and Nebbitt (2007),
"students with lower grades were five times more likely to report marijuana use" (p. 2). Once they
are on drugs; they do not care about the academic opportunities. They do not aspire to graduate from
school and go to college. The lose scholarship opportunities because "adolescents who drop out of
school are more likely to be involved in substance use than are those who complete" (Williams et
al., 2007). Also, they have difficulties with memory and concentration. Williams et al., states that
"educational statistics report that 48.9% of all African American students entering ninth grade do not
graduate on schedule or drop out" (2007, p. 9). Substance abuse ruins the lives of students. They
take many wrong decisions and prefer the street and easy

Substance Abuse Outline
Substance Abuse
1.) This is the continues use of substances and it often associated with the persistent desire to use the
specific substance or no effort to control the amount of substance used
2.) This was most like title due to increase of drugs even though it was known that the substance can
cause negative effects
3.) The reason for substance abuse could be because at a time the where dependent on the substance
and this caused individuals to continue to use the untitled substance
4.) +can so the long term negative side effects of the substance
–can break a person social relations
Substance Dependence
1.) This is the shown through a person strong want for the substance and without the substance it
can cause withdrawal symptoms
2.) Historically ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The results showed that white students who had friends that smoked are most likely to also smoke
compared to non–white students. In conclusion they focused on the relationship between the
children and their parents. In indivualistic cultures teens will rebel against there parents which often
showed children smoking and in some collectivist culture children will not rebel
3.) No cultural bias– looked at all cultures
Bauman et al. (1990)
1.) The aim of this study was to see the relations between the parent's views towards smoking and
the likelihood of the children smoking. The assumption was that the parents influence the children's
smoking habits.
2.) In this study thy had a sample of children whose ages where around 12–114 and the looked at the
parent's views towards smoking and looked at the children's smoking habit. The results showed that
80% of the children who had parents who did not smoke or was against smoking was 7 times less
likely to smoke. In conclusion the parent's views have a role of the children's smoking habits
3.) Culturally the children are only from America and different cultures have different views towards

Substance Abuse In Colorado
The beautiful state of Colorado has diverse landscape including the snow–covered Rocky
Mountains, along with river canyons and arid deserts. The state's capital, Denver, is perched a mile
about sea level. The state of Colorado is a state of unmatched beauty. However, the state still has to
deal with its fair share of ugly drug and alcohol abuse problems. Read below to learn more about
Colorado's substance abuse and mental health issues:
Colorado Substance Abuse Facts:
In November of 2012, Colorado voted to legalize marijuana usage in small amounts for adults 21
years of age and older. Since this momentous decision, experts feel the drug problems within the
state have only gotten worse.
Prescription Opiate Painkiller Abuse:
The abuse of prescription

Substance And Substance Abuse Among Inmates
Substance Abuse among Inmates
Substance abuse can be a big problem in our criminal justice system when dealing with the number
of inmates who go back to their illegal activity after being released from custody. In specific,
inmates who are drug users/ abusers are to be expected to go back to drugs once they get out.
Without treatment they do not have the tools, knowledge, or resources to stay clean on the outside
when released. The biggest hazard for an ex–inmate in the community is getting back to their old
life, old friends, old contacts, and old drugs. To understand why these substance abusers are the way
they are, there must be a clear emphasis on how these substances first evolved and where they
originally came from. Focusing on substance abuse among inmates at the federal and state prison
can be extremely different when in custody and the programs and treatment that is provided in these
prisons can really have a great effect on these offenders when being released back into the
community. Substance abuse can range from a small marijuana problem to a severe heroin
addiction. Substance abuse is defined as overindulgence in or dependence on an addictive substance,
especially alcohol or drugs. This is a huge issue in our society today and has been since dated back
to the earliest age of 1794 otherwise known as the 17th century. Alcohol was the first "substance"
that was allowed to be of consumption. Alcohol was the first substance that was represented in
American

Substance Abuse Problem
Statement of the Problem
The Topic
In 2013, according to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (2014),
approximately 8.2 percent of the United States' population age 12 years or older, 21.6 million
persons, were classified with substance abuse or dependence. Longer patient treatment stays benefits
patients and society; however, against medical advice rates for substance abuse treatment facilities
are high despite the association between positive outcomes and treatment for substance users
(Kosanke, 2000). The change of behaviors exhibited by substance users is essential and key for
positive treatment outcomes (Mallows, 2014). The lack of substance abusers' behavioral changes
effects the completion rates of treatment facilities

Substance Abuse Is An Addiction
Introduction
Substance abuse is an addiction and it is the addition, which is referred to a chronic disease. It is this
chronic disease that is a significant and growing issue, especially among family units where either
one or two parents and/or parental guardians suffer from. Despite the various and complex reasons
that cause the parents or parental guardians to abuse substances, it is their children who suffer thus,
significantly affecting the parent/parental guardian and child bonding relationship. It is this bonding
relationship when compromised that negatively affects the child's overall socio–emotional and
psychological well–being, as well as times when there are physical risk factors such as abuse,
neglect, or mistreatment (Johnson, 2015). According to a study by
Connors–Burrow et al. (2009), there were approximately 5.1% number of children living with
parents of substance dependence and the remaining percentage living with parents of substance
misuse (Conners–Burrow et al., 2013). It is this percentage of children whose normal development
has been interrupted by the substance abuse and with the appropriate and supportive interventions,
these children can obtain a feeling of acceptance and attachment security to their parents/parental
guardians. (Where is your thesis?)
Problem Area
The fact is that more than 8.3 million children ranging from infancy to eighteen years old live in a
family unit where either the parents or parental guardians are substance abusers, as

Substance Abuse
Substance abuse is over indulging or abusing a harmful substance that could be addictive. From
experience I have watched several family members and friends deal with addiction. I have seen
them at their lowest and I have watched them overcome some heavy obstacles. They are the main
reason why I chose to take this class. My understanding of substance abuse is very minimum. I do
not fully understand their mindset and their reasoning for abusing alcohol or drugs. I am also under
the impression that it is easy to overcome such an addiction. For 15 years I have watched my brother
struggle with alcohol addiction and I am happy to say that he has completed inpatient treatment this
year. I have spent several years bailing him out of situations that ... Show more content on
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I understand that one substance abuse can lead to abusing several other substances. I also understand
that treatment depends on the substance the patient was using. Opioid treatment may be different
from alcohol treatment. With the psychiatric clinical setting and interacting with patients that was
going through substance abuse treatment, I realized I have so much more questions regarding
substance abuse. I feel like I just opened a book with incomplete sentences and no clarification to a
confusing story. I'm hoping this class will clear up some of my confusion and redirect my mindset
and thoughts on substance abuse. I am a very open minded individual but when I get going on a
topic, I am driven until the

Essay On Substance Use
There have been numerous attempts historically to control and address issues related to substance
use. Methods have been aimed at ways to eliminate the actual distribution, illegal sales and use of a
span of substances. These methods date back in to the 1800's and include some of the psychoactive
substances that are now in epidemic problems in many states. The methods put in place in history
have not been adequate to address the identified issues. Heroin is a substance where there has been a
rise in use, addiction, and overdose.
Attempts to control the actual supply of heroin available to people has not worked. Heroin was first
marketed in "1874"1. Even before then the hypodermic needle had been invented and used in order
to obtain a more ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There has been a more active response to medical opiate abuse known as "The Medicine Abuse
Project"2. This movement was in response to the increased documented usage of prescription drugs
among teens. There has been a push for states to comply with proper prescription medication
disposal, education, and for the pharmaceutical agencies to make drugs less tamper proof for
abuse2.
It does not appear that the failures related to the current issues around heroin abuse are due to lack
of efforts to control the problem. However, this maybe a reflection of deeper issues around
corruption, poor funding, and of course the continued demand for the drug. There is a continued
need to address the issues that fuel addiction. Finances should be allocated toward prevention and
then in to treatment. There is historical information that has shown that removing the demand for a
particular substance can eliminate part of the problem. Possibly addressing long standing issues that
drive people to abuse substances in the first place may further alleviate the problems.
Heroin abuse has shown itself at various times in the history of abuse of substances across time.
Innovative plans to address addiction, early prevention and education, along with new strategies to
eliminate the source of drugs all need to be explored in a timely, expedited

A Report On Substance Abuse
Substance Abuse
Whitney Primeau
Saginaw Valley State University
Abstract
There are many factors that impact vulnerability including social conditions, such as education,
environmental factors, nutrition, stress and prejudice along with a family's poverty level.
Vulnerability will be discussed as it relates to adolescent substance abuse. Adolescence is considered
a vulnerable time in life for many reasons and it's the most vulnerable time in life for an individual
to develop a substance abuse disorder (SUD). This disorder will be explored through the utilization
of the Bioecological Family Systems Theory and will be discussed through each system level
(microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem).
Substance Abuse
Vulnerability
Community health is comprised of many components and the ultimate goal is to promote the health
and well–being of all individuals, regardless of their immediate resources (i.e. insurance).
Throughout the community, there are various resources that are available to all members. These are
utilized to increase access to care, healthcare adherence, and the overall health of the community.
Vulnerability, as explained in regards to different populations, is considered multidimensional
because it incorporates many factors, especially when evaluating an individual's level of risk.
Resource limitations, poor health and health risks are directly linked to vulnerability and there are
many other components that

Substance Abuse And The Active Substance Abuser
Unbeknownst to many addicts and alcoholics, is the silent suffering of their loved ones as they
struggle to cope with the misadventures of the active substance abuser. Unfortunately, many people
in this situation may feel alone and lost when it comes to the pathway to recovery. Not only for the
addict or alcoholic, but a course of action that can give back some semblance of control and peace to
the spouse. Sadly, the odds are never in favor for either of the two parties involved; however, people
determined to salvage their connection with a loved one may yet be able to do so. Substance abuse
of a loved one can be a near impossible situation to manage; whether intimacy problems, unmet
living responsibilities and/or co–dependency issues ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Sexual intercourse or palpable affection are but two, albeit very critical, factors that play to the
healthy levels of physical intimacy shared by a couple. Unfortunately, when a spouse abuses
substances a whole litany of side–effects can occur. For starters, the non–alcoholic spouse may be
generally less attractive due to their significant others behavior. Also, the libido of either a man or a
woman are adversely impacted by chronic substance abuse. Lastly, desire may be there for both
parties, but male addicts and alcoholics may experience some degree of erectile dysfunction. Other
than the obvious endorphins, dopamine and other "feel–good" chemical reactions that naturally
occur when two people engage in sexual congress, couples that fall short in this part of a
relationship may feel additional frustration and inadequacies that tie into a deeper emotional
intimacy concern. Secondly, emotional intimacy is for most couples the far more important tie that
will make or break many relationships. After all, couples spend a majority of their time connecting
on levels other than sex. Respect, trust, value and other feelings create bonds that will dictate the
success of a relationship. Alcohol and drugs are effective in their means to distort and inhibit
emotional connections. For the substance abuser, the priority first and foremost is how to get that
next drink or drug. This is a tough pill to swallow for most loved ones, as they may

Substance Abuse Effects
Many people fail to realize the solid impact social issues can have on our everyday lives.
They have the power to affect our lives so greatly that they can leave a negative mark on our lives as
well as the lives of those around us. One main reason as to why people commonly fall into addiction
or substance abuse is the need to mask up particular emotions that they don't want revealed. These
particular emotions deal with aspects of their lives such their family life, educational, or work
aspects. Abusing a drug can help a person forget certain problems for some time which eventually
leads to addiction when reaching the stage where they literally need the drug to function. For this
reason, illicit drugs such as, marijuana, heroin, cocaine, are ... Show more content on
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To abuse and to be addicted have their own separate meanings. However, one leads to another and
the two can cause a great deal of damage. To abuse means to misuse something compared to being
addicted to something which means physically and mentally dependent on a particular substance,
and unable to stop taking it without incurring adverse effects. Although turning to a substance to
receive a sense of euphoria isn't always the right answer, people in areas that are below poverty level
may have nothing else to resort to. Newark, the largest city in New Jersey, remains one of the more
segregated cities in the state. This is mainly because it's African–American population is living
almost entirely separate from its Hispanic and white populations. As of 2017, it has a population of
277,140 where over 17.8% of people are unemployed and 25.3% of individuals are below poverty
level. Among people within this city, drug abuse and addictions will reach an all time high due to the
social issues including, family, education, unemployment and public safety. After researching more
about each social issue as a whole, I have learned that is more likely for people to turn to harmful
substances in a city like Newark. The social

Substance Abuse Trauma
THE CONNECTION BETWEEN CHILD ABUSE AND DRUG ADDICTION
Child abuse is often a linking factor in history of substance abusers, Drug, Alcohol or other risky
behaviours would fall into the category of substance abuse. In this essay I will discuss how I think
child abuse aids is a direct cause of substance abuse in adults later in life, in addition to evidence
supporting my thesis which is the fact child abuse is a linking factor to substance abuse. "Two thirds
of adults in drug treatment were either physically, sexually or emotionally abused during their
childhood" (Unknown, 2015). Almost all women that reside in Canada's drug capital in the
downtown Eastside of Vancouver have been subjected to either sexual or physical trauma during
childhood ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Constant stress in the environment during child hood can contribute to adult substance abuse. A few
stressors could be parents fighting, family financial struggles, divorce, death of a family member or
constant moving. For some adults, stressors could lead to developed feelings of being unwanted or
feeling lonely and could result in the abuse of drugs to cope with the stressors endured during their
childhood. When parental figure(s) or guardian(s) is constantly absent or negligent, the child will
find new forms of role models, which is often their peers who may come from worse off homes or
backgrounds, and influence and aid in developing negative

Substance Abuse In Juveniles
The Effect of Substance Abuse in JuvenilesJuvenile substance abuse has a tremendous and far
reaching impact on society. Diagnosing and treating juvenile substance abuse can be inhibited by the
juveniles' recantation of events that impact abuse; cultural disparities and peer support network are
also relevant and affect the juveniles' disclosure of substance abuse. Therefore, in–depth research is
imperative to obtain proper assessment tools in order to properly treat this population; human
service professionals require understanding of cultural, gender and socioeconomic differences when
assisting this population. UNDERSTANDING SUBSTANCE ABUSE CRITERIAAccording to the
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual V(American Psychiatric Association, ... Show more content on
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Elkins (2016) suggests professionals ought to become cognizant of signs and symptoms of
substance abuse. In addition, Elkins (2016) suggests professionals should become aware of available
resources and treatment options in order to properly treat adolescent drug abuse. Paino, Aletraris,
and Roman (2015) discuss the impact of evidence based practices when treating adolescents with
substance abuse. One must consider the need for treatment providers to have specialized treatment
options for adolescents ( Paino, Aletraris, and Roman 2015) Furthermore, Paino, Aletraris, and
Roman (2015) delves into medication assisted treatment– providing medication to assist with
cessation of drug use, and how it's not utilized in adolescents due to age restraints. As noted by
Paino, Aletraris, and Roman (2015) treatment options for juveniles seeking to abstain from
substance abuse is limited and needs more research.

Ayahuasca Substance Abuse
Summary
In 2011, a preliminary–though not well–conducted–study of ayahuasca–assisted treatment for drug
abuse was conducted in Canada. As part of the study, twelve subjects with addictions to alcohol,
cocaine, tobacco, cannabis, opiates, and other drugs participated in several days of group therapy
and two ayahuasca treatments. Data concerning psychological and behavioral conditions were
collected through a series of surveys both before and after the completion of the study. The
categories being assessed were comprised of mindfulness, empowerment, emotional regulation,
hopefulness, and quality of life. The measures were then calculated by using ANOVA, or analysis of
variance, which is a statistical model used in order to analyze the differences ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
First described academically during the 1950s by Harvard ethnobotanist Richard Schultes,
ayahuasca is derived from the Brazilian Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis. The resulting
brew is highly concentrated with a compound known as dimethyltryptamine (DMT) which causes
vivid, dream–like hallucinations (3). DMT is found endogenously in many organisms, with small
amounts present in the pineal gland of mice and perhaps that of humans. However, because of a
family of enzymes in the liver known as monoamine oxidases, ingestion of DMT–containing
substances has no effect on humans as the compound is quickly broken down. It is for this reason
that the ayahuasca brew must be made with the specific species of plants. By boiling the plants for
several hours, alkaloids which act as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are released. This
inhibits the enzymes from breaking down the DMT and allows the substance to cross the blood
brain barrier

Substance Abuse And Addiction
Based on our readings and my understanding some of the cause(s) of substance abuse and addiction
have many factors that can play a key role. For example our text book points out that some people
want to escape their reality, or numb their emotional pain. It can also be social pressure from peers
or our own upbringing (Doweiko 2015). I believe we as a society should look at the individual and
not just the problem. Looking at ones soul and finding the root cause why the person abuses or has
become addicted to a substance or substances is a very important start of the journey of sobriety. We
cannot brush off the fact somewhere the soul lacks something that the substance is fulfilling or once
had fulfilled for that person. We read about Gods love

Substance Abusing Parents
Abstract
In this review, we consider the probable assistance children will need as a result of drug abusing
parents based on what we know about the concerning risks faced by these children and the
detrimental parenting they are experiencing. In addition, we do not talk about the source of drug or
alcohol abuse in parents, however focus on the intricate inter–related consequences that often follow
with drug or alcohol abuse in parents. The purpose of this review is to find ways to avoid the
negative outcomes that follows children with substance abusing parents. First, we will be reviewing
studies that display high risks factors these children face prevalent to poorer academic performance
including mental, emotional, and social difficulty. We ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Puttler, Zucker, Fitzgerald, & Bingham, 1998, p. 19) Furthermore, children of substance abusing
parents also show increased rates of issues like depression, aggressive behavior, and anxiety as well
as less social skills, self esteem, and excitement. These children are 8 times more likely to go
through at least one of these problems if not more when compared to other children. (Martin et al.,
1994, p. 177–203) In an article from the Toronto Star, a 27 year old mother, Taquisha McKitty, had
overdosed from drugs resulting in her death, leaving her 9 year old daughter behind. (Toronto Star,
2017) Her daughter is now to be faced with multiple types of problems as well as having her priority
for academics thrown off and solely focus on her mother's death during her important years of
development. About 570,000 people in the U.S die each year from drugs and/or alcohol, some of
which who have children and leave them alone. (National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2017) Studies
have also found that children dealing with substance abusing parents have experienced emotional
consequences like mistrust, guilt, shame, confusion, fear etc. When the parents are unable to meet
the developmental needs of the child, they begin to parent

Substance Use Of Substance Use Disorder
Substance use may be viewed as recreational to some, however to others, it is the beginning of the
road to an addiction. According to the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders: DSM–V (2013), a diagnosis of substance use disorder is based on evidence of
impaired control, social impairment, risky use, and pharmacological criteria. Substance use
disorders occur when recurring drug use, including alcohol, causes clinically and functionally
significant damage, such as health problems, disability, and failure to meet major responsibilities at
work, school, or home. These criteria are nearly identical to that of addiction, which is a reason they
are used interchangeably. In the last decade, substance use, particularly illicit drug use, has been
increasing ("DrugFacts: Nationwide trends | National Institute on Drug Abuse", 2014). Is this due to
the high stress society in which we live, or an individual's predisposition to addiction? In all
likelihood it is a combination of both, as well as emotion regulation, a process which allows for the
evaluation, monitoring, and modifying of emotional reactions to accomplish goals. This paper will
address the possible role of emotion regulation on substance use disorders and the research behind
it.
Although drugs vary in their chemical makeup and pharmacological properties, many drugs are used
and abused due to their anxiolytic and euphoric effects, increasing positive emotions and alleviating
many

Substance Abuse Counseling
The reason I selected Standards for Assessment in Substance Abuse Counseling is, because of
personal past experiences. Therefore, I have developed a passion of wanting to help people afflicted
by substance abuse issues overcome this deadly obsession breaking the chains that bind them.
When I researched the Standards for Assessment in Substance Abuse Counseling it directed me to
the Association for Assessment and Research in Counseling (AARC) formerly (AACE). Which is
connected to the International Association of Addictions & Offender Counselors (IAAOC) a
division of the American Counseling Association (ACA) therefore they are in accordance with the
bylaws and ethics of the ACA? Although, while researching the IAAOC website they provided

Incarceration Substance Abuse

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