Lousy Sex Summary

Lousy Sex Summary
The article The Opposite Sex: with Lisa May Stevens excerpted from the book Lousy Sex, by
Gerald N. Callahan dives deep into the concept of gender that we humans have deemed a taboo
subject. This article sought to question what gender is and why humans feel the need to have it.
Callahan explores other species that ignore our strict rules regarding gender and thrive just the same.
This article was extremely fascinating and helped me to open up my perception as to what gender
truly is. It was also surprising to me that so many other people are confused as to what gender really
is. Humans have tried so hard to make gender black and white, but it is often more flowing and
unique to each person. Gender is an amazingly interesting topic that seeks ... Show more content on
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This gender nonconformity that Lisa May has, was obviously not something that Lisa May chose,
but is something that she has to live with and hopefully can love. I was surprised to hear that Lisa
May lives in Fort Collins, as a lot of the people here are what most would classify as hegemonic
America. I am so appreciative of people who dare to identify as something different and people like
Lisa May, who wear these differences on the outside. I appreciated this article's description of Lisa
May and the way it showed her humanness and I can now understand that we have more similarities
than differences. One of the quotes in the article that really stuck with me was when Lisa May said,
"I'd rather people see me as sexy than as a dog dressed up." Not only is this very strong language
with a lot of imagery, but it really makes others think about their actions. To think of any women
calling herself a dog is heartbreaking and is something that should never go through their minds.
What is even more unsettling is that in the case of Lisa May people feel as though they have the
right to see her differences as ugly. It then makes sense that May would feel as though she would
have to do extra. People like Lisa May will probably always be noticed first in a room, but that
doesn't necessarily have to be a
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Boy Who Was Raised As A Girl By Bruce Reimer
Society demands strict imposition of gender expectations and must constantly be reassured of the
traditional gender and sexual binary. A gender binary is a biopolitcal regulation of masculinity and
femininity identity while the sexual dimorphic system theorizes the existence of only two bodies
distinguished by their reproduction capacities. However, the "regime of 'sperm and egg cell carriers'
is going astray" (Preciado 105). In As Nature Made Him: The Boy Who Was Raised as a Girl, John
Colapinto reports David Reimer's frustration of gender identity as a result of faulty and unethical
medical procedures. Born as Bruce Reimer, David is accidentally circumcised, deprived him of a
functional male reproduction system. In regulation of imposed societal guidelines of masculinity, he
"is incomplete, physically defective, and that he must live apart" (Colapinto Chapter 1). ... Show
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Money aggressively advocates that Bruce becomes Brenda with surgical reassignment and abusive
psychotherapy without any consideration of multimorphism, an alternate system that theorizes
multiple bodies outside of rigid reproductive identities. Although Brenda resists her feminine
identity to become David, he must manage the mental damage imposed by Money's procedures.
Money performs medical procedures that enforce strict adherence to binary biological sex; society
values the gender and sexual binary so greatly that Money is glorified in spite of his medical
practices being clearly unethical. By narrating the biography of the case of David Reimer, Colapinto
reveals the dangers of imposing rigid gender

Explain The Three Worst Sexual Problems
The three worst sexual problems include the sexual disorders, the gender dysphoria, as well as the
paraphilic disorders. The sexual disorder entails the desire, the arousal, and even the orgasm. Pains
that are also linked with the sex may also result in other dysfunction. The diagnosis is possible after
six months, and it leads to the impairment or even the distress, which make it considered as a
disorder (Nevid, Spencer & Beverly 336). It involves little interest in any the sexual activity,
masturbation, the sexual fantasies, and even the intercourse. It leads to almost half of the complaints
presented at the sexuality clinics. It affects around five percents of the male. The gender dysphoria is
also among the sexual difficulties that entail

Pediatric Ethics and the Surgical Assignment of Sex Essay
Pediatric Ethics and the Surgical Assignment of Sex
One in every 2,000 babies born every year are neither male nor female, they are what is known as
hermaphrodites. These children and their families are forced into a life of hardship and encounter
many conflicts, which need to be addressed. Should the parents choose the assignment of the sex to
a newborn child and subject them to a life of surgery and doctor visits? There are 100 to 200
pediatric surgical reassignments every year. Many of these children are subjected to doctor visits for
the rest of their childhood. Worst of all, many of these children find themselves resembling or
identifying with the gender opposite of that which their parents chose for them.
Conditions That ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Women can also suffer the same affliction. A 5–alpha–reductase deficiency will turn a female to
male at puberty, by giving off too much testosterone. The most common hormonal disorder is
known as congenital adrenal hyperplasia, which is a hormonal imbalance that masculinizes XX
(female) children.
Surgery and Treatments:
These disorders are very traumatizing for children both physically and emotionally.
Treatments for these conditions are tedious and expensive. If surgery is decided upon for
reconstructive purposes, then pediatric surgeons are a necessity. Also, the patients are forced to have
further appointments with pediatricians, endocrinologists, urologists, and more. Concurrently, these
children will have to be seen by a psychiatrist, or a psychologist to deal with the emotional stress
that these abnormalities bring. Another form of treatment that goes along with surgery is hormonal
treatment, which helps with the transformation to either gender. Doctors enhance feminine traits by
prescribing estrogen, and testosterone is given to enhance masculine traits.
Case Study:
Although medical technology has come a long way, these reassignment surgeries are not always
beneficial. One very popular case study is that of identical twin boys born in the 1960's. At the age
of 7 months, an electrocautery knife burned one of them during a routine circumcision. The twin
who was injured was named John. A psychologist at the Gender Identity Clinic at

How Hermaphrodite Children Should Not Have Gender...
Stage 1 Biology
Issues Investigation – Cells and organisms
Hermaphrodite children should not have gender–assignment surgery as an infant but should rather
have the choice to do so as an adult.
Introduction: Believe it or not, hermaphrodites are more common than you would think. But at birth,
their parents think they're doing their child a favour by having them undergo surgery to being just
one gender rather than both. Is this justified? Are parents and doctors right to do this to the life of a
child? What about the child's say? Should they be able to choose whether or not if they want to be
one gender when they're an adult? Or should they be forced to live a life as a gender that they may
not want to be?
Biological background: If you look ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The ovarian and testicular tissue may be separate, or the two may be combined in what is called an
ovotestis. Affected individuals have sex chromosomes showing male–female mosaicism (where one
individual possesses both the male XY and female XX chromosome pairs). Most often, but not
always, the chromosome complement is 46, XX, and in every such individual there also exists
evidence of Y chromosomal material on one of the autosomes (any of the 22 pairs of chromosomes
other than the sex chromosomes). Individuals with a 46, XX chromosome complement usually have
ambiguous external genitalia with a sizable phallus and are therefore often reared as males.
However, they develop breasts during puberty and menstruate and in only rare cases actually
produce sperm. In 46, XX intersex (female pseudo hermaphroditism), individuals have male
external genitalia but the chromosomal constitution and reproductive organs of a female. In 46, XY
(malepseudohermaphroditism), individuals have ambiguous or female external genitalia but the
chromosomal constitution and reproductive organs of a male, though the testes may be malformed
or absent. (The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica, 2015) Hermaphrodites are actually quite
common; more often being shown through plants and animals such as worms, snails and barnacles.
(The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica, 2015) Most fish also have the ability to change gender
over a course of time.
Points of Views:

Essay on Intervening Surgical Intervention
Between the Sexes is a compelling narrative. Through several anecdotes, it illustrates the
devastating psychological implications of early surgical intervention on intersexuals. According to
the article, the surgery robs individuals of their sexual gratification, their gender identity, and their
innocence. It's argument is noble, yet flawed. Authors Christine Gorman and Wendy Cole spin
several sad yarns of intersexed people who are upset with handling of their gender assignment. They
tell horror stories of people kept in the dark about their intersex, about a child forced to stop acting
like a boy and become a girl, a teen who was raised to be a girl, but developed into a male. Gorman
and Cole stumble into the fallacy of hasty ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is also highlighted in Between the Sexes, when Debbie Hartman makes the hasty choice to
change her son, Kyle into a girl. Both parents and intersexed individuals show a great deal of
confusion within the standard, two–gender system of the modern world. The seven people from
"Gender Identity and Coping...", were asked if they were happy with their gender reassignment
surgery. Six replied that they were not (Schweizer, 196). All of these case studies may take from a
small sample, but they also all point to similar results. Although, all six described their
dissatisfaction with the surgery differently, implying a deeper level of consideration than Gorman
and Cole display. One wanted to be left as they were. Another wished their parents chose the other
sex. Generally, though, Between the Sexes's assertion that gender reassignment is psychologically
harmful is well supported. In order for this to be truly acceptable, researchers would need a
sampling of a group of intersexuals who were left unaltered. Unfortunately, no such study exists.
The reason for this can be found in the societal pressure to, at some point, choose one of the two
sexes. As Between the Sexes states, "Nobody is arguing that babies should be

The Intersex Documentary 'Me My Sex And I'
Kevin Grullon
3/27/17
Essay 2
Human Behavior in Perspective Intersex is the general concept used for a variety conditions in
which an individual is born with genitals, or a reproductive system, that does not fit the 'typical'
sexual anatomy of a male or female. The measurement of this norm, is considered as 'Phall–O
Metrics', which decides what is the right size of a male or female's genitalia at birth by a scale of 0–
5 centimeters. Although there might be constraints to deciding whether the individual at birth is a
male or female, I believe that surgery to overcome intersexual conditions of a newborn, or even a
premature child, should be decided by the individual once they grow and develop to the appropriate
age, possibly at around of 18–25 years of age. In concern of moral rights, the own individual should
have the personal opinion or say over the doctors or parents. ... Show more content on
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Once a child is born with divergent genitals, whether it is a clitoris or penis that doesn't fit the
'Phall–O Metrics', or genitals that do not look of a male or female with certainty, doctors will often
suggest performing surgery of the genitalia during the infancy of the person to make the genitals fit
the standards of a male or a female. These surgeries might be considered a possibility by doctors and
parents because normally they can be fearful of the appearance of 'irregular' genitals. Also, doctors
and parents also believe that making the gonads appear more typical will prevent the intersex
individual from facing a gender

Examples Of Identity And Coming Of Age
Identity and coming of age are the most important gearings in a life. In fact, human beings has to
find and accept their own identity in order to come of age. Identity reveals the acceptance of the
origins of a person, its sexual and social desires and furthermore, its acceptance itself. Thus, coming
of age is complete thanks to the identity a person accepts, then it takes maturity and more
confidence. In this essay, two characters will be confronted to a search of an identity in order to
come of age. First, Jhumpa Lahiri introduces us to her main character in her novel The Namesake,
Gogol, a troubled boy that has to grow up with an "unusual" name. Secondly, Jeffrey Eugenides in
Middlesex inroduces us to Calliope/Cal Stephanides, an intersex person.
The novel ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The two characters shows some common points such as hte fact that both are surrounded by their
family but most of all their origins. This essay has analyzed the two different journey taken by the
characters to find an identity and come of age. However, to find an identity is harder than it

Gender Roles Associated With Male And Female Sexuality
Intersex individuals are born with genitalia that cannot be identified as either clearly male or female.
When children are born with ambiguous genitals, medical professionals often advise parents to opt
for genital–normalization surgery. This procedure is used in an attempt to "resolve" some of the
ambiguity and reconstruct the genitalia to more closely resemble the common features associated
with male and female sexuality. After the surgery, the intersex individuals are raised in a manner
consistent with the gender roles associated with their genitals. However, as these children age and
develop, a variety of negative results can arise due to their troublesome situation. Research shows
that in an attempt to maintain the gender binary, performing genital–normalizing surgery on intersex
individuals at birth repeatedly leads to unnecessary chronic physical and adverse psychological
consequences. Furthermore, the negative repercussions and unwarranted suffering felt by intersex
individuals due to these surgeries are entirely avoidable.
In "Genetics of Sexuality", Eric Vilain reports the following:
Intersexuality is not rare. In its traditional definition (impossibility of distinguishing whether the
individual is male or female), the incidence is estimated at 1/4,500 births. If all minor variants of the
shape of genitalia are included in the definition of intersex, the incidence rises close to 1%. These
numbers show that, although not spoken about as openly as other conditions,

Middlesex By Jeffrey Eugenides Essay Questions
Middlesex Final Test
Prompt 2: In the event of Cal working for the Sixty–Niners in the book Middlesex by Jeffrey
Eugenides, he learns to come to terms with both himself and his gender identity. An example would
be how when Cal joined the Sixty–Niners, he met other hermaphrodites like Zora who taught him
how to come to terms with himself and supported him throughout the process. This is shown in the
quote "'Look at you. No one would ever know." "I want people to know, Cal." "How come?" Zora
folded her long legs under herself. With her fairy's eyes, paisley–shaped, blue and glacial looking
into mine, she said, "Because we're what's next.(490)'" Zora explains to Cal why she doesn't try to
hide the fact that she's a hermaphrodite and even ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Prompt 3: The central conflict of the book Middlesex by Jeffrey Eugenides is gender identity which
is shown through Calliope's struggle with determining and accepting her true gender as a
hermaphrodite. The conflict also affects other characters as it causes grief, confusion, and leads to.
Calliope's first encounter with her gender identity crisis was when she develops feelings and sexual
attraction to the Object which is stated in "Jerome knew what I was, as suddenly I did, too, for the
first time clearly understood that I wasn't a girl but something in between. I knew this from how
natural it had felt to enter Rex Reese's body, how right it felt, and I knew this from the shocked
expression on Jerome's face"(375). The experience of having intercourse with Jerome and
fantasizing being in Rex's position shows that Calliope isn't just a female but something in between
and that adds more to her suspicion and confusion of her actual gender. This also affects other
characters as it leads up to Calliope having a sexual relationship with the Object which reveals the
Object's true feelings towards Calliope and her actual sexuality. She also has another encounter with
her gender identity when she discovers that she's biologically a boy who had been raised as a girl. In
the file by Dr. Luce, it describes Calliope's condition with the description " As the girl's gender
identity was firmly established as female at that time

Homosexuality In My Child: A Conceptual Analysis
After anxiously waiting for my child to arrive, I was prepared to find out what sex my child would
be. However, as the nurse completed the ultra–sound, and I asked, is it a boy or a girl, she stared
blankly at me. I asked once again, what sex is my child, and this time, the only thing that came out
of her mouth was intersex. Intersexuality was a condition that I had never heard of until this moment
in my life. The question of what this condition would mean and how it would affect my child made
me afraid because there was nothing that could be done to "fix" my child. According to the doctor
intersexuality is a condition that occurs in about 1 in 12,000 births (Hines 21). It is described as
having ambiguous genitalia, which makes it hard to decide what sex the child falls into. It was up to
me to determine what sex my child would be, and while deciding I would have to think of every
aspect because this decision would affect my child not only physically, but psychologically. ... Show
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If my child was healthy, I would remain with my choice and let my baby live as an intersex
individual, and let him or her decide when I found it appropriate to do so. My baby will live as an
intersex baby, and even though society might look down upon me for making such an important
decision, I will know that have made the right decision. There is nothing better than knowing that
your child can and will decide on what she or he will be for the rest of its life. Society will not affect
my decision because if I was to conform to the "normal" standards, my child's identity would
eventually be questioned (expand on this). My baby would not be "normal" even if enhanced to
appear female. With whatever decision I make, society will always have a different perspective
about this condition, making it hard for them to

Multiple Norms Of The Reproductive Systems Essay
Various medical conditions that do not fit the binary norms of the reproductive systems are
considered as intersex. Intersex individuals may have pronounced male or female reproductive
anatomy but are mismatched internally. They may also have anatomies that phenotypically differ
than the normal. Some consider patients whose injured genitals were reconstructed and reared
following the newly–assigned genitalia as intersex (Diamond and Beh, 2008). A conservative count
of about 1 in 1,500 to 1 in 2,000 births are identified as intersex births but may vary depending on
the condition at infancy and in late diagnoses of specific intersex conditions (Blackless et al, 2000).
Problems arise as intersex individuals mature as they come to realize their unconventional bodies, at
the same time, trying to establish their own person and identities. Medical management of intersex
individuals are at the forefront of both problems and solutions as conditions can sometimes be kept
in secrecy (Diamond and Beh, 2008). It is then the aim of this paper to define intersex and those
impacted by these conditions. Intersex individuals are marginalized people who struggle for
acceptance, want to establish their gender identity and strive for social equality.
The difficulty of being intersex begins at infancy. Doubtful sex cannot be conclusively diagnosed at
birth. No straightforward remedy can be learned by clinicians in remedying intersex infants but most
rely on the histological appearance of the

Androgynous Pauline: Queering Gendering Expressions in 1...
Michael Van Huis BIBL 440.J1
03.11.13
Androgynous Pauline: Queering Gender Expressions in 1 Thessalonians 2:1–12 Introduction At
Abilene Christian University, the predominating discourse towards biblical exegesis circulates
around two methodologies, the synchronic (social–rhetorical) and diachronic (historical–critical)
approaches.1 Although both methods are required for valid exegesis, the tendency to gloss over
nontraditional hermeneutics could tentatively result in detrimental ministry, specifically to
nontraditional people groups. Failure to see through diverse perspectives almost always results in
tragedy. Therefore, the purpose of this short exposition is to highlight the value of nontraditional
hermeneutics, by exposing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Vincent Leitch (New York: W.W. Norton & Company Inc, 2001), 20–25. 5
Ibid., 22. 2
Michael Van Huis BIBL 440.J1
03.11.13
This is where Foucault's examination of power in Discipline and Punish is seen as "a circulation or
distribution of knowledge."6 The commonality of knowledge is what enforces the "meanings and
functions of normalization."7 Human beings who do not function in the majority of the normative or
refuse to conform towards the ubiquitous standard will endure the consequences by being classified
as abnormal and being excluded from the norm. Through the works of Judith Butler (who is
influenced by Foucault and Derrida), a novice deconstruction towards the gender binary could point
towards how, in actuality, gender operates primarily out of performance. For gender to function
within the norm, gender must correlate within heteronormativity.8 Thus all aspects of anatomy and
sexuality have been originated from structures built by society. Society has placed meaning on the
semantics and schema of language that determine gender roles, sexual roles, and how they intersect
with one another. It is here where deconstruction is seen as the inverting and reinscription of
traditional binary fixations. Additionally, the reality of gender or sexuality is never without a
hermeneutical bias precisely because reality is always mediated through the "lens of language."9
From the ontological example, even though male is not female, female is needed in order

Biblical Hermeneutics
The three categories of analysis that figure prominently in womanist biblical hermeneutics are race,
gender, and class. Canon, Douglas, Shanell Smith, Martin, and Williams all emphasize race, gender,
and class as interlocking and intersecting oppressive forces. Weems presupposes all structures of
domination as related and dependent upon other institutionalized forms of domination. Shanell
Smith expands these categories by offering a critique against linguistics, metaphors, symbolism,
places, language, and empire. Furthermore, Shanell Smith and Masenya analyze the role of
colonialism in Black women's oppression and marginalization. Important to note, Masenya prefers
the term kyriarchy, a term she borrows from white feminist Elizabeth Schüssler

Pharmaceutical Drugs
Introduction Pharmaceutical drugs have been beneficial to our modern society, but a consequence of
their manufacturing is that numerous pharmaceutical industries are simultaneously releasing toxic
compounds in the environment. Due to the manufacturing of several pharmaceutical industries, it
generated huge quantities of wastes in the water, which directly affected the aquatic organisms
(Patneedi et al. 2015). It has been over four decades since the discovery of pharmaceutical drugs in
the water, but only in the last decade has there been increasing concerns about active pharmaceutical
contaminants in waste–water effluents (Patneedi et al. 2015). Pharmaceuticals are one of the
emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) detected in water systems ... Show more content on
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If the HQ calculated is less than 1 (HQ < 1), there will be no anticipated adverse effects as a result
of exposure, however, the study indicated how the hazard quotient (HQ) of 50% of the 2986
different pharmaceutical compounds in the water exceeded the value of 1 (HQ > 1) (Sanderson et al.
2004b). Also, the study determined that pharmaceutical compounds such as cardiovascular,
anxiolytic sedatives hypnotics and antipsychotics, gastrointestinal, antiviral and corticosteroid, had
high HQs in which it would exceed the value of 1 even without the assessment factor of 1000
(Sanderson et al. 2004b). Combination of the frequency and toxicity of the different classes
indicated that the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and anxiolytic sedatives hypnotics and
antipsychotics, were the three most hazardous classes based on predicted toxicity (Sanderson et al.
2004b). Since there are pharmaceutical chemicals that exceeded the HQs, aquatic organisms such as
fishes were susceptible to the adverse effects and the high toxicity of the pharmaceuticals in the
water (Sanderson et al. 2004b). A more recent study by Carlsson et al. (2006) depicted how nine out
of twenty–seven APIs selected in Sweden identified as a danger to the aquatic

Intersex Identity
Though all of the identities that have been discussed in this seminar are of importance, the three
identities I find important to discuss are transsexual, intersex and sex. Our first few readings covered
these specific identities right away. Within The Gender Book, Transsexual was described as an
individual whose gender identity exists primarily in contradiction to the sex that is assigned at birth
(p. 36). Though according to the American Psychological Association (2014), Transgender is
described as an umbrella term, which covers a person's gender expression, identity and behavior that
may not necessarily match with the sex that individual was assigned at birth. Though both are
informative readings, I believe these authors were set out to ... Show more content on
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I believe I would follow the rule the coach had in the Diagnosing Sex Differences documentary. I
would simply state that I will believe the person if they state they are transgender, intersex or
express or confirm whatever sex they may be. If this class has taught me anything, it is that sex and
gender are actually far more complicated than just men and women. I believe if we have a specific
definition for these words then people will always have to sell them self–short, pass or struggle to fit
under a category or fit a definition. I believe any individual should have the right to express
themselves how ever they please and can claim or be whatever gender/sex they seem fit for
themselves, but in terms of creating a definition, I feel as though I am not the right person to create a
definition, which may be part of the problem in terms of certain people creating definitions or rules
for these terms that have no right to define them due to never having gone through a transition, a sex
surgery or simply even questioning their sex or

Transgender And Transsexual Rights Campaign
Transgender and transsexual rights campaigns champion the rights of individuals to identify as a
gender opposite to, or (sometimes, but not always) more broadly "other than," that which they were
assigned at birth. Some movements for intersex and trans rights even reject assignment at birth
altogether as inadequate for classifying their sex or their future gender identity. Both camps raise
questions challenging the interconnectedness of gender and biological sex, but some of the ways in
which trans and intersex individuals pursue civil rights are markedly different. Leslie Feinberg,
author of Trans Liberation, defends the right to express and identify as whatever gender one wishes,
regardless of sex assigned at birth, without fear of persecution. Intersex people also argue for
acceptance of a "body–gender disconnect" (relative to hegemonic ideals) but with the important
detail that their bodies never could have fit on a binary to begin with. But, as discussed in Giving
Sex by Davis et al., when trans people seek the right to immediate and unencumbered medical
intervention with their sex, in order for ethics and insurance to allow for it, they and their physicians
must make the argument that such a body–gender disconnect is a medical emergency, while intersex
people instead seek the right to not have their sex surgically altered and for medical professionals to
not view their intersexuality as a medical – or social – emergency. In Trans Liberation, Leslie
Feinberg talks

Sexual Orientation Within America 's Most Controversial...
Sexual orientation can be considered as one of America's most controversial topics. Although the
rationale and choice differs from person to person, and is considered to be a private matter of
personal preference, many people have experienced negative backlash and harsh criticism due to
their individual likings. In general, sexual orientation is defined as: a person 's sexual identity in
relation to the gender to which they are attracted; the fact of being heterosexual, homosexual, or
bisexual. While the definition seems to be straightforward and concise, the subject of sexual
orientation encompasses much more than just the intensity of emotional and erotic attraction and
response to members of the opposite sex, the same sex, or both ... Show more content on
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A person 's sexual orientation is distinct from a person 's gender identity and expression, but without
gender identity and expression, sexual orientation would be hard to distinguish. The term "gender
identity," distinct from the term "sexual orientation," refers to a person 's innate, deeply felt
psychological identification as a man, woman or some other gender, which may or may not
correspond to the sex assigned to them at birth (e.g., the sex listed on their birth certificate). For
example take a child who may be born a hermaphrodite or what is commonly known as an intersex.
When birthed this child would have either male and female sex organs or sexual characteristics.
Unlike those who are heterosexual, homosexual, or even bisexual, an intersexual in my opinion
would have the most difficult time finding their sexual orientation, due to the fact at times they are
given a gender identity based on their genital formation. When in the womb intersex infants can be
spotted. The choice is up to the parent's then if they would like to assign gender to the infant. Some
of the following diagnoses at times seem to be the logical reasons behind assigning gender to the
infant. Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) is an inherited condition that technically can be
found at birth and it does not allow the body to make enough cortisol. When the cells in the body try
to make cortisol they began to become enlarged. If not

Dismantling Binaries: Bisexuality
Dismantling binaries
Introduction
The process of social differentiation is the key to the survival and perseverance of social inequality.
Once constructed, these boxes automatically build a vested interest in keeping them. Without a
procedure of making difference among people or by developing a way to tell dissimilar types of
people, there would be no source for treating people differently. This disparity treatment is not
essentially unequal, social disparity but it boils down to treating people differently.
Lucal, in his article focuses on the building and preservation of boxes and limits with respect to sex,
gender and sexuality. In the society, these boxes and their limits rest on a multiplicity of
assumptions. The first supposition is that there are two sex's genders, and sexualities. Everyone is
male or a female, feminine or masculine, heterosexual or homosexual but no one can be both. This
supposition of sex believes the truth of substantial difference in how persons actually do gender but
yet people carry on to believe that there are just two equally elite gender groups into which every
person can easily be positioned. (Lucal, B.2008)
The second postulation is that sex and gender are congruent in that, human beings who belong to a
sex category are unspecified to belong to a gender class that relate to that sex. People not only
presuppose that sex and gender are matching, but they depend on that correspondence to choose
how to interrelate with people. They presume

Essay on The Trouble With Ambiguous Genitalia
The Trouble With Ambiguous Genitalia
In trying to decide what to write this last Bio paper on, I solicited the help of some of the girls I eat
with in Erdman. They twirled their forks on their plates, bit their lips, scratched their heads. "How
about hermaphrodites?" someone chimed in. I lit up. Sure, I thought. Hermaphrodites. That will be
interesting. And then: Wait. What's a hermaphrodite again?
In beginning my research, more so at that point to figure out for myself what a hermaphrodite
actually was than to begin researching my paper, I had a hard time turning anything up. I talked
aloud to myself, to my computer, and to the hermaphrodites of the world. Where are you guys? I
wondered.
And then I found them. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As the ethicist Dr. Alice Dreger points out, "one quickly runs into a problem. . .when trying to define
'key' or 'essential' feminine and masculine anatomy. In fact, any close study of sexual anatomy
results in a loss of faith that there is a simple, 'natural' sex distinction that will not break down in the
face of certain anatomical, behavioral, or philosophical challenges" (3).
Because of the difficulty in defining what it means to be intersexed, it is difficult to produce
accurate statistics. It has been approximated, however, that one in one hundred people are born with
bodies which "differ from standard male or female" bodies (3). Furthermore, the number of
individuals receiving "normalizing" surgery on the genitalia is approximated to be one or two in
every one thousand births.
To go even deeper into the problem of representation, it is nearly impossible to produce accurate
statistics or even accurate studies on intersexed people because of the secrecy surrounding their
conditions. Many people are kept in the dark as to their "ambiguous genitalia." The Intersex Society
of North America has deemed this secrecy a "conspiracy of silence," and have begun to make moves
towards revolutionizing the treatment of intersexed babies. Rather than immediately perform plastic
surgery on a child's "ambiguous" sex organs, the Intersex Society of

Comparative Essay On The Differences Between Hamlet Book...
Adaptation is an innovative rework of any book, short story, novel, play, poem,fiction and non
fiction for new viewer in the form of media like television, movie. In the cinema we can find that
literary works reproduce rapidly. In the film there are adaptation and translation of the oral change,
historical and fictional description into movie. In the adaptation there are number of things which
director changes and remains as it is in the text. There are many differences and similarities in text
and movie, like characters, dialogue, back ground, music and other also. In this thesis I am going to
compare main protagonist of the Shakespearean greatest tragedy Hamlet with the two films, The
Tragedy of Hamlet by Peter brook and The Tragedy of Hamlet The Prince of Denmark by Oscar ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These images can be different from how one reader perceived it to another. And therefore no one
can decide which is better. Lately, the debate over film adaptations and the questions pertaining to
fidelity has moved over to a debate on intersexuality. One has approved through a study of
adaptation works of novels from various parts of the world that, a work of adaptation does not have
to blend in all the elements of a novel into a film. It is a work of art too, and therefore it can remain
as independent as it deems to a filmmaker. When this research work is set off with five novels and
their respective film adaptations, it is assumed that the text will remain the same in spite of it being
adapted into a new text into a film. It is understood that a filmmaker will simply take a novel and
transfer it to a filmic medium on screen. What is expressed through mere words at first would now
be expressed with images, sounds, dialogue (language) and in some cases special effects. Both the
forms are poles apart, yet when they deal with the same text, it is assumed, that this same text would
not lose its

Western Colonization Has Affected The Ways Countries
Western Colonization has affected the ways countries view themselves in various facets from
economically to socially. Although the initial wave of colonialism has somewhat passed, that is the
act of going and occupying other territories , Western ideals still manage to have an effect on how
countries conduct themselves and how they respond to different situations . When examining South
Africa 's response to the treatment of Caster Semenya by the International Association of Athletics
Federation (IAAF) we see this playing out. Semenya is an intersexed South African track star,
forced to undergo gender–verification testing in response to her gold medal win at the World Track
and Field championship
The reasoning behind the call for the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Evidence of this idea of scientific racism dates back to the 19th century, when Saartjie Baartman, a
South African women, was "transported to Britain and France to be scientifically studied as a cause
celebre"(170). Baartman 's exhibit consisted of her being portrayed in a cage for a period of time
until she then paraded around the viewers and underwent poking and touching. Viewers could not
believe that her "buttocks" was real, and subsequently, after her death, George Cuvier "[claimed] her
body in the interests of science"(Hill Collins 26). When thinking about this is comparison to
Semenya 's affair, it would seem like this was once again a case of a South African women being
degraded based on physical appearance and questioning of their African aesthetics. Instead of this
being a case of hypersexuality (the over sexualization of black women by the Western world)
Semenya would be subject to an increased sexual regulation. While Baartman was viewed with
fascination, Semenya was viewed with contempt, even being referred to as a "man" by one of her
competitors (Dworkin 138). Ironically, had Semenya been born male and chosen to identify as such
she would never had undergone the gender–verification testing as a result of not only male privilege
but also cisgender privilege. The entire practice of gender–verification is really used to "confirm
femaleness" because of the "assumption that superior athletics performances are a natural essence of

Genitalia Research Paper
"Oh Mandy, congratulations! So... tell us everything! Is it a girl or a boy?!" This was the first
question I was asked by all of my friends and relatives after giving birth. It was also the first of a
series of questions that I found myself completely unable to answer: How did I feel? What went
through my mind when I saw my baby for the first time, and realized it had ambiguous genitalia?
What will I choose to do and why? Would sex–altering surgery give my child a chance at a normal
life? These were the kinds of questions that I was suddenly facing, and that I have tried to answer as
best I can in this paper.
I should start by saying that it took me weeks to be able to make sense of all of my thoughts, and
actually lay them out on this piece ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As a parent, I only want what is best for my child. At first, surgery seemed like it would fix
everything and give my baby a normal life. After a great deal of research, I learned that surgery did
not simply entail removing extra tissue without any consequences. My child could either grow up to
be physically and psychologically affected by this one clinical decision, or the surgery could prove
to be completely beneficial. Too much uncertainty lies in performing this surgery. No one, not even
our doctor, knows which gender he or she will grow up to identify with. I could never forgive
myself if I forced my child into conforming to certain gender norms, only for him or her to feel
trapped in his or her body later

Intersex Narratives
Intersex Narratives:
A Critical Analysis of the Social Construction of Sexuality
Victoria Fulton
06322084
GNDS 215
TA: Aarzoo Singh
October 15th, 2013
A binary model of sex is a seemingly universal truism for many, despite "human and animal biology
calling this distinction into question" (Karkazis 2008:31). This example and belief of two distinct
sexes is a concept that is quite obvious and natural to most individuals, which is why individuals
that fall outside of this binary classification can be quite "incomprehensible to many" (Karkazis
2008:31). An intersexed individual, or a hermaphrodite, is someone who is born with reproductive
or sexual anatomy ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Narratives are defining aspect of Preves piece on intersexuality as she uses the experiences of those
directly affected by the stigma surrounding ambiguous genitalia to prove her point. Medical
professionals within our society are often viewed as having an authoritative role and their opinions
are rarely contested. Due to this, it is clear that their opinions help to shape the way individuals feel
about themselves and how others should view them. When discussing Drew, who did not undergo
medical sex reassignment, Preves addresses the fact that it was only after seeing a gynecologist that
Drew felt her body was "different" (Preves 2013:28). This is due to the "authority of the doctor's
medical position", which led Drew to reconsider her self–concept. Medical professionals are social
agents, meaning they influence socialization and can impact what society views as normal and
acceptable (Preves 2013:32), which is why Preves asserts that medical professionals have the ability
to "normalize" sexual variation and reframe the way society views these differences. The issue is
that individuals and society strive to classify individuals into groups. Being born with aspects of
both sexes restricts one individual from easily defining another, and this is also true for societal
views

Should Babies Be Allowed To Assign Gender?
Intersex is a term used to describe a person that is born with genital ambiguity. One in two thousand
births result in an intersex baby. Children born with this condition were formerly known as a
hermaphrodite. When a baby is born the first question parents are asked is boy or girl? Thus the
pressure is on for doctors and the parents to identify a sex for the baby. This is an impossible task for
the doctor or parent of an intersex baby. The answer that the baby is neither male nor female is not
acceptable. Therefore doctors attempt to rectify the situation by assigning gender. Doctors determine
which sex they believe the baby to be based on the prominent genitalia. The next step is then surgery
to assign gender. Gender assignment surgery is usually done before the age of two years. However
sometimes ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Doctors should not be allowed to assign gender and perform medically unnecessary surgeries that
permanently alter the gender of a child. The decision of assigning gender should be postponed until
the child reaches puberty.
There are many different causes of intersexuality. The baby can appear to be a girl based on external
genitalia yet internally can be a biological male. The same can also be true for a boy. Genitalia of an
intersex baby can be underdeveloped, malformed, not in the right place or be a mix of male and
female parts. Doctors continue to debate on exactly what constitutes a true intersex baby. "Some
physicians claim that a stretched–penis length less than 2.5 centimeters at birth constitutes
"micropenis" and a stretched–clitoris length greater than 1 centimeter at birth constitutes
"clitoromegaly."(Encyclopedia of Sex and Gender) p. 773The patients of

Cheryl Chase Five Sexes Analysis
Cheryl chase is a person who studies the treatment and phenomena of intersex infants, she happens
to be a victim of a surgery that doesn't match who she is. Her first take was at LWPES, and
addressed the problematic process of the treatment of infants with ambiguous genitals. After that
talk there seemed to be controversy. In the 1960's she have a talk about the immediate corrective
surgeries done on infants. In 1993, she wrote an article titled "The Five Sexes"; this piece
demonstrated how two sexes was not a wide enough spectrum to include all people. She suggested
that there are five sexes: female, male, herms, merms, and ferms. This article outraged Conservative
Christians, while others felt a sense of relief. After that article, she began ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This was a problem because they only judged the babies on their external genitalia, not their
hormones or chromosomes. In more recent days there are clinics that specialize in the treatment for
intersex babies. John money was in charge of this new wave, and believed that gender identity is
changing for about 18 months after birth. He suggested that the surgeons should do the surgery that
makes the most sense for each child, and then the parents should raise them to be the gender that the
doctors surgically transformed them into. He thought his treatments were working until one of his
patients became an author and told the story of his life. Since John/Joan lost his male parts at birth,
Dr. money gave him female genitals and suggested he be raised as a girl. The problem was he
wanted to be a man. John/Joan's story sparked other people to speak up about their rejected sex
assignments. Next, McCullough gave a speech at LWPES that argued all the forms of intersexuality
should be seen as normal, and doctors should avoid irreversible assignments. The author Sterling
believes that treatment should be ethical and medical principles with a more casual approach
(Sterling,

The Power Of Medical Jurisdiction And The Intersex Body
Medical Jurisdiction and the intersex body
In this section of chapter 3 Georgian Davis talks about the power the medical field had on the topic
of the intersex body. Georgina set up an interview at a pediatric medical center with Dr. I who was a
well–known expert of the intersex body. After the publication of the "Consensus Statement of
Management of Intersex Disorders" intersex language had been replaced with the terminology DSD
(Disorders of Sex Development) in the medical profession. As mentioned in chapter 2 she reiterates
critiques that the medical field have undergone based on their inability to diagnose honesty to people
with intersex traits. She noted that the medical profession can either do harm or good to the intersex
community based on its position in the level of gender structure. In the medical profession, there
was not always a form of naming abnormalities. It began with the Greeks and continued into the
18th century until they created a classification of the many medical traits. Sociologist Phil Brown
argues that for there to be diagnostics there has two be two parts to complete it. One the diagnosis is
technique which includes forming the classification by using various tasks and techniques. While
the work diagnosis includes clinical evaluations and task. By using this form of diagnosis, we can
better understand intersexuality.
The Rise of John Money
John Money was a psychologist at John Hopkin's hospital and he focused on the medical treatment
of those

Gender Inequality In Literature : The Importance Of Being...
When analyzing a piece of literature, it is easy to simply take it at face value. However, when you
read between the lines you can often find subtle hints that tell you an even greater story. The
Importance of Being Earnest is applicable to Gender and Queer Theories because it addresses past
gender inequality, portrays women in a certain way, and is about people feeling like they need to
hide their true selves from society.
The story has several instances in which it either hints at or outright gives examples of gender
inequality. As stated in the Purdue Online Writing Lab, "Gender studies and queer theory explore
issues of sexuality, power, and marginalized populations (woman as other) in literature and culture
(OWL Queer Studies and Gender Theory). Women definitely group of marginalized people in this
story. In the story, Gwendolen is portrayed as being unallowed to make decisions for herself.
Gwendolen has no say in who she marries. The decision is left entirely up to her mother. When Lady
Bracknell is analyzing Cecily, it clearly demonstrates that women are mostly valued for their
appearance. When analyzing Cecily she says, "Kindly turn round, sweet child. [Cecily turns
completely round.] No, the side view is what I want. [Cecily presents her profile.] Yes, quite as I
expected. There are distinct social possibilities in your profile. The two weak points in our age are
its want of principle and its want of profile" (Wilde 3.77). In the article titled General

The Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorder (...
Gender dysphoria is a complex struggle between a person's physical gender and who he or she
identifies, and this could be an individual physically born as a male that identifies as being female
and vice versa. Biological sex is determined at birth based upon the appearance of the infant, but
gender identity is how the person feels or how they identify themselves, which is where the
dysphoria comes in. It is from highly complex genetic, neurodevelopmental, and psychological
factors (Mandal, 2012), and is not the same as homosexuality or gender nonconformity. Symptoms
and signs of gender dysphoria may vary depending upon age and gender. Gender dysphoria becomes
known as a disorder when it fits certain criteria. Treatment is available when needed. There are
speculations on the cause, but no real answer. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorder (DSM–5) made changes to ensure clinical care that is proper and without stigma for
individuals with gender dysphoria. The DSM–5 does provide an overarching diagnosis, but with
specific criteria for children and for adolescents and adults (DSM, 2013). A marked discrepancy
between the individual's communicated gender and his or her natal gender must be ongoing at least
six months (Parekh, 2016). Children and adults must verbalize or show a desire to be the other
gender under the guidelines of DSM–5. Children must meet six of the eight listed criteria, which
are: strong desire to be the other gender or insisting one is the

The Influence Of Sociological Criminology On Human Behavior
Since ancient times, males have always gone against laws in the society. The beliefs of sociological
criminology in the environment have prevented its attempts to prove this theory. The neurohormonal
changes between male and female individuals tell more about behavioral differences as they apply
to crime and defiance. According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation research in 1992, men
constituted 89% of the violent arrest crimes and 76% of the property crimes arrests. Up to date, the
trend has not changed as men continue to be found on the wrong side of the law compared to their
female counterparts. Despite the research found, sociological criminology has failed to provide
enough evidence on its emphasis on environmentalism.
Genetics influence our behavior in many ways, for instance, the r/K`s hypothesis importance to
wrongdoing and aberrance is the used technique covaries with numerous inheritable characteristics
valuable in support of that system. Vast numbers of the traits helpful in support of the r–procedure
(example animosity, sensation–chasing) are decidedly identified with introverted conduct, and
numerous qualities valuable in the upkeep of the K–technique (example charitableness, nurturance),
are adversely recognized with reserved behavior. Men display r–chose characteristics to a more
noteworthy level than women (e.g., bring down parental speculation, shorter development time,
higher unsuccessful labor and neonatal death rates, higher fruitfulness potential,

The Oppression Of Women In Today's Western Culture
There have been many unspoken agreements made in the past 250 or so years of western culture.
There's an understanding in our community that some things just are because they are, especially
when it concerns gender. In America, men don't wear makeup or dresses. Girls aren't supposed to be
doctors, athletes, or CEOs. And in western culture, it's the simple truth that the only genders that
exist are boy, and girl. There's basis behind some of it, but one of the only reasons that it's western
philosophy is because it just... is.
Recently, however, these philosophies are being challenged. People across the world and America
are separating gender from activities and lifestyles. Male beauty gurus like Manny Gutierrez are
making waves. Marissa Mayer ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Born in nineteen fifty–three, Mani Mitchell is an intersex activist who was raised as a girl but
defines as neither male nor female because of her differentiated sex organs, similarly to Cal. In her
documentary called "Yellow for Hermaphrodite," she reflects on her irregular existence, she asserts,
"I'm not saying for a moment that I'm glad all those terrible things that happened, but I guess we
have lives and I stand and reflect on mine and it has been a very extraordinary life." So Cal's story,
while technically fable, is a very real representation of what life of an intersex person in the
seventies could have been

Ethico-Legal Issues
Ethico–legal Issues In Ontario, the College of Physicians and Surgeons' (CPSO) position on consent
for minors is not age–dependent thus requiring the surgeon or attending physician to conduct an
adequate assessment to determine the capacity to consent (CPSO, 2001). If determined unable to
fully comprehend the full nature of benefits and risks from opting in or out of surgery, the parents up
until 16 years of age can decide. Similarly in the USA, as in the case of Julianna Snow, age 5
(Cohen, 2016); the mother explained to the child the concept of death, free of suffering from futile
hospital treatments and resulted to the child choosing "heaven over hospital"; in which the parents
and physicians respected. This example show that obtaining ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
International, national and provincial policy needs revision as the legal rights still vary from
different countries and states when it comes to gender identification and poses a significant threat to
discriminate against intersex individuals. This lack of support from society strengthens the urgency
of medical assignment and surgical interventions to intersex children. However, the psychological
ramifications of surgical interventions cannot be ignored. While scholars, ethicists and scientist
continue to provide insights and work on the ideal approach, surgical interventions are still being
practiced today; heavily influenced by socio–cultural views of gender binarism. In an ethical
standpoint, nurture over nature raises the question of who gets to decide what normal genitals should
look like? Having the "correct" genitals, chromosomes and hormones shouldn't be the only way to
guarantee a legal spot in a

Partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome Essay
Partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome––that was the condition spat in my face as the doctor came
in to tell me what was wrong with my child. But don't worry! Corrective surgery can come to the
rescue and "fix" my child. Basically, my child doesn't have a place in the world unless they fit the
norms, and surgery is the only way to do so. Honestly? Fuck that. The surgery is completely
unnecessary because there aren't any serious medical implications, and would only cause further
harm; raising my child without a forced gender will allow for both freedom in gender development
as well as avoiding the trauma of incorrect gender assignment. These excruciatingly long past 24
hours since my baby was born have been filled with doctors and nurses ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
All I remember is asking myself, "Why? Why did this happen to my child? How could this possibly
happen?" I snapped out of my trance as soon as I heard the word "surgery." He recommended
corrective surgery to "fix" the baby's genitalia so that I could raise my child as a normal girl. In that
moment, I couldn't help all the questions spilling out of my mouth. How bad was the deformity? Is
the surgery obligatory? What are the potential repercussions of opting out of the surgery?
"The surgery makes it easier for your child to identify as either a boy or a girl because as of right
now, it's neither." That was it. The only real reason my child needed surgery was because of an
arbitrary cosmetic requirement for classifying genders. I was speechless, livid, and borderline
aggressive. I told the doctor I needed to sleep and that I'd think about it the next morning, but truth
of the matter is that my constant worrying is keeping me up all night. I did manage to get a few
hours of sleep last night. Broken and unrestful, but sleep nonetheless. The first thing I did this
morning was research the condition that my baby was diagnosed with. I discovered that because of
"defects in the androgen receptor... the external genitalia of the affected XY individual are typically
ambiguous at birth" and the "direction of sex assignment of individuals with PAIS depends to some
extent on the appearance of the external genitalia" (Hines, 2004). I also learned that the fetus at one
point was

Gender Binary Norms
As far as the technology determined gender difference is concerned, it is necessary to discuss how
bodies can be affected by the violence of technologies and knowledge. Drugs and technologies
participate in the materialisation of the binary sex. It is indubitable that the gender binary norm is
insufficient. The existence of intersexuality is an evidence that disrupts the heteronormative concept
of gender. For instance, 1 in 100 babies born with an anomaly of sex. and 1 in 1000 not readily
classifiable. (Chase, C. 1998) To a certain extent, sex can be 'reallocated' through medication. Thus,
following the heteronormative rule, intersexuality as neither men nor women that against the social
norm, which ought to be adjusted through medical management.

Vinny Ohh Research Paper
Is becoming a genderless alien possible? Vinny Ohh is a 24 year old male who has undergone 110
cosmetic procedures, he now wants to undergo surgery that would make him genderless. He claims
he wants to become a "genderless alien". Vinny Ohh should not be permitted to make surgical
changes to become a "genderless alien" because the surgery has never been performed before and
doctors don't know how it would affect his body in now and in the long run. Although, it would be
interesting to see if it is a possible procedure, it is highly dangerous. It is a surgery that plastic
surgeons have have never done nor heard of. "This procedure has not been done yet, it's a totally
new territory" (Dr. Simoni). This is important because it shows that plastic surgeons are unsure
about doing the procedure. Most importantly, plastic surgeons don't know if the procedure is
possible. " He's now been told by plastic surgeons that he may never be able to have the operation–
which would be a world–first" (Pemberton). All in all, it may not even be possible for Ohh to get the
surgery. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Genitals have an important purpose to the human body. Such a procedure is highly controversial
since doctors are unsure what affect the removal would have on the body's biochemistry"
(Dr.Simoni). This is important because it explains that without genitals he could have serious
complications. Secondly, doctors have never done this procedure so he would be a " Guinea pig".
"This would be a brand new procedure and if something happens or there are complications, we
don't have any idea how to address them" (Dr. Simoni). This is important because if something was
to go wrong during or after the surgery the doctors wouldn't know how to deal with it and he could
be left with serious issues. Therefore, Vinny Ohh should rethink the

Medical Intervention for Intersexed Children: Gender Unknown
Medical Intervention for Intersexed Children: Gender Unknown
What makes a person male or female? Who has the right to choose what sex a person should be?
These are some common questions that parents have to face when their child is born as an
"intersexed". "Intersex is a general term used for any form of congenital (inborn) mixed sex
anatomy." A person who is considered intersexed has some parts of their sexual anatomy that look
female and some that look male (Dreger).
In the United States, "intersexed" is a taboo. Most people don't like to talk about sex, let alone,
abnormalities having to do with sexual anatomy. Dreger stated, "1 in 2,000 children [are] born with
genitals that are pretty confusing..." That means that being ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
This has a bad psychological effect on the children and the parents. The children are made to feel as
if they are freaks. (Coventry).
Parents often go through a period of shock when they learn that their new baby is neither boy nor
girl. Most doctors suggest that "corrective" surgery should be done as soon as possible. There is a
vast amount of controversy over whether a baby should be surgically "fixed" to look normal.
Uprimny suggested, "surgery makes parents and doctors comfortable, but counseling makes people
comfortable too..."(2004). Everyone can agree that parents always have their child's best interest at
heart.
Parents do not receive all the information about the baby's condition so they think they are acting in
their children's best interests(Morgan). Parents often think that a child that is born intersexed can not
live a full, "normal" life. They decide to have the baby under go "normalizing" procedures so that a
clear gender identity can be established. They are often convinced that looking "normal" will lessen
the stress in the child's life. (Dreger). Uprimny argued, "many children grow up with physical
differences which may cause them to be marginalized by society, yet we do not advocate using
plastic surgery to eliminate all physical differences...few [parents] would condone using
nonconsensual plastic surgery during infancy to eliminate racial characteristics"(2004).
The standard care for intersexed babies is

Discuss the Role of Hormones and/or Genes in Gender...
Discuss the role of hormones and/or genes in gender development. (8 + 16 marks)
Biological sex is determined by genes, which are on chromosomes. Humans generally have 23 pairs
of chromosomes, one pair of which determines sex. Females have an XX pair while males have an
XY pair. Chromosomal sex largely controls how masculine or feminine the egg's development will
be.
Chromosomal sex controls whether an embryo will develop ovaries or testes. The SRY gene on the
Y chromosome which only males possess will cause the gonad (the organ which produces sex cells)
to develop into testes; a female's gonad will develop into ovaries due to the absence of the SRY
gene. External genitalia strongly influences gender development, through the effects ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The study by Reiner and Gearhart has a small sample, and so the results from this study may also be
invalid.
Another problem is that much of the research in this area is done on people with intersex conditions.
The results of these studies should therefore only be applied to the general population with caution,
as they may only be applicable to people with intersex conditions. These people may, for example,
adhere more to social norms than the general population as they have to try harder to fit in. Research
into such personal and potentially painful issues also has the potential to cause psychological harm,
an ethical issue which should be avoided.
Although biological factors are important to gender development, other factors are also key. For
example, Dessens et al. studied 250 genetic females who were prenatally exposed to high levels of
androgens but still raised female. 95% were content with their female gender, with only 5%
experiencing significant gender dysphoria. This shows that other factors are important to gender
development. This is one main criticism of the biological approach: it is too reductionist.
This research has real–world applications. For a long time, the Olympic Committee ruled that
people with XX chromosomes must compete in female events while people with XY chromosomes
must compete in male events. However, due research on gender development there was a ruling in
1991 that genetic sex would no longer determine entry

Genderless Identity Does More Harm than Good
When I finished reading the story of little Storm, in that instant, I felt deeply sorry for Storm, a child
who would have grown up normally like everyone else around him/her, everyone else except for
his/her two brothers. However, a decision was made by Storm's parents to break the convention of
identifying children by gender, and as a result the chance for Storm to be raised like others. Storm's
parents, Witterick and Stocker are indeed doing something wrong. Their extreme and unusual
parenting decision would make Storm a lifelong victim of prejudice. According to Storm's parents,
they want to love their children for who they are, not what genitals they have; they want to be
supportive of the individuality of their children ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Recalling my memory from kindergarten, there was a little boy in my class who always wanted to
play with the girls, while everyone else was only playing with others who shared the same sex.
Consequently, he was alienated from both sexes. He eventually quit school because he was later
diagnosed as having melancholia, which was the result of being isolated and having to stay alone.
As well there are other studies of the effects of isolation. According to an investigation in 1986,
5000 per 100,000 of the U.S. prisoners committed suicide as a result of less to no social activities
and isolation. At several mid–Atlantic universities, a study investigated 1000 students. Surprisingly,
12 percent of them admitted that they had thought about committing suicide, and more than half of
the 12 percent claimed that the reason for their suicidal thoughts was simply due to the feeling of
being unloved or isolated by others. Thus, it is reasonable to conclude that alienation for Storm
would cause serious consequences if Storm were to be raised gender–free. Moreover, Storm's
parents practice unschooling, in which they believe that learning should be curiosity driven. This
could cause Storm to be completely ignorant and incompetent in the end since the useful knowledge
in textbooks tends not to interest children and can not be easily discovered in our daily lives. For
instance, if Newton's Law of physics were never written in textbooks, it would be

Genetic Mutations In Human Species: Article Analysis
it can be better understood how mutations can be beneficial to the species. I would assume that this
trait of hermaphroditism started as a single gene mutation which then became the normalcy for
certain species of fish. Humans should see this trait in animals and concur that a trait like this in
humans might not be such a bad thing. Although hermaphroditic individuals are not in the norm, in
human society, they still have a place and can maybe even improve humanity.
This article brings to question why humans place such a big emphasis on gender. I wonder if this is a
learned behavior or if it is something that we are born with. I always assumed that gender was
something that was always such a big deal. As young children gender is given a great deal of
importance. We are told to line up according to our gender, our whole wardrobe is decided based on
our gender, and our names can be very gender specific. I think that part of the ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
I didn't understand the immense struggle they went through and how common this is. In gaining
more knowledge I now see that there are more than two genders and that it is okay for me to
acknowledge differences. It is often scary it see something different to yourself and to actively
accept it. For our world to progress, we need to come to terms with other people's differences and
find a way to include everyone in our society. Although this will be hard to do in the beginning, but
will ultimately improve the world so much. This is what is currently beginning to happen with the
LGBT community and has had so many positive effects on our society. There are now more people
in the workforce, actually improving things and being able to move up in the world. All people need
to be equal and feel as though they have a place in the world. It is hard to imagine a world in which
everyone is equal, but I believe one day this will be the

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