its useful for computer education. :)☺

1. Basic ConceptsBasic Concepts
ofof
Computer NetworksComputer Networks
andand
Communications NetworkCommunications Network
TopologyTopology
Pr esent ed by-Pr esent ed by-
Pawar ParmeshwarPawar Parmeshwar
EE (3EE (3rdrd
Semest erSemest er ))

2. Presentation Contents
 Definition of Computer NetworksDefinition of Computer Networks
 Different Network MethodsDifferent Network Methods
 LANLAN
 Network TopologiesNetwork Topologies
 SummarySummary

3. Definition:
 Computer networking is the engineering
discipline concerned with the
communication between computer systems
or devices.
 A computer network is any set of computers
or devices connected to each other with
the ability to exchange data.
Computer Networks

4. Different Network Methods are:
 Local area network (LAN),
 Metropolitan area network (MAN)
 Wide area network (WAN)
 Wireless LANs and WANs
Different Network Methods

5. Local Area Network(LAN),
 which is usually a small network constrained to a small
geographic area. An example of a LAN would be a
computer network within a building.
Local Area Network (LAN)

6. DEFINITION
What is a Topology ?
The physical topology of a network
refers to the configuration of cables,
computers and other peripherals.

7. TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY
Three commonly used network topologies
are:-
Bus Topology
Ring Topology
Star Topology

8. BUS TOPOLOGY
All computers and devices
connected to central cable or bus.
Consists of a main run of cable
with a terminator at each end.
Popular on LANs because they are
inexpensive and easy to install.

9. BUS TOPOLOGY

10. RING TOPOLOGY
Cable forms closed ring or loop,
with all computers and devices
arranged along ring.
Data travels from device to device
around entire ring, in one
direction.
Primarily is used for LANs,
but also is used in WANs.

11. RING TOPOLOGY

12. STAR TOPOLOGY
All devices connect to a
central device, called
hub.
All data transferred
from one computer to
another passes through
hub.

13. STAR TOPOLOGY

14. STAR TOPOLOGY

15.  In the mesh topology each computer are connected with each other
by separate cable. Create point to point connection to every device
on network. If one cable fail data always has alternative path to get to
its destination.
 On a large scale, you can connect multiple LANs using mesh topology
with leased line.
 This type topology generally use in military area.
MESH TOPOLOGY

16. DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN THE THREE
TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY
WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES OF THE THREE
OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY?

17. SUMMARY
BUS TOPOLOGY
DEFINITION
•All computers
and devices
connected to
central cable
DEFINITION
•All computers
and devices
connected to
central cable
ADVANTAGE
•Easy to connect a
computer or
peripheral to a linear
bus.
ADVANTAGE
•Easy to connect a
computer or
peripheral to a linear
bus.
•Requires less cable
length than
a star topology.
•Requires less cable
length than
a star topology.
DISADVANTAGE
•Entire network shuts
down if
there is a break in the
main cable.
DISADVANTAGE
•Entire network shuts
down if
there is a break in the
main cable.
•Terminators are
required at both
ends of the backbone
cable.
•Terminators are
required at both
ends of the backbone
cable.
•Difficult to identify
the problem
if the entire network
shuts down.
•Difficult to identify
the problem
if the entire network
shuts down.

18. SUMMARY
RING TOPOLOGY
DEFINITION
•Cable forms
closed ring or
loop, with all
computers and
devices arranged
along ring.
DEFINITION
•Cable forms
closed ring or
loop, with all
computers and
devices arranged
along ring.
ADVANTAGE
•Data is quickly
transferred without a
‘bottle neck’.
ADVANTAGE
•Data is quickly
transferred without a
‘bottle neck’.
•The transmission of
data is relatively
simple as packets
travel in one direction
only.
•The transmission of
data is relatively
simple as packets
travel in one direction
only.
DISADVANTAGE
•Data packets must pass
through every computer
between the sender and
recipient therefore, this
makes it slower.
DISADVANTAGE
•Data packets must pass
through every computer
between the sender and
recipient therefore, this
makes it slower.
•If any of the nodes fail
then the ring is broken
and data cannot be
transmitted successfully.
•If any of the nodes fail
then the ring is broken
and data cannot be
transmitted successfully.
•It is difficult to
troubleshoot
the ring.
•It is difficult to
troubleshoot
the ring.

19. SUMMARY
DEFINITION
•All devices
connect to a
central device,
called hub.
DEFINITION
•All devices
connect to a
central device,
called hub.
ADVANTAGE
•Easy to install and
wire.
ADVANTAGE
•Easy to install and
wire.
•Security can be
implemented
in the hub/switch.
•Security can be
implemented
in the hub/switch.
DISADVANTAGE
•Requires more cable
length
than a linear topology.
DISADVANTAGE
•Requires more cable
length
than a linear topology.
If the hub or
concentrator fails,
nodes attached are
disabled.
If the hub or
concentrator fails,
nodes attached are
disabled.
More expensive than
linear bus topologies
because of the cost of
the concentrators.
More expensive than
linear bus topologies
because of the cost of
the concentrators.
STAR TOPOLOGY
•Easy to detect faults
and to
remove parts
•Easy to detect faults
and to
remove parts

20. 1.Provide redundant path between device.
SUMMARY
DEFINITION
•In the mesh
topology each
computer are
connected with
each other by
separate cable..
DEFINITION
•In the mesh
topology each
computer are
connected with
each other by
separate cable..
ADVANTAGE
•1.Provide redundant
path between device..
ADVANTAGE
•1.Provide redundant
path between device..
The network can be
expanded without
disruption to current
user..
The network can be
expanded without
disruption to current
user..
DISADVANTAGE
Require more cable
then other topology .
DISADVANTAGE
Require more cable
then other topology .
Complicated
implementations.
Complicated
implementations.
MESH TOPOLOGY