Why Was There A Struggle Between The Bourgeoisie And The...

Why Was There a Struggle Between the Bourgeoisie and the...
Why, according to Marx and Engels in The Manifesto of the Communist Party, was there inevitably
struggle between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat, which would create the preconditions for
socialism? ___________________
The theories of Karl Marx have influenced some of the world's greatest thinkers. Marx's idea of the
inevitable class struggle within capitalism and consequent place for a socialist society is professed
within 'The Manifesto of the Communist Party.' It is necessary to explore why Marx and Engels
believed class conflict to be unavoidable in order to understand why the preconditions for socialism
could be established. It is clear that economics is at the heart of Marxist thought and it can be
arguably suggested that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The nature of capitalism meant the bourgeoisie needed to exploit their workers in order to make a
surplus. If they didn't do this they would fall themselves into the proletariat and their employees
would work for someone who would. This made the situation of the proletariat all the more dire.
Marx expressed this view when he defined the proletariat as "a class of labourers, who live only so
long as they find work, and who find work only so long as their labour increases capital" (page 8).
This meant that the chances of a proletariat had to advance into a higher economic class were
reduced and a further polarisation of classes would develop. This meant that a class struggle was
inevitable if one views Marx's theory as one of 'group–formation' as is explored by Reinhard Bendix
in his study of Marx. Bendix suggests that in Marx's view "ruling classes are aware of their common
interests and have the organizational means to promote them, while oppressed classes still seek to
achieve class consciousness and organizational cohesion." Hence due to a lack of class
consciousness the proletariat continue to struggle. This was inevitable, according to Bendix view of
Marx, due to the nature of the oppressed classes. A similar idea that causes inevitable class conflict
mentioned again by Bendix is that a "lack of acquaintance and competing interests divided the
workers amongst them–selves. Although all of them lived a starkly deprived life, their
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Communist Manifesto By Karl Marx
Michelle Gu
Professor Christine Abbott
English C101
05 July 2015
The Struggle is Real Throughout history, class structures have invaded every crack of society.
People were characterized based on their job, their family background, their income, and etc. With
those of higher status holding all the power, class struggles were inevitable. The poor would battle
the rich and the oppressed would battle the oppressor. During the time "The Communist Manifesto"
was written, we can see two distinct classes battling out as well. These two classes are the
bourgeoisie and the proletariat. According to Karl Marx in "The Communist Manifesto", the battle
will end "either in a revolutionary reconstitution of society at large, or in the common ruin of the
contending classes" (Marx 8). Marx argues that in the end the proletariat would remain because the
bourgeoisie are unstable and the bourgeoisie unknowingly armed the proletarians to rebel. To
understand the arguments and theories of Karl Marx in "The Communist Manifesto", one must
know the difference between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. Due to the discovery of new land
and the opening of markets, the bourgeoisie arose and with it the proletariat. The bourgeoisie is
made up of business/property owners and the proletariat is made up of the working class, who work
for the bourgeoisie. With the means of producing goods, the bourgeoisie led society into a new era
in which goods were being mass–produced and relations were strictly

Bourgeoisie Vs Proletariat Essay
Marx and Engels begin the Communist Manifesto by explaining the difference between the
bourgeoisie and the proletariat. The bourgeoisie, also known as the "modern capitalist," can be
considered the government we have today in our society. They are the one's who provide jobs for the
"working class," also known as the proletariats. The proletariats do not have the funds necessary to
produce products so they sell their services as labor in order to live. When Marx states, "the
bourgeoisie forged the weapons that bring death to itself, "(478) he is referring to the jobs the
bourgeoisie provides for the proletariats. Since the bourgeoisie are developing an industrial and
urban society they are creating jobs for the proletariats. As a result, the proletariats are able to come
together, since they are now working in a compact environment, in order to protest and fight back
against the bourgeoisie and this is what he means when he mentions that "it has also called into
existence the men [the proletariats] who are to wield those weapons [the development of an urban
community]" (478). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The more the bourgeoisies need for a more industrialized society increase the greater the need for
the proletariats. With that being said, however, the bourgeoisie's wealth continues to increase while
the proletariats continue to stay poor even though they do the hard labor. This is ultimately how the
bourgeoisies are creating their own "grave–diggers" (483). The proletariats start to lose respect for
the bourgeoisies because they are treated as a product and not humans, which leads them to fighting
against the modern capitalists. The bourgeoisie's over work and under pay the proletariats and as a
result the bourgeoisie are creating their own weapons within the

Oppressed By The Bourgeoisie Dbq
"The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles." Throughout history, us
Proletariats have been oppressed by the Bourgeoisie. They make us factory employees do their
work, but they reap the rewards. As many articles have suggested, this must be stopped. Each article
provides a unique standpoint on the method of halting this abuse. Document A details a Laissez–
Faire society. Document B describes government intervention being used, with Document C
explaining Robert Owen's society without child labor. Finally, Document D share a pessimistic view
where people cannot all be happy. I would support the economic philosophy detailed in Document B
because the system of oppression that we are put through by the Bourgeoisie ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
In this document, Adam Smith states that people will "[direct] the industry in such a manner as its
produce may be of greatest value" and that "he intends only his own gain," (Doc A). Smith believes
that people will act on self–gain to benefit themselves. However, this only leads to exploitations of
this system when Bourgeoisie abuse the Proletariat's working force. Also, Smith believes that "every
individual it is evident, can, in his local situation, judge much better than any statesman or lawgiver
can do for him," (Doc A). Despite this, when there was not much government intervention, the
Bourgeoisie betrayed us and put us in critically hostile working conditions. If you feel that you are
not getting represented, speak to government officials to help them decide how to better treat people.
Furthermore, Smith's work claims that "every individual... endeavours... to employ his capital in the
support of domestic industry... so... its produce may be of the greatest value," (Doc A). But with
what money should we invest? The Bourgeoisie(who were formed by this kind of society) will not
let us have any. Overall, Document B's solution trumps Document

Karl Marx And The Bourgeoisie
Karl Marx' infamous work called the Communist Manifesto has changed the way individuals see
their social statuses in a different types of societies. A bourgeoisie is known as the modern class of
capitalists. The bourgeoisie is a class of entrepreneurs, who fall under the class system developed by
the French. Individuals in this specific type of society are in charge of social production and labor.
The bourgeoisie have had an old antiquity with transforming how societies view the market place.
The upper hand which is being mentioned by Karl Marx, is the reference to when the Bourgeoisie is
given the power to control over a specific society. Although Karl Marx has been in favor of having a
classless society, he believes that those who are "natural ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Historical materialism plays a key role in deliberating the relations between economic production
and everything else that falls in society. Later in the Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx discusses the
concept of religion and how it ties into this image of capitalism. According to Marx, capitalism is
the worst situation any society can be placed with in. Religion plays another big role in instigating
materialism in such a society. Karl Marx adopted the concept of creating a division of labor which
works in a classless society, in order to determine which individual is capable of what job. The
transition between communism and capitalism involves the financing of personal relations such as
the relation of man and nature. The Proletariat, or also known as, the people go hand in hand with
the Bourgeoisie in a capitalist society. The justification of exploitation, globalization,
homogenization of culture, urbanization and political centralization all are consequences of
capitalism which Karl Marx warns capitalist societies

Napoleon Bourgeoisie
Question 8–– If I were a bourgeoisie I would would be unsatisfied with the way Napoleon ran the
countries and the end results were it collapsing. If I were a middle class man, (bourgeoisie) it says in
the 1800's he supported laws that would strengthen the central government and goals would be
achieved in the revolution. He made the middle class–men happy at first, cause he made the rich
pay, then he made different rules. I think that Napoleon did help stabilize their government but at the
time it wasn't going good. In the end Napoleon ended up making things worse for the people. The
middle class men too. He made the People from Austria, Prussia and Russia to sign peace treaties,
which allowed him to build an empire. So he was taking away

Bourgeoisie Vs Proletariat
In The Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx defines bourgeoisie and proletariat. Bourgeoisie is the
class of modern Capitalists, who were owners of the means of social production and employers.
Even though Marx believed that proletariat would take over, he states that historically the
bourgeoisie has played a most revolutionary role. When bourgeoisie had the upper hand, it ended all
feudal, patriarchal, idyllic relations. The bourgeoisie introduced an ethic based on the absolute right
to free trade and to the rational and egoistic pursuit of profit. The proletariat, which was developed
as a result of the bourgeoisie, is the class of modern–wage laborers who have no means of
production of their own, have become reduced to selling their labor power

The two classes discussed in the text are the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. The bourgeoisie is
dominant over the proletariat in a couple ways. While the members of the bourgeoisie are land
owners and the owners of the means of production living comfortable lives, the proletariat consists
of wage laborers forced to sell their labor to the bourgeoisie because they own no productive
property. The members of the proletariat make such little money that their living conditions are
almost unbearable. The power that the bourgeoisie holds over the proletariat causes them to be
exploited and held in subjugation. The proletariat is held in subjugation by religion, government,
unawareness of their alienation, and their false consciousness. By the bourgeoisie controlling
religion and government, it makes them (religion and government) other aspects in which the
bourgeoisie is in control of the proletariat. Religion is uses as an opiate by leading the proletariat to
believe they can prey their problems away, when in reality they should be making an effort to
change what they do not like. With the proletariat unaware of their alienation they hinder their
ability to become ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The proletariat is alienated from their course of work, products of their work, co–workers, and their
full capabilities. With the proletariat making such little income they are not able to purchase and
enjoy the commodities that they are producing and they also have no say in the way the
commodities are produced or the way in which things are run causing them to be alienated from
their course of work and products of their work. The proletariat is alienated from their co–workers
because "objectification prevents people from engaging in meaningful social relationships"
(Abrahamson 2010 p. 50). With these people also lacking class–consciousness they are alienated
from their full

Karl Marx believed history was written in two class struggles: Bourgeoisie and Proletariat.
Bourgeoisie is the higher class who hires people and own the surplus value, which is the left–over
profit. The Bourgeoisie exploits the working class for their own profit. The Proletariat is the
working class, individuals that sells their labor. The Proletariat becomes the instruments of labor.
The mode of production is the social arrangement of the productive forces within a society. There is
a small group of owners, the Bourgeoisie, that controls the means of production, which is the tools
used to produce the objects, the Proletariat. Marx believed that the working class can become non–
alienated by a worker's revolution that would ultimately bring ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The roles in society is often gender–based. Women are subjected to wage gaps from men, rejection
from job positions/opportunities, often seen as the caregivers, providers, and less than men. In
commercials, women are portrayed as objects, sexual appeals, and often property of men. The
revolution is the overcoming of political power (and in this case societal power). "Political
power...is merely the organized power one class oppressing another." First women will see their
oppression as a personal and individual struggle. Seeking jobs is competitive so everyone is in
competition. Women will join and form unions supporting each

The Bourgeoisie Essay
Karl Marx describes "Society as a whole [as being] more and more [split] up into two great hostile
camps, into two great classes directly facing each other–bourgeoisie and proletariat" (Marx 124). As
Marx made his distinction between upper class, bourgeoisie, and lower class, proletariats, it is
important to keep in mind the societal structure at the time. To understand how classes were created
and the disparity between the rich and poor, or, bourgeoisie and proletariat, it is necessary to
examine how people came to be rich and poor. Exploring a time before money existed will help us
to process and understand reasons why the binary between rich and poor exists and how it is
reflective of low and high art distinctions. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With the commodification of natural resources, there becomes a dependency between those who
control the resources and all those who need to use them. At this stage of society people are no
longer self–sufficient, but rely upon the network of society to provide food, shelter and jobs
(Rousseau). At this level of society, the founders most often control the resources and begin to live
in excess compared to the rest of the populace. Rousseau's final stage 4) is the state of war, which is
triggered when the rich deceive the poor, and the poor begin to rebel. This state of war is rooted in
the transition from a free, independent mode of living to a regulated lifestyle within the constraints
of society. Someone has to establish any society and as a result, those who establish society through
control of the natural resources will monopolize power (Rousseau). As we see, art does not arrive
until all physiological needs or the basic needs are met as is evident by the happy savage stage. Art
arrives with the improvement of manual labor and hunter–gatherer techniques in the division of
labor. The division of labor in turn creates divisions within society, and we can see that evidence in
the French colonial enslavement of native peoples and African slave trade throughout history. The
rich and poor binary can

Bourgeoisie Vs Proletariat Analysis
Marx identified two social classes which are the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. The bourgeoisie
owned the product, and the means of production are distribution and the profit. Then, there is the
proletariat also known as laborers these are the people that typically did not have the resources to
invest in mass production. The only thing they could sell was their labor. Marx was a staunch
supporter of the proletariat. He believed that the proletariat gains let up last much in a capitalist
system, and all the bourgeoisie benefited a great deal. He thought that the proletariat would
eventually overthrow the bourgeoisie, and a new economic system would create. Marx believed that
society needed a better means of distributing wealth but also a better way of tapping into a full
human potential. According to Marx what we do is directly connected to ... Show more content on
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The world of capitalism puts people in positions of competition. Therefore, everyone looks out for
themselves. A labor competes with others for higher wages, better hours and the best benefits for
their good and not for the best interest of the group. There is little to no concern about a collective
common good or a sense of cooperation.
The last type of alienation is alienation from oneself. Alienation from oneself grabs a person of all
they can be and contribute to the world. Marx believed that what we contribute to the world in terms
ever work is part of our species essence or what makes us human. What we contribute to the world
is a manifestation of our creativity and creativity is an essential part of our human nature and our
base product society. Many people alienated from their very human nature. People lose their sense
of self, and who they are, we live to work rather than work being an extension of our

The Siege Mentality Of The Bourgeoisie
Thomas G. Pelham III IB World Literature Dr. Smith 20 May 2015 The Siege Mentality of the
Bourgeoisie in Ibsen's A Doll House By the time of Ibsen's A Doll House (1879) the bourgeoisie was
firmly established as the dominant class in Europe. To legitimize their power capitalists defined
themselves against other classes, claiming they possessed inherent qualities justifying their position.
A rigid moral system and social code reinforced class stratification. These structures also enforced
conformity within, thus pressuring even the powerful to maintaining the appearance of conformity.
The home was the fortress of the bourgeoisie. It was the location where social identity gained its
greatest expression, but this controlled space that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This statement does two things. First, it connects the well being of the children with the need to
prevent moral corruption. Second, it reinforces Nora's role within the strict limits of child rearing.
The attempt to gain distance from her children is both an attempt to transcend the limiting role
defined by propriety and an expression of her fear of her corrupting them. This links the fear of
Krogstad's moral corruption with the fear of Nora's forgery and its transgression against social
norms. This reifies the fear of poor parenting as Nora ultimately separates herself from the family in
order to protect her children. However, the home also functioned as an indicator of class. Therefore
there was extreme pressure to prevent penetration of the home by the outside world, and to preserve
the ideal of domestic tranquility. Nora summarizes this, prior to the party, when she is talking about
Krogstad's letter: "You mustn't read such things now; there mustn't be anything ugly between us"
(92). The wife is the symbol of domesticity. The home is moth a social limit and a space of feminine
control. As a result "anything ugly between us" is analogous to ugliness between Torvald and his
house. The domestic space may be controlled by the female, but it serves the husband. Torvald's
ideal home is invaded by "ugliness". Krogstad's letter is still in the mailbox and the loan still exists.
What Torvald imagines is secure, is actually a tenuous set of power relations that

Napoleon Bourgeoisie Dbq
The bourgeoisie consisted of middle class Frenchman. These people had voted and supported
Napoleon through his decade of being in charge. If I had been a member of the bourgeoisie, I
would've been satisfied with Napoleons actions. I feel this way because Napoleon had led his
empire through many victories. He had also shown a great deal leadership and respect toward his
people. Napoleon created multiple uniform policies to help his empire be successful and grow. His
tax collection and banking systems were a great strategy because they helped support his army and
government. By using this strategy, it helped create peace and order. Napoleon cared about
eliminating corruption within his government, so through his special schools, lycees, he was

The Power Of The Bourgeoisie
In reaction to the power the bourgeoisie have over the proletariat, the narrator uses her defense
mechanism of acting out to get power over herself back. Acting out involves preforming external
actions that mirror how one is internally feeling. This can be seen when the narrator breaks a rule in
the manual, and seeks affection from her window friend in the male shelter. As she states, "Tonight,
his light isn't on and so we don't wave, but still, I undress in front of my lit window. I can't know if
he's watching from the darkness, or who else is watching, for that matter"(Cook 50). By undressing
in the window, the narrator is showing the bourgeoisie that she is in control of her actions.
Moreover, by changing her physical appearance, the narrator gains more control over her body. As
she states, "For a couple of weeks I allow myself a little moment. I scrape other woman's leftovers
onto my plate. I eat the treats my old floor still sends, even though I don't like them" (Cook 53). By
increasing her food consumption, the narrator is making her self less desirable in the bourgeois lens;
consequently limiting her chances of getting chosen by a wealthy person. Since she is in control of
her desirability, this shows the narrators success in gaining power over her body and where she
chooses to belong. Ultimately, through her defense mechanism of acting out, the narrator gains
power over her actions and body back from the bourgeoisie. Furthermore, the narrator uses her
defense

Bourgeoisie Research Paper
The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles. In the earlier epochs of
history, we find almost everywhere a complicated arrangement of society into various orders. In
ancient Rome we have patricians, knights, plebeians, slaves; in the Middle Ages, feudal lords,
vassals, guild–masters, journeymen, apprentices, serfs. Our epoch, the epoch of the bourgeoisie,
possesses, however, this distinctive feature: It has simplified the class antagonisms. Society as a
whole is more and more splitting up into two great hostile camps, into two great classes directly
facing each other –– bourgeoisie and proletariat. –– the bourgeoisie has at last, since the
establishment of modern industry and of the world market, conquered ... Show more content on
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In a word, it creates a world after its own image. It has agglomerated population, centralized the
means of production, and has concentrated property in a few hands. Subjection of nature's forces to
man, machinery, application of chemistry to industry and agriculture, steamnavigation, railways,
electric telegraphs, clearing of whole continents for cultivation, canalization of rivers, –– what
earlier century had even a presentiment that such productive forces slumbered in the lap of social
labor? Modern bourgeois society with its relations of production, of exchange and of property, a
society that has conjured up such gigantic means of production and of exchange, is like the sorcerer
who is no longer able to control the powers of the nether world whom he has called up by his spells.
In these crises there breaks out an epidemic that, in all earlier epochs, would have seemed an
absurdity –– the epidemic of overproduction. And how does the bourgeoisie get over these crises?
On the one hand by enforced destruction of a mass of productive forces; on the other, by the
conquest of new markets, and by the more thorough exploitation of the old ones. The various
interests and conditions of life within the ranks of

Elysium: The Bourgeoisie And Vegetarianism
Elysium is a film about two different classes living in two different worlds in the year 2154. The two
classes presented in the film are the bourgeoisie and proletarians. In 2154, Earth became
overpopulated and different diseases began to spread. The bourgeoisie wanted to preserved their
lifestyle, so they divided themselves from the proletarians people. The wealthy people created their
own world in the sky called, Elysium and the poor or low class people still lived on planet Earth. A
man named Max, was exposed to too much radiation at work and he only had five days to live. He
realized that the company saw him as a dispensable worker, a commodity, but he wanted to live.
From this, Max decided to advise a plan and go up to Elysium to get treatment ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Exploration is using a group of people at the expense of another. Max found out that the company
gave up on him and he became exploited for what Marx calls, "labor power." In a capitalist society,
Marx had the idea that the bourgeoisie own the means of production, but the proletarians own their
labor power which they sell to the bourgeoisie. From Professor Avent–Holt lecture about Marx,
labor power is the human input and the capacity to do work (Professor Holt: 14 Feb 2017). When
Max realized that the company exploited him for his labor power he decided to take matters into his
own hands. John Carlyle, was the man that owned the company that Max previously worked at.
John had some important information about Elysium which Max had translated it from John's head
to his. The information was encrypted. He and others sent off to Elysium, because Elysium had the
treatment which Max and others needed who were traveling with him. The uproar began, because
Elysium was a world where the bourgeoisie/wealthy would not have to see the proletarian people.
Max and his friend Spider decoded the encryption and found out at that the encryption meant a
world where everyone on Earth and Elysium would be citizens of Elysium. Max died because of the
decoding information in his head was self–destructing if the information was released. but

dominant, clearly showing the social inequality between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. By
analyzing the societies at that time Marx and Engels were able to represent a pattern in any capitalist
society. Another work from Marx and Engels is "The Class Struggles in France 1848 and 1850",
which exposes an explanation of this materialistic moment in France´s history and the most
important issues about the proletarian revolutionary strategies. The introduction of Friedrich Engels,
presents Marx's theory "When Marx undertook this work, the source of error mentioned was even
more unavoidable. It was simply impossible during the Revolution period of 1848–49 to follow the
economic transformations taking place simultaneously [...]And in spite ... Show more content on
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With most of the population unhappy with this, the Girondins and the Marsh, began a revolution in
which they killed all the Jacobins representatives. Consequently the Girondins had the power again,
creating the directory, but keeping the same closed mind of the Jacobins concerning any
controversial idea. They made rules that only beneficiated them, and with the unpopularity of the
government, Napoleon took over establishing a dictatorship on France. Napoleon´s Empire was
clearly beneficial to the bourgeoisie, since he adopted phioscracy for the economy, therefore the
government did not affect it. One of the most important allies of Napoleon was the bourgeoisie and
vice versa. With the revolutions that happened in 1830, until the end of the century, the proletariat
was totally established and present, therefore there were plenty of rebellions between the proletariat
and the bourgeoisie, something that have not happened in the beginning of the one hundred years

Bourgeoisie And Proletariat Face During The 19th Century
Most present–day Western societies are accustomed to a 3–tiered class–system: working class,
middle class, and upper class. However, these societies weren't always set up this way. In England
and the United States, for example, during the 18th century, were typically made up of two classes:
the bourgeoisie and the proletariat.
The bourgeoisie was the upper–middle class who controlled most of the wealth and power. Unlike
the bourgeoisie, the proletariats were people who weren't wealthy but earned their wages by manual
labor or working in factories. Separate to the bourgeoisie, whose power was associated with the
ability to purchase material objects and plenty of property, the proletariat's only power was derived
from their ability to work.
This hierarchy exceedingly changed during the 19th century when the Industrial Revolution and the
increase in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Seurat is commonly known for being a post–impressionist painter whose work did not signify the
fluid and naturalism of impressionism. He used highly calculated geometry to develop his
compositions and perfected the technique of pointillism, a method of placing small dots or
brushstrokes made out of pure color right from the tube of paint. When viewing Seurat's, A Sunday
Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte (1884–1886), you recognize the pointillism technique
making up the entire composition, as well as Seurat's reaction to the 19th–century social hierarchy
in Paris. This colossal artwork, measuring in at 7x10 feet, shows the day in the life of a bourgeoisie
person. The figures represent a range of bourgeoisie types that would have been easily recognizable
to the 19th century viewer with their confident stance and expensive attire. Unfortunately, many are
unsure what Seurat was trying to translate in this work. One theory believes that Seurat is mocking
the barren habits and unyielding attitudes of the upper–middle

Bourgeoisie And Proletariat In Russian Revolution
The conflict between different classes in a community due to competition in socioeconomic interest
and desires of different classes of people is the class struggle. Class conflict is also known as class
war. According to Marx theory "ever since human society emerged from its primitive and relatively
undifferentiated state it has remained fundamentally divided between classes who clash in the
pursuit of class interest". During the ancient periods, people have been facing a lot of crisis because
of creating differences among the classes of the people. The difference in upper class that includes
wealthy and powerful people and lower class which includes working class is very wide.The richer
and the powerful ones enjoy the highest degree and most comfortable life ,but the poorer people
have to live under the control of their masters. Thus, the division between rich and poor leads to
class struggle. Therefore, this essay mainly displays about bourgeoisie and proletariat and imbalance
of power in ownership of public properties.
The division of society into bourgeoisie and proletariat in Russian revolution brings conflicts and
disputes among the classes .The bourgeoisie annihilated fundamental rights of the ... Show more
The line "all animals are equal, but some are more equal than others", indicates an imbalance
ownership of the wealth amongst the animals, (Orwell, 1945).Similar to that superior and powerful
people in society owns the wealth and property. The group of few people represents the masses and
takes over the ownership of the properties .In the story animal farm, it is depicted through pigs
controlling over the farm and having the properties. The other animals (proletariat) have no right to
own and enjoy over the production they made with hardships. Due to an imbalance of power rich
becomes richer and poor poorer. Thus, it causes class

Bourgeoisie And Proletariat In The Communist Manifesto By...
Class Co–dependence of Bourgeoisie and Proletariat in Marx
According to Karl Marx, history is defined by class struggle. This epoch is one of an increasingly
polarized duality of Bourgeoisie and Proletariat; simply defined as an antagonism between the
owners of capital and means of production, and the wage–labors with no capital to speak of; A
byproduct of Capitalism. Introduced in The Communist Manifesto as a war of sorts, violent and
hostile, his description continues both in the Manifesto and in Capital, to delve deeper beneath the
surface layer and evolves into a more complete evaluation of their complex codependent
relationship. As opposed to two oppositional parts of a whole society, they are irrevocably linked
and intertwined, by very ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Marx depicts two camps at war, but shortly thereafter at a multifaceted association between them.
They are not two sides of a civil war, but rather more intimately linked. The Bourgeoisie are
described as leaders of an Industrial army (of Proletariat), indicating in some sense, the two being
parts of a singular mechanism, one driving toward progress. The Proletariat "masses of labourers,
crowded into the factory, are organised like soldiers. As privates of the industrial army they are
placed under the command of a perfect hierarchy of officers and sergeants. Not only are they slaves
of the bourgeois class, and of the bourgeois State; they are daily and hourly enslaved by the
machine, by the over–looker, and, above all, by the individual bourgeois manufacturer himself." 479
There is definitely exploitation and oppression of the Proletariat by the Bourgeoisie, but they are
both part of a working system, that of Capitalism. By definition the one class depends on the other
for its very existence. One cannot define a group as the owners of the means of production, without
having a separate group that therefor is not; there can be no class distinguished

Effects Of Marxism On The Bourgeoisie
Marxism is a clear–cut view of the French revolution. It gives a central role to the Bourgeoisie for
being the main inspirators for its cause. This is due to the fact that it was widely believed to be them
who stood to gain the most. Lefebvre was the main and most revered of all Marxist historians. His
belief is that the year 1789 was the one in which the Bourgeoisie took power. They had been waiting
for centuries in order to do this, according to Lefebvre, and when they had finally reached sufficient
numbers and wealth they took the initiative. They owed most of their success to a shift of what was
considered important in society. In medieval society, the landed Aristocracy had dominated. They
owed much of their success and wealth to the land. This is not the case in the eighteenth century
when the impetus changed and economic power, personal abilities and confidence became more
desirable than land.1Although the Bourgeoisie was growing in vast numbers, the Nobility had one
thing over on them, Social Status.
This leads on to the main crux of the Marxist argument, that there was a class struggle between the
Nobles and the Bourgeois. The Nobility were being left far behind and the Bourgeois were steaming
ahead, getting wealthier and more powerful by the day. The Bourgeois were growing richer through
Commerce and Industry. Ships left for the Levant, Africa, and the Caribbean in droves. Coal and
Iron production was going full steam ahead, along with cloth–making and Western

Bourgeoisie By Karl Marx
Karl Marx, a historian and political theorist, believed that there would be a great revolution
involving the proletariat, or working class who sell their labor, and the bourgeoisie, who control the
means of production. Because the bourgeoisie controlled the means of production, the proletariat
were under the control of the bourgeoisie, and had to sell their labor even though the work was
alienating to them. Working in factories was the only job they could land, but were forced to do so
to survive. The actions of the bourgeoisie and proletariat prove
Marx's idea that everything done in society is for capital gains, or money. Marx proposed that the
proletariat would rise up and all would become one class, working together for the society.

Impact of the Bourgeoisie on Exploration During the Age...
Impact of the Bourgeoisie on Exploration During the Age of Discovery
Thesis: Most people believe that The Age of Discovery was the product of a handful of adventurous
explorers. They were an important part of this Age, but theirs was not the main motivation. I believe
however, that the Bourgeoisie provided the impetus of this Age.
The Bourgeoisie, a social class most distinct from the rest, remains one of the most influential
economic leaders throughout Europe during the Age of Discovery. Exploration and newfound
wealth drove this class into being so powerful that their presence threatened the Aristocracy and
social strata. Let it be known that the drive behind the bourgeoisie was not centered as much on
religion as it was on ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Records describe the self–made man society, the Bourgeoisie along with Nobility and the
Proletariat. The ancient Bourgeoisie made up the middle section of merchants who carried on
commerce. The presence of the Bourgeoisie is shown by the law code of the Babylonian king,
Hammurabi (2067–2925 BC), which has numerous provisions dealing with merchants and the
carrying on of commerce (Palm, 8). Egypt prospered and had a really energetic Bourgeoisie. Thebes
became the main metropolis; the main center for trade. Phoenicia rather than Egypt became the top
Bourgeoisie State of the ancient world. The citizens demonstrated progress in domestic
manufacturing, ship construction, foreign colonization, and general commerce. Exchanging and
receiving products of the East and West, they visited most parts of the world.
Increased competition arose by Greece, Arabia, Lyons, and Asia Minor, not to mention Babylon and
Mesopotamia. Phoenicia still tried to keep her status; for the Phoenicians had great knowledge of
navigation and geography. The Greeks tried to destroy Phoenicia's control, acquiring commercial
and industrial interests that quickly changed as trade with foreign lands rapidly expanded. The
business classes were now obtaining great wealth. The Bourgeoisie business class sometimes
became so powerful that occasionally revolted against the Aristocracy within their own city–states.
To please the Bourgeoisie, the Aristocracy would arrange a new classification of the

Bourgeoisie: People Who Made Up The Third Estate
Bourgeoisie was people that belonged to the Third Estate. About 97 percent of people belonged to it.
Most of this Estate lacked many privileges. To go along with the Third Estate there was also a First
and Second. In the First Estate it was made up of all people ordained for religious duties in the
Roman Catholic Church, and they believed Enlightenment ideas were worthless. The second Estate
was made up of rich nobles, they held highest offices in the government, and disagreed about
Enlightenment ideas. There were three different major groups that made up the Third estate. The
first group was middle class people, these people were factory owners, bankers, professionals,
merchants, and skilled artisans. These people were well educated and believed

Karl Marx 's Philosophy On The Development Of The Bourgeoisie
Philosopher Karl Marx claims humanity is best understood through philosophical explanations. In
order to understand humans and their history, one should look at philosophy. Marx basis his ideas
off of the Hegelian dialect – start with a thesis; once something contrary to that arises, develop an
antithesis. When the tension between the thesis and antithesis resolves, you get the synthesis. The
synthesis then becomes a thesis and develops its own antithesis and then another synthesis. Based on
Marx's claim, history unfolds and develops just as the Hegelian dialect does. When two groups of
people co–exist in a society (one who have power and ones who don't), there is conflict. Those two
aspects of society then work out their differences and create a new, better society. This is known as
the manifesto. In this paper I will talk about Marx's take on the development of the bourgeoisie (the
upper class), the proletariat (the lower class) and capitalism. Marx believes the bourgeoisie came out
of the middle ages. He claims they were once the lower class. During the middle ages, the ruling
class consisted of kings and queens, the feudal class. Following the Hegelian dialect, the normal
people will get fed up of those more powerful, leading to internal contradictions. The bourgeoisie
took charge of trade, as the traded the way nobility could not. The bourgeoisie worked as merchants
and used trade to climb up the social ladder. They overthrew nobility, becoming the new upper class
and

Bourgeoisie And Industrialism
In the wood carvings created in 1846, two separate images depict a model welfare institution for
orphaned girls and boys in Germany during the early years of industrialization. Both images portray
a glorified view of the Bourgeoisie, who were owners of the means of production, and the
Proletariat, members of the working class. These two social classes propelled the Industrial
Revolution in Europe. The two images titled Orphaned Girls and Boys in a Welfare Institution,
present an idealized situation of the Industrial Revolution and argue that the Bourgeoisie depended
on the labor of the Proletariat for economic prosperity and survival.
The Industrial Revolution began in England during the early nineteenth century when demand for
iron and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Members of the Proletariat became forced to sell their manual labor to the Bourgeoisie to live. The
Bourgeoisie and Proletariat worked closely together but quickly developed a one–sided relationship
with the Bourgeoisie controlling work hours and wages.
The first of the two carvings, titled Orphaned Girls and Boys in a Welfare Institution, claim it was
vital for young girls during the Industrial Revolution to learn how to sew correctly. The Industrial
Revolution called upon every man and woman to produce material goods. To maximize production,
the Bourgeoisie became forced to increase their labor force and had to teach young girls necessary
trade skills. In the orphanage, some girls seem confused and do not know how to sew because they
are staying away from their work (Image 1). The Bourgeoisie are unable to gain economic wealth
when members of their labor force were unable to assemble a product or material correctly.
Additionally, in the far right corner of the image, the leader of the orphanage punished a girl, yet she
still sews (Image 1), which indicates that even though the girl committed an egregious act, the
Bourgeoisie still depended on her labor because they still needed to meet the daily quota.
Marxism agrees with the argument made by the first image: the Bourgeoisie depending on the labor
of the Proletariat for economic survival.

Bourgeoisie Dbq
The Industrial Revolution was a time of great advancement for America as a whole. The bourgeoisie
felt the positive effects of this in the form of new entrepreneurship opportunities, growth of existing
business and an overall wealth increase. As their means to faster and more efficient transportation
grew, so did the productivity of factories and distribution. The bourgeoisie were known for their
high standard of living throughout the revolution. They lived and worked comfortably, constantly
expanding their power and capital. Some may say that the bourgeoisie were unfair in their treatment
of the proletariat, although this is true they did what was necessary in order to better themselves and
their country. As their wealth increased steadily it can be said that the lives of the bourgeois during
the Industrial Revolution were prosperous due to the expansion of knowledge, innovation and
business throughout America.
As horse drawn stagecoaches began fading and were replaced by railroads, business owners were
able to send goods both more cost and time efficiently. Therefore increasing their overall net
income. With the coming of the Richard Trevithick's steam powered locomotive train engine in
1801, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The work of the proletariat made possible the expansion of industrialization and capital in business
throughout America. With innovation at its very beginning the dangers the working class were
submitted to at times were unavoidable without significant financial loss. According to Tejvan
Pettinger, several bourgeoise factory owners such as Robert Owen worked to improve his factory's
working conditions while encouraging his employees to be more productive. Although the
bourgeoisie were not necessarily just towards the proletariat, their actions are justified by the overall
outcome of the Industrial

Proletariat vs. Bourgeoisie in Karl Marx's The Communist...
Proletariat vs. Bourgeoisie in Karl Marx's The Communist Manifesto
In The Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx and Fredrick Engels attempt to explain the reasons for
why there is class struggle and suggest how to prevent class separation. According to Marx there are
two different types of social classes: the bourgeoisies and the proletarians. The bourgeoisie are
capitalists who own the means of production and the proletarians are the working classes who are
employed by the bourgeoisies. Due to their wealth, the bourgeoisies had the power to control pretty
much of everything and the proletarians had little or no say in any political issues. According to
Marx, the proletarians population would increase and they would ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The bourgeoisies made sure that the only way of survival for the working class was through them.
Marx even believed that the churches were oppressing the proletarians because the bourgeoisies
were controlling the churches. Therefore, Marx thought that religion should be abolished. Another
thing that Marx believed had no existence was the government because the bourgeoisie held all
political power.3
The proletarians and the bourgeoisies had very different ways in which they lived during the
industrial age. The proletarians lived inside the city where pollution was very bad and overcrowded
by a large majority of population, where as the bourgeoisies lived outside the city limits and
controlled much of the land. Once the Industrial Revolution came the life in the cities where the
proletarians lived became very drastic. Disease in the city became very bad and could destroy a
large percentage of the population by causing death. The working class suffered from various types
of diseases such as lung disease and many poisonings. The working class would not nearly live as
long as the bourgeoisies because they would not be able to receive the medical care that they
needed.4 Also crime in the cities became very high because criminals could get away very easily.
Eventually law enforcement would be created to slow down the high rates of crime. Another thing

What The Bourgeoisie Essay
Title: 'What the bourgeoisie...produces...is its own grave–diggers. Its fall and the victory of the
proletariat are equally inevitable.' Consider this statement with reference to the pattern of class
struggle that Marx sees appearing under capitalism.
Through my analysis of Marx and Engel's 'The Communist Manifesto' I have come to somewhat
agree with their view that in the end the Proletariat always come out on top. It seems to me that it is
nothing but a vicious circle . Marx comments that through our history there has always been
evidence of two classes, in other words: the rich and the poor, he makes the claim that there has
forever been the server and the served: "...we find almost everywhere a complicated arrangement of
society ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Marx discusses in this piece the ever–changing nature of systems, from the Feudal system to the
manufacturing system to the Industrial system, "The feudal system of industry...now no longer
sufficed...The manufacturing system took it's place...Thereupon, steam and machinery
revolutionised industrial production." (D.Mclellan, Marx, OUP 1977) pg 223. Therefore the middle
man was cut out, he was no longer important, the division between the powerful and powerless grew
to become much more. "The place of manufacture was taken by the giant, Modern Industry, the
place of the industrial middle class, by industrial millionaires, the leaders of the whole industrial
armies, the modern bourgeois."
Marx, in my opinion alludes that the Bourgeois have ruined many of the more caring and loving
parts of our society. The family is an institution that has been present for many centuries, people
associate the family as the core of a person's development, the way a person is brought up
essentially shapes the rest of one's life, the person one become, the way one live one's life and the
way in which one's relationships develop in adult life. "The bourgeoisie has torn away from the
family its sentimental veil, and has reduced the family relation to a mere money relation."
(D.Mclellan, Marx, OUP 1977) pg 224. I disagree with this statement, of course I grasp that money
is extremely important

Communist Manifesto Social Class
The first part of the Communist Manifesto focuses on the bourgeoisie and the proletariats.
Throughout the text Marx focuses on the divide between the two classes, and the impact it had on
society. Marx "the history all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles." Before the
bourgeoisie rose to power, Feudal society was the dominant social system in which the upper class
provided land and protection for the working class. Eventually the feudal society could not keep up
with the growing demand of the market and the bourgeoisie arose from the remnants of the feudal
society. As the bourgeoisie rise to power this divide of the social class was known as the oppressor
vs the oppressed.
The bourgeoisie were a capitalist class who ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Marx points out that "the laborers life is to merely increase capital, and is allowed to live only in so
far as the interest of the ruling class." The more bourgeoisie exploited the proletariats for work, the
wealthier the bourgeoisie became, thus reaping the benefits of the proletariats.
The bourgeoisie society was unlike many in the past. They held onto this facade of capitalism,
economic wealth and means of production. Individuality, family, and property were still prevalent
among the proletariats, but were suppressed by the bourgeoisie. The bourgeoisie were considered
the ruling class, and tore apart the family sentiment focusing on money, stripped the proletariats of
their individuality, and owned all of the factories and industries. Although they prided themselves on
being a wealthy social class, their means of production and wealth relied heavily on the labor of the
proletariats. Marx criticized that the proletariats want to "fight against the bourgeoisie, to save from
extinction their existence." The proletariats came to realization that under the rule of the bourgeoisie
they would only be viewed as a machine in means of production. If the bourgeoisie continued to
obtain power and create more capital, there would always be class struggle and conflict, history all
hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles." Marx pointed out that what the
"bourgeoisie therefore

Main Ideas Of The Communist Manifesto
The Main Ideas of the Communist Manifesto
This essay discusses the three main ideas of The Communist Manifesto. The first idea is the struggle
between class divisions, the bourgeoisie and the proletariats, how the bourgeoisie came to dominate
society. The second idea is how the bourgeoisie exploited various mediums through means of
production and came to bring about the industrial revolution and how the proletariats united to
overthrow the bourgeoisie. The final idea is how the communists work together with the proletariats
towards a common goal of abolishing private property, thus creating freedom for all.
Class Struggle
The main concept dealt with in The Communist Manifesto is social class. Social class was according
to Marx, the common relationship ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Norman, 1955, page 13) The communists related to the proletariats, they shared the same aim of
over throwing the bourgeoisie and gaining political control. Having the communist on side through
their battle was a massive advantage to the proletariats. Communists represented their interests
especially regarding their wage labour. "In bourgeoisie society, living labour is but a means to
increase accumulated labour. In communist society, accumulated labour is but a means to widen, to
enrich, to promote the existence of the labourer...In bourgeoisie society, capital is independent and
has individuality, while the living person is dependent and has no individuality." (Marx, 1848, page
24) The bourgeoisie continued to exploit workers for capital gain. Abolition of bourgeois
individuality and freedom and private property is the aim for communists. In order to do precisely
this the working class must rise into political supremacy gaining political power allowing them to
oppress the bourgeois class. "If the proletariat during its contest with the bourgeoisie is
compelled...will thereby have abolished its own supremacy as a class." Thus creating an "association
in which the free development of each is the

Marx and the Bourgeoisie Essay
In this essay I plan to analyze the claim by Karl Marx that the bourgeoisie class produces its own
"gravediggers". I will first present a definition of the bourgeoisie and the proletariat classes along
with what Marx means by his claim. After discussing Marx's claim and his support I will assert that
his claim is false and was based on a false assumption. I will argue that Marx does not allow the
possibility of an adaptation on behalf of the bourgeoisie. Furthermore, that Marx contradicts his
claim with his own ideologies from his critique of capitalism. Finally, Marx adopts historical
determinism to support his view which has proven to be flawed. The claim that the bourgeoisie
produces its own gravediggers is based on circumstantial ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
"We see, therefore, how the modern bourgeoisie is itself the product of a long course of
development, of a series of revolutions in the modes of production and of exchange." (Marx, 424).
In this sense, the bourgeoisie have the ability to change since they themselves are products of
revolutions. In other terms, the bourgeoisie are an always changing class that has found ways to stay
in power through political hegemony over the proletariat class. Marx conjures the proper
preconditions for a successful rebellion but again contradicts himself through his own ideologies.
Although Marx believes that capitalism will be responsible for the proletariat rebellion it is the same
system that will estrange man from each other and thus prevent a successful revolt.
Marx asserts certain preconditions that must exist in order for a rebellion to take place. Marx
believes that capitalism provides these preconditions and therefore a revolt by the proletariat class is
inevitable. As discussed in Professor Kathryn Walker's lecture, Marx describes four preconditions
for a successful social rebellion, "A mass of people for rebellion, a problem to rebel against, a
common experience and identification of the problem." (Walker, 2005). Marx is correct in
identifying the necessary preconditions yet does not take into consideration that just because the
conditions are set does not mean a rebellion is inevitable. Marx displays how

Essay on Wealth and Poverty: Karl Marx
Communism has been regarded as the opposite to capitalism; however it was capitalism that gave
rise to communism. During the Gilded Age capitalism influenced the growth of the industrial
revolution in Europe and in the United States. The Gilded Age was the period of 1870–1910, where
there was great economic growth in the United States. People like Andrew Carnegie and John D.
Rockefeller were entrepreneurs who made their fortunes in this age of industrialization. Although
this period brought technological advances and economic growth, it also was a period of disparity
and poverty. Karl Marx, a German philosopher, saw this inequality growing between what he called
"the bourgeoisie" and "the proletariat" classes. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Europe was becoming overcrowded and resources were becoming scarce. As a result, the working
class grew to become the mass population while the middle and upper classes shrank in size.
However, the economic and politic power still rested on the bourgeoisie, not in the proletariats.
Because the bourgeoisie had the power, they established a new social order based on the old feudal
system. In The Communist Manifesto written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, it is stated "The
modern bourgeoisie society that has sprouted from the ruins of feudal society, has not done away
with class antagonisms. It has but established new classes, new conditions of oppression, new forms
of struggle in place of the old ones." (Communist Manifesto pg. 244) This means that the
bourgeoisie class has imposed a new order of social ranking class like the feudal system, but this
time they are the kings and land lords. In this new order, the proletariat class is the feudal, the
feudal; the poor; the lower class. Throughout our history, there has always been a social rank, where
people are classified based on their physical or economic traits. The bourgeoisie created a new
social rank but now they plan to extend this rank into a global rank. With the help of the industrial
revolution, their new social class will expand quicker and further than any previous system before.
In "The Gospel of

Research Paper On Bourgeoisie
The bourgeoisie dominated over many parts of society and karl marx and friedrich engels were
equally very worried about this and began to addressed these issues, in the communist manifesto and
they also felt the need to include how workers were being forced to have to work in such horrible
condition also seeing how their working conditions would affect the workers. Karl marx as some
kind of show and how between them people who were oppressed were standing up and fighting the
people who were oppressing them. It was mostly based on how the bourgeoisie had almost full
control over the proletariats people's lives.him seeing how the work that most of the work the
proletariats work they would do would only just pay off the bourgeoisie with all ... Show more
it was explaining the story that marx saw that the oppressing the proletariats and what they stated in
the first chapters that's what I agree about of what i think marx was writing for example " the
bourgeoisie has stripped of its halo every occupation hitherto honored and looked up to with
reverent awe. It has converted the physician, the lawyer the priest the poet, the man of science into
its paid wage laborers." this helps back up the idea that form the work that all of the proletarians did.
But only the bourgeoisie were getting anything from it. And that was what was showing how the
bourgeoisie were being controlled almost all of the proletariat

Bourgeoisie And Proletariat By Karl Marxist
Karl Marx's philosophy defines specific characteristics that came to be known as the Marxist
approach. In this critical approach, whoever holds the power and controls the factories or means of
production, consequently controlled the whole society. Marx's opinion states that the laborers
running the factories and thus holding the means of production should be the ones holding the
power. However, this idea rarely holds true in practical society. Frequently, Marx notes, that the
powerful people hire other people to carry out the labor. This decision of power is a reflection of
culture. Two main classes or divisions of people exist, the bourgeoisie and proletariat. The
bourgeoisie are the powerful or those who in charge or production ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Simply, the proletariat are conditioned to take pride in their specified areas, thus they are prevented
from wanting to challenge their oppressors. The bourgeoisie use a variety of means to impose their
ideals on the proletariat such as designing their art and literature to be enjoyable, thus the powerless
are immune and unaware to their manipulation. Since the bourgeoisie control the means of
production anything offensive or challenge will never come to mainstream. Phillip Sipiora best sums
up the idea of this approach when he says it aims to show the portrayal of social injustice, the ethical
effects of of the pot elements, the conflict between personal and community responsibilities, and the
way the proletariat simply exist without question in their suppressive, evil environment (122). When
utilizing the Marxist approach, the two classes are identifiably divided. While both sides are aware
of the division of power, the proletariat's conditioning leads to acceptance of their place with
contentment and without challenge. Orwell best describes this theory as "all animals are equal, but
some are more equal than others" (Frye 9). In the novels, the citizens live under this false idea of
equality. The bourgeoisie's definition of equality differs tremendously from the modern day
definition of equality. Huxley illustrates

The Bourgeoisie In The 17th Century
Did the Bourgeoisie bring substantial changes to 17th century Europe?
As the world has become increasingly competitive especially with globalization and economic
expansion the economic group that is behind this expansion were the bourgeoisie. During the 17th
century the bourgeoisie were known to be the upper rich class through the control of manufacturing
product or finance. The Bourgeoisie were the smaller population that held more wealth and although
they lacked in finding solutions to have a balanced society, they were able bring substantial changes
such as more wealth to their own cities through manufacturing products and allowed cultural
diffusion through trade. Society back in the 17th century held a small population of upper ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Since they were the in charge of manufacturing products and finance, they were able to increase to
population of cities. The increase of these cities is due to specialized laborers and skilled craftsmen
which helped produce variety of goods in factories and workshops of varies towns and cities. The
bourgeoisie were devoted and spent long hours to their businesses and poured much of their profit
back into them or went for new ventures. Another change substantial change the bourgeoisie were
able to make was cultural diffusion through trade. As goods such as "Caribbean and Brazil sugar and
rum, Mexican chocolate, Virginia tobacco, North American furs, East India cotton textiles and
spices and Chinese tea" (page 452) were in demand. Cultures begin to clash with one another with
different types of clothes, art, food to be accepted with in different regions. One of the items that
was beneficial to many of these regions when it came to trade was maps. The Dutch were successful
and excelled at mapmaking which helped different places to have contact with foreign land and
trade. As the expansion of maritime trade increase due to the trade, newer designs for merchant's
ships emerged which allowed a larger capacity of cargo to be held within a ship. The government as
well undertook many large projects to improve better systems of water transport to allow transport
of goods to sail

The Role of Autonomy and Responsibility Held by the...
The Role of Autonomy and Responsibility Held by the Bourgeoisie during the Industrial Revolution
During the Industrial Revolution the population was broken up into two classes; the minority was
the rich, industrial middle class, the bourgeoisie, and the majority was the poor working class, the
proletariat. The bourgeoisie believed in their rights to gain wealth and preserve individuality and in
their duty to maintain these rights, which in turn determined the harsh laboring and living conditions
of the working class. The indignities forced upon the lower class also caused movements that
challenged the bourgeoisie to alter their beliefs. These included the creation of Communism, the
Christian Socialist Movement, utopian ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Their labor was necessary because wages rose only to a subsistent level. It was either work in
appalling surroundings or die of starvation.
Since this hard laboring class only received subsistent wages, their living conditions were bleak as
well. Wages were only high enough for most of the working class to buy products necessary for
survival, such as food and shelter. In his essay, ìThe Condition of the Working Class in England,î
Frederick Engels described the city of Manchester, England, which was a primary manufacturing
town. Everywhere heaps of debris, refuse, and offal; standing pools for gutters, and a stench which
alone would make it impossible for a human being in any degree civilized to live in such a district"
(2). At the end of this essay, he admitted his description could not truthfully represent the reality of
it. The breakup of the working class family also occurred due to such low wages. In another essay,
"The Impact of the Factory System on Women and the Family,î Engels described the moral
degeneration of working class families. He argued that without a mother or a father there to raise the
children, they grew up without any authority figures except the harsh discipline they received at the
factory jobs they worked as small children. He said, ìand children growing up in this savage way,
amidst these demoralizing influences, are expected to turn out goody–goody and moral in the end!
Verily the

The bourgeoisie made up about 8 percent of the population, which is about two million people. 20–
25 percent of the land was owned by them. Types of people in the bourgeoisie included bankers,
merchants, industrialists, and professional people like doctors, writers, and lawyers. They were not
happy with what the nobles were capable of doing, but instead of abolishing them, some became
nobles. They were upset with the monarchical system because it was based on ideas of an old and
rigid social order. An immediate cause of the revolution was the almost–collapsing French budget.
In 1787 and 1788, failed harvests caused a slowdown in manufacturing which caused a higher
demand for food, increasing their prices, and leaving people without jobs. A long term issue of the
revolution was the inequality of estates. The first and second estate had way more say over the third
estate. This in hand caused the third estate, which most people ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
For example, in the estates–general, the first and second estates had more say than the third estate.
This led to the third estate paying most of the taxes. The first and second estate payed little to
nothing. Economic issues caused by the excessive and unnecessary spending led to an economic
collapse. This forced the king to call a meeting for the estates–general in order to raise funds
through a new system of paying taxes. The third estate declared itself to be the national assemble
because since they had the most people out of the estates, they felt like they should have majority
vote. They believe they'd make a better representation of the nation than either the first or second
estates. The French peasants were acting back for the way they were being treated. Between the lack
of food, oppressive taxes, and poor economic conditions, they wanted to rebel. They also resented
the nobility and their practices and their opinions which also led them to their

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