CE 191T – Site Plan Development Assignment 11 – 100 points .docx

CE 191T – Site Plan Development Assignment 11 – 100 points
In this assignment you will prepare a grading plan for 5 acres,
plus or minus an acre, using the provided
site plan dwg file. The grading area that you will work in is the
area within the magenta boundary. Once
you understand the boundary limits you can turn that layer off
so it is not in your way. You will provide:
• TFC and P points for all curb median islands
• G points for all gutter elevations
• FL points for all valley gutters
• GR points for all storm drain grate inlets
• TFC point for all curb face inlets
Open the template file provided and Save As:
LASTNAME_I_11.DWG TO YOUR PROJECT FOLDER
Download the following documents:
1. CoF Development Code
a. Article 20 – General Site Regulations
b. Article 24 – Parking and Loading
c. Article 31 – General Provisions
Read these documents and use the information in them along
with the general instructions in this
assignment to develop the grading plan for this portion of the
parking lot up to the building
Rules of the road:

Minimum slope on any asphalt concrete pavement in any plane
is 1% (0.01 ft/ft)
Minimum slope in any direction on concrete sidewalk of slab is
1.5% (0.015 ft/ft)
Maximum crossfall (transverse to the direction of the path of
travel) is 2% (0.02 ft/ft)
Maximum longitudinal slope shall be 4.5% along the path of
travel unless the path of travel provides
resting areas as required by the ADA, but in no case shall the
maximum longitudinal slope exceed the
maximum allowed by the ADA
Maximum longitudinal slope on ramps shall conform to the
ADA standards
Minimum slope on concrete valley gutters is 0.2% (0.002 ft/ft)
Curb is dimensioned in accordance with the City of Fresno
Standard Plan
Curb and gutter is dimensioned in accordance with the City of
Fresno Standards Plans
The Finish Floor elevation of any building shall be six-inches
above highest breakover point for that
building
The lowest onsite inlet top of curb elevation (grate elevation
plus 0.50 feet) shall not bel less than the
lowest adjacent inlet top of curb connected to the public storm
drainage system in the street

The grade differential between the project side of the property
line and the neighboring side of the
property line shall not exceed six-inches without a retaining
wall. The maximum differential shall not
exceed 12-inches with a retaining wall.
Start at a known elevation and work towards the unknown. This
usually means that you start with the
street elevations and work onto your site.
Civil 3D Commands:
L – Line Command
PL – Polyline Command
Create Feature Line
Point Creation Tools
Manual
Surface
Slope
Layers:
C-SITE-CONC GREEN CONTINUOUS
C-SITE-TEXT-ELEV CYAN CONTINUOUS
C-STRM-PIPE BLUE CONTINUOUS
C-STRM-INLET BLUE CONTINUOUS
Grading Design:

Note that the area for which you will create a grading design is
the area in the magenta boundary. Once
you know where the boundary layer is, turn off the boundary
layer, C-SITE-GRADING_DESIGN_BNDY,
proceed with the grading design using the rules above.
You will design TFC and P elevation for parking median
islands, TFC and G elevations for curb and gutter,
FL elevations for all valley gutters that you may include in your
design, and GR elevations for all storm
drain inlets that you may include in your design. Note the
specifications for the point descriptors that
you will use for each point to designate the design elevation. In
other words, you will use AECC point
objects to label the design elevation and to perform your design.
The boundary elevations for the grading design area have been
designate in the drawing. You job is to
design the TFC, P, G, GR, and FL elevations within this area.
On the following page is an illustration of the grading area with
the boundary. The four corner boundary
elevations are also shown.

You design and label the median island TFC and P elevation for
a standard curb
You will use the following standard details for the dimensions
of curb:

Remember these dimensions and refer back to these details for
calculating TFC and Valley Gutter
elevationss
In this Assignment you will annotate the TOP FACE OF CURB
(TFC) AND PAVEMENT (P) for each island as
shown below:

To design grading, start from the known and then work towards
the unknown. In this case, the knowns
are the boundary elevations provided in the template drawing.
The remaining grading design will be
completed based on these boundary elevations.
The best scheme is to design the P elevations and then add the
TFC later because the TFC follows the
pavement elevation by +.05 feet in design. The other tip is use
the L (lip) elevation and not the TFC or G
elevation in CURB AND GUTTER situations because the lip
elevation sets the pavement elevation. The
difference between the TFC elevation and the L elevation is -
0.37 feet, i.e. the L elevation is 0.37 feet
lower than the TFC elevation.fd
There are many ways to begin the grading design. We are going
to start at the northwest corner of the
boundary area and draw a Feature Line along the lip of the
gutter to the northeast corner
Northwest
corner

Northeast
corner
Set the current layer to C-SITE-TEXT-ELEV
Start the Feature Line command and create a feature line using
Create Feature Line
Use the NODE Osnap and click on the point that is set for the
Lip of the Curb and Gutter at the
northwest corner. This should be the 292.20 L point.
When you click on the node, you will see a dialogue that shows
the elevation of the node point, 292.20.
Then you will be prompted to draw the feature line. Select A
for arc as the first segment of the feature
line will be along the arc of the lip of the curb and gutter. You
will then be prompted to select S for the
second point on the curb, type S and then use the NEAR Osnap
to select a second point in the lip within
the arc. Then use the END Osnap to select the end of the arc of
the Lip. At this point, Select T for
Transition as we are not done drawing the feature line. Next
select L to draw a straight line segment

from the end of the arc to the end of the lip at the northeast
corner of the grading area. Now set the
NODE Osnap and select the node of the Lip point set at the
northeast corner. This point should be
291.70 L. You will be prompted with the elevation of the node
point, 291.70. Select E for elevation at
this point and the routine will accept the 291.70 elevation.
Then use the ENTER key a couple of times to
end the command.
You have drawn a feature line that is 3D.
Now go back to the first island at the northwest corner of the
grading area and draw a line from the end
of the curb return to the face of the curb and gutter as shown.
Fill in the dialogue box as shown
make sure to click on Use current
layer
Click OK when you are finished
You will be prompted to select a
starting point for the Feature Line
Draw this line from the face of the
curb and gutter to the end of the

curb return at the island
The Civil 3D commands don’t have a routine for extracting a
point from a 3D feature and labeling it so
we will use the ID command to list the elevation of the Feature
Line at the point where the line crosses
the lip and then use the Points, Manual command to set the
point and label the elevation. You may
need to turn off the C-SITE-CONC layer to do this as
sometimes Civil 3D will default to the entity with
the 0 elevation rather than pick up the 3D entity.
Type ID to start the Identify command and use the NEAR Osnap
and select a point on the Feature Line
that is as close to the construction line as you can get.
Now use the Point Manual Command to set a point at the
intersection of the Feature Line and the
construction line.

And click on the Points Create Tools and you will see this menu
appear on your screen
Select the far left option and the Manual point command
Here is the point on the Feature
Line that is near the construction
line that we drew from the curb
return to the face of th Use the
Slope/Grade-Distance Point
command to set the P elevation at
the curb return for the island
e curb
When you are as close you can get,
click and Civil 3D will report back
th X Y Z ( l ti ) f th i t
Select the Manual point and set a point at the intersection using
the APPARENT INTERSECTION Osnap.
When prompted for the Description, use L for lip, and then
accept the Elevation that is shown. It should

be 292.13. Use the ENTER key a couple of times to end the
command.
Now use the SLOPE-GRADE-DISTANCE routine to create the
point elevation for the Pavement at the curb
return of the island.
Select the routine and follow the prompts as follows:
Use the NODE Osnap to select the point that you just created at
the Lip of the gutter. This sets the
starting location and elevation of the calculation of the P
elevation for the pavement at the curb return.
Select the end of the construction line at the curb return to set
the direction of the calculation.
Then type the letter G to set the calculation to Grade and not
Slope.
dEnter the cross fall of the pavement in percent, with no sign
for up and minus (-) for down. We want
the runoff to drain to the curb and gutter so we will not use a
sign and use 2 for 2% upslope to calculate
the P elevation at the curb return.
Select the end of the construction line at the curb return again
to set the location of the P elevation
point.
Accept 0 for the number of Intermediate points by using the
ENTER key.

Select 0 for the offset by using the ENTER key.
Use the ENTER key to accept the Y promot to set a point at the
end point of the construction line at the
curb return.
Enter P for the pavement elevation at the Description Prompt
And the Point will appear at the end of the curb return with the
P description and 293.01 Elevation.
You will have to use the ESCAPE key to end the command.
Set all of the north facing P elevations at the curb return
elevations using this routine.
Add 0.50 feet to the P elevations to calculate the TFC
elevations and add that point at each curb return
using the Point Manual routine.
Also use this routine to set these procedures to set the P and
TFC elevations the north/south curb line
that runs parallel with the north/south curb and gutter along the
east side of the grading area.
The ground has a drop or slope from north to south so we will

grade the parking lot that way as well and
try to push the runoff as far as the proposed storm drain located
along the drive in front of the office
commercial stores.
You would do this using valley gutters that slope from north to
south and then using cross fall across the
parking stalls to drain the pavement to the valley gutters.
Another method is the use only the pavement slope and drain to
inlets that are connected by a pipeline
system.
Either way you do the design, you must design using the
minimum gradients for pavement and curb and
gutter, and make sure that the building is safe from major
events that could flood the site. You want the
runoff to leave the site before it enters a building. You must
also make sure that the ADA parking stalls
do not exceed 2% cross fall or slope and that the ADA path of
travel meets ADA standards for cross fall
maximum of 2% and longitudinal slope of 5%.
If you choose to use valley gutter, you need to pick which drive
aisle they will be in and then draw them
into the aisles on the C-SITE-CONC layer. Use the valley
gutter detail to draw them in and to calculate
the P and FL elevations. Valley gutters are usually placed in
the middle of the drive aisle and can be
either in every aisle or in every other aisle. If they are in very
aisle, then the grade break for pavement
slope is along the parking stop lines. If they are in every other
aisle, the grade break is usually in the
middle of the aisle between the valley gutters.

Use the Slope/Grade-Distance Point command to set the P
elevation at the curb return for the island
The following illustration show the process of setting the FL for
the valley gutter
Once you have this end of the grading done, then move south to
the building end of the grading area.
This will establish the two ends of the grading area and allow
you to work out the middle of the grading.
Fixing the two ends reduces the number of possible solutions to
the problem and saves you time.
The building must be flat, or in other words, the walk and curb
in front of the building cannot have a
longitudinal slope. There will be cross fall across the sidewalk

away from the building towards the
parking lot, but there will be no slope parallel with the building.
You can see that in the two TFC
elevations set at both ends of the grading area. They are both
the same elevation.
This means that any longitudinal slope on the parking lot
parallel with the building must be created by
the cross fall on the pavement from the building to the storm
drain line and valley gutter.
Start by drawing the valley gutter parallel with the building and
centered on the storm drain pipeline.
The valley gutter should terminate at the center of the most
easterly aisle.
The allowable cross falls from the curb at the building to the
valley gutter will range from 1% at the
upstream end of the valley gutter to 2% at the downstream end
of the valley gutter.
Draw the construction line.
Use the ID commend and the
Manual Point Command to set the
Lip of the curb and gutter.
Use the Slope/Grade-Distance
Point command to set the P
elevation at the curb return for the
island
Use the Slope/Grade-Distance Pint
command to set the P elevation at

the valley gutter for the island (I
used -1.5% from the P elevation for
the curb return to the P for the
valley gutter because we are
working from the low side
elevation and I wanted to reduce
the bump into the valley gutter
from the pavement as you turn
into the aisle.
Low Side P
High Side P
Since the parking lot drive aisle in front of the building is 27.8-
feet wide, half of which is 13.9-feet. The
valley gutter is 4-feet wide as illustrated in Detail A/30, half of
which is 2-feet. The distance from the
TFC to the edge of the valley gutter is 13.9-2 = 11.9-feet.
The range of deltas from the pavement at the building TFC to
the valley gutter are:
0.01 x 11.9 = 0.12 feet feet
0.02 x 11.9 = 0.24-feet
Using a minimum longitudinal slope on a valley gutter of 0.002
ft/ft means that the maximum run on a
valley gutter to stay within the limits of 1% to 2% cross fall is:

Run = (0.24-0.12)/0.002 = 60 feet. This does not work so we
need to push the storm drain and the valley
gutter to face of the endcap islands. This gives us double the
distance of fall and double the run
between grade breaks in the valley gutter.
New cross fall run = 27.8 - 2 = 25.8-feet
0.01 x 25.8 = 0.26-feet
0.02 x 25.8 = 0.52-feet
The new run between grade breaks is (0.52 – 0.26)/0.002 = 130-
feet
Draw the valley gutter that runs parallel with the building as
shown below:
Then move the storm drain over as shown.
Center the 4’ wide valley
gutter on the TFC of the

median cap. This will
probably preclude
planting trees in the
endcaps so we may need
to redistribute the tree
wells in the parking lot.
Move the inlet so that it
center in the valley gutter
elbow and then use it as a
junction box to turn the
storm drain from the Type
D inlet.
Now place a P point at the extension of the valley gutter
centerline to the building curb face using the
Manual Point command and a P elevation for the valley gutter
using the Slope/Grade-Distance
command. Use -2% for the grade. You want -2% because this
is the downstream end of the valley
gutter with the inlet and minus because you want the pavement
to slope from the building to the valley
gutter. Enter the 2% as 2 not as 0.02.
Draw circle with 130-foot radii to mark out the grade break
locations as illustrated in the picture

It looks like you can just stretch to the center of the third aisle
west to make our grade break.
Zoom down on that aisle and draw a construction line using the
MID Osnap on the northerly line of the
valley gutter to the south side of the valley gutter. Now use the
Slope/Grade-Distance point command
to set the P elevation at the proposed grade break location. Use
the NODE Osnap in the command to
select the easterly P elevation at the valley gutter. Then follow
the prompts. Select G for grade and
enter 0.2 for the slope to indicate a positive or up slope of 0.002
ft/ft. Use ESC to end the command.
You should get a P elevation at this point of:
Now use the Manual Point command to set a P elevation at the
building curb. Use the cross hairs to line
up the point location along the curb with the P elevation at the
valley gutter that you just created. This
is not really necessary, but it helps focus what you are doing

next.
Now check the cross fall from the P elevation at the building
curb to the P elevation at the valley gutter.
Cross Fall = (Pcurb – Pvg)/Run x 100 to calcualte the cross fall
in percent
Pcurb is the pavement elevation at the building curb
Pvg is the pavement elevation at the valley gutter
Run is the distance from the building curb face to the south
edge of the valley gutter
Cross Fall = (290.42-290.16)/25.9 = 1.0% This meets the
minimum elevation criteria so OK.
Now create the next low point in the valley gutter using the
Slope/Grade-Distance command. Find the
next grade break location using the circle to the west and draw a
construction line using the MID Osnap
from the north side of the valley gutter to the south side as you
did before but use the -0.2 grade to
slope down to a new inlet that will be located at this point. It
should look like this:
Now you can start to work out the endcap island P and TFC
elevations using the valley gutter elevations.
You can use the Slope/Grade-Distance point command to set the

P elevation opposite each of the curb
returns along the valley gutter. The nice thing about the
command is that the starting point and
elevation stay locked in, but you will have to specify the
direction and distance for each subsequent
point along the valley gutter.
Start the command, select the starting node using the NODE
Osnap, select the end point of the
construction line at the high point aisle, select G and enter 0.2,
then use the NEAR Osnap and your cross
hairs to line up the next point opposite the curb return, accept
the next prompts and enter P when
prompted for the point description. Now select the end point of
the construction line again when you
see:
Specify a point to define the direction of the intermediate
points:
Enter 0.2 at the Grade prompt (Civil 3D will hold the Grade
setting). Usie the NEAR Osnap and the cross
hairs to locate the next point opposite of the next curb return.
You should end up with elevations like
this:
Now you have to decide if you want a 0.5-foot curb face where
the valley gutter flow line (invert) meets

the curb or if you want a 0.625-foot curb face because the
valley gutter has a 1.5-inch drop from the
edge to the flow line. In this demonstration we will accept a
0.625-foot curb face (7.5-inch), but will
require that a detail be prepared to show the contactor how to
construct this.
Using this, the TFC elevation will be 0.5-feet higher than the P
elevations. You can use the Manual Point
Command to set the TFC elevation on the south side of the
endcap.
The north side of the endcap TFC should be high enough to
slope from the curb return to the valley
gutter.
Now you can work out the interior grades to the grading area.
You are probably now going to have to
use a valley gutter in each aisle. You can saw-tooth the north-
south valley gutter or keep them all
sloping south. The least expensive thing to do is to slope all
south, but you might get caught where you
need to saw-tooth the valley gutter in order to keep the cross
falls within the range of 1% to 2%. You
can stretch to 2.5% or 3% maximum. Do not exceed 3% in
Fresno as people are not used to slope over
3% in the Fresno area.
Also remember that the maximum cross fall in ADA travel way
is 2%. So all ADA parking stalls need to
have pavement slopes that do not exceed 2%. Most designers
use a maximum of 1.75% to avoid having
to tear out pavement due to construction tollerances.
It is also better to keep cross fall on median islands to a
maximum of 3% to avoid irrigation water

overflow on the low side.
Before you move on, check the longitudinal slope on the valley
gutter in the most easterly aisle. Use the
P elevation at the north end and the south end and distance
between the two to calculate the slope. It
should look line this:
(292.41 – 289.90)/275 = 0.0091 ft/ft this is greater than 0.002
so OK.
Good Luck.

CE 191T – Site Plan Development Assignment 11 – 100 points

CE 191T – Site Plan Development Assignment 11 – 100 points .docx

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CE 191T – Site Plan Development Assignment 11 – 100 points .docx