An Internet service provider (ISP) offers customers access to the Internet for a monthly or yearly fee. ISPs are categorized as regional or national based on their geographic coverage area. Regional ISPs service a specific area with a smaller support team, while national ISPs have nationwide coverage and a larger support team. ISPs interconnect with upstream providers to exchange traffic and routes to provide full connectivity to destinations on the Internet for their customers.

1. ISP
Internet Service Provider

2. What is ISP..??

3. An Internet service provider (ISP), also sometimes
referred to as an Internet access provider (IAP), is a
company that offers its customers access to the
Internet.

4. • In other words, ISP is a service (an access)
provider to a business/company that provides
individuals and organizations access to the
Internet free or for a monthly or yearly fee.

5. For complete Internet connectivity..??
• You must be able to reach all destinations on
the net.
• Your packets have to get delivered to every
destination.
• Packets from everywhere else have to “find
you”. This is done by having your ISP(s)
advertise routes for you.

6. TYPES OF ISP

7. • An Internet Service Providers are categorized
as:-
1. Regional ISP’s
2. National ISPs.
• Other than Internet connection, ISPs may also
provide related services like Web site hosting
& development, e-mail hosting, domain name
registration etc.

8. Regional ISP
A regional ISP usually provides Internet access
to a specific geographic area and usually has a
smaller technical support team

9. National ISP
A national ISP is a business that provides
Internet access in cities and towns nationwide
and have a much larger technical support
team.

10. ISP Interconnection

11. • Just as their customers pay them for Internet
access, ISPs themselves pay upstream ISPs for
Internet access.
• An upstream ISP usually has a larger network
than the contracting ISP and/or is able to provide
the contracting ISP with access to parts of the
Internet the contracting ISP by itself has no
access to.

12. The Internet Hierarchy

14. Peering

15. ISPs may engage in peering, where multiple ISPs
interconnect at peering points or Internet
exchange points (IXs), allowing routing of data
between each network, without charging one
another for the data transmitted—data that
would otherwise have passed through a third
upstream ISP, incurring charges from the
upstream ISP.
Upstream

16. Technologies Employed

17. • For home users:-
Dial-up
DSL (ADSL)
Broadband wireless access
Cable modem
ISDN
• For medium-to-large businesses:-
DSL (SDSL or ADSL)
Ethernet Technologies
ISDN
Satellite Internet

18. Responsibility of an ISP

19. • Providing and maintaining a connection to the
Internet
• Support the hardware and software needed to
service that connection
• To protect their site and network from external
threats such as viruses, hacker attacks and other
illegal activities
• Provide 24-hour customer service and technical
support

20. THANK YOU