6. The life cycle of Drosophila melanogaster
takes only 2 weeks
7. The bristlecone pines are a small group of pine trees
that are thought to reach an age far greater than that
of any other single living organism known,
nearly 5,000 years.
8. It is likely that the feeling of time is
linked to the lifespan. That means
that each organism has a sense
of time (if they think about time at
all) related to its species’ life
expectancies.
17. - Remember things that have happened.
- Talk about what we do, feel or see. Give
orders.
- Predict what we will do or what it will
happen.
- Fantasize about what we’d like to do or
about what could have been.
19. Language is somehow related to time
It is very likely that the first hominids could
use only imperatives.
Tungaiunga*
•Translated into present language, “Tungaiunga” means: “smash the mammoth’s
head with your stick while I pierce its neck with my spear”. They were people of
very few words.
20. Very concentrated language, indeed. But….
SOON, THESE FIRST HUMANS
FELT THE NEED TO EXPRESS
TIME IN AN EFFICIENT WAY IN
ORDER TO DEVELOP A COMPLEX
CIVILIZATION SO THEY HAD
TO INVENT TENSES.
23. subjuntivo présent potencial
präteritum futur imperfecto
passé infinitif l’infinito passato
imparfait indefinido gerundio
future participio anterieur
simple past presente persona
pluscuamperfecto imperativ
coniugazione going to
perifrástico plusquamperfekt
etc.
24. CONGRATULATIONS!
You are learning ENGLISH, and English
verbs are very easy:
Few tenses.
No distinct subjunctive.
No person inflection.
25. Imperative ¡ CONDITIONAL
Conditional simple
Conditional continuous
Conditional perfect
Conditional perfect
continuous
(modality)
PAST
Simple past
Past continuous
Past perfect
Past perfect
continuous
PRESENT
Simple present
Present continuous
Present perfect
Present perfect continuous
FUTURE
Simple future
Future continuous
Future perfect
Future perfect continuous
26. FEW WORDS TO LEARN
BE AM IS ARE WAS WERE BEEN BEING
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
WORK WORKS WORKED WORKING
1 2 3 4
SPEAK SPEAKS SPOKE SPOKEN SPEAKING
1 2 3 4 5
MUST
1
HAVE HAS HAD HAVING
1 2 3 4
27. PRESENT
I go to the cinema.
I am going to the cinema
I have gone to the cinema
I have been going to the cinema
PRESENT
Simple present
Present continuous
Present perfect
Present perfect continuous
28. FUTURE
Simple future
Future continuous
Future perfec
Future perfect continuous
FUTURE
I will go to the cinema.
I will be going to the cinema
I will have gone to the cinema
I will have been going to the cinema
29. PAST
I went to the cinema.
I was going to the cinema
I had gone to the cinema
I had been going to the cinema
PAST
Simple past
Past continuous
Past perfect
Past perfect continuous
30. I would go to the cinema.
I would be going to the cinema
I would have gone to the cinema
I would have been going to the cinema
I must go to the cinema
I can go to the cinema
I should go to the cinema
Etc.
CONDITIONAL
Conditional simple
Conditional continuous
Conditional perfect
Conditional perfect continuous
(modality)
