The Importance Of The Purpose Of The Constitution

The Importance Of The Purpose Of The Constitution
Section A: General Understanding of the Purpose of the Constitution The Constitution had many
important purposes and ideas. One of those ideas was establishing justice: the act of the government
creating fair laws, establishing freedom, liberty, and equality. It is very evident throughout the
Constitution that this goal has been met. For example, Full Faith and Credit explains that states
cannot discriminate against other citizens. The Constitution states, "Full Faith and Credit shall be
given in each state to the public, Acts, Records, and Judicial Proceedings of every other state"
(Article 4 Section 1 Clause 1). This is an example of a fair law because it explains states have to
respect the judicial ruling of other states. A common example of Full Faith and Credit is a driver's
license. If a random teenager gets a driver's license in Illinois, Wisconsin has to respect that license,
even though one has to be older to obtain a driver's license. This is fair because Illinois ruled that
this citizen is eligible for the right to drive. Another example of the Constitution establishing justice
occurs in the first amendment in the Bill of Rights. According to the First Amendment, "Congress
shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or
abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble,
and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances." This amendment is
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American Indians And Alaskan Natives
American Indians and Alaskan Natives have a relationship with the federal government that is
unique due to the "trust relationship" between the US and American Indians/Alaskan Natives
(AI/ANs) who are entitled to health care services provided by the US government by virtue of their
membership in sovereign Indian nations. In order to contextualize the complex nature of Indian
health programs it is necessary to become versed in the political and legal status of Indian tribes.
Through numerous constitutional, legislative, judicial, executive rulings, and orders that were
largely associated with the succession of land and subsequent treaty rights; the health care of
AI/ANs has been one of many responsibilities guaranteed by the federal government. The
foundations of which can be traced back to the year 1787. The ceded land has been interpreted in
courts to mean that healthcare and services were in a sense prepaid by AI/AN tribes and 400 million
acres of land. The misconception of "free healthcare" and a conservative political disdain from so
called entitlement programs have also led to misconceptions regarding the federal government's
responsibility to provide health care and services to AI/ANs. Rhoades (2000) has argued that tribal
sovereignty is the overarching principle guiding Indian health care on a daily basis.1 This paper will
examine the history surrounding federally mandated healthcare to AI/ANs, pertinent issues of
sovereignty, as well as case studies in tribal

The Political Background Of Hobby
Well first off, I'd like to say that having never really been all that interested in politics, analyzing the
life of a politician wasn't exactly something I felt too enthusiastic to delve into. Having said all that,
my intrigue in understanding the political background of Hobby picked up right from page #1 in the
book. Being a first–generation American in my family with direct roots to the small fairly new
nation of Bangladesh and being a New–York native myself, I've never really thought of how much a
connection one such as Hobby must have with a state or a land to truly become immersed in its
realm of politics. Dating back to the Civil War, Hobby's ancestors both provided service to the Texan
republic from Major Alfred Marmaduke Hobby of the Eighth Texas Confederate Infantry Regiment
to Captain of Company D Edwin E. Hobby. The Marmaduke's have made a great impact on Texas
ever since, with Major Marmaduke rejecting Union Lt. Kittredge's demand to inspect government
buildings as well as retaliating against the Union ship USS Arthur itself through open fire and Edwin
Hobby going onto becoming a district judge within the Livingston and Polk counties respectively.
Bill Hobby's very own father; Will Hobby went from being the president of the Houston Post to
Lieutenant Governor of Texas.
Another thing I noticed was how far a single implementation of a law or an amendment can so
drastically change the political culture even if it takes a few generations to sink in. On pages

Nonsectionalized Land Surveys
This chapter is about The Federal and State Nonsectionalized Land Surveys, in which states that
surveys have been sanctioned not only by the federal agencies but also by the government agencies.
The chapter included five principles, where they have given a proper description about the Federal
and State Nonsectionalized Land Surveys in area and their prospect. They Described about Early
New England and other Colonial–Era Surveys, in which they mentioned some terms, Lottery, Land
Division, Pitches, reservations, and Special grants and states it with the drawing and maps. Further
in the chapter they states some surveys, tracts and some more area in that which are highlighted as,
Ohio Company of Associates, Donation Tract, Symmes Purchase, Virginia ... Show more content on
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Hawaii land laws started after the death of Kim Kamehameha I in 1819, and after 36 years the laws
was modernized. In the this particular area they have given information about Land Titles, Hawaiian
Law and Kamaaina, The Great Mahele of 1848, Land court, Surveys at that time, Water Boundaries
and Adverse Possession. In the land surveys of Puerto Rican the land boundaries law are not
allowed in U.S mainland, also in this survey they mentioned the Old Spanish Surveys, Modern Land
Subdivisions, Natural Watercources, Land Parcel Research, Survey Authority, Preparation of Deeds
and Descriptions and Registration of Land Titles. Further they mentioned about the Mineral Surveys
which was the consideration of Congress and on May 20, 1785 it reserved most of the minerals. The
Further description is about the Water and Mineral Right Law, Land Open to Appropriation of
Minerals, the three term veins, lodes, or lodges, Extralateral and Intralimital Rights in which they
have shown in the picture that extralateral rights follows the downward course of veins. There's
more information about the Mill Sites, Tunnel Locations, Size of Claims, Discovery, Locations,
Possession, Annual Expenditures, Requirements for Patent, United States Mineral Surveyors, and
Survey of the

Budget Essay
Budget:
An estimate of income and expenditure for a set period of time.
Budget (from french bougette) generally refers to a list of all planned expenses and revenues.
A budget is an important concept in microeconomics, which uses a budget line to illustrate the
trade–offs between two or more goods. In other terms, a budget is an organizational plan stated in
monetary terms.
The budget of a government is a summary or plan of the intended revenues and expenditures of that
government.
Budget Preparation
A full understanding of the budget planning and preparation system is essential, not just to derive
expenditure projections but to be able to advise policymakers on the feasibility and desirability of
specific budget proposals, from ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Budget preparation is the principal mechanism for achieving items (1) and (2); item (3) typically
features as an element of budget preparation only in industrial countries, while item (4) is essentially
an issue in budget execution and cash management (see Sections 4 and 5). Moreover, no system of
budget execution or cash planning (the subjects of Sections 4 and 5) can do more than mitigate the
problems caused by poor quality or unrealistic budget preparation.
To understand the budget preparation process in a given country, it is important to: * assess the basic
soundness by judging the budget preparation system against certain internationally accepted
standards or "budget principles"; * know where to find the rules governing the budget preparation
process; and * from those rules, identify who has the responsibility for what elements of the budget
preparation process. * Recognizing the usefulness of budget principles
Based on the objective macroeconomic assessment of available revenues and financing, ideally, the
expenditure budget should aim to be comprehensive, transparent, realistic, policy–oriented, and
allow for clear accountability in budget execution. These concepts form a standard by which the
soundness of budget systems can be judged:
Box 1. Assessing the Soundness of the Budget
The soundness of budget systems can be judged by the following:
Comprehensiveness
* Is the

Policies Governing Renewable Energy Technology Case Study
Policy The Policies governing Renewable Energy technology projects are governed by a number of
acts: BC Provincial Permitting The Geothermal act and it's three sections: Regulations, tenures and
General Regulations, Govern the various aspects of this projects operations such as: Land Tenures,
permits, Leases, Licensing, exploration and environmental impact. [1] An Environmental
assessment process is required for projects that produce more the 50 MWatts of power. Forest,
Range, Road Authorizations and Permits/Tenures: for cutting down of trees for use or space.
Archaeology Assessment: Permits required under Heritage Conservation act to alter a heritage site
or object. Water Management and Licensing Water licenses are needed for power ... Show more
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Interest of Individual First Nations Members: "Under the Indian Act, individual members of a First
Nation may be given the right to use and occupy a parcel of reserve land..... Once approved, the
individual allotment holder has "lawful possession" of a parcel of land and may be issued a
Certificate of Possession as evidence of their right. An individual ....... may lease the allotment to a
third party, ..... All these transfers of individual allotments must be approved by the Minister. Non–
members of a First Nation cannot hold "lawful possession" of reserve lands. Under the Indian Act,
non–members can obtain rights to use or occupy reserve land by entering into leases or acquiring
permits or licenses. Leases, permits, and licences must be approved by the Band Council and the
Minister and are issued by AANDC. Leases The Minister issues leases to non–band members.
Leases are issued on behalf of the First Nation or individuals holding Certificates of Possession, and
must comply with all federal laws and First Nation by–laws. First Nations Land Management The
First Nation Land Management regime provides certain First Nations with powers to manage their
reserve land and resources under their own land codes. The sections of the Indian Act dealing with
land, resources and

Indigenous Struggle For A Life With Dignity
Jenny Melin
INT 203
Dr. Stephen Haymes
Indigenous Struggle for a Life with Dignity in the Ecuadorian Amazon
In this paper I argue that lawsuit filed against ChevronTexaco for dumping 18 billion gallons of
toxic wastewater, spilling roughly 17 millions gallons of crude oil, and leaving hazardous waste in
hundreds of open pits dug out of the forest floor have affected more than the ecosystem of the
Ecuadorian Amazon. ChevronTexaco has also completely threatened the Ecuadorian indigenous
people's way of life and was able to delegitimize their claim due to the global capitalist system and
lack of epistemic justice. However I also argue in this paper that the indigenous people's struggle
against ChevronTexaco is an exemplification of resistance to the global capitalist system and stands
in solidarity with the global justice movement. Indigenous peoples is a term especially used in the
international context to recognize the existence of ancestral peoples who existed prior to the
formation of modern nation–states and whose way of life was, and is, historically denied, outraged
and discriminated against. In September 2007 the United Nations Declaration on the Human Rights
of Indigenous Peoples was signed. This represents a huge discursive change within the international
context when recognizing the importance of indigenous people's livelihoods. Indigenous ethos
versus western ethos is extremely different in how they identify themselves. Indigenous peoples
characteristically

The Drought In California's Water System
Right now there is a drought in California and it is due to the water usage. Bach in the gold rush due
to miners mining for gold, the rivers became polluted and freshwater became limited. After the
earthquake in San Francisco that cause a big fire, San Francisco was in dire need of water so they
made a plan to built a dam in Hetch Hetchy. Many people argue as to whether to build the dam and
in the end the dam was built and that has shape California's water system hugely. The use of water in
California now has not been in the best interest of the state because The amount of water use for
agriculture is disportional, laws are making us use more water than needed and the Indians and
environment are being harm.
California's water use for agriculture ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Indians for example are being poorer. In 1853 E.A. Stevenson states, "The Indians in this portions of
the State are wretchedly poor, having no horses, cattle or other property. They formerly survived on
game, fish,acorns, etc. but it is now impossible for them to make a living by hunting or fishing"(Doc
2). This is due to miners turning the stream to mines to look for gold and they can do that because of
the law of prior appropriations And after being use up, the stream become muddy causing fish to
seek for new houses which will also be destroyed due to more miners using the streams carelessly.
This causes Indians, animals and habitats to die. It is stated by Jerry Stanley in 1997, "The gold rush
meant death by starvation for thousands of Native Californians, and death from disease for
thousands more"(Doc 7). This shows the consequence made by the miners. They use the water for
their gold, polluting the rivers with mercury and to the Indians that drink the water they are die and
if they don't they will sooner ar later die of dehydrations. It also stated by Jerry Stanley that due the
tree being cut downs, animals left which were a food source for Indians. The Indians are not the
only one who were being harm. The environment is being harm. They cut down tree which are
habitats for animals and the animals have to leave home and find a new one buts people will
continue cutting trees and polluting water, and taking their home away again and the animals will
sooner or later die out This create a cycle that will end with animals becoming endangered or extinct
so we should start changing our water

China Essay
Alone I stand in the autumn cold
On the tip of Orange Island,
The Xiang flowing northward;
I see a thousand hills crimsoned through
By their serried woods deep–dyed,
And a hundred barges vying
Over crystal blue waters.
Eagles cleave the air,
Fish glide under the shallow water;
Under freezing skies a million creatures contend in freedom.
Brooding over this immensity,
I ask, on this bondless land
Who rules over man's destiny?
–––––Mao Zedong (1925)
The 1949 Chinese Revolution was a transformative, epochal event, not only for the Chinese but for
the rest of humanity, as well. If the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution in Russia (that resulted in the
creation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics or Soviet Union) inaugurated an international ...
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Thus, the communist victory in China (the most populous nation on Earth) created a stronger sense
of threat in one camp and of impending victory in the other. It also contributed to the way this
bipolar struggle came to overshadow all other international relationships and many domestic
conflicts within nations, as well.
The conflict was mystified by both sides: it took on the dimensions and intensity of a religious
crusade that permeates all aspects of social life.[1] Indeed, if societies are really formations of social
and environmental processes, all interacting and shaping one another, then the introduction of this
polar conflict into the fiber of existing social relationships could not help but impact virtually every
society (or social formation) and transform numerous cultural, economic, and political processes
within those societies. The mystified (metaphysical) nature of the conflict served both sides: those
who wanted to defend the status quo (the moral, political, and economic arrangements that
predominated) in the "Western" nations were able to promote anti–communist attitudes and actions
by depicting the other side as opponents of freedom, goodness, democracy, and light; while those

who supported the goals of the Comintern could rally greater support for overturning the status quo
by making use of the

The Use of Funds in Government Accounting
Chapter 2: The Use of Funds in Governmental Accounting
Multiple Choice
1. To what does basis of accounting refer? a. whether an entity is trying to measure the excess of
inflows over outflows b. how much cash an entity received in a particular reporting period c. the
timing of recognition of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenditures/expenses in financial
statements d. the ownership of the assets, liabilities, and equities reported in a balance sheet
Answer: c
2. Governmental accounting normally does not a. use separate funds to account for various activities
b. incorporate budgetary accounts into the accounting system c. measure the amount of profit earned
during a fiscal year d. focus ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
a. business–type activities of government that are financed by user charges b. sales taxes collected
by a state on behalf of counties within the state c. property taxes to be used to provide basic
government services d. donations that must be kept intact, but whose income must be used to
beautify parks
Answer: c
13. Which of the following terms best describes the types of assets accounted for in governmental–
type funds? a. any resource that can be used to provide service to the citizenry b. current financial
resources and capital resources c. current assets and movable fixed assets d. current financial
resources
Answer: d
14. Which of the following activities is the most likely to be accounted for in a General Fund? a.
payment of salaries of police and firefighters b. construction of a new school building c.
accumulation of resources to pay pension benefits to employees d. accumulation of resources
required by law to be used only to beautify parks
Answer: a

15. Which of the following types of liabilities is least likely to appear in the balance sheet of a
governmental–type fund? a. amounts owed to suppliers of goods and services b. amounts owed to
bondholders over the entire 20–year life of a debt c. amounts owed to other funds d. amounts owed
to employees for services performed before an

Case Analysis: The Los Angeles River
By using Kinney's definitions of "subterranean stream," the Court determined that the groundwater
was a part of the Los Angeles River but employed vague terms that could be interpreted in varying
ways that did not reflect the hydrological realities of the region (Sax 2003, 278). Again, if the water
below the valley was legally defined as groundwater, it would be subject to absolute ownership law
and Los Angeles would only be secure in the rights to the Los Angeles River (Sax 2003, 280). So,
the Court asserted that geographically speaking, the Los Angeles River's headwaters began in the
mountains surrounding the San Fernando Valley; that all water that percolated into the alluvium
traveled by gravity flow into the valley; and effectively all ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
This means that groundwater was being pumped without any state oversight or regulations (Hundley
2001, 529). By 1913, the California Conservation Commission issued a report that found that the
regulatory system in the state was inadequate in its ability to resolve the huge number of water
disputes that were occurring and would be unable to protect its water resources into the future
(Brown 2015, 54). In response, California passed legislation known as the Water Commission Act
(WCA) of 1913 (Brown 2015, 55). The legislation created the State Water Commission (now the
State Water Resources Control Board), which now had the power to regulate unappropriated waters
in California (Lassiter 2015, 61). Now, if people wished to gain access to water, they would have to
apply for a permit with the Commission (Lassiter 2015, 61); however, the WCA precluded any
permitting system for groundwater that was not directly connected to surface water (Brown 2015,
55). As a result, there was a stark separation between how groundwater was managed versus how
surface water was managed (Sax 2003, 289). Effectively, the state still did not have any meaningful
way to track the use of groundwater, and the courts remained the primary way to handle disputes
about ownership (Brown 2015,

Rain Water Case Study
Does permitting Colorado residents to harvest rain water by means of a rain barrel, affect the water
flows for senior water rights holders and downstream users? Review of a small sensitivity analysis
conducted by a private party in Douglas County indicates there is no significant impact if resident
do so. Colorado has an old law with regard to harvesting rain water. The law states, the State of
Colorado has claim to all the water and moisture which falls in the state, therefore, a resident is not
permitted to collect water. Some believe permitting Colorado residents to harvest rain water is a
violation of the doctrine of prior appropriations. The study labeled, "Holistic Approach to
Sustainable Water Management in northwest Douglas County" was designed to show what
percentage of return flows would make it back to the stream for downstream users if collected first.
The study was held in an undeveloped area of northwest Douglas County, ... Show more content on
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Even though water is a considered a renewable resource, it is not regenerating itself in the same
amounts all the time. Mathematically, represented as, Q_0>∆S,S_1<S_0 or in other words a
decrease in the stock and unsustainable rate of extraction. Combining this with the fact water is a
static resource; we want to maximize net benefit today rather than in the future. Colorado is one of
the very last states restricting the harvesting of rain water. The state of Washington has an incentive
program, a 10% fee reduction for any business willing to change their system to adapt to water
harvesting, instead of water through the county. A bill was introduced here in Colorado to allow for
water harvesting on a low scale (55 gallon barrel) last year, which failed. However, the similar bill
has been reintroduced again this year and residents are hopeful it will

Water Rights Simulation
Water right transfers are one of the basic means of implementing changes in water use in hugely
allocated water resource organizations in the western side of the United States of America. These
systems are overlooked by the Prior Appropriation Doctrine, which was not formally intended for
application to ground–water pumping and the conjunctive management of groundwater and surface
water, hence creating an administrative challenge.
The challenge results from the fact that ground–water pumping can affect all interconnected
surface– water bodies and the effects may be immeasurably small relative to surface water discharge
and greatly attenuated in time. Although we may possess the ability to calculate the effects of
ground–water pumping ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Over the last decades aquifers have increasingly been prone to pollution, which is remarkably
problematic as the volume of aquifers to recover is often very restricted. Also the rate at which
global groundwater stocks are depleted has more than doubled between 1960 and 2000 this
knowledge was documented by Kerstin Mechlem (as cited in Bierkens et al. , 2011). Over thirty
million people depend on private aquifer wells as their source of drinking water, spoken about by
Schmalzired and Keil (as cited in Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2006). A land
that clearly demonstrates how water rights can be abused is Texas. Texas is legendary for its long–
standing dedication to the common law rule of gaining control, allowing landowners to keep as
much groundwater as they can pump without liability to nearby landowners whose supplies are
drained.Texas has recently taken this property scheme a step further in Edwards Aquifer Authority v.
Day, in which the state Supreme Court concluded that the common law provides Texas landowner's
vested rights in groundwater while it is in place beneath their land, prior to capture. Despite the fact
that the conclusion has been greatly criticized for expected deleterious effects on groundwater
management, there is an argument that states that the state supreme court provided a path that is
more

IOOS: Integrated Ocean Observing System Essay
IOOS: Integrated Ocean Observing System Oceans cover over 70% of our planet, yet very little is
known about their biological content, physical systems, and how, both together and individually,
they affect our planet. Understanding the affect the ocean has on weather, climate changes, and the
ecosystems of the planet are of ever–increasing interest to the human population. Studies,
experiments, and more are currently being conducted by various means, sources, and organizations.
Due to the this vast amount of monitoring, a need has arisen to collect and combine this data into
one common database that more than a few individuals and organizations have access to. In order to
meet this need the Integrated Ocean Observing System, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Another aspect of understanding the ocean's function is tracking and following the patterns of El
Nino and La Nina. By carefully tracking these climate changes over the years, it may eventually be
possible to predict severe El Nino storms before they occur. One expert states that "the ocean's
response and indeed its active role in" the climate changes of current times remains "unclear owing
in significant part to the lack of long records to quantify in the ocean's stratification and
circulation."4 With this knowledge it may be possible to track how various human influences effect
the environment and the general ecosystem of the planet. In order to study these phenomena a buoy
was placed off the coat of Massachusetts, recording temperature data for over 3 years. A graphical
summary of this data can be seen in Figure 1. The data obtained in the experiment is now available
in graphical form, years after the experiment has been completed. Yet experiments similar to this
one are still ongoing and data is being collected, analyzed, and stored. Collecting this data is
complicated and time–consuming, each individual instrument or station may take hundreds of
measurements per day (or very few). Once this data is taken, the experiment completed, questions
arise about the data: what should be done with it, who may need it,

Analyzing Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
Introduction The Gulf of Mexico is a valuable nationwide treasure. Its natural deposits–– water, fish,
beaches, reefs, marshes, oil and gas–– are the financial engine of the area. USDC (2012) asserts that
the Gulf of Mexico is similarly essential to the whole country as an abundant source of meals,
energy and entertainment. The Gulf Coast's distinct culture and natural charm are world–renowned.
There is no location like it anywhere else on Earth (USDC, 2012). USDC (2012) reports that on
April 20, 2010 examinations of the world concentrated on an oil platform in the Gulf, around 50
miles off the Louisiana coastline. The mobile drilling unit Deepwater Horizon, which was being
made used to drill an experimental well for BP Exploration and Production, Inc. (BP), violently
blew up, ignited and at some point sank, tragically eliminating 11 employees. However that was just
the start of the catastrophe. Oil and various other compounds from the rig and the well started
streaming unabated around one mile below the area. Preliminary efforts to cap the wells were not
successful, and for 87 days oil ejected unmonitored and uncontrolled into the Gulf. Oil soon enough
covered a huge location of hundreds of square miles, and held by the tides and currents reached the
coastline, contaminating beaches, bays, estuaries and marshes from the Florida panhandle to west of
the Mississippi River delta. At the height of the spill, around 37 % of the open water in the Gulf was
closed to fishing.

Water Shortages and Desalinisation
The Problem: Water Shortages As the world continues to grow the need for fresh water continues to
rising. The current demand for water is ever increasing. In the many places in the world clean
drinking water is taken for granted. In other arid places in the world water is a scarce resource. Fresh
water sources around the world are being put under intense strains. Fossil water in aquifers are being
over pumped. In many cases aquifers may need thousands of years to replenish their reserves. The
Ogallala aquifers in the American Midwest is being over pumped at an unsustainable rate. Water
from this aquifer is used for irrigation of crops, that provide food for millions. Also, currently in the
Middle East wheat production is being slowed and stifled from the depletion of fossil water from
over pumped aquifers. Aquifers are not the only water resource under strain. Rivers are being over
pumped for irrigation in agriculture. Agriculture demand for fresh water is estimated to take up 70%
of all fresh water consumption. The best example for agriculture putting strain on a river is the Nile
Valley. The Nile River is the bread basket for approximately two hundred million people. Egypt,
Sudan and Ethiopia already us the majority of the fresh water that comes from the Nile. Over the
next coming century that demand will rise making the need for fresh water surpass the limits of the
Nile. This will inevitably lead to political strife between these counties. {Brown}

Law of Sale of Goods (Part I)
Topic 12 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Law of Sale of Goods (Part I) LEARNING OUTCOMES By the end of this
topic, you should be able to: Define the meaning of goods; Describe the classification of goods;
Differentiate a contract of sale and an agreement to sell; Explain the implied terms in a contract of
sale of goods; and Identify the importance of transfer of property in the goods. INTRODUCTION
The Sale of Goods Act 1957 (Revised 1989) is the statute applicable to sale of goods in Peninsular
Malaysia. For Sabah and Sarawak, the law of sale of goods is governed by Section 5(2) of the Civil
Law Act 1956. It provides that: „The law to be administered shall be the same as would be
administered in England in the like case at the corresponding period.‰ In ... Show more content on
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Alternately, an owner of certain goods may not have the goods in his possession. In an agreement to
sell, the goods still belong to the seller. Consequently, if the buyer breaches an agreement to sell, the
seller may sue for unliquidated damages. If the seller breaches an agreement to sell, the buyer has
only a personal remedy for damages against the seller. Whereas in a sale, if the buyer fails to pay,
the seller can sue for the contract price because ownership has passed to the buyer. 12.3 TERM OF
CONTRACT The conditions and warranties in contract of sale of goods are provided in Section 12
of the Sale of Goods Act 1957. A condition under Section 12(2) is: „A stipulation essential to the
main purpose of the contract, the breach of which gives rise to a right to treat the contract as
repudiated.‰ 200 TOPIC 12 LAW OF SALE OF GOODS (PART I) A warranty under Section
12(3) is: „A stipulation collateral to the main purpose of the contract, the breach of which give rise
to a claim for damages but not a right to reject the goods and treat the contract as repudiated.‰
According to Section 12(4): „Whether a stipulation in a contract of sale is a condition or a warranty
depends in each case on the construction of the contract. The stipulation may be a condition, though
called a warranty in the contract.‰ There are circumstances which permit the buyer to treat a breach
of condition as a breach of warranty, as provided in

California Water Rights
Water resources in the state of California have deteriorated drastically as a result of the current
drought event in the west coast of the United States. This has resulted in insufficient supplies of
water to residents of southern California, as well as the devastation of wildlife and aquatic
ecosystems that are characteristic of this area. This policy analysis will provide the context of the
issue, as well as possible solutions, followed by a proposed policy plan to reach the policy goal of
equitable and reliable water allocation in the state of California, drought resilience, as well as
restoration of the destroyed ecosystems.
Water rights policies have been an important topic throughout the history of California, as the
resource is perpetually ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
state in 1848. Water was still in short supply, and the US Bureau of Reclamation was established in
1902 in order to manage water resources in the area. During this period, water from the Sierra
Nevada Mountain Range was used extensively for residential, as well as commercial and industrial,
uses including gold mining. This was also the time during which the first water market arose – as a
system to sell water to gold miners. However, in 1886, these prior appropriation rights conflicted
with the Riparian water rights policies used throughout the rest of the United States. Throughout the
rest of the country, Riparian water rights were in effect. Riparian water rights allocates water to
those who own land along the path of the waterway. This conflict resulted in a combined policy of
both Riparian and Prior Appropriation rights within the state (USCD Center for Environmental
Economics). Southern California perhaps has seen the most conflict over water than the rest of the
United States. The area surrounding Los Angeles and San Diego has virtually no fresh water source
naturally and requires irrigation from the north. These two cities have continually conflicted over
water allocations from the Colorado

Week 5 Midterm Essay
GM520ONO Legal, Political and Ethical Dimensions. Week 5 Midterm. 1. TCO B. Infuriated when
Harry Reid is re–elected during the 2010 fall election, the Republican National Committee decides
to take matters into its own hands. In 2011, the House of Representatives passes a new "Freedom
isn't Free Act" that requires that anyone who wants to vote in the 2012 presidential election must
prove that they paid at least $200 in federal income tax in the past year, including people aged 18
(who typically are deducted on their parents' returns and do not pay income tax). Anyone who
received the "earned income credit" is barred from voting unless they return the payment from the
government. Proof of payment of the tax can be made by showing a copy ... Show more content on
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As he prepared to jump into the water to tube, David's feet slipped out from under him, and he fell
into the water, hitting the back of his head and neck on the ladder, knocking him out cold. He
slipped under the water and drowned. The other members of the party didn't notice his absence until
a passing barge pilot got their attention. He had seen the entire thing through his binoculars; he had
been watching Melissa and her friend Angela (who were in bathing suits). Despite an immediate
search and rescue attempt by the coast guard, David was not saved. Melissa alleged that the surface
of the boat floor where David was standing and preparing to jump into the water was unreasonably
slippery. In fact, at issue in the case was the manufacturing process used in coating the flooring.
Melissa (and her attorney) felt that a nonslip surface should have been placed on the floor of the
boat. The safety manual that came with the boat included these clauses: "CAUTION: Wet surfaces
can be slippery. Passengers should wear adequate deck shoes while boarding and underway to avoid
accidental slipping and injury." "CAUTION: Deck areas and swim platform are slippery when wet.
Passengers must be careful when passing through companionway to prevent accidental slipping or
tripping. Passengers should wear adequate deck shoes at all times to prevent accidental slipping.
Passengers

Water Trading Papers
Water trading is one of those invisible necessitates. Not many see it or even know that it has
occurred, as long as they have water when they turn on the tap; people by and large are oblivious as
to how it got there. Water trading happens primarily on the regional level, as it is not feasible to pipe
water across the country. It is necessary to trade, buy and sell water rights in areas all over the
country. In areas such as Las Vegas that have a population that vastly outweighs the natural water
supply, it is necessary to import water from areas of abundance to make up the difference. Water
trading at its core is like any other commodity trading. One party receives one thing in exchange for
another. This paper will examine how water trading occurs between states and ultimately how water
gets from where it is to where it is needed.
The availability of water is an issue that requires careful management and planning in order to
maximize access. Areas in the Western United States have rapidly growing populations without the
natural water sources to sustain them. The art of getting water from where it is or who has it to
where it is needed or who needs it is the practice of water trading. Deals made between states to
ensure access to water.
In western states, individuals do not own water as they might own land. The state owns the water,
which it holds in trust for its citizens. Some economists would argue that water trading could
promote more efficient water usage because a

Racism And The World And Me
"The Most" Known Unknown in the World
Racism has been and always will be a form of segregation concurrently and in the history of
humanity. From Ancient times to current, the status of segregation by any means of oppression privy
of power, wealth, and prestige has been as second nature as drinking water. While Coates has his
own perspective of reality and its structure, it's interesting that a so called genius had taken almost
30 years to finally see the true nature of "the beast" he frequented. That Beast known as Racist
America and all if its capitalist racial qualities. While some have their own experiences and
perspectives, "Between The World and Me", past historical events on racism in America; including
the Civil Rights Movement, correlative measures of other countries on racism and the slave trade,
and the many obstacles that are implemented to secure such advantages will continue to be the key
topics of discussion.
Interpretively speaking on "Between The World and Me", Ta–Nehisi Coates speaks upon the current
state of racial relations similarly to W.E.B. Dubois' Color–Line of the 21st Century. It is the indirect,
non–named, hiding in the shadows, racism that is so heavily intertwined and implemented in our
cultural and social structures. (Kelley, Robin) Simon and Garfunkel wrote a song eerily similar to
this theme, "The Sound of Silence", and although it pre–dates the release of Coates' book, it gives
great concern of the existing issues that have adapted and

Taking a Look at Government Shutdowns
A government shutdown can be a scary and traumatic event, but how worried should America really
be? What causes a shutdown to happen? Under the Constitution, Congress must pass laws to spend
money. If Congress cannot agree on a spending bill –or the president vetoes it– the government does
not have the legal authority to spend money. Therefore, the House and Senate must agree on a law to
pass one. If they cannot agree, they will briefly shutdown the government until they come to
resolution. Any shutdown would begin when the fiscal year ends (12 month period, starting October
1 and ending September 30) and it would end immediately after the president signs a spending bill.
Most government shutdowns last no more than three days. Some last less than a day but the longest
was 21 days, from December 16, 1995, through January 5, 1996. From 1976 to present, there have
been 17 shutdowns according to the Congressional Research Service. However, there are no
recorded shutdowns before 1976. In a government shutdown, only "non–essential" functions of the
federal government close down, while all "essential" functions of the government remain operating.
Generally, all government functions that ensure safety and protect property remain open and in
operation

Indigenous Rights
2. What are some recent events in the news that deal with indigenous rights? How do they relate to
the module?
I'm sure most people have followed the news on the Dakota Access Pipeline and the Keystone XL
Pipeline, this may even be the largest (recent) news event that is involved with indigenous rights.
However, there are several other recent news events that cover indigenous rights within the United
States in particular. Many of these news events revolve around land (monument statuses, and rightly
ownership), and cultural appropriation. These factors play into the larger scheme of structural
violence and general perceptions of Native American people.
First, I'd like to give a little background on the pipelines for those who may be ... Show more
Rather, as Garrett and Pichette would explain, legislative measures were clever and would go on to
force Native Americans to conform to the structures of White American (Garrett and Pichette).
So what does this second example have to do with modern events? The piece was written on
attempting to return land that was forcibly taken from the Native Americans, in this case the Lenape.
An activist for Native American rights would go on to buy a building in Manhattan with the hopes
of restoring it into a prayer house, which would be owned and operated by the Lenape Nation. This
decision was not without some controversy, as this person had made Mr. Van Dunk the recipient of
the gesture/gift (Kilgannon). Mr. Van Dunk was a prior chief of the Lenape Nation, who had been
criticized for how he handled tribe finances and business. Mr. Van Dunk has since been barred from
the nation by a tribal vote (Kilgannon). Thus, people feel he is an inappropriate recipient. This
particular article relates to the land ownership and rights of Native American tribes, that have often
been neglected.
Lastly, there's also been an article regarding the promises of the coal industry made to some tribes.
These tribes have been said to be relying on Trump's promises regarding the revitalization of the
coal industry. The coal industry for several tribes serves as a means of

Essay on Death Of Celilo Falls by Katrine Barber
The purpose of this essay is to examine and analyze Katrine Barber's book, "Death of Celilo Falls".
In this book, Barber successfully seeks to tell the story of a momentous event in the history of the
West, the building of the Dalles Dam in 1957. Celilo Falls was part of a nine–mile area of the Long
Narrows on the Columbia River. Despite the fact that the Celilo Village still survives to this day in
the state of Oregon (it is the state's oldest continuously inhabited town), the assembly of The Dalles
Dam in 1957 changed the way of life for the surrounding areas forever. Barber tells this story very
well, and as it is the first book–length account of the inundation of Celilo Falls, it is a very valuable
and insightful look at an influential ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She also explains the differences in thinking between the two communities. The Dalles wanted the
increased "modernity and economic security that a federal dam and professional river management
promised."(pg.14). The mid–size town was "on the verge of expansion and growth" (pg. 27) and
supported the projects that "would make the city the "gateway" between Portland and the cities of
the interior Northwest." (pg. 27). The Celilo Village and other surrounding Indians, however, saw
the building of the dam as an encroachment upon their resources. The building of the dam would
adversely affect the fishing industry which was vital to the native people's interests. She goes on to
describe the natives' belief that they had a right to decide how the resources were used as well,
describing on pages 20 through 25, the ancient, thriving community that the natives had prior to
white settlement. According to Barber, the relations between the two communities were not entirely
friendly, especially since "The Dalles and its non–Native residents displaced older Indian
communities, both economically and culturally." (pg. 27) The interactions between the two
communities were laced with racism and there was not much inter–mingling. Therefore, when the
proposal of the Dalles Dam came through, the people of The Dalles did not see the rights of the
Indians as important, especially since the dam

Ecological Imperialism In Sea Of Poppies By Amitav Ghosh
Amitav Ghosh in Sea of Poppies published in 2008 looks back at the colonial period to show the
social, cultural, economic and ecological devastation done by European intervention in South Asia.
Ghosh states that the impelling policies of colonial powers alter the landscapes of the annexed
bioregions and economically plunder the communities. The research paper focuses on Ghosh's
concern over the commodification of nature at the hands of British colonialists. Sea of Poppies is an
account of the imposed opium monoculture in Bihar and Calcutta for the Chinese market
responsible for the enormous wealth of Britain. As such it is made clear in the paper that colonizers
have always imported and introduced cash crops in the annexed terrains by exterminating ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It throws light on the status quo of agriculture in India and emphasizes the environmental injustice
caused to the land and to the people. Though unwilling, people are forced to adapt this new crop
culture as Britishers would go from home to home, forcing cash advances on the farmers and their
forged thumbprint. The farmers are unwilling but bound to such contracts because if they refuse, the
British soldiers would hide the silver in their houses to prove them culprits and make them convicts
to be transported beyond the seas as indentured servants. In addition, their refusal to oblige leads to
forfeiture of their properties. The novel provides a vivid picture of the exploited farming class. Deeti
maintains that earlier they lived in harmony with nature. She yearns for useful crops like wheat, dal
and vegetables. These gestures of Deeti show a happy and symbiotic environment of the earlier
times. She is aware of the curse posed by monoculture. According to her, during winters, fields used
to be covered with wheat and after the spring harvest; the straw would be used for different purposes
like fixing the hut roofs. She realizes that it has been seven years since roof of her hut was last
hatched. She does not have money to buy a handful of straw. The Britishers have left the natives
handicapped by raising the price of small accessories like straw. Being

Prior Appropriation
The dust settled as the last vehicle departed the newly established ghost town. What was once a
bustling rural community in eastern Colorado, complete with a school and church, and businesses
off the main street, has become deserted due to a lack of water. This has become an all too familiar
scene in rural communities across Colorado as the increasing demand for water and the dwindling
water supply pits water users against one another. The state's free market style of appropriating
water, known as prior appropriation, allows for this highly competitive, and often detrimental
situation to persist. As climate change and population growth continue to strain the water supply in
Colorado, it will be necessary to adjust the strict prior appropriation ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The environment, and recreational activities that are essential to the outdoors, have also been
negatively impacted by this system for allocating water rights. The issue of whether or not this
system is equitable towards environmental protection has been raised because environmental
organizations typically do not have the same funds as other entities, such as cities and towns, oil,
gas, and energy companies, and manufacturing. Furthermore, as Jones and Cech point out,
"environmental concerns continue to be underrepresented in Colorado water law and policy" (p.
712). This has created a situation similar to agriculture, where environmental concerns become
second thoughts to those of M&I, giving rise to environmental issues across the state. These
environmental issues can have an effect on residents throughout Colorado, from anglers who enjoy
healthy streams and rivers for fishing, to kayakers and rafters who need flowing rivers to recreate

The Senate Of The United States
The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the
Legislature thereof, for six Years; and each Senator shall have one Vote.
Immediately after they shall be assembled in Consequence of the first Election, they shall be divided
as equally as may be into three Classes. The Seats of the Senators of the first Class shall be vacated
at the Expiration of the second Year, of the second Class at the Expiration of the fourth Year, and of
the third Class at the Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one third may be chosen every second
Year; and if Vacancies happen by Resignation, or otherwise, during the Recess of the Legislature of
any State, the Executive thereof may make temporary Appointments until ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no Person shall
be convicted without the Concurrence of two thirds of the Members present.
Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and
disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor, Trust or Profit under the United States: but
the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and
Punishment, according to Law.
Section. 4.
The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be
prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by Law make
or alter such Regulations, except as to the Places of chusing Senators.
The Congress shall assemble at least once in every Year, and such Meeting shall be on the first
Monday in December, unless they shall by Law appoint a different Day.
Section. 5.
Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications of its own Members, and
a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do Business; but a smaller Number may adjourn
from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the Attendance of absent Members, in such
Manner, and under such Penalties as each House may provide.
Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, punish its Members for disorderly

Behaviour, and, with the Concurrence of two thirds, expel a Member.
Each House shall keep a Journal

Rain Barrels Bill Essay
Its planting season in Colorado, Sergio, a resident of Greeley, goes to Home Depot, and buys a wide
range of plants: Heirloom tomatoes, tulips, sunflowers and even some daisies for his garden. Like
most Coloradoans, he loves spending countless of hours outside, maintaining his garden. There is a
great devotion to horticulture and hard work, digging holes, having the right fertilizer, the
appropriate spacing between plants, and of course watering them. In order to keep these plants lush
and flourishing with a spectrum of color, water is a necessity. A great way to obtain water is to
harvest rainwater. The state of Colorado is known for its sustainable efforts for the environment. So
conserving rainwater from one's rooftop is common–sense. But if Sergio were to harvest rainwater
from his downspouts, he would be breaking the law. The debate is to whether to allow residents of
Colorado to collect rainwater in barrels for outdoor purposes. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The Residential Precipitation Collection Rain Barrels bill aims to make every drop of rain count.
This bill was introduced to the Senate Committee of Agriculture, Natural Resources, & Energy, on
March 4, 2015, and sponsored by Democrats Rep. Daneya Esgar, Rep. Jessie Danielson, and Sen.
Michael Merrifield (CO HB15–1259). The bill "would allow the collection of precipitation from a
residential rooftop if: A maximum of 2 rain barrels with a combined storage capacity of 110" (CO
HB15–1259). Additionally, it would lift current bans set by the Prior Appropriation law which was
enacted in 1872. The Prior Appropriation law, is refers to as the "priority doctrine," which is a
system mandated by Colorado's Constitution and it regulates the use of surface water in rivers or
tributary groundwater connected to the river basin (qtd. in Hobbs). Water right and well holders are
the only residents that can collect rainwater in Colorado because of the Appropriation

Nellie Bly Research Paper
Nellie Bly is the nickname of the American investigative newspaper reporter, Elizabeth Jane
Cochran. Elizabeth was renowned for her reportage of social justice issues and her willingness to
undertake "daredevil" undercover investigations; which famously included getting herself
committed to an insane asylum so she could report on the conditions there. Elizabeth is also
renowned for her travel around the world in seventy–two days.
Elizabeth Jane Cochran was born on May 5, 1864, in Cochran's Mills, Pennsylvania. Feminist and
journalist, Nellie Bly began her writing career on behalf of The Pittsburgh Dispatch in 1885.
Following that two years later on, Nellie moved to New York City in light of beginning work for the
New York World. In concurrence with one of her primary assignments for the New York World, she
admitted herself for 10 days at the Bellevue Hospital, pretentiousness as a mental patient for a
description. Five years later, in 1890, the New York World paper gave her a mission to accomplish
sailing around the world in 72 days. Elizabeth Jane Cochran, Nellie Bly, life came to an end on
January 27, 1922, at the age of 57, in New York City.
Famous pioneer, investigative, feminist journalist Nellie Bly was born Elizabeth Jane Cochran, later
added an "e" to the end of her name for sophistication. Nellie Bly was born in Cochran's Mills,
Pennsylvania, a town established by her father, Michael Cochran, who abundantly provided for the
family. His career consisted of working as

Mgmt 520 Midterm Exam Legal, Political, and Ethical...
MGMT 520 Midterm Exam Legal, Political, and Ethical Dimension Week 5 Keller 100% Correct
http://www.studentswithsolutions.com/view–tutorial.aspx?TutorialId=14865
1(TCO B) The "public comment" period closes on an OSHA proposed regulation, and your business
had filed a public comment against the proposed regulation explaining that the regulation would not
fix the problem that OSHA was trying to remedy, that the regulation would cost more than the
problem itself, and that the regulation was a tax, not a safety change. List two arguments available to
your...http://www.studentswithsolutions.com/view–tutorial.aspx?TutorialId=8380
2 (TCO F) In Midler v. Ford Motor Co., Bette Midler sued Ford for unauthorized appropriation.
Explain what ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Points : 40)http://www.studentswithsolutions.com/view–tutorial.aspx?TutorialId=8383
4 (TCO D) SpongeBob is a farmer who contracted with Progresso to provide 6 tons of clams worth
$3,000/ton to be delivered at Progresso each month. Progresso needs this particular amount of clams
each month for their soup in order to meet their production expectations for their customers. The
contract contained some very lopsided provisions that excused Progresso from purchasing the clams
in the event of many outlined reasons (25 pages of the contract listed out all of the reasons why
Progresso could refuse to accept the clams), but prevented SpongeBob from selling his clams
elsewhere without permission. After a gulf coast oil disaster, the price of clams went up to
$8,000/ton. SpongeBob delivered his clams to Progresso on time, but Progresso (who had lost a case
filed against Progresso by Campbell's for infringing on Campbell's clam chowder soup recipe)
refused to accept delivery. SpongeBob requested permission to sell the clams to Campbell's (who
had just doubled their own clam chowder sales), but Progresso refused to grant permission. The
terms of SpongeBob's contract with Progresso stated, "In no event will Progresso's refusal to accept
delivery of clams excuse SpongeBob... can SpongeBob sue and recover, and what will be his
damages? What defenses does Progresso have? Can Progresso include Campbell's in the lawsuit? Is
the animal rights group a potential

Resolving Conflicts Of Space Resource Commercial...
Resolving Conflicts in Space Resource Commercial Exploration and Utilization with The Outer
Space Treaty of 1967
Author: Erin L. Williamson
Abstract
As technology progresses, so too does humanity's reach. November of 2015 saw a new Act signed
into law that promotes commercial activity in space. The activities of acquisition and use of asteroid
and space resources must be in compliance with the Outer Space Treaty. This paper reviews the new
Act and identifies three areas where the Act may be in conflict with the Treaty: threatening scientific
investigation in outer space, appropriating space resources, and introducing potential harmful
biological contamination. Here, the reasons for their conflict are described and possible resolution
are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
citizens (U.S. Commercial Space Launch Competitiveness Act, 2015).
The Act is a boon to Planetary Resources, which is one of only two companies known to be actively
developing technologies to mine near–Earth asteroids for their water, hydrocarbons, and precious
metals. Planetary Resources (n.d) states on its website that it intends to deliver these resources back
to Earth. However, Deep Space Industries, Inc., (2016) the other asteroid mining company,
alternatively proposes to keep the resources in situ to spur human expansion into the solar system.
The mining technologies and resources left in situ will likely encourage other space companies like
SpaceX to strengthen their pursuit of exploration or colonization missions to Mars.
While these companies, buoyed now by additional support from the U.S. federal government,
enthusiastically pursue a space–age "gold rush", little concern appears to be given to their
significance in regard to the 1967 Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the
Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies. This treaty is
colloquially referred to as the Outer Space Treaty. There are multiple points of potential conflict
with this important document, which has been signed by 104 countries, in the practices of the
nascent commercial space industry of the United States. These conflicts include: threatening
scientific investigation in outer space,

Arizona 's Looming Water Crisis
Scott Fiester
DR. M.P.L. Whitaker
HWRS 203
22 OCT 2015
Arizona's Looming Water Crisis Arizonans see California's drought and water restrictions plastered
all over the television and newspapers. Many Arizonans remain concerned about the well–being of
Californians, while some may mistakenly think that it is not Arizona's problem. I was one of those
people, and while investigated the idea, discover how Arizona is in a bad situation because of it.
What I, along with others, did not understand is the years of planning, legislation, and engineering
that took place to get water to Arizona and the rest of the Southwest. The Southwest is an arid
environment that relies on one river, the Colorado River, to deliver water to seven different ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to the CAP website, the CAP was developed when the seven states who rely on the
Colorado River came together, and divided the water availability amongst themselves. This is
known more formally as the Colorado River Compact of 1922. After many years of legislation and
construction, the CAP started delivering water to Arizonans by 1993. The CAP brings water from
Lake Havasu and goes through a series of canals extending 313 miles long, and is responsible for
bringing water to 80 percent of Arizona's population. However, because of prior appropriation laws,
the CAP does not guarantee that Arizona will receive its annual 2.8 million acre feet. Administrators
at the CAP Strategic Initiatives and Public Policy Office predict that the 2.8 million acre feet of
water delivered to Arizona, will soon decline. The CAP issue brief states, "...there is a significant
probability of an official declaration of shortage in the Colorado River water supply starting as early
as 2016 or shortly after" (CAP, 2014). An official declaration of a shortage would be determined by
the Secretary of the Interior, and the decision is based on the elevation of the water in Lake Meade.
The person in this position checks the status of the Colorado River annually. The Secretary of
Interior can either call a

What Is Riparian Water Rights
In the United States, there are two primary water right laws; the first is riparian water rights and the
second is prior appropriation water rights. Riparian water rights has two methods of use. One
method is the person who owns the land by the water source owns the water, but cannot interfere
with the natural flow of the water. The other is based upon reasonable use. A person can use the
water if it is reasonable for the purpose of his needs. This is based on case by case usage. Prior
appropriation water rights gives the right of the water to whoever claimed the land by it first. The
person with seniority has right to use as much water as wanted. The best policy is the riparian water
rights. Both systems fair for each person who owns the

Task 1 : Safe Working Practices
Unit 2.4– Legislation in the Laboratory
Task 1: Safe Working Practices
Storage and Transport
Purchase just the minimum quantity of the compound you require, even if a chemical seems cheap.
Store chemicals in very much named and accurately named holders with the fitting risk cautioning
apparently distinguished.
Store chemicals as advised by the supplier. If all else fails, store in a cool, dim spot. Try not to store
chemicals in brilliant daylight or above eye–level wherever possible.
"Winchesters" (2.5–litre bottles of chemicals) ought to dependably be transported utilising a
container bearer or high sided trolly. This medium is crucial for solid acids and soluble bases.
All containers of chemicals ought to be sealed when carrying in passages.
Store dangerous, unpredictable chemicals in a flame resistant bureau or if non–combustible, or if in
little sums, in a fume cupboard.
Combustible solvents with flash points underneath 32° (e.g., CH3)2C, butanols, ethanol, diethyl
ether, petroleum ether, propanols) must not be put away in bottles of more than 500 ml unless in a
flame resistant cabinet.
At intervals check your chemical stocks. Pay particular mind to undesirable chemicals, holders with
rotting or peeling names, indications of weakening, and so forth. Discard unwanted chemicals
appropriately.
General lab rules
Dress properly and appropriately in the lab. Take all precautions to lessen the measure of any
substance that you are presented

The Government And State Government
In understanding the way governments works on a local level, we must first understand that national
government and state government are not the same. The United States uses a system called
Federalism which is a decentralization of the responsibilities of the government. In other words,
power is divided amongst the national and subnational governments all while maintaining a separate
and autonomous authority (Dye Macmanus 56). The purpose for this system is to make sure the
national government doesn't turn into a tyrannical power over the people. This ideology of
separation of powers goes even deeper within the national government and state governments'
infrastructure. For example, the national government is divided into 3 main branches, ... Show more
Each state is governed by these two chambers in their respective state. Due to the autonomy of each
state in the union, services provided and positions on critical issues may vary across states.
Moreover, there is the cultural aspect within each state that plays an influential role in how each
state is governed.
The state of Florida follows the same infrastructure as the national government as far as legislature.
Florida has its own constitution and its legislature is comprised of the two chambers mentioned
earlier, which are the senate and the House of Representatives. Not all states have both chambers
and what's called a bicameral legislature. Nebraska has only one chamber, and thus considered to
have a unicameral legislature. Florida Senate chamber has 40 senators with Joe Negron as president
of the senate. These senators must live in the district of which they serve in. The house of
representatives has 120 Representatives with Richard Corcoran as the Speaker of the house. Both
chambers are made up of democratic and republican members.
States such as Florida also has elections which are held for political positions not only in legislature,
but also positions such as Governor. In Florida, the governor is Rick Scott and he is the 45th
governor of Florida. The qualifications to be elected as Florida Governor is you must be no younger
than 30 years of age and have lived in Florida for the preceding seven

America 's Postindustrial Western Culture
America's postindustrial western culture has afforded many citizens with a quality of life that that
can sometimes blind them from the realities of the social, political, and environmental injustices that
the majority of the world is suffering from. Sheltered from these exploited countries, we are
generally left to rely on the often bias and sensationalized media to inform our nation. Only when
destruction lies before us are we humbled and inspired to implement change. Events that open
unknowing eyes to vulnerability are the ones that shift the public interest. This catalyst can include
anything from a terrorist attack to a natural disaster, or in this case, a drought. The California
drought is a perfect testament to this. Back in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Though most are blaming the drought for these frustrating new norms, the farmers are not buying it.
Not with controversial legalities such as the Endangered Species Act blatantly standing in between
them and available water. Environmental regulations and the United States laws are receiving
backlash for their representation of the resources exploited by human production. Though farmers
and consumers will be forced to continue to adapt, regulations protecting highly underrepresented
species and habitats should not be overlooked in order for Americans to continue to live blind to the
fact that resources are limited. We can only resist adapting to accommodate species other than
ourselves for so long before reality humbles us to the point of our own devastation.
The California Delta Smelt are a species of fish that exclusively inhabit the San Francisco Bay area.
Known for this and smelling like cucumbers, these little guys are not much of a force to be reckoned
with. That is, until 2007, when the species was finally listed and afforded maximum protection
under the Endangered Species Act. The Endangered Species Act was created, as the second section
declares, to "conserve" both "the ecosystems upon which endangered species and threatened species
depend" and the species themselves, because rare species retain "esthetic, ecological, educational,
historical, recreational, and scientific value" (Freyfogle 233). This idea of protecting a species from
extinction

Department Of Homeland Security (DHS)
The national security of the United States takes on many ideas. It is not only protecting out boarders,
but also deterring and defeating an enemy before they come to the United States. Today the U.S.
biggest threat is defending terrorism; either by a foreign group or from within our boarders.
"The struggle against international terrorism is different from any other war in our history. We will
not triumph solely or even primarily through military might." (National Strategy for Combating
Terrorism, 2003) And so to combat this in the post 9/11 time, the Department of Homeland Security
(DHS) was born. And as we have seen in the past event, DHS is needed more today than ever. But
DHS was born out of not only necessity but also function.
Prior to 9/11 attacks on the U.S., inter–agency communication was not very good. There were many
territorial issues on who was in charge and how information would be passed. There are several
agencies that have overlapping missions to help protect. Homeland. Intelligence sharing was
identified as a main issue for the failures of the attacks of 9/11as cited by Eric Velez–Villar Assistant
Director, Directorate of Intelligence Federal Bureau of Investigation. "The constantly evolving
national security threat requires an adaptable information ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
(DoD 5110.4M, 2004) Basically the DoD controls all the U.S. Military to protect the national
interest of the citizens. These interests are spelled out by the President through the Secretary of
Defense to the Chairmen of the Joint chiefs. The DoD is used in defense of the nation and is the lead
when the mission changes from homeland security to defense. The DoD is under the command and
control of the

Personal Narrative: Michael Amidei
I first met Michael Amidei in early 2014, following a mediocre hip–hop set I had performed at a
party organized by myself and other co–workers. I encountered sitting on the far right side of a
small wooden bar top, accompanied by a nameless female companion. He looked to be about 6 feet
tall, around 185 pounds, wearing a black fedora on top of a shaved head. Everything about him was
perfectly pedestrian. He was simply another member of a captive audience, who offered
encouraging words to console the visceral despondence on my countenance. I didn't even know he
was a co–worker of mine until I saw him locking the silver double doors of the Denver Aquarium
one night weeks later. I don't even remember what he said to me that night. There would be nothing
about Michael I would find plainly prosaic ever again. In fact, I quickly grew to admire how
uniquely accomplished he is, long before I initiated a Skype call with him a week ago. As I waited
for him to answer, the sight of myself framed in a small window above the area that Michael would
soon inhabit on my laptop screen prompted a particular pensiveness. Whereas I would have gained
little besides a broken laptop by trying to walk through my electronic effigy, I believe that Michael
is the only thing standing in his own way of achieving an elite eminence. "I'm ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Ignore the fact that he is arguably callous when he groups a failed marriage in with the dozens of
other career choices he has made. Or don't. You certainly won't hurt his feelings. He is
unequivocally unapologetic surrounding his decision making and his disdain for a world that doesn't
seem nearly as intent on leaving a legacy as he is. There. He did furrow his brow, granted, in
agreement with my insight regarding his intolerance of the

MUSI 1002 Notes
The Culture Industry Made up of economic institutions Adorno's theories fundamental Commodity
Fetishism The culture industry is successful because people fetishize cultural objects Creates false
needs, alternative ways of thinking without people realizing People focus on consuming. To own it.
We need to have it. Ex. Purchasing a concert ticket Standardization Popular music standardized: 1.
Number of types immediately recognizable 2. Small number of structures 3. Small number of
components to each song that's interchangeable (ex.Intro,verse,chorus etc) Pseudo–individualization
The type of variation between standardized products Surface changes (rhythm), not basic structure
(chord progressions, verse, chorus) If pop ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Syncopated rhythms Ex. Goldie "Angel" Electronica Not specifically made for dancing Desgned for
wide range of uses Ex. Moby "Natural Blues" "Historica Electronica Preface" Simon Reynolds 2001
Lays out parameters that define a "field of possibility" within electronic dance music Texture
matters more than actual rhythm Process of Sampling Mashups: Relies on irony and nostalgia, lots
of people wil be familiar with the songs Convey cultural critique, launch discussions on social issues
Correspondences, connotations and critical readings. Turned consumptions into production.
Referring to the creative process DJ Danger Mouse, brought genre into public discourse Sampling,
Meanings, and Interpretation Brackett, "Sample Mania" Can't Touch This, resembles Super Freak.
Same backing track. Hip hop is now commercial, started by 1990s. He suggested that popularity is
due to the sampling of well known songs. In 1997, hit songs based on samplings with pervasive
What impact does the song have? What is popular music text? Anything that conveys a cultural
meaning Popular music text: recordings, music videos, live performances The music components in
lyrics is important but also album covers Intertextuality: The idea that text communicates its
meaning in relation to other texts. Meanings represented in popular text Preferred reading: dominant
message set within codes and conventions in creation of the text Meaning may not

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