Jazz Improvisation

Jazz Improvisation
On Saturday, July 8, 2017, at 11:00 a.m. the contemporary jazz trio, Charged Particles, performed at
the Cambrian Branch Library, San Jose. Although the trio's entire focus is on jazz, they incorporated
other genres such as salsa, samba, blues, and swing. The program included a rendition of Twinkle
Twinkle Little Star, Un Nuevo Dia, Mobius Trip, and Gallope. There was no conductor; however,
Jon Krosnick, the drummer, explained how each of the individuals do their own improvisation,
which is the basis of jazz and blues. According to Titon, "Sometimes [musicians] think out a song in
advance; sometimes they improvise it during performance. Often a performance embodies both
planning and improvisation"(Titon). In improvising, one cannot predict ... Show more content on
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Surprisingly, the children were quite attentive as they watched the concert. A few parents, unlike
their children, did not pay attention. Rather, they used their phones, but it did not serve as a
distraction for myself. Furthermore, the concert followed their introduction with a jazz variation of
Twinkle Twinkle Little Star. Jazz and blues derived from North America. Murray Low, the pianist,
began with a solo. He encouraged the audience to sing together, or a call–and–response. It was a
reminder of the call–and–response form of the work songs in North America, except that the piece
that the trio performed was not exactly a work song. The work songs were primarily used to
coordinate production and to pass time (Titon). One example of the call–and–response is the
YouTube video, "Rosie." The leader starts with a line and the rest respond next. The bassist,
Germaine, and the drummer, Krosnick followed. It was a least favorite due to the context of the
blues; it expressed a heartbreak and sadness, which does not mix well with the piece (Titon). The
second piece was Un Nuevo Dia, a samba piece which originated in Brazil (Titon). Samba is
performed during celebrations such as carnival in Brazil (Titon). It was my favorite since Samba
Batucada was blended. During the samba piece, the children sitting nearby came out of their seats
and began dancing. They urged their parents to dance with them. The third piece was Mobius Trip, a
blues piece. The blues originated from North America, and the piece incorporated blues elements
such as improvisation and the "blues music (and jazz and reggae) shifts into and out of polymeter,
playfully teasing the boundary" (Titon). The fourth piece was Gallope, which is an Afro–Cuban
piece. It uses a clave–based rhythm and improvisation (Titon). Throughout the concert I have
noticed that each musician held eye–contact and a
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Essay on Jazz
Early Jazz
The earliest easily available jazz recordings are from the 1920's and early 1930's. Trumpet player
and vocalist Louis Armstrong ("Pops", "Satchmo") was by far the most
important figure of this period. He played with groups called the Hot Five and the Hot Seven; any
recordings you can find of these groups are recommended. The style of these groups, and many
others of the period, is often referred to as New Orleans jazz or Dixieland. It is characterized by
collective improvisation, in which all performers simultaneously play improvised melodic lines
within the harmonic structure of the tune. Louis, as a singer, is credited with the invention of scat, in
which the vocalist makes up nonsense syllables to sing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There were also some important small group swing recordings during the 1930's and 1940's. These
differed from earlier small groups in that these featured very little collective improvisation. This
music emphasized the individual soloist. Goodman, Ellington, and Basie recorded often in these
small group settings. Major saxophonists of the era include Johnny Hodges, Paul Gonsalves, Lester
Young, Coleman Hawkins, and Ben Webster. Trumpet players include Roy Eldridge, Harry
"Sweets" Edison, Cootie Williams, and Charlie Shavers. Pianists include Ellington,
Basie, Teddy Wilson, Erroll Garner, and Oscar Peterson; guitarists include Charlie Christian, Herb
Ellis, Barney Kessell, and Django Reinhardt; vibraphonists include Lionel Hampton; bassists
include Jimmy Blanton, Walter Page, and Slam Stewart; drummers include Jo Jones and Sam
Woodyard. Billie Holiday, Dinah Washington, and Ella Fitzgerald were important singers in this era.
Most of these musicians recorded in small groups as well as with big bands. The styles of these
musicians can best be summarized by saying they concentrated primarily on playing melodically, on
the swing feel, and on the development of an individual sound. The blues was, as in many other
styles, an important element of this music.
Bebop
The birth of bebop in the 1940's is often considered to mark the beginning of modern jazz. This style
grew directly out of the small swing

Jazz Instrument
There were four instrument used but only 3 people playing them in this event. One person was
playing the drums, one was playing the bass, and one was playing both the keyboard and some tech
machine. They also had someone running a computer that was projecting a video on a screen that
went with the music. There were technically 8 songs but they never ended. It was just nonstop music
for about 30–45 minutes. It was kind of hard to tell when a song was somewhat ending and a new
one was starting. Some beats and melodies were repeating which was helpful to tell that they were
still playing the same song.
The interesting thing about this event was that all the songs were basically one giant sound. In the
program, there were eight songs listed, but ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The had the lines or the music where the drums were in the back and the other instruments were
more towards the front. With that, you could tell that this was suppose to be a jazz show. Now there
were not any brass instruments, but this was also a jazz fusion show so it was not going to be 100%
original jazz.
The composers were Brad Townsend, Nick Zielinski, and Mark Siegenthaler. They all worked
together on the songs and it was a joint work. I am not completely sure if there was an implied
meaning or not. The whole thing was kind of confused and hard to follow. They had pictures and
videos playing on a screen but after the first few minutes, none of it was making sense. In the
program, it explains what the story was suppose to be. After reading it, I somewhat understand but, I
still do not understand all the pictures and videos being used.
I do not know if I would say that the works were effective. To me, the story line of the video was
very confusing, and I have a feeling that a majority of the audience felt the same way. The tempo
was actually pretty fast at times, but a little bit slower and calmer at others. There was obviously
harmony since there was three instrument which created a

Jazz And Jazz Culture
What is culture? What is African culture? What is Jazz music and where did it come from? How can
one culture, in a sense, impact the musical landscape of the whole Western world and eventually
assimilate into 'pop' culture? If we want to truly understand jazz and it's concepts, we have to
navigate through history and explore it's roots. Simply put, jazz is African
American music, and the genre, as we know, formed in New Orleans. However, the origins of jazz
started well before then, in Africa. The powerful impact that African culture has throughout the
world is a topic that doesn't get acknowledged as much as it should. It would not be an off the wall
assumption to claim that all Americans have heard some type of music that has been ... Show more
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Music falls right into the arts and entertainment categories and Africa's music, is and has always
been one of the most treasurable modalities the continent has to offer (Bennett).
In the beginning, Africans possessed their own cultural identities such as musicians, farmers, and
medicine men. With this, they also had the ability to sing, dance, and fabricate musical instruments
that were indigenous to their native land. In a culture where percussion was dominant, it was used to
create complex rhythms and as the basic pattern of self expression.
African music is deeply rooted in the typically polyrhythmic music of the ethnic groups of
Africa, specifically those in the Western, Sahelean, and Sub–Saharan regions. The African lineage of
African American music is evident in some common elements: call and response, syncopation,
percussion, improvisation, blue notes, the use of falsetto, and complex multi–part harmony. All of
these characteristics, in some ways, can be found integrated into what we now know as jazz and the
blues. Reflecting both the hardships and triumphs black Americans have experienced, their music
also reflects national identity, impacting the lives of all Americans
(Stone).
Over time, many practices and traditions of African music were either forgotten or blended with
other musical traditions. Nevertheless, African music continued to flow into the
New World as a result of the

Jazz And Jazz In Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man
Another major characteristic of Jazz music is the feel or groove expressed by the artists playing, also
known as swing. Although swing is hard to define, similarly to the literature equal that is poetry,
Duke Ellington states, "It don't mean a thing if it ain't got that swing." (ABC XXX). In another
words without swing, jazz is not jazz. Christopher Meeder states, "Many consider this sense of
swing to be indescribable...In jazz this sense of swing is accomplished by allowing performers to toy
with a steady beat, sometimes rushing ahead and sometimes lagging behind." (Meeder 14). Swing
gives Jazz the ability to move in and out of sync, or time in some cases. Ralph Ellison's "Invisible
Man" uses Jazz's concept of swing in the narrative. In the prologue, he states, "Invisibility, let me
explain, gives one a slightly different sense of time, you're never quite on the beat. Sometimes
you're ahead and sometimes behind" (Ellison 8). Ellison's description of invisibility has a striking
resemblance to Meeder's definition of swing. Invisible Man also displays Meeder's concept of the
steady beat in which the narrator defines as, "the swift and imperceptible flowing of time" (Ellison
8). For "Invisible Man", jazz involves rejecting the steady beat and becoming aware of time. By
becoming aware of time, one can "slip into the breaks and look around" (Ellison 8). Ellison's
narrative does not allow for a smooth flow to the story thus making it take on characteristics of jazz
such as swing.

A Career As A Jazz Band
Each and every year students want to get involved into musical activities, but can't find that right
class to fit their expectations. Jazz Ensemble is perfect for you. "Jazz Band is super fun and it's not
uptight; Jazz Ensemble is an exclusive group so every member is important and makes you a
valuable member of the team" said Reannon Stark (18'). Becoming a new member of the team takes
a lot of just being you. Being in Jazz Band does take a lot of dedication, preparation and motivation.
"Jazz Band is one hour every red day but there is a lot of it that goes outside school. We have a lot of
performances but don't have rehearsals after class, said Tyler Osterman (18') once getting on stage
you have to get over the nervousness and just know

Indo-Jazz
Indo–Jazz Analysis
Over the course of this semester we have journeyed from African tribal influences to the height of
jazz during the Swing era, bebop to the abstractions of free jazz, the beloved John Coltrane to
influencing R&B and Hip–Hop. We have analyzed music over the ages, determining what makes it
jazz, what makes it good. Our minds have been opened to all styles of jazz and we have been
exposed to the jazz standards as well as contemporary and modern pieces, including these mystery
songs. Here you will be guided through my interpretation and analysis of one of these songs.
I chose to analyze mystery song 2. I chose this song because of the prominence of a saxophone and
because of the way it makes me feel, discussed later. (1) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(5) The use of the tabla drum immediately points Hindustani music which is most notably played
with the tabla, sitar and tanpura, the ever present drone instrument. The elements of jazz are greatly
characterized by the use of the alto saxophone and the electric guitar. Mystery song 2 contains no
droning elements and does not bend the pitch of any note which is an iconic element of Hindustani
music but rather the saxophone attempts to emulate the sound of the sitar in its melodic runs of the
theme. The saxophone uses turns, quickly alternating between notes above and below the note, often
heard in jazz. This sound, when done as quickly as it is in this song, reminds one of the influences of
the

Jazz Music : The Jazz Age
In the 1920s, jazz music started to gain popularity in America. Taking place during the Harlem
Renaissance, jazz music helped define this time and the 1920s as the "jazz age". The new upbeat and
exuberant style of music attracted many young people looking for change. Jazz broke the customary
rules of classical music and allowed musicians to improvise. Famous artists like Duke Ellington,
Billie Holiday, and Louis Armstrong took the country by storm with their talent. Soon speakeasies
around cities began hosting jazz artists and everyone flocked to these venues for a night of
entertainment (Luca). Americans in nearly every part of the country could listen to jazz either on the
radio or at clubs (O'Neal). Jazz music developed into an enjoyable and trendy art form. Even though
jazz was well liked, some people in America did not care for it. Racism influenced people to
disapprove of jazz because of the "new" distasteful sound it produced, the dangerous life style
associated with it, and the African ancestries in which it originated.
From the beginning, jazz developed as a musical rebellion against the control of the white man.
Civil rights activist, Nat Hentoff believed jazz "spoke against racism and anti–Semitism and
assembled a history of free speech in America for young listeners" (Nat(han) (Irving) Hentoff). As
jazz music developed and progressed as a new art form it began to expand, starting northwards
toward Chicago and New York. The continuously changing musical style

Jazz and the White Critic
Jazz and The White Critic
The article "Jazz and White Critic" by Amiri Baraka brings light to an element of jazz criticism that
he is frustrated by. Baraka finds controversy in the ideas white critics write about regarding jazz
music. Baraka states, "Most jazz critics have been white Americans, but most important jazz
musicians have not been." In the 1960's, when Baraka made this statement, jazz was becoming more
popularized and socially accepted. African American jazz musicians took a long, strenuous journey
over decades to push their music into the spotlight to become one of the most popular music styles
in society internationally. The special element of jazz is its raw emotion. Baraka distinguishes
between "White Jazz", music ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
On the opposite end of the spectrum within modern jazz critiques falls Everett R. Davis's(an African
American) review of Eddie Allen: Push. This critique uses metaphors as well as adjectives and verbs
to best describe the journey Allen's music whisks the listener away on. Davis describes fewer
technicalities and provides more feeling in his critique. By describing the physical and emotional
terms of jazz a reader is as close to the experience of the music as they can get without experiencing
it first hand. Davis describes sounds in a trade off solo section; the scream of Allen's trumpet
shouting at the keyboard, the "lightly taunting" elements, and a bass solo that feels like a workout
where all instruments "break loose." Davis uses sensory images; "Sacred Ground" follows,
beginning with flowing rhythms and a light swing tempo followed with smoothly galloping solos
which complement each other. "Caress," "Who Can I Turn To" and "With Open Arms" are smoother,
easily evoking images of easily slipping away and relaxing under a favorite tree on a quiet
afternoon."
It is critiques like this one that are valuable to the jazz community. It is important to evoke emotions
through words when talking about jazz. Amiri Baraka's article "Jazz and the White Critic"
introduced his readers

Jazz paper
Born in New York City, Artie Shaw would become one of the top bandleaders in the swing era. He
began his musical career as a highly sought–after alto saxophone player in the New York area, and
was able to benefit from the growth of radio and studio recordings. As he perfected his technical
ability with various dance bands, he was still relatively unknown in the early 30's when he began to
focus exclusively on the Clarinet while Swing music began to grow in popularity.
While we may carefully analyze the two pieces to satisfy our curiosity regarding musical evolution
in Jazz, we should also not lose sight of the fact that these are two very enjoyable styles of music.
From the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Later that year, Jobim was invited along with other Brazilian artists to perform in the US as Bossa
Nova grew into a very popular musical fad. Several other Jazz groups adjusted their styles, releasing
many Bossa Nova songs until the trend fell from popularity in the late 1960's. Jobim continued to
perform with small groups around the world to appreciative audiences until shortly before his death,
securing his reputation as one of the great songwriters of Jazz music in the 20th century.
"Begin the Beguine" was recorded in July 1938 by a swing orchestra led by Artie Shaw on the
clarinet as the lead soloist. His big band was composed of 3 trumpet players, 3 trombones, 2 alto
saxophones, 2 tenor sax players, and a rhythm section including piano, guitar, bass, and drums. As
the song begins with the clarinet solo and muted trumpets, the swing feel becomes clear to the
listener. The rhythm section keeps a steady beat of 4 beats per measure throughout, and the solos are
carefully defined and organized with the drums or the trumpets occasionally helping to bridge gaps
between various sections of the song until the Clarinet finally leads the band to a conclusion.
"Desafinado" was recorded in February 1962 by a small jazz group of six skilled musicians. The
"front men" for this recording was Stan Getz on Tenor Sax and Charlie Byrd on the guitar. A rhythm
guitar, bass, drums, and percussionist formed the rhythm section for this famous Bossa Nova tune.
As the

Jazz : The Emergence Of Jazz
Jazz: the Emergence Jazz is a form of music that originated in the United States during the early
1900s. It was a form of music that influenced generations, started the music careers of many great
musicians, and its ties are in the melting pot of New Orleans. Jazz has a variety of styles to listen to
and also has many diverse musicians to experience these diverse sounds from. Jazz is a great form
of music. Its different styles and musicians give it diversity, while strengthening ties to the African
American community. It grew out several different forms of music in the melting pot of the United
States known as New Orleans, in the 1800s, where African American, European, Americans, French,
Spanish, English and Native Americans mingled and mixed (American Jazz). The culture of the city
absorbed elements from each of these groups, and is immediately obvious is music. The musicians
of the city shared their musical styles and played together (Matthews, Andrew). The music styles
they shared formed one of the earliest styles of jazz.
The roots of it are in the cities where Jazz was a big influence on the cities: New Orleans, Chicago,
New York, Kansas City, Los Angeles, and Detroit. At various times in history they have been
incubators for jazz. Jazz was not created overnight (Jazz Makers pg. 9). The elements that grew
together to form the new style of music were present in more than one region of the United States
for several years before they coalesced into a recognizable new

The Origins Of Jazz Music
The artists that took a part of a fascination for syncopation and for improvisation were possibly
brass group (cornet or trumpet for the melody, clarinet for counterpoint, trombone or tuba or
percussion for tempo), that rather frequently were marching bands, or single pianists, who quite
commonly were jazz pianists. Contrary to blues music, that was particularly done by afro–
americans, jazz music was as inter–racial as the fusion of New Orleans. Blacks were not the just one
that performed jazz. Jazz bands were established by Italians, Creoles and entire type of European
settlers. The "African" origins of the music might or might not have been evident to the
professionals, but precisely it did not prevent them from using it. Meanwhile, New York

Jazz historiography
The rapid development of jazz in both the United States and Europe generated a number of diverse
musical expressions, including musics that most listeners today would not recognize as "jazz"
music. In order to remedy this situation, jazz musicians and critics after 1930 began to codify what
"real" jazz encompassed, and more importantly, what "real" jazz did not encompass. This
construction of authenticity, often demarcated along racial lines, served to relegate several artists
and styles (those outside a "mainstream" to the margins of historiography.
The issue of race is central to all discourses of jazz. Alongside race goes the problem of
representation, or, who gets to play what for whom and under what circumstance. Problems of ...
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It creates a false binary in which the only races involved in the creation or playing of jazz are black
and white, thus implicitly writing European, Roma, Latin American, or other ethnic groups out of
the narrative, a mistake this thesis will seek to correct by including guitarists from outside the
black/white binary as valid contributors to discourse. Ideas intimately tied to issues of race and
social impact is the issue of authenticity.
What constitutes real (authentic) jazz and who are jazz's authentic players? For that matter, what are
authentic jazz instruments? Authenticity is usually defined by race, ethnicity, and/or musical
pedigree, though there seems to be a hierarchy at work in those definitions. of authenticity, however,
are not real or absolute; they are imaginary constructs made to suit the ideological needs of fans,
writers, musicians, and critics.
Black musicians are usually considered to be more authentic than white musicians; however, white
American musicians are more authentic than their European counterparts.
While jazz might be an African–American music, it is still often viewed as being uniquely
American. Europeans, in turn, are more authentic than other ethnic sub–groups, like
Roma, or other nationalities. These notions of authenticity were some of the most influential factors
in the shaping of jazz discourse. Pedigree, whether real or assumed,

The Music Of Jazz And Jazz Essay
Jazz had started, when musicians came to New Orleans to play, most of the people that came to play
were former slaves of African descent. The African American people had traced their ancestry back
to West Africa, and with this knowledge they began to make a new kind of genre of music called
jazz, based on ancient African tribal music, that people in Africa had been played for years. Some
things that the tribal music and jazz have in common is a strong drum beat, voices imitating
instruments, and the use of short repeated phrases. This style was passed from generation to
generation, and was played by ear, without written scores, and still has managed to become one of
the most popular genres of music. The 1920s is when jazz had started to become popular in
America, just after it first started. Jazz became popular when more and more musicians had begun to
play it. By the end of the decade every home consisted of at least on radio, so everyone had heard
jazz at that point. During that time jazz was mostly played in speakeasies, illegal bars where people
could drink during prohibition, an amendment to the constitution that banned alcohol and ended
with the twenty first amendment, the owners of these speakeasies would hire black jazz musicians to
play, since they were cheap and people wanted a place with music, jazz had become so popular at
that point that it had been used to describe anything good.The transition jazz to swing was mostly
caused by a change in public taste. In

Jazz Concert Critique
On May 13, 2016, the Vocal Jazz Ensembles at Sacramento State University had their one of the last
concerts before the semester ended, which was directed by our professor Gaw Vang Williams. This
concert was performed by four groups and different solo, which was completely different experience
from the first two concerts that I attended at Sac State. In this Vocal Jazz concert, there was packed
and a lot of audiences who were friends, family and students come to support and enjoy before this
semester ended. Overall, this was a good show and I found that Vocal Jazz was much more fun and
enjoyable than the first two. In this concert, I enjoyed every pieces of performance and there were
three pieces that caught my attention, which were "Hold On", ... Show more content on
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I have listened to this song but I found the performance by C–Sus Voices was more fun and
enjoyable. Each member played as an instrumental roles as bass, beatbox, low and high notes
supports as an acapella style which without any instrument. In this performance, I love the
atmosphere and the moods that the groups brought out. In this pieces, it didn't look like they were
performing but they really played and enjoyed what they were doing, which also influence the
audiences' moods. Even though Maggie Niscasio the one who sang this song was really tired, but
they seemed brought me and audiences a relaxed moment and an enjoyable atmosphere. Also, the
song "Singing in the Rain" was another piece that was played by C–Sus Voices, which mixed with
Rhianna's Umbrella. This performance gave me different feelings by combining two songs as one.
By singing these two songs together in the Jazz style, C–Sus Voices seemed performing a new song
c and matching perfectly between the Rain with the Umbrella. Also in this performance, I loved the
way they played the songs and the atmosphere. Overall, I felt really relaxed and I enjoyed the
performance played by C–Sus

What Is The Evolution Of Jazz
Beyond Commercial Jazz Duke Ellington, one of the most influential musicians in jazz, was known
to have described his own unique brand of the genre as American Music. While the reach of jazz
ended up breaking past the western hemisphere, it was a definitively American phenomenon (Dyas).
The style of the jazz–age, exemplified notably by Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby, described perfectly
the commercial birth of jazz and the spontaneous lifestyle of the 20's. However, the commercial
styles of jazz such as the Dixieland of the 20's and swing of the 30's and 40's could be viewed as an
introductory phase in the evolution of jazz (Scaruffi). If people were to look past the commercial
styles of jazz, they would find a performance–art full of impulse ... Show more content on
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Here is when have Miles Davis, for the third time setting the stage for style of jazz with two back to
back albums In a Silent Way and Bitches Brew (Scaruffi). One might have assumed that fusion was
a grasp towards commercialism, with rock music being the leading sound at this period, but these
releases of Miles's still have the experimental heart of jazz. In a Silent Way boasts a regular jazz
quintet, but with two pianists, an organist, and a guitarist (Scaruffi). The result was a hushed,
curious ambient sound that was the quiet of the storm to Miles's more ambitious Bitches Brew.
Bitches Brew was the true kick–start to fusion: the ambitious double LP blurred rock and jazz
together into a torrential, impressionistic landscape that inspired many musicians, and pushed the
agenda that the combination of jazz and rock could have artistic integrity (Scaruffi). Multiple fusion
bands formed as a result of Bitches Brew alumni. Electric pianist Joe Zawinul joined forces with
Wayne Shorter to start the fusion band The Weather Report, gaining a diverse group of players such
as the talented electric bassist Jaco Pastorius (Blumenthal 147). John McLaughlin, another Bitches
Brew alumni formed the band Mahavishnu Orchestra which has recorded notable albums such as
The Inner Mounting Flame (Scaruffi). An analysis of In a Silent Way states that "...wasn't exactly
jazz, [but] it certainly wasn't rock" (Freeman 26), and this genre ambiguity of the album held a
precedent for fusion jazz becoming a whole new entity rather than jazz or rock

Jazz Vs White Jazz
Jazz is a difficult style to define as it incorporates several different elements of several different
styles, relies on a lot of improvisation and syncopated rhythms and is subjective in many ways. Jazz
music is one of the first types of music to be culturally appropriated by the American white middle
class. Jazz scholars often separate the music into "Jazz" and "White Jazz," marking a difference in
style and meaning between original African American jazz artists and popularized white jazz artists.
Jazz music was popular on the newly booming radio networks and it was one of the ways that white
musicians appropriated and popularized the music as many national stations refused to play records
by black artists at the time. Two predominant black

Jazz Influence On Jazz
The Influence of Jazz in Toni Morrison's Novel Jazz "It is only in his music [ ... ] that the Negro in
America has been able to tell his story." James Baldwin. "Jazz has been a part of a proud African
American tradition for over 100 years. A robust, rhythmic under–structure, blue notes, solos, "call–
and response" patterns, and improvisation of melody all characterize jazz music." In Jürgen Grandt's
analysis, he states that in order to use jazz to look at African American literature, the critical model
must "avail itself not only of the structural characteristics of the music, but also of the history of the
African American musicians who invented, shaped, and innovated it." (Grandt, P. 14) In other
words, "jazz critique" of African ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The theme is the "basic melody" of the novel. The story of Joe and Violet Trace; Joe's affair with
Dorcas and his murder of Dorcas and then Violet's 'violent' attack of Dorcas' corpse at her funeral.
Like a jazz soloist who improvises on a basic theme, he constantly invents, re–harmonizes,
elaborates, digresses, and explores. We can say that she uses jazz music as the base for the novel.
The novel is told as if it were performing a jazz arrangement. Henry Louis Gates Jr. states in his
review of Jazz "a disembodied narrator slips easily and guilelessly from third–person all–
knowingness to first–person lyricism, without ever relaxing its grip upon our imagination."
Morrison mixes music carefully into the novel, differentiating the various emotions, and illustrating
how the emotions can be expressed through images. It tells the lives of Violet, Joe, Dorcas, Felice,
Sweetness, and others in Harlem, New York. The novel is set in a period nicknamed the 'Roaring
Twenties', just like the beginnings of the jazz genre. Morrison describes New York City very vividly,
just like jazz music does. This technique, which rambles and improvises, plays with the
relationships between noises, and contrasts different musical ideas in creative ways. This is the most
jazz–like aspect of the novel. Morrison uses Jazz as a way of glorifying African American styles of
expression, and imaginative and ethnic creation, as well as forming a new mixture of forms of
expression.
As with

Difference Between Jazz And Jazz Music
Traditional jazz and brass bands are two of the most popular styles of music in New Orleans today.
In both of these styles, the culture and popular musical elements for the time strongly influenced
their evolution. While the two styles share common roots they differ in what they have evolved into
on a distribution and diversification level.
The slave trade in New Orleans brought hundreds of slaves from West Africa into a young and
developing city. With them came their cultures and music styles. As slaves, a sense of community
became essential to their joint and individual survival. And, since New Orleans afforded their urban
slaves with the ability to congregate, they began to express this West African culture in the form of
music. It was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(2016). Traditional New Orleans Jazz. In D. Johnson (Ed.), knowlouisiana.org Encyclopedia of
Louisiana: Know Louisiana.
Stats, C. Brass Bands I. Retrieved from
https://bb.uvm.edu/webapps/blackboard/content/listContent.jsp?
course_id=_113204_1&content_id=_2411846_1
Stats, C. Brass Bands II. Retrieved from
Stats, C. Social & Pleasure Clubs and Second Lines. Retrieved from
Stats, C. Traditional Jazz I. Retrieved from
Stats, C. Traditional Jazz II. Retrieved from
Stats, C. West African Music and Culture. Retrieved from
course_id=_113204_1&content_id=_2411845_1 (Stats; Stats; Stats; Stats; Stats;

Jazz Popularity
Jazz, like most other music genres, evolves as time passes, so it is informative to see how jazz and
the jazz audience has changed throughout the decades. Predictions made about jazz music's future in
a 1964 Playboy article are finally answered in a 2008 survey from the National Endowment for the
Arts.
One of the biggest changes seen in the jazz community is its popularity. African–American artists,
Cannonball Adderley, Dizzy Gillespie, Charles Mingus, George Russell, and two white critics,
Ralph Gleason and Nat Hentoff were questioned about their views on whether jazz popularity would
increase or not. In the Playboy interview, Gleason remained optimistic about jazz's popularity, while
Russell and Schuller believed that jazz would be on the decline in the next few decades ("A Jazz
Summit Meeting" 238). As it turns out, Russell and Schuller were correct in their prediction that
jazz popularity would decrease. In the 2008 survey, the number of adults who attended jazz concerts
dropped from eleven to eight percent from 2002 to 2008 ("Now Who Listens to Jazz?" 413).
Reasons behind jazz's decline in popularity have often been speculated with one such reason being
that new jazz styles like bebop, free jazz, and smooth jazz pushed ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
While African–Americans are still more likely to listen to jazz, overall, the survey found that jazz
was more popular among older audiences from ages 45 through 64 ("Now Who Listens to Jazz?"
413). Compared to the audiences in the 1920s through 1950s, the jazz audiences were usually teens
and young adults. Paired with the decrease in jazz popularity, it is possible that the same generation
that embraced jazz still enjoys listening to it, while the current generation of music listeners aren't as
passionate about jazz. Once again, these survey findings contrast against Gleason's more optimistic
predictions and align more with the views of Mingus, Mulligan and

How Did Jazz Influence Latin Jazz
INTRODUCTION When it came to Latin musicians in the United States it was rarely heard of
especially since they did not use their given names as their stage names. It was also uncommon to
hear any Latin Musicians play any genre other than the genres played in Latin America. When jazz
started to play more and more in the New York neighborhoods like Harlem, that is when Latin
musicians started to play alongside with African–Americans. These musicians were of Puerto Rico
or Cuban decent. I will be analyzing the influence and the impact of Latin musicians had in Jazz
especially Latin Jazz in the United States.
BACKGROUND
Jazz started in New Orleans, LA around the late 19th century to early 20th century but was mainly
popular in the 1920's. Jazz was mostly played by African–Americans because of the African
influences of having polyrhythms and improvisation. When Latin Jazz came was from the
influences of Afro–Cuban musicians started to play Jazz with a different more spiced up note with
adding more ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
But before that Jelly Roll Morton, who is a ragtime and jazz musician had played jazz with a
"spanish tinge" but was not considered Latin Jazz. In 1943, Bauzá wrote the song "Tanga" which is
supposed to be the first Latin Jazz song. Latin Jazz became more and more popular and became the
path to Latin Music with Mambo with Tito Puente as the most common musician and also Salsa.
Most of the common Jazz musicians where Dizzy Gillespie and Chano Pozo and more. These
musicians mostly played in the Latin clubs in New York and then ventured out to more venues as
they became popular and the demand to hear them before the it ended with the start of Rock and
Roll and the connection to Cuba was closed off from the United States but that didn't stop what was
already being played and heard by the general

Jazz Culture
The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between jazz music and American culture.
In order to understand how it is related to American society, it's important to understand the origins
of Jazz. With its many different subgenres, it is difficult to define exactly what Jazz is. This paper
will be exploring the origins of Jazz, its development over time, and its role in civil rights movement
and black community.
The Origins of Jazz:
Considered by many to be the only original American art form, Jazz is a style of music developed in
the late 19th and early 20th century in New Orleans. Combining ragtime and blues, early Jazz artists
like Louis Armstrong became the forerunners of what would become known as Jazz. Jazz has some
characteristics ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some of the earliest places to integrate were Jazz clubs, however, it wasn't until people like Norman
Granz –– a white impresario –– began to actively fight the hypocrisy of venues hosting black bands
but not serving black patrons that real integration of venues began. Like all music, Jazz is a form of
expression. All Jazz musicians have played the same standards along with their own music, yet, each
version is so different from another. The freedom of expression in Jazz, and the culture of the Jazz
community gave African Americans a chance to make it into the spotlight. Calling attention to social
issues, responding to events, organizing community events, and most of all, uniting people of all
colors in a way that no other art form quite could. Some people believe that the adaptation of Jazz
by white corrupted the genre, however, when the effects of the mixing whites and blacks in Jazz are
looked at in context of the civil rights movement and the fight for equality, it becomes clear that
Jazz was just as instrumental to the success of the movement as speeches and protests were. Jazz has
a special place in American identity. That place will continue to change as time goes on, but it is
clear that the development of Jazz and the culture surrounding the genre were critical to the
development of the

Jazz Argumentative Essay
Yet with freedom soon came severe racial discrimination and this led to mistreatment and neglect of
many black Jazz musicians during the 20th century. As history states it is a harsh reality that many
blacks and African Americans faced severe neglect and abuse in the 1900's especially black Jazz
musicians. As a result, today we are forced to question whether black musicians benefited as much
as they should have or if they even benefited at all from their innovative dedications to jazz music.
Statistics show that white jazz musicians earned money and wealth, black musicians on the other
hand did not gain anywhere near as much compensation. Rex Stewart (a black jazz Cornetest) said,
"Where the control is, the money is. Do you see any of us running any record companies, booking
agencies, radio stations, music magazines?" (quoted in Laver, 2015)
A lot of money was to to be made in the jazz industry and white musicians earned a lot of
commission through the exploitation of black jazz musicians. For many black musicians the only
way to "make it" in the industry was to be employed by white musicians who would go on take
advantage of their talent, leading to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Instead again this is the reality of the racial situation that blacks and African Americans faced during
the first half of the 20th century. Whites were seen as being the dominant race. So we must ask
ourselves how did we get from a place where black musicians were exploited, mistreated,
unaccepted and unacknowledged in the jazz industry in the 20th century to present day where as a
nation we seem to accept that the creation of Jazz music is one of the great achievements of black
musicians in the competitive

Similarities And Differences Between Jazz And Jazz
One cannot speak about music especially in America with referencing Jazz or the Blues. The two
genres of music are synonymous with the American music scene originating from Southern
America. Their similar point of origin has caused much confusion in distinguishing the two mainly
due to the way today's artists' music crossover. Both Jazz and Blues, are two independent genres that
formed concurrently in the 20th century and were produced at the same time.
Origination
Jazz music originated from New Orleans America and was initially known as "Jass", the "ss" were
later converted to "zz" meaning "cool". In the 19th century Jazz was popularly featured in brass with
an ensemble consisting of the saxophone, piano, cornet and the trombone dominating the music.
In contrast, Blues music originated from southern Mississippi and was first recorded in the 1920s.
Blues music is further differentiated from Jazz as it was originally played as a solo using a slide
guitar. This is not the case today as it has been modified and adapted by practising artists and utilises
complex bands.
Artists
Pioneering artists in Jazz included;
L Edward Ory alongside the Creole Orchestra,
George Lewis and
Louis Armstrong
.
In the 1960s as the genre became more popular icons such as John Coltrane and Miles Davis
became overly remarkable successes. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Further, the composition of the two genres with Blues heavily reliant on vocals and Jazz on
instruments highlights their differences. Blues music is folklore inclined hence relaying history and
stories that have been passed on from generation to generation. Some argue that Blues music took
Jazz and added vocals to it to create Blues music, however history disputes this as both genres
originated at the same time in different

Similarities Between Jazz And Bebop Jazz
Jazz is the world – famous music genre that originated from the African – American communities
that existed during the late 19th and early 20th centuries in the town of New Orleans, United States.
The genre of jazz has many subgenres which have evolved over time to give us current modern day
jazz. The two jazz genres which will be compared and contrasted in this essay will be the two
subgenres; Bebop, and Ragtime Jazz, which differ but at the same time have some similarities.
Bebop Jazz
Bebop Jazz is the subgenre of jazz that has its origins during the early to mid – 1940's in the United
States. Bebop Jazz is characterized by its instrumental expertise, complex chord progressions that
change rapidly, a naturally fast tempo, a diverse amount of key changes, and improvisation based on
a combination of harmonic structure, and the use of many scales and infrequent connections to the
melody. Bebop Jazz is one of the many major foundations responsible for shaping and creating the
modern jazz present today.
It can be said that one of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Louis. The development of ragtime Jazz has been greatly influenced by the classical period of music
and both the rhythmic styles of the Africans; such as the 2/4 time signature for dancing. The timing
of waltz music is usually referred to as "waltz time", therefore, it is only logical that the meaning of
"Ragtime" is that it is just a contraction for the worlds "ragged time". This name most likely refers
to how the melody is broken up into small bursts of right handed syncopated rhythmic play on a
piano against the left, playing rhythms in a march–like way; emphasising rhythmic pulsing. Turning
a normal, syncopated melody and dividing the melody would was called "ragging", and the resulting
musical piece was believed to have been composed in

Jazz, By Louis Armstrong
Jazz midterm
1. Louis Armstrong is credited in the book titled Jazz as the "single most important figure in the
development of jazz." He is known as the only major figure in Western musical history to have a
profound influence as a singer and an instrumentalist. His defining qualities as a performer were the
emotion, beauty, and technical mastery he brought to each performance, and he knew how to please
an audience. Performing jazz was a personal and powerful experience to him, and it was
communicated effectively to his audience. Duke Ellington is quoted as calling him a "truly good and
original man," and his contributions to jazz music reflect that statement.
Prior to Armstrong's involvement, jazz was considered an urban folk music that was closely related
to ragtime and military bands. Jazz was music played by an ensemble for social functions, such as
dances or funerals. Armstrong provided five major areas of innovation that progressed this music,
changing how it was perceived drastically, from solely entertainment, to widely successful art music
with commercial success.
Armstrong's first major influence was the establishment of a blue scale and creating what is now
jazz's harmonic foundation. Over this, he was free to improvise, another major contribution of his.
The solos he performed demonstrated that improvised music could have weight and substance like
written music, and set the groundwork for many to come. His solos also helped establish jazz as a
music that

Reflection On Jazz
Final Reflection #3 – Once you have completed the above sections, please respond to the following
questions: 10 points
Did this performance make more sense to you after multiple listenings? This piece made a lot more
sense after listening to it multiple times, mostly because this was my second time really listening to
Jazz, so it was difficult to analyze just hearing it once. Also, listening to it multiple times allowed
me to pay attention to certain aspects of the song during different times. This allowed me to analyze
each section deeper instead of just getting a shallow understanding of the song in general. One
aspect that I was especially able to appreciate more than if I would have just listened to it once
would be the solos. More specifically, I gained an appreciation for the rhythms section, because
before I thought that they merely kept the beat and repeated the same phrase over and over again.
However, now after listening more carefully to it, I was able to notice more subtle interactions
between the soloists and the rhythms section. In addition, listening to this piece multiple times also
helped me understand the complexity of Jazz music, because before I would listen to it occasionally
for pleasure without ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is mostly due to the fact that some of them were related to jazz, and I have never really paid
attention to them other than a few occasions. Additionally, I did not know what many of the devices
were such as "Pitch Bending", the "Use of long, sustained tones to create tension" and "Articulation
Styles" such as "hard–tonguing, off–beat tonguing". Another aspect of the music that was difficult to
grasp was the form because I did not have the sheet music, meaning that I had to do it based solely
upon my listening skills, which were not very well

Jazz Changes
A lot of changes affect jazz and it has benefitted from them in many different ways. The changes in
production and style of Jazz music are highly attributed to shifts in economic well being, as well as
events such as Prohibition. Jazz has changed a lot, and has had many different stages throughout it's
history. Economic collapse and the invention of household radio were a major catalyst in the
evolution of jazz. The prohibition of alcohol –and in turn the lifting of this ban, caused a drastic
change between soloist jazz and big band. The changes in production and style of Jazz music are
highly attributed to shifts in economic well being, as well as events such as Prohibition.
Throughout it's long and very culturally varied history, jazz has ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The big stars that ousted the New Orleans jazz style were about to be ousted themselves. About this
time in the mid 1930s, the economy was beginning to collapse due to several drastic changes in
american culture. Meanwhile advances in radio allow consumers to buy household models to listen
to music at home. These two factors lead to the demise of Soloist jazz, promoted Big band and
brought about the beginnings of Swing. "A single band could now entertain countless listeners
through the magic of radio. By implication, a few instrumentalists were doing work that previously
required hundreds, maybe thousands, of bands" (Gioia 128). Because of this convenience going out
to the local speakeasy was more of an inconvenience. Prohibition was also a huge factor during this
time, it transformed many speakeasies from a convenient way to listen to a local jazz player and
sneak some alcohol under the table to an inconvenient waste of gas when you can just listen to jazz
on your radio in your home, and drink booze you bought from a legitimate store. This was also a
factor that led to the reduction of Soloist jazz, because local speakeasies would have to hire more
musicians and attractions to get people to show up. Even still, this collapse didn't affect all
speakeasies, some became legitimate nightclubs and thrived with local

The History Of Jazz
Jazz is a crucial part of any musical history that has ever been known. Most is not all of the genres
we know today all branched off of some type of jazz, and that's a big thing. Jazz was founded in the
early 20th century, but it can be found in the heart of both African and European music styles (What
is Jazz). It is an important part of our history as American's and spread throughout the world like a
groovy wildfire. The genre of Jazz has been a home to many of the famous people we still know
today including Miles Davis, Louis Armstrong, and so many more. However, there are still many
less known artists that made it big that aren't well remembered, but were still a crucial piece to the
music we call Jazz. One of these artists goes by the

Jazz Essay
Jazz
John F. Szwed resides in Connecticut, and he is currently a professor of anthropology, African–
American studies, music, and American studies at Yale University. He has written seven books on
music and African–American culture and numerous articles and reviews on similar subjects. Szwed
has received honors including a Guggenheim Fellowship and a Rockefeller Foundation Humanities
Fellowship.
Knowledge of jazz has fallen far behind its development. Most people do not know the facts on jazz,
only some generalities and stereotypes. Often being called America's only original art form, jazz
began as an ethnic music, but there is much more to jazz than music. It is difficult to think of jazz
without thinking of African–American ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The musicians have to be incredibly creative to do this, but it is kind of unrealistic. They are
expected to sound different from other musicians and from themselves each time they perform.
Another form is composition, which is when they play music they have already written. Arranging is
when the musicians make a plan that they agree to play by beforehand. This is supposed to give
shape to their performance. Out of these three forms, the jazz musicians usually choose
improvisation over the others.
When listening to jazz, people hear it different ways. Some people like the physical level and others
use more intellect. Many keep score, make lists of names, and guess the outcomes of the music.
People listen to recordings or attend live performances. Listening to recordings is not even close to
being at a performance. Recordings are usually only a few minutes long, but performances can last
an hour or longer. There has to be an interaction between the performers and the audience to get the
full effect of jazz. Jazz was performed wherever there was space and demand. The music first came
about and still is popular in nightclubs. Small clubs were the places where jazz musicians came to
maturity. Clubs in New York City were the center of jazz activity. Although New York City was a
main location of jazz, New Orleans has more recognition

Ragtime: Early Jazz
The folk songs and plantation dance music of black Americans have much to say about the early
jazz. These types of music came about all the way through the Southern United States at some point
in the eighteen hundreds.
Ragtime, a musical technique that influenced early jazz, emerged from the St. Louis, Missouri, area
in the late 1890's. It rapidly became the most popular music style in the United States. Ragtime was
a vigorous and syncopated assortment of music, primarily for the piano, that give emphasis to a
formal composition.
A conventional jazz band would consist of a front line of a trumpet, trombone and clarinet or the
saxophone, and a rhythm section of drums, a bass, a piano, and often times a guitar or banjo. The
blues is a type of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
New Orleans style jazz came forward from the city's own musical customs of band music for black
funeral processions and street parades. Today, this kind of jazz is occasionally known as classic jazz,
traditional jazz, or Dixieland jazz. New Orleans was the musical home of the first distinguished
players and originators of jazz. Jazz soon broaden from New Orleans to the other parts of the
country.
The 1920's have been called the golden age of jazz it the jazz age. Commercial radio stations, which
first appeared in the 1920's, featured live performances by the growing number of jazz musicians.
New Orleans, Memphis, St. Louis, Kansas City, Chicago, Detroit, and The City of New York were
all significant centers of jazz.
A group of Midwest youths developed a type of improvisation and arrangement that became known
as Chicago style jazz. While in The City of New York, a musician named as James P. Johnson
popularized a musical style from ragtime which is known as stride piano. In stride piano, the left
hand plays alternating notes single notes and chords that move up and down the scale the scale
while the right hand plays solo melodies, accompanying rhythms, and interesting chordal passages.
Johnson strongly influenced other jazz

Jazz: The History And History Of Jazz Dance
Jazz dance is a form of dancing that can be very well identified by the emphasis on offbeat rhythms
and body parts moving in isolation. Jazz dance has various dance styles that are characterized by
fast as well as slow, smooth as well as sharp, hidden as well as large movements.
The origin of this dance form relates back to Africa. During the time of slavery in America, it came
with the African slaves. Africans used to dance in a very fluid style with looser body unlike the elite
dance moves which generally comprised of stiff upper bodies. The owners of the slaves liked this
form of dance and very often they participated in it and thus by the mixing of the two different styles
emerged the unique form of dancing that we today call as jazz. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The dance demanded a very fast footwork with least body movements and arm movements. It was
generally performed while wearing shoes with heavy wooden soles with heavy noisy steps and with
of leaping and kicking.
 Black Bottom: This style of jazz was very popular in the early 1900s and gained its title from the
patting on the bottom. Dancers usually leaned forward and backwards tapped their feet heavily on
the floor while rotating their pelvises.
 Charleston: This style of jazz used low beats and missing beats of musical sounds. It became
popular in the early 1900s and still is in practice today. The steps used while dancing are pivoting of
feet inwards and outwards while bending and straightening of knees simultaneously. The shift of
weight is from foot to foot and the foot in the air is kicked at a misleading angle.
 Jitterbug: This style of dancing was defined by separation of from the clasping of arms to engage
in very complex and fast single foot works.
 Boogie Woogie: It is a dance style generally done in a curve or arc with sad music beats or blue
music beats. It is basically a fast step dance with lots of jumps, cross jumps and heavy

What Is Jazz?
All That Jazz
Jazz has a very unclear history, dating back to the early 1900's with subgenres such as cool jazz,
bebop, free jazz, and jazz fusion. All of these subgenres have their own specific history. Finding
exactly where the genre of jazz breaks off into so many different branches is a challenge to many
music historians. Many try to pick where jazz started, what are its roots, to whom jazz owes
acknowledgements of advancement, and so forth. Others begin by simply trying to understand
exactly what is jazz. There are several views of jazz coming from many different angles on the
history. One group, called neoclassicists, have argued that jazz has had a revival, and that Wynton
Marsalis has saved jazz from "being executed. Opposing this are critics who believe that there is
definitive evidence that jazz is, in fact, dead. Despite the several different views, beliefs, and
definitions as to how jazz came to be what it is today, there are still textbooks and college classes
discussing the history of jazz.
Scott DeVeaux writes about the many different textbook ideas on jazz history. He states that jazz has
several variants of historiographies because it is still gaining ground through "the burgeoning of jazz
appreciation courses" at ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Jazz offers a twist to the idea of classical music because it openly acknowledges its roots as Africa,
not Europe as most other classical art forms do. This created a lot of political uproar as jazz gained
popularity in the early 1900's. Duke Ellington, Louis Armstrong, and John Coltrane are three
important figures in early jazz development. DeVeaux makes the important statement that if jazz is
to be "impressed on future generations the story [of jazz] must be told, and it must be told well"
(DeVeaux,

Jazz Commandments : Jazz Commandments
MPA Paul Revere Awards
The 2017 Paul Revere Awards for Graphic Excellence were presented on Friday, June 16th, in New
York City at the annual meeting of the Music Publishers Association (MPA) of the United States.
Kendor was presented with 3 awards.
1st Prize – Collated Music: Voi Che Sapete arranged by John Caponegro
2nd Prize – Solos (without accompaniment): Encounters by John H. Beck
3rd Prize – Cover Design Featuring Graphic Elements: New Studies For Trumpet by Darren Fellows
All winning publications will be part of a display that will be circulating this year among major
university libraries around the nation.
Jazz Commandments Jerry Tolson
This book with MP3s addresses articulation and style situations that are commonly found in jazz
music by introducing a set of guidelines that can be used to make decisions regarding the treatment
of notes and rhythms in the swing style. It includes exercises and catchy tunes that can be used to
sound more stylistically accurate and authentic, which makes this a valuable resource for directors,
individual students, combos, and big bands. Players will see immediate improvement in jazz
articulation and style performance.
Jazz Commandments – C Instruments #20820, $19.95
Jazz Commandments – Bb Instruments #20821, $19.95
Jazz Commandments – Eb Instruments #20822, $19.95
Jazz Commandments – C Bass Clef Instruments #20823, $19.95
Since the 1970's, Kendor Music has been proud to publish the music of the legendary Thad Jones.

A Jazz Concert Report
An Evening of Jazz
On November 17th, 2016, I attended a jazz concert and had quite a time. The experience was
captivating, and gave me a warm feeling inside. There were three different bands that play in the
hour slot, and all of them sounded magnificent, but "The Santé Fe Jazz Combo" and "Santa Fe Big
Band" stood out the most. The only thing these two bands have in common is that some of the
musicians play in both bands. Otherwise, these jazz fanatics are polar opposites.
When listening to "The Santé Fe Jazz Combo," you get a mellow feeling that courses through your
body. Their opener "Recorda–Me," which was my favorite piece, featured solos from Dr. Hamilton
on Piano, Spencer Hoefert on Guitar, Ben Salhanick on Bass, Doc B on Alto Sax, Wyatt Thomas on
Trombone, and Noah Woolard on Drum Set. The song had a moderate swing tempo that kept your
feet tapping up until the solo. First, the brass rang through their part, then the electric instruments.
Next came the bass; he was strumming so fast but he was barely audible. The pianist busting
through with a tricky piano rift and the drummer finished it off with an intense solo. Every rim–shot
sent a jolt into the air like lightning and the buzz rolls sounded like thunder. Noah's part reminded
me why I love playing the drums. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Lawrence. The big band spiced it up when they quickened the tempo on this usually slow song.
"Santé Fe Big Band" was a crowd favorite and I completely understand why. Opposed to "The Santé
Fe Jazz Combo", "Santé Fe Big Band" plays with speed. To accommodate the band, Gerald Bigas
provided smooth vocals that mixed beautifully with the hefty brass section. The whole ensemble's
collaboration was effortless. Right when you think it is over, Michael Gray comes out with a
Soprano Saxophone and plays a smooth solo that sends you into a nostalgic episode of watching the
"Finding Nemo"

Cool Jazz : Music And Jazz
Cool Jazz originated in the late 1940 's. It was created from the mix of classical music and jazz
music. Miles Davis is known as the creator of cool jazz and his most important album was "Birth of
Cool". People also say that cool jazz was a smoother style of bebop. The rhythm of cool jazz is more
of a melodic flow. Cool jazz also originated in New York
While a lot of jazz music used instruments like a saxophone, cool jazz didn 't. The main instruments
in cool jazz were French horns, flutes, tuba, cello, and vibraphones. Cool jazz introduced all of these
unusual jazz instruments.
There are many famous Cool Jazz players that are highly known by many jazz fans. Some of the
highly known people are Lennie Tristano, Dave Pell, and Gerry Mulligan. The other famous cool
jazz players are Dave Brubeck and Shorty Rogers. But, the most important person is(as said earlier)
Miles Davis.
Cool Jazz has a slow tempo. Since it is a softer type of music it 's tone is soft and melodic. The beats
per measure is very low. The performers of cool jazz try to keep the dynamics low and soft so that it
kept its tempo and tune. Even though it originated from bebop it is much longer. The soft tones
causes cool jazz to be played in clubs such as an intimate club.
No one ever just becomes famous, right? Right. Lennie Tristano established a trio with a bassist and
guitar player, and it was not long before he was performing with Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillespie.
A jazz critic named Barry

Jazz Influence
Overtime, perseverance has been tremendously exemplified throughout the African American
community. This theme is demonstrated incredibly well while looking at the timeline of jazz, seeing
that the musical genre was originally created by black individuals in New Orleans. The ancestries of
jazz come from African, European, and Caribbean traditions, although the exact contributions are
still a controversy to this day, the blending of the three are crucial elements when looking at the
establishment of jazz.
Although these areas on the map contribute to the musical successions of jazz, the actual conception
occurred in America thanks to the leading European culture that was met with nonnative musical
rudiments and techniques. Beginning in the in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, jazz developed
from roots in Blues and Ragtime, the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
That substance was made up of several avenues for the display of personal oppression as well as the
representation of the hardships in which the African American public faced and continue to face in
America. Jelly Roll Morton was the noted creator of jazz, while Miles Davis propelled it forward
exponentially. Both characterizing the incredible effort and work that black individuals put into
expanding traditional forms of Jazz that represented a form of freedom that was unmatched. Each
musician is highly noted in the musical composition world, each offering creative innovations for
the genre of jazz while demonstrating the progressions of African American in America though
avenues of culture. Looking at the roots and history of jazz, as well as the two key musicians
mentioned above, the notable ability of the African American community to use music as a method
of expressing the discontent of segregation and racism is represented in the practice of

The History Of Jazz
History of Jazz Jazz originated in New Orleans as a byproduct to the unique culturally rich
environment that encompassed the city in the 19th and 20th century. Jazz has a long history with
many influential artists, which made it one of the most diverse genres of our time (Basin 2014). Jazz
emerged as a part of a broad musical revolution encompassing many genres with a large
contribution from people of African heritage. Charles Bolden was one of the most influential artists
and is credited as the principle leader of the Jazz era. All in all, Jazz is a diverse genre with a rich
past encompassing many strong musicians (McNulty 2015). With the vestiges of French and
Spanish colonial roots, the resilience of African influences after the slavery era and the influx of
immigrants from Europe jazz was born. All of these cultures were intertwined to produce a new
sound that was distinctly ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many of his compositions, including "Maple Leaf Rag" and "The Entertainer," were published and
sold across the country. Ragtime, although based on European classical music, led to the
development of the style known as stride piano, one of the first forms of jazz (Kingman 1990).
Another person instrumental in the development of jazz, was Jelly Roll Morton, who combined
ragtime with various other musical styles, including blues, minstrel show tunes, Hispanic music, and
white popular songs (United 2015). However, his virtuosity at the piano, and his mixture of
composition and improvisation had a lasting effect on jazz performance. Following Morton, was
James Johnson, who was influenced by growing up listening to works of Morton (United 2015). He
was one of the originators of the stride piano style. His music, which used most of the conventions
of ragtime, also included improvisation and elements of the blues, two aspects that were widely
influential in the development of

Elements Of The Jazz
The jazz is a musical expression that was created it in Africa America and also it is Americas
classical music, but first it started 20th century in Africa America. When the Jazz started in the
United States, it started first New Orleans, so the Jazz in that time started to become American's
popular music. According to the article Jazz, "The 1950s saw the emergence of free jazz, which
explored playing without regular meter, beat and formal structures", so the free jazz was changing
during that time because it was played different (Jazz). In the jazz has faster tempos and it is playing
without formal and beat. The elements of the jazz have a steady beat, fast tempo, and polyphonic
texture. In addition, the part of rhythm of the jazz is that

Jazz Improvisation

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