Gallbladder Double-Diverticular: A Case Report المرارة مزدوجة التج: تقرير حالة
National challenges, local delivery : reducing smoking
1. National Challenges, Local
Delivery - reducing
smoking
Jim McManus, Director of Public Health,
Hertfordshire County Council
Hazel Cheeseman, Director of Policy, Action on
Smoking and Health
2. Reducing smoking
• Overview of national challenges
• Overview of national opportunities
• Lessons from local delivery
• High impact local actions – discussion
3. Tobacco – the national challenge
• Pressure on the NHS
• Cost to society
• Loss of healthy life
• Driver of inequalities
4. Cost to society
£217.0m
£390.7m
£1.1bn
£1.1bn
£1.7bn
£3.1bn
£5.4bn
£0 £1,000 £2,000 £3,000 £4,000 £5,000 £6,000
Passive smoking
Smoking-related fires
Smoking-related social care
Lost productivity (sick days)
Smoking-related disease (NHS)
Lost productivity (early deaths)
Lost productivity (smoking breaks)
Cost to society (£millions)
Estimated cost of smoking in England (£millions)
5. Loss of healthy life
References:
1. ASH Factsheet, Smoking Statistics: illness & death, October 2011 (http://ash.org.uk/files/documents/ASH_107.pdf) NB area represents value
Obesity:
34,100
Smoking:
81,400
Alcohol:
6,541
Suicide:
5,377
Drug misuse:
1,738
HIV:
529
Traffic:
2,502
Each year smoking causes the greatest
number of preventable deaths
6. Driver of Inequalities
Smokers from the highest social class have a lower life expectancy than non-
smokers in the lowest social class
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
I+II IV+V
Social Class
Relativemortality
Male non-smokers Male smokers
Highest Lowest
The life
expectancy
between rich and
poor smokers is
similar
Richer smokers
have a lower life
expectancy than
poorer non-
smokers
8. Tobacco – a national opportunity
• We know what works
• Comprehensive approach
• Strong leadership
• Good partnerships
• Implementing the evidence base
• Embracing innovation
9. Supporting what we know works
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1978 1982 1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2013
Smoking prevalence
Doll and Peto publish
20 year study showing
1 in 3 smokers die
Majority in
the UK not
smoking
Illegal to sell tobacco
to under 16s
Tobacco
Advertising and
Promotions Act
Smokefree legislation
comes into force
Tobacco Control
Plan for England
published
Smoking Kills
published
11. Supporting what we know works
• Comprehensive approach
• Leadership
• Partnership
• Implement the evidence
12. Supporting a Comprehensive approach
• Originally developed by ASH,
in partnership with others.
PHE has tool under licence
from ASH until 2015
• Self-assessment can be
supported by a peer review
led by a tobacco control
expert.
• The CLeaR model is based
on the 3 domains of:
• challenge for existing tobacco
control services, based on
the best evidence
• leadership for comprehensive
action to tackle tobacco
• results demonstrated
13. Local Authority Date signed
Newcastle City Council 01-May-13
Manchester City Council 10-Jul-13
Hartlepool Borough Council 05-Aug-13
Liverpool City Council 09-Sep-13
Bath and North East Somerset Council 12-Sep-13
Coventry City Council 21-Oct-13
London Borough of Southwark 28-Oct-13
Rochdale Metropolitan Borough
Council
31-Oct-13
Southampton City Council 04-Nov-13
Gateshead Council 07-Nov-13
Somerset County Council 21-Nov-13
Thurrock Council 27-Nov-13
Warrington Borough Council 02-Dec-13
North Tyneside Council 02-Dec-13
Calderdale Metropolitan Borough
Council
03-Dec-13
Birmingham City Council 11-Dec-13
Lancashire County Council 12-Dec-13
Mendip District Council 16-Dec-13
Blaby District Council 13-Jan-14
Halton Borough Council 15-Jan-14
Durham County Council 17-Jan-14
Supporting local leadership
14.
15. Supporting partnerships
The NHS will therefore now back
hard-hitting national action on obesity,
smoking, alcohol and other major
health risks. We will help develop and
support new workplace incentives to
promote employee health and cut
sickness-related unemployment. And
we will advocate for stronger public
health-related powers for local
government and elected mayors.
19. High impact local actions
1. Comprehensive local strategy…?
2. Targeted approach to health inequalities…?
3. Harm reduction…?
4. Smoking in Pregnancy…?
5. Political engagement/ leadership…?
6. Building partnerships…?
20. For discussion
1. Delivering high impact actions
2. Barriers to local delivery of tobacco control
3. Opportunities for national support
Editor's Notes
Ill-health caused by smoking is much more common amongst the poorest and most disadvantaged in society: smoking is the primary reason for the gap in life expectancy between the rich and the poor. The poorest in our communities smoke at higher rates and smoke more on an individual level – their habit is the single biggest reason for the difference in their life expectancy compared to the richest in our communities.
To reduce health inequalities, we must specifically target poor smokers and smokers in marginalised and deprived communities.
The cost of tobacco use affects everybody. Tackling tobacco use at a population level using community initiatives and targeting young and poorer smokers, as well as certain minorities, evidence shows is the most effective way of reducing youth up-take.
References:1. Gruer L et al. BMJ 2009;338;bmj.b480 (Relative mortality assessed at 2nd 14 year follow-up between male smokers & non-smokers of highest & lowest social class)
2. Insert the bit about Wanless from the Islington report.