Submit Search
Upload
IRJET- Autonomous Adjustable Pesticide Spraying Device for Agricultural Application
•
0 likes
•
25 views
IRJET Journal
Follow
https://www.irjet.net/archives/V6/i3/IRJET-V6I31183.pdf
Read less
Read more
Engineering
Report
Share
Report
Share
1 of 6
Download now
Download to read offline
Recommended
IRJET - Speed Control of DC Motor by using IoT
IRJET - Speed Control of DC Motor by using IoT
IRJET Journal
IRJET- Android based Home Automation System with Power Optimization Modes
IRJET- Android based Home Automation System with Power Optimization Modes
IRJET Journal
"Automatic Intelligent Plant Irrigation System using Arduino and GSM board"
"Automatic Intelligent Plant Irrigation System using Arduino and GSM board"
Disha Modi
Smart home using andriod application
Smart home using andriod application
eSAT Publishing House
Major Project Synopsis Report on IoT based DC Motor Through a Web-site
Major Project Synopsis Report on IoT based DC Motor Through a Web-site
Utkarsh Chaubey
Final Report
Final Report
Tilak Maharana
IRJET- Power Theft Detection and Monitoring using GSM Technology
IRJET- Power Theft Detection and Monitoring using GSM Technology
IRJET Journal
Master slave autonomous surveillance bot for military applications
Master slave autonomous surveillance bot for military applications
eSAT Journals
Recommended
IRJET - Speed Control of DC Motor by using IoT
IRJET - Speed Control of DC Motor by using IoT
IRJET Journal
IRJET- Android based Home Automation System with Power Optimization Modes
IRJET- Android based Home Automation System with Power Optimization Modes
IRJET Journal
"Automatic Intelligent Plant Irrigation System using Arduino and GSM board"
"Automatic Intelligent Plant Irrigation System using Arduino and GSM board"
Disha Modi
Smart home using andriod application
Smart home using andriod application
eSAT Publishing House
Major Project Synopsis Report on IoT based DC Motor Through a Web-site
Major Project Synopsis Report on IoT based DC Motor Through a Web-site
Utkarsh Chaubey
Final Report
Final Report
Tilak Maharana
IRJET- Power Theft Detection and Monitoring using GSM Technology
IRJET- Power Theft Detection and Monitoring using GSM Technology
IRJET Journal
Master slave autonomous surveillance bot for military applications
Master slave autonomous surveillance bot for military applications
eSAT Journals
Thesis on Solar Based Hecto Robotic Vehicle
Thesis on Solar Based Hecto Robotic Vehicle
Akhil Reddy Rondla
102642452 infrared-remote-switch-project-report
102642452 infrared-remote-switch-project-report
isnadh
Implementation of vehicle ventilation system using NodeMCU ESP8266 for remote...
Implementation of vehicle ventilation system using NodeMCU ESP8266 for remote...
journalBEEI
Home Automation System
Home Automation System
MOHAMMAD TANVEER
Touch screen home automation
Touch screen home automation
vision2d16
"Black Box for a Car" report
"Black Box for a Car" report
subrat manna
Industrial Safety Measurement using Sensors and Voice Announcement
Industrial Safety Measurement using Sensors and Voice Announcement
Associate Professor in VSB Coimbatore
IRJET - IoT based Speed Control of DC Motor using PWM Technique
IRJET - IoT based Speed Control of DC Motor using PWM Technique
IRJET Journal
Speed and direction control of dc motor using android mobile application chan...
Speed and direction control of dc motor using android mobile application chan...
chandan kumar
Automatic irrigation system using Arduino
Automatic irrigation system using Arduino
BalajiK109
Speed control of single phase induction motor by android bluetooth
Speed control of single phase induction motor by android bluetooth
IRJET Journal
IRJET- Intelligent Security and Monitoring System for Vehicle
IRJET- Intelligent Security and Monitoring System for Vehicle
IRJET Journal
IRJET- Vehicle Black Box System using IoT
IRJET- Vehicle Black Box System using IoT
IRJET Journal
IRJET- Design and Development of Gesture Controlled Robot
IRJET- Design and Development of Gesture Controlled Robot
IRJET Journal
An automatic wave probe reference setting mechanism
An automatic wave probe reference setting mechanism
eSAT Publishing House
Presentation on home automation system
Presentation on home automation system
Namit Sood
An automatic wave probe reference setting mechanism in a high speed towing tank
An automatic wave probe reference setting mechanism in a high speed towing tank
eSAT Journals
IRJET- Fire Fighting Robotic Vehicle
IRJET- Fire Fighting Robotic Vehicle
IRJET Journal
IRJET- Smart Home Automation System using 8051 Micro-Controller
IRJET- Smart Home Automation System using 8051 Micro-Controller
IRJET Journal
Development of Distributed Mains Monitoring and Switching System for Indus Co...
Development of Distributed Mains Monitoring and Switching System for Indus Co...
iosrjce
IRJET- IoT based Industrial Automation
IRJET- IoT based Industrial Automation
IRJET Journal
IRJET-Smart Phone Based Robot for Domestic Purpose using Bluetooth
IRJET-Smart Phone Based Robot for Domestic Purpose using Bluetooth
IRJET Journal
More Related Content
What's hot
Thesis on Solar Based Hecto Robotic Vehicle
Thesis on Solar Based Hecto Robotic Vehicle
Akhil Reddy Rondla
102642452 infrared-remote-switch-project-report
102642452 infrared-remote-switch-project-report
isnadh
Implementation of vehicle ventilation system using NodeMCU ESP8266 for remote...
Implementation of vehicle ventilation system using NodeMCU ESP8266 for remote...
journalBEEI
Home Automation System
Home Automation System
MOHAMMAD TANVEER
Touch screen home automation
Touch screen home automation
vision2d16
"Black Box for a Car" report
"Black Box for a Car" report
subrat manna
Industrial Safety Measurement using Sensors and Voice Announcement
Industrial Safety Measurement using Sensors and Voice Announcement
Associate Professor in VSB Coimbatore
IRJET - IoT based Speed Control of DC Motor using PWM Technique
IRJET - IoT based Speed Control of DC Motor using PWM Technique
IRJET Journal
Speed and direction control of dc motor using android mobile application chan...
Speed and direction control of dc motor using android mobile application chan...
chandan kumar
Automatic irrigation system using Arduino
Automatic irrigation system using Arduino
BalajiK109
Speed control of single phase induction motor by android bluetooth
Speed control of single phase induction motor by android bluetooth
IRJET Journal
IRJET- Intelligent Security and Monitoring System for Vehicle
IRJET- Intelligent Security and Monitoring System for Vehicle
IRJET Journal
IRJET- Vehicle Black Box System using IoT
IRJET- Vehicle Black Box System using IoT
IRJET Journal
IRJET- Design and Development of Gesture Controlled Robot
IRJET- Design and Development of Gesture Controlled Robot
IRJET Journal
An automatic wave probe reference setting mechanism
An automatic wave probe reference setting mechanism
eSAT Publishing House
Presentation on home automation system
Presentation on home automation system
Namit Sood
An automatic wave probe reference setting mechanism in a high speed towing tank
An automatic wave probe reference setting mechanism in a high speed towing tank
eSAT Journals
IRJET- Fire Fighting Robotic Vehicle
IRJET- Fire Fighting Robotic Vehicle
IRJET Journal
IRJET- Smart Home Automation System using 8051 Micro-Controller
IRJET- Smart Home Automation System using 8051 Micro-Controller
IRJET Journal
Development of Distributed Mains Monitoring and Switching System for Indus Co...
Development of Distributed Mains Monitoring and Switching System for Indus Co...
iosrjce
What's hot
(20)
Thesis on Solar Based Hecto Robotic Vehicle
Thesis on Solar Based Hecto Robotic Vehicle
102642452 infrared-remote-switch-project-report
102642452 infrared-remote-switch-project-report
Implementation of vehicle ventilation system using NodeMCU ESP8266 for remote...
Implementation of vehicle ventilation system using NodeMCU ESP8266 for remote...
Home Automation System
Home Automation System
Touch screen home automation
Touch screen home automation
"Black Box for a Car" report
"Black Box for a Car" report
Industrial Safety Measurement using Sensors and Voice Announcement
Industrial Safety Measurement using Sensors and Voice Announcement
IRJET - IoT based Speed Control of DC Motor using PWM Technique
IRJET - IoT based Speed Control of DC Motor using PWM Technique
Speed and direction control of dc motor using android mobile application chan...
Speed and direction control of dc motor using android mobile application chan...
Automatic irrigation system using Arduino
Automatic irrigation system using Arduino
Speed control of single phase induction motor by android bluetooth
Speed control of single phase induction motor by android bluetooth
IRJET- Intelligent Security and Monitoring System for Vehicle
IRJET- Intelligent Security and Monitoring System for Vehicle
IRJET- Vehicle Black Box System using IoT
IRJET- Vehicle Black Box System using IoT
IRJET- Design and Development of Gesture Controlled Robot
IRJET- Design and Development of Gesture Controlled Robot
An automatic wave probe reference setting mechanism
An automatic wave probe reference setting mechanism
Presentation on home automation system
Presentation on home automation system
An automatic wave probe reference setting mechanism in a high speed towing tank
An automatic wave probe reference setting mechanism in a high speed towing tank
IRJET- Fire Fighting Robotic Vehicle
IRJET- Fire Fighting Robotic Vehicle
IRJET- Smart Home Automation System using 8051 Micro-Controller
IRJET- Smart Home Automation System using 8051 Micro-Controller
Development of Distributed Mains Monitoring and Switching System for Indus Co...
Development of Distributed Mains Monitoring and Switching System for Indus Co...
Similar to IRJET- Autonomous Adjustable Pesticide Spraying Device for Agricultural Application
IRJET- IoT based Industrial Automation
IRJET- IoT based Industrial Automation
IRJET Journal
IRJET-Smart Phone Based Robot for Domestic Purpose using Bluetooth
IRJET-Smart Phone Based Robot for Domestic Purpose using Bluetooth
IRJET Journal
IRJET- Explosive Ordinanace Disposal Robot
IRJET- Explosive Ordinanace Disposal Robot
IRJET Journal
Substation Monitoring and Control Based on Microcontroller Using IoT
Substation Monitoring and Control Based on Microcontroller Using IoT
IRJET Journal
Robotic Catching Arm using Microcontroller
Robotic Catching Arm using Microcontroller
IRJET Journal
TRANSFORMER FAULT DETECTION AND MONITORING
TRANSFORMER FAULT DETECTION AND MONITORING
IRJET Journal
IRJET- Building Monitoring using Wireless System
IRJET- Building Monitoring using Wireless System
IRJET Journal
IRJET- Industrial Safety Device for Employees in Overhead Bridge Crane us...
IRJET- Industrial Safety Device for Employees in Overhead Bridge Crane us...
IRJET Journal
STREET LIGHT THAT GLOWS ON DETECTING VEHICLE MOVEMENT
STREET LIGHT THAT GLOWS ON DETECTING VEHICLE MOVEMENT
m sivareddy
Fire Fighting Robot
Fire Fighting Robot
IRJET Journal
V01 i010403
V01 i010403
IJARBEST JOURNAL
Iaetsd autonomous pick and place rover for long distance
Iaetsd autonomous pick and place rover for long distance
Iaetsd Iaetsd
IRJET-A Comparative Study of use of the Library and the Internet as Sources o...
IRJET-A Comparative Study of use of the Library and the Internet as Sources o...
IRJET Journal
Industrial Monitoring System Using Wireless Sensor Networks
Industrial Monitoring System Using Wireless Sensor Networks
Associate Professor in VSB Coimbatore
Street light controlling using Microcontroller
Street light controlling using Microcontroller
9989476539
IRJET- Water Pump Controller using Arduino UNO
IRJET- Water Pump Controller using Arduino UNO
IRJET Journal
Robotic Vehicle with Hand Motion Control Using a RF Module
Robotic Vehicle with Hand Motion Control Using a RF Module
Associate Professor in VSB Coimbatore
Mobile robotic platform to gathering real time sensory data in wireless perso...
Mobile robotic platform to gathering real time sensory data in wireless perso...
Alexander Decker
IRJET- Design Analysis of Land Surveying Robot using Arduino UNO
IRJET- Design Analysis of Land Surveying Robot using Arduino UNO
IRJET Journal
IRJET- Low Powered Radio Frequency and PIR Sensor based Security Device
IRJET- Low Powered Radio Frequency and PIR Sensor based Security Device
IRJET Journal
Similar to IRJET- Autonomous Adjustable Pesticide Spraying Device for Agricultural Application
(20)
IRJET- IoT based Industrial Automation
IRJET- IoT based Industrial Automation
IRJET-Smart Phone Based Robot for Domestic Purpose using Bluetooth
IRJET-Smart Phone Based Robot for Domestic Purpose using Bluetooth
IRJET- Explosive Ordinanace Disposal Robot
IRJET- Explosive Ordinanace Disposal Robot
Substation Monitoring and Control Based on Microcontroller Using IoT
Substation Monitoring and Control Based on Microcontroller Using IoT
Robotic Catching Arm using Microcontroller
Robotic Catching Arm using Microcontroller
TRANSFORMER FAULT DETECTION AND MONITORING
TRANSFORMER FAULT DETECTION AND MONITORING
IRJET- Building Monitoring using Wireless System
IRJET- Building Monitoring using Wireless System
IRJET- Industrial Safety Device for Employees in Overhead Bridge Crane us...
IRJET- Industrial Safety Device for Employees in Overhead Bridge Crane us...
STREET LIGHT THAT GLOWS ON DETECTING VEHICLE MOVEMENT
STREET LIGHT THAT GLOWS ON DETECTING VEHICLE MOVEMENT
Fire Fighting Robot
Fire Fighting Robot
V01 i010403
V01 i010403
Iaetsd autonomous pick and place rover for long distance
Iaetsd autonomous pick and place rover for long distance
IRJET-A Comparative Study of use of the Library and the Internet as Sources o...
IRJET-A Comparative Study of use of the Library and the Internet as Sources o...
Industrial Monitoring System Using Wireless Sensor Networks
Industrial Monitoring System Using Wireless Sensor Networks
Street light controlling using Microcontroller
Street light controlling using Microcontroller
IRJET- Water Pump Controller using Arduino UNO
IRJET- Water Pump Controller using Arduino UNO
Robotic Vehicle with Hand Motion Control Using a RF Module
Robotic Vehicle with Hand Motion Control Using a RF Module
Mobile robotic platform to gathering real time sensory data in wireless perso...
Mobile robotic platform to gathering real time sensory data in wireless perso...
IRJET- Design Analysis of Land Surveying Robot using Arduino UNO
IRJET- Design Analysis of Land Surveying Robot using Arduino UNO
IRJET- Low Powered Radio Frequency and PIR Sensor based Security Device
IRJET- Low Powered Radio Frequency and PIR Sensor based Security Device
More from IRJET Journal
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...
IRJET Journal
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTURE
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTURE
IRJET Journal
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...
IRJET Journal
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil Characteristics
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil Characteristics
IRJET Journal
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...
IRJET Journal
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...
IRJET Journal
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...
IRJET Journal
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...
IRJET Journal
A REVIEW ON MACHINE LEARNING IN ADAS
A REVIEW ON MACHINE LEARNING IN ADAS
IRJET Journal
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...
IRJET Journal
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD Pro
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD Pro
IRJET Journal
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...
IRJET Journal
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare System
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare System
IRJET Journal
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridges
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridges
IRJET Journal
React based fullstack edtech web application
React based fullstack edtech web application
IRJET Journal
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...
IRJET Journal
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.
IRJET Journal
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...
IRJET Journal
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic Design
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic Design
IRJET Journal
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...
IRJET Journal
More from IRJET Journal
(20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTURE
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTURE
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil Characteristics
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil Characteristics
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...
A REVIEW ON MACHINE LEARNING IN ADAS
A REVIEW ON MACHINE LEARNING IN ADAS
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD Pro
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD Pro
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare System
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare System
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridges
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridges
React based fullstack edtech web application
React based fullstack edtech web application
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic Design
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic Design
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...
Recently uploaded
Oxy acetylene welding presentation note.
Oxy acetylene welding presentation note.
eptoze12
ZXCTN 5804 / ZTE PTN / ZTE POTN / ZTE 5804 PTN / ZTE POTN 5804 ( 100/200 GE Z...
ZXCTN 5804 / ZTE PTN / ZTE POTN / ZTE 5804 PTN / ZTE POTN 5804 ( 100/200 GE Z...
ZTE
(MEERA) Dapodi Call Girls Just Call 7001035870 [ Cash on Delivery ] Pune Escorts
(MEERA) Dapodi Call Girls Just Call 7001035870 [ Cash on Delivery ] Pune Escorts
ranjana rawat
Software and Systems Engineering Standards: Verification and Validation of Sy...
Software and Systems Engineering Standards: Verification and Validation of Sy...
VICTOR MAESTRE RAMIREZ
chaitra-1.pptx fake news detection using machine learning
chaitra-1.pptx fake news detection using machine learning
misbanausheenparvam
HARMONY IN THE HUMAN BEING - Unit-II UHV-2
HARMONY IN THE HUMAN BEING - Unit-II UHV-2
RajaP95
OSVC_Meta-Data based Simulation Automation to overcome Verification Challenge...
OSVC_Meta-Data based Simulation Automation to overcome Verification Challenge...
Soham Mondal
Exploring_Network_Security_with_JA3_by_Rakesh Seal.pptx
Exploring_Network_Security_with_JA3_by_Rakesh Seal.pptx
null - The Open Security Community
Sachpazis Costas: Geotechnical Engineering: A student's Perspective Introduction
Sachpazis Costas: Geotechnical Engineering: A student's Perspective Introduction
Dr.Costas Sachpazis
main PPT.pptx of girls hostel security using rfid
main PPT.pptx of girls hostel security using rfid
NikhilNagaraju
Past, Present and Future of Generative AI
Past, Present and Future of Generative AI
abhishek36461
Introduction to Microprocesso programming and interfacing.pptx
Introduction to Microprocesso programming and interfacing.pptx
vipinkmenon1
🔝9953056974🔝!!-YOUNG call girls in Rajendra Nagar Escort rvice Shot 2000 nigh...
🔝9953056974🔝!!-YOUNG call girls in Rajendra Nagar Escort rvice Shot 2000 nigh...
9953056974 Low Rate Call Girls In Saket, Delhi NCR
Model Call Girl in Narela Delhi reach out to us at 🔝8264348440🔝
Model Call Girl in Narela Delhi reach out to us at 🔝8264348440🔝
soniya singh
High Profile Call Girls Nagpur Isha Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
High Profile Call Girls Nagpur Isha Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
ranjana rawat
Gfe Mayur Vihar Call Girls Service WhatsApp -> 9999965857 Available 24x7 ^ De...
Gfe Mayur Vihar Call Girls Service WhatsApp -> 9999965857 Available 24x7 ^ De...
srsj9000
High Profile Call Girls Nagpur Meera Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
High Profile Call Girls Nagpur Meera Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
Call Girls in Nagpur High Profile
IVE Industry Focused Event - Defence Sector 2024
IVE Industry Focused Event - Defence Sector 2024
Mark Billinghurst
microprocessor 8085 and its interfacing
microprocessor 8085 and its interfacing
jaychoudhary37
Gurgaon ✡️9711147426✨Call In girls Gurgaon Sector 51 escort service
Gurgaon ✡️9711147426✨Call In girls Gurgaon Sector 51 escort service
jennyeacort
Recently uploaded
(20)
Oxy acetylene welding presentation note.
Oxy acetylene welding presentation note.
ZXCTN 5804 / ZTE PTN / ZTE POTN / ZTE 5804 PTN / ZTE POTN 5804 ( 100/200 GE Z...
ZXCTN 5804 / ZTE PTN / ZTE POTN / ZTE 5804 PTN / ZTE POTN 5804 ( 100/200 GE Z...
(MEERA) Dapodi Call Girls Just Call 7001035870 [ Cash on Delivery ] Pune Escorts
(MEERA) Dapodi Call Girls Just Call 7001035870 [ Cash on Delivery ] Pune Escorts
Software and Systems Engineering Standards: Verification and Validation of Sy...
Software and Systems Engineering Standards: Verification and Validation of Sy...
chaitra-1.pptx fake news detection using machine learning
chaitra-1.pptx fake news detection using machine learning
HARMONY IN THE HUMAN BEING - Unit-II UHV-2
HARMONY IN THE HUMAN BEING - Unit-II UHV-2
OSVC_Meta-Data based Simulation Automation to overcome Verification Challenge...
OSVC_Meta-Data based Simulation Automation to overcome Verification Challenge...
Exploring_Network_Security_with_JA3_by_Rakesh Seal.pptx
Exploring_Network_Security_with_JA3_by_Rakesh Seal.pptx
Sachpazis Costas: Geotechnical Engineering: A student's Perspective Introduction
Sachpazis Costas: Geotechnical Engineering: A student's Perspective Introduction
main PPT.pptx of girls hostel security using rfid
main PPT.pptx of girls hostel security using rfid
Past, Present and Future of Generative AI
Past, Present and Future of Generative AI
Introduction to Microprocesso programming and interfacing.pptx
Introduction to Microprocesso programming and interfacing.pptx
🔝9953056974🔝!!-YOUNG call girls in Rajendra Nagar Escort rvice Shot 2000 nigh...
🔝9953056974🔝!!-YOUNG call girls in Rajendra Nagar Escort rvice Shot 2000 nigh...
Model Call Girl in Narela Delhi reach out to us at 🔝8264348440🔝
Model Call Girl in Narela Delhi reach out to us at 🔝8264348440🔝
High Profile Call Girls Nagpur Isha Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
High Profile Call Girls Nagpur Isha Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
Gfe Mayur Vihar Call Girls Service WhatsApp -> 9999965857 Available 24x7 ^ De...
Gfe Mayur Vihar Call Girls Service WhatsApp -> 9999965857 Available 24x7 ^ De...
High Profile Call Girls Nagpur Meera Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
High Profile Call Girls Nagpur Meera Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
IVE Industry Focused Event - Defence Sector 2024
IVE Industry Focused Event - Defence Sector 2024
microprocessor 8085 and its interfacing
microprocessor 8085 and its interfacing
Gurgaon ✡️9711147426✨Call In girls Gurgaon Sector 51 escort service
Gurgaon ✡️9711147426✨Call In girls Gurgaon Sector 51 escort service
IRJET- Autonomous Adjustable Pesticide Spraying Device for Agricultural Application
1.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 4572 Autonomous Adjustable Pesticide Spraying Device for Agricultural Application Mr.J.Rajesh1,Mr.R.Dinesh2, Mr.S.Gowtham3, Mr.K.Iniyavan4 1Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics, Prathyusha Engineering College, T.N. India 2Department of Electrical and Electronics, Prathyusha Engineering College, T.N. India 3Department of Electrical and Electronics, Prathyusha Engineering College, T.N. India 4Department of Electrical and Electronics, Prathyusha Engineering College, T.N. India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - This paper presents the development of a smart sensor based environmentmonitoringsystem,in remotevillages especially for crop fields. Basically, it is difficult to monitor the environment, weather all the time, so we proposed this project in Crop field, to monitor the weather and any environment changes using IOT which having some sensors like Temperature sensor, Moisture sensor, humidity which measures respective parameters throughout theday.Andalsoparametersmeasured by sensors are sent through IOT. Using measured parameters we can detect and prevent from diseases by sprayingpesticides. Key Words: IoT, Monitoring,Spraying,Imageprocessing, Controlling. 1. INTRODUCTION Beginning with the quote “SAVE THE AGRICULTURE”, main factor of agriculture is to predict the climatic changes, here we are using IOT for monitoring the weather as well as atmospheric changes throughout the crop field by having several systems in different fields as clients, which is getting reported every time to the server, about the current atmospheric change at that every certain place. So the watering and pesticides can be served based on the conditions of the field. Camera that captured image is processed then identified the disease affected plants and then pesticides to be sprayed. In this system we are using Raspberry Pi to control the operation of the system. We use small tank in that we add pesticide and place motor to spray. Whenever the sensors detect the diseased plant, the signal is given to Raspberry Pi and it will turn on the motor and start to spray. By making some modification we can use for other applications also. 1.1 FEATURES 1. It can moves in forward direction. 2. It can moves in reverse direction. 3. It can suddenly turn right or left side direction. 4. It can even move sprayer up or down. 1.2 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION 1. It operates on 9Vdc. 2. Low power consumption of 25 milli ampere current. 3. Operating Voltage of Raspberry Pi module 3Vor 5Vdc. 4. Operating frequency of Raspberry Pi module 400 MHz 1.3 HARDWARE 1. Robot module. 2. Monitoring system. 1.4 SOFTWARE 1.Python Program 2. BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION The block diagram of proposed system is shown below. Fig 2.1 Block diagram This block diagram consist of Camera, Temperature & Humidity (DHT 11) sensor, Ultrasonic sensor, Sprayer, Motor drive (L293D) and Raspberry Pi Kit the descriptionof each block is given in following subsections. CAMERA: A Webcam is a video camera that feeds or streams its image in real time to or through a computer to a computer network. When “captured” by the cam,thevideostream may be saved, viewed or sent on to other network travelling through systems such as the internet, and wifi as an attachment. When send to remote location, thevideostream may be saved, viewed or on sent there. Unlike an IP camera (which connects using Ethernet or wifi), a webcam is generally connected by a USB cable, or similar cable, or built into computer hardware, such as laptops.
2.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 4573 TEMPERATURE & HUMIDITY (DHT 11): The DHT 11 Temperature and Humidity sensor features a calibrated digital signal output. It is integrated with a high performance 8-bit microprocessor. It ensure that high reliability and long term stability. This sensor includes a resistive element and a sensor for wet NTC temperature measuring devices. It has excellent quality, fast response, anti-interference ability and high performance. Each DHT 11 sensor features extremely accurate calibration of humidity chamber.Thecalibrationcoefficients stored in the OTP program memory, internal sensors detect signals in the process, and we should call these calibration coefficients. The single wire serial interface system integrated to become quick and easy. In Small size, low power, signal transmission distance up to 20 meters, enabling a variety of applications and even the most demanding ones. The product is 3-pin single row pin package. It has supply voltage of 5V, Temperaturerangeis0- 50 C and Humidity ranges from 20-90% RH and it hasdigital interface. ULTRASONIC SENSOR: The Ultrasonic sensors measure distance by using ultrasonic waves. The sensor head emits an ultrasonic wave and receives the waves reflected back from the target. Ultrasonic sensors measure the distance to the target by measuring the time between the emission and reception. An optical sensor has a transmitter and receiver, whereas ultrasonic sensor uses a single ultrasonic element for both emission and reception. In a reflective model ultrasonic sensor, a single oscillator emits and receives ultrasonic waves alternatively. This enables miniaturization of the sensor head. The distance can be calculated with the formula: Distance L=1/2 * T * C Where L is the distance, T is the time between emission and reception, C is the sonic speed. (The value is multiplied by ½ because T is the time for go and return distance). It has features such as Transparent objectdetectable,Resistanceto mist and dust, Complex shaped objects detectable. SPRAYER: Spray module consists of a spray head, pumps, relays, Servos, screw adjustable rod and DC machine. An ordinary DC motor using L293D high-power motor drive circuit. Sprayer is mounted in a vertical adjustable rod tothe driven by the DC motor to rotate the screw may be moved up and down to control the spray platform. MOTOR DRIVE L293D: L293D is a typical motor driver or motor driver IC which allows DC motor to drive on either direction. L293D is a 16- pin IC which can control a set of two DC motors simultaneously in any direction. It means that you can control two DC motor with a single L293D IC. Dual H-bridge motor drive integrated circuit(IC). The L293D can drive small and quiet big motors as well, check the voltage specification. There are 4 input pins for l293d, pin 2, 7 on the left and pin 15, 10 on the right side of IC. Left input pins will regulate the rotation of motor connected across left side and right input for motor on the right hand side. The motors are rotated on the basis of the inputs provided across the input pins as LOGIC 0 or LOGIC1. VCC is the voltage that it needs for its own internal operation 5v; l293d will not use this voltage for driving the motor. For driving the motors it has a separate provision to provide motor supply VSS (V supply). L293D will use this to drive the motor. It means if you want to operate a motor at 9v then you need to provide a supply of 9v across VSS motor supply. The maximum voltage for VSS motor supplyis36v.It can supply a max current of 600mA per channel. Since it can drive motor up to 36v hence you can drive pretty big motors with this l293d. VCC pin 16 is the voltage for its owninternal operation. The maximum voltage ranges from 5v and upto 36v. RASPBERRY PI KIT: Raspberry pi board is a miniature marvel, packing considerable computing power into a footprint no larger than a credit card. It’s capable of some amazing things, but there are a few things you’re going to need to know before you plunge head-first into the bramble patch. The Raspberry Pi Compute Module (CM1), Compute Module 3 (CM3) and Compute Module 3 Lite (CM3L) are DDR2-SODIMM-mechanically-compatible System on Modules (SoMs) containing processor,memory, eMMCFlash (for CM1 and CM3) and supporting power circuitry. These modules allow a designer to leverage the Raspberry Pi hardware and software stack in their own custom systems and form factors. In addition these module have extra IO interfaces over and above what isavailableontheRaspberry Pi model A/B boards opening up more options for the designer. The CM1 contains a BCM2835 processor (as used on the original Raspberry Pi and Raspberry Pi B+ models), 512MByte LPDDR2 RAM and 4Gbytes eMMC Flash.TheCM3 contains a BCM2837 processor (as used on the Raspberry Pi 3), 1Gbyte LPDDR2 RAM and 4Gbytes eMMC Flash. Finally the CM3L product is the same as CM3excepttheeMMCFlash is not suit, and the SD/eMMC interface pins are available for the user to connect their own SD/eMMCdevice.Notethatthe BCM2837 processor is an evolution of the BCM2835 processor. The only real differences are that the BCM2837 can address more RAM (up to 1Gbyte) and the ARM CPU complex has been upgraded from a single core ARM11 in BCM2835 to a Quad core Cortex A53 with dedicated 512Kbyte L2 cache in BCM2837. All IO interfaces and peripherals stay the same and hence the two chips are largely software and hardware compatible. The pin out of
3.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 4574 CM1 and CM3 are identical. Apart from the CPU upgradeand increase in RAM the other significant hardware differences to be aware of are that CM3 has grown from 30mm to 31mm in height, the VBAT supply can now draw significantly more power under heavy CPU load, and the HDMI HPD N 1V8 (GPIO46 1V8 on CM1) and EMMC EN N 1V8 (GPIO47 1V8 on CM1) are now driven from an IO expander rather than the processor. If a designer of a CM1 product has a suitably specified VBAT, can accommodate the extra 1mm module height increase and has followed the design rules with respect to GPIO46 1V8 and GPIO47 1V8 then a CM3 should work in a board designed for a CM1. It is low in cost, reliable, low power consumption. Operating voltage is 3Vdc or 5Vdc. 3. METHODOLOGY AND TESTING Digital Image: A digital remotely sensed image is typically composed of picture elements (pixels) located at the intersection of each row i and column j in each K bands of imagery. Associated with each pixel is a number known as Digital Number (DN) or Brightness Value (BV) thatdepictstheaverageradianceof a relatively small area within a scene. A smaller number indicates low average radiance from the area and the high number is an indicator of high radiant propertiesofthearea. The size of this area effects the reproduction of details within the scene. As pixel size is reducedmorescenedetail is presented in digital representation. Image Enhancement Techniques: Image enhancement techniques improve the qualityof an image as perceived by a human. These techniques are most useful because many satellite images when examined on a colour display give inadequate information for image interpretation. There is no conscious effort to improve the fidelity of the image with regard to some ideal form of the image. There exists a wide variety of techniques for improving image quality. The contrast stretch, density slicing, edge enhancement, and spatial filtering arethemore commonly used techniques. Image enhancement is attempted after the image is corrected for geometric and radiometric distortions. Image enhancement methods are applied separately to each band of a multispectral image. Digital techniques have been found to be most satisfactory than the photographic technique for image enhancement, because of the precision and wide variety of digital processes. Contrast Enhancement: Contrast enhancement techniques expand the range of brightness values in an image so that the image can be efficiently displayed in a manner desired by the analyst. The density values in a scene are literally pulled farther apart, that is, expanded over a greater range. The effect is to increase the visual contrast between two areas of different uniform densities. This enables the analyst to discriminate easily between areas initially having a small difference in density. Linear Contrast Stretch: This is the simplest contrast stretch algorithm. The grey values in the original image and the modified image follow a linear relation in this algorithm. A density numberinthelow range of the original histogram is assigned to extremely black and a value at the high end is assigned to extremely white. The remaining pixel values are distributed linearly between these extremes. The features or details that were obscure on the original image will be clear in the contrast stretched image. Linear contrast stretch operation can be represented graphically. To provide optimal contrast and colour variation in colour composites thesmall rangeofgrey values in each band is stretched to the full brightness range of the output or display unit. Non-Linear Contrast Enhancement: In these methods, the input and output data values follow a non-linear transformation. The general form of the non- linear contrast enhancement is defined by y = f (x), where x is the input data value and y is the output data value. The non-linear contrast enhancement techniques have been found to be useful for enhancingthecolourcontrast between the nearly classes and subclasses of a main class. A type of non linear contrast stretch involves scaling the input data logarithmically. This enhancement has greatest impact on the brightness values found in the darker part of histogram. It could be reversed to enhance values in brighter part of histogram by scaling the input data using an inverse log function. Histogram equalization is another non-linear contrast enhancement technique. In this technique, histogram of the original image is redistributed to produce a uniform population density. This is obtained by grouping certain adjacent grey values. Thus the number of grey levels in the enhanced image is less than the number of grey levels in the original image. Linear Edge Enhancement: A straightforward method of extracting edges in remotely sensed imagery is the application of a directional first- difference algorithm and approximates the first derivative between two adjacent pixels. The algorithm produces the first difference of the image input in the horizontal, vertical, and diagonal directions. The Laplacian operator generally highlights point, lines, and edges in the image and suppresses uniform and smoothly varying regions. Human vision physiological
4.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 4575 research suggests that we see objects in much thesameway. Hence, the use of this operation has a more natural look than many of the other edge-enhanced images. Band ratioing: Sometimes differences in brightnessvaluesfromidentical surface materials are caused by topographic slope and aspect, shadows, or seasonal changes sunlight illumination angle and intensity. These conditions may hamper the ability of an interpreter orclassificationalgorithmtoidentify correctly surface materials or land use in a remotely sensed image. Fortunately, ratio transformations of the remotely sensed data can, in certain instances, be applied to reduce the effects of such environmental conditions. In addition to minimizing the effects of environmental factors, ratios may also provide unique information not available in any single band that is useful for discriminating between soils and vegetation. Training data: Training fields are areas of known identity delineated on the digital image, usually by specifying the corner pointsofa rectangular or polygonal area using line and column numbers within the coordinate system of the digital image. The analyst must, of course, know the correct class for each area. Usually the analyst begins by assembling maps and aerial photographs of the area to be classified. Specific training areas are identified for each informational category following the guidelines outlined below. The objective is to identify a set of pixels that accurately represents spectral variation present within each information region Select the Appropriate Classification Algorithm Various supervised classification algorithms may be used to assign an unknown pixel to one of a number of classes. The choice of a particular classifier or decision rule depends on the nature of the input data and the desired output. Parametric classification algorithms assume that the observed measurement vectors Xc for each class in each spectral band during the training phase of the supervised classification are Gaussian in nature; that is, they are normally distributed. Nonparametric classification algorithms make no such assumption. Among the most frequently used classification algorithms are the parallelepiped, minimum distance, andmaximumlikelihood decision rules. Parallelepiped Classification Algorithm This is a widely used decision rule based on simple Boolean “and/or” logic. Training data in n spectral bandsare used in performing the classification.Brightnessvaluesfrom each pixel of the multispectral imagery are used to produce an n-dimensional mean vector, Mc = (µck1, µc2, µc3, ... µcn) with µck being the mean value of the training data obtained for class c in band k out of m possible classes, as previously defined. Sck is the standard deviation of the training data class c of band k out of m possible classes. The decision boundaries form an n-dimensional parallelepiped in feature space. If the pixel value lies above the lower threshold and below the high threshold for all n bands evaluated, it is assigned to an unclassified category. Although it is only possible to analyze visually up to three dimensions, as described in the section oncomputergraphic feature analysis, it is possible to create an n-dimensional parallelepiped for classification purposes. The parallelepiped algorithm is a computationally efficient method of classifying remote sensor data. Unfortunately, because some parallelepipeds overlap, it is possible that an unknown candidate pixel might satisfy the criteria of more than one class. In such cases it is usually assigned to the first class for which it meets all criteria. A more elegant solution is to take this pixel that can be assigned to more than one class andusea minimumdistance to means decision rule to assign it to just one class. Minimum Distance to Means Classification Algorithm This decision ruleiscomputationallysimpleandcommonly used. When used properly it can result in classification accuracy comparable to other more computationally intensive algorithms, such as the maximum likelihood algorithm. Like the parallelepipedalgorithm,itrequiresthat the user provide the mean vectors for each class in each hand µck from the training data. To perform a minimum distance classification,a programmustcalculatethedistance to each mean vector, µck from each unknown pixel (BVijk). It is possible to calculate this distance using Euclidean distance based on the Pythagorean theorem. The computation of the Euclidean distance from point to the mean of Class-1 measured in band relies on the equation Dist = SQRT{ (BVijk - µck ) 2 + (BVijl - µcl) 2} Where µck and µcl represent the mean vectors for class c measured in bands k and l. Many minimum-distance algorithms let the analyst specify a distance or threshold from the classmeansbeyondwhicha pixel will not be assigned to a category even though it is nearest to the mean of that category. Maximum Likelihood Classification Algorithm The maximum likelihood decision rule assigns each pixel having pattern measurements or features X to the class c whose units are most probable or likely to have given rise to feature vector x. It assumes that the training data statistics for each class in each band are normally distributed, that is, Gaussian. In other words, training data with bi-or trimodal histograms in a single band are not ideal. In such cases, the individual modes probably represent individual classesthat should be trained upon individually and labeled as separate
5.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 4576 classes. This would then produce uni-modal, Gaussian training class statistics that would fulfill the normal distribution requirement. The Bayes’s decision rule is identical to the maximum likelihood decision rule that it does not assume that each class has equal probabilities. A priori probabilities have been used successfully as a way of incorporating the effects of relief and other terrain characteristics in improving classification accuracy. ThemaximumlikelihoodandBayes’s classification require many more computations per pixel than either the parallelepiped or minimum-distance classification algorithms. They do not always produce superior results. Classification Accuracy Assessment Quantitatively assessing classification accuracy requires the collection of some in situ data or a priori knowledge about some parts of the terrain which can then be compared with the remote sensing derived classification map. Thus to assess classification accuracy it is necessary to comparetwo classification maps 1) the remote sensing derived map, and 2) assumed true map (in fact it may containsomeerror).The assumed true map may be derived from in situ investigation or quite often from the interpretation of remotely sensed data obtained at a larger scale or higher resolution. Classification Error Matrix One of the most common means of expressing classification accuracy is the preparation of classification error matrix sometimes called confusion or a contingency table. Error matrices compare on a category by category basis, the relationship between known reference data (ground truth) and the corresponding resultsofanautomatedclassification. Such matrices are square, with the number of rows and columns equal to the number of categories whose classification accuracy is being assessed. Table 1 is an error matrix, an image analyst has prepared to determine how well a Classification has categorized a representative subset of pixels used in the training process of a supervised classification.Thismatrixstemsfromclassifyingthesampled training set pixels and listing the knowncovertypesusedfor training (columns) versus the Pixels actually classified into each land cover category by the classifier (rows). Producer’s Accuracy Users Accuracy W=480/480 = 100% W= 480/485 = 99% S = 052/068 = 16% S = 052/072 = 72% F = 313/356 = 88% F = 313/352 = 87% U =126/241l = 51% U = 126/147= 99% C =342/402 = 85% C = 342/459 = 74% H = 359/438 = 82% H = 359/481 = 75% Overall accuracy = (480 + 52 + 313+ 126+ 342 +359)/1992 = 84% W, water; S, sand; F, forest; U, urban; C, corn; H, hay Similarly data can be taken for plant only and image processes is done and train the specific or all kind of plants in module. This data can be storedindatabaseasa reference. Thus the camera capture image is processed digital by following methodology as mentioned above. 4. WORKING OF AUTONOMOUS PESTICIDE SPRAYER In this project, whenever our atmospheric condition changes sensors connected to Raspberry Pi sense and monitor weather throughout the day. If temperature becomes low and humidity is morethanrobotstartstomove in crop field. The supply is given to motor by DC battery. According to logic programmed in L293D motor drive give commands to robot (Forward, Backward, Left Turn, Right Turn).When an plant or object is detected by using ultrasonic sensor(within 50cm). If it is detectedthenitgives trip signal to motor drive and motor gets stop. The Camera connected to Raspberry Pi will capture image and it will undergoing digital image processing. If plant is seem to be
6.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 4577 affected then this information is shared to L293D, the servomotor connected to L293D will turn on pesticide sprayer and its sprays. After completion of spraying robot turns and go to next plant and starts image processing. When a plant is not affected by diseases then sprayer will not operate. The overall setup is shown in figure below: Fig 4.1 Prototype Model 5. CONCLUSION According to this system, irrigation system becomes more autonomous with quick transmission of data by using IOT. The main advantage in IOT is, even when clients are not in the node network, data will be sent, whenever a client is connected with that node, they can able to see the data which has been sent already. So they can able to analyze the atmospheric change throughout every day and improve the crop production. It also reduces the usage of pesticides upto 30-40%. REFERENCES [1] S. I. Cho and N. H. Ki, “Autonomous speed sprayer guidance using machine vision and fuzzylogic,”Trans.Amer. Soc. Agricult. Eng., vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 1137–1144, 1999. [2] S. Dasgupta, C. Meisner, D. Wheeler, K. Xuyen, and N. T. Lam, “Pesticide poisoning of farm workers—Implications of blood test results from Vietnam,” Int. J. Hygiene Environ. Health, vol. 210, no. 2, pp. 121–132, 2007. [3] W. J. Rogan and A. Chen, “Health risks and benefits of bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane(DDT),” Lancet, vol. 366, no. 9787, pp. 763–773, 2005. [4] S. H. Swan et al., “Semen quality in relation to biomarkers of pesticide exposure,” Environ. Health Perspect., vol. 111, no. 12, pp. 1478–1484, 2003. [5]. Y. Guan, D. Chen, K. He, Y. Liu, and L. Li, “Review on research and application of variable rate spray in agriculture,” in Proc. IEEE 10th Conf. Ind. Electron. Appl. (ICIEA), Jun. 2015. [6]. M. Pérez-Ruiz et al., “Highlights and preliminary results for autonomous crop protection,” Comput. Electron. Agricult., vol. 110, pp. 150–161, Jan. 2015. [7]. A. Mandow, J. M. Gomez-de-Gabriel, J. L. Martinez, V. F. Munoz, A. Ollero, and A. Garcia-Cerezo, “The autonomous mobile robot AURORA for greenhouse operation,” IEEE Robot. Autom. Mag., vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 18–28, Dec. 1996.
Download now