Natural resources are depleting worldwide while at the same time the generated wastes from the industry are increasing substantially. The sustainable development for construction involves the use of nonconventional and innovative materials, and recycling of waste materials in order to compensate the lack of natural resources and to find alternative ways conserving the environment. So, this paper presents the results of an experimental investigation carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties of concrete mixtures in which fine aggregate sand was replaced with Copper Slag. The fine aggregates sand was replaced with percentages 0 for the control mixture , 10 , 20 , 30 , 40 , 50 , 60 , 80 , and 100 of Copper Slag by weight. Tests were performed for properties of fresh concrete and Hardened Concrete. Compressive strength and Flexural strength were determined at 7, 28 and 56days. The results indicate that workability increases with increase in Copper Slag percentage. Test results indicate significant improvement in the strength properties of plain concrete by the inclusion of up to 80 Copper slag as replacement of fine aggregate sand , and can be effectively used in structural concrete. Also as percentage of Copper Slag increased the density of concrete increased. The workability of concrete increased with increase in percentage of copper slag. Toughness of copper slag is found to be more, which increases the compressive and flexural strength of concrete. Achal Jain | Nitin Thakur "To Study the Properties of Concrete with Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregates through Copper Slag and Coarse Aggregates by Recycled Aggregates" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd28104.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/28104/to-study-the-properties-of-concrete-with-partial-replacement-of-fine-aggregates-through-copper-slag-and-coarse-aggregates-by-recycled-aggregates/achal-jain

1. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development
Volume 3 Issue 6, October 2019
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD28
To Study the
Partial Replacement o
Copper Slag and Coarse Aggregates
1M.Tech Student,
1,2Department of Civil Engineering
ABSTRACT
Natural resources are depleting worldwide while at the same time the
generated wastes from the industry are increasing substantially. The
sustainable development for construction
nonconventional and innovative materials, and recycling of waste materials
in order to compensate the lack of natural resources and to find alternative
ways conserving the environment. So, this paper presents the results of an
experimental investigation carried out to evaluate the mechanical
properties of concrete mixtures in which fine aggregate (sand) was
replaced with Copper Slag. The fine aggregates (sand) was replaced with
percentages 0% (for the control mixture), 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%
60%, 80%, and 100% of Copper Slag by weight. Tests were performed for
properties of fresh concrete and Hardened Concrete. Compressive strength
and Flexural strength were determined at 7, 28 and 56days. The results
indicate that workability increases with increase in Copper Slag percentage.
Test results indicate significant improvement in the strength properties of
plain concrete by the inclusion of up to 80% Copper slag as replacement of
fine aggregate (sand), and can be effectively used in structura
Also as percentage of Copper Slag increased the density of concrete
increased. The workability of concrete increased with increase in
percentage of copper slag. Toughness of copper slag is found to be more,
which increases the compressive and flexural strength of concrete.
KEYWORDS: Copper Slag, Concrete, Compressive strength, Fine Aggregate,
Flexural strength, Replacement etc
INTRODUCTION
One of the main development elementis concrete
comprising of cementitious substances, f
coarse aggregate also, water. Presently days the cost of
these materials are expanded in this way, we have to
analyze an approach to diminish the building materials
cost particularly concrete. One of the ongoing headway in
development industry is substitution of materials in
concrete. The substitution of materials offers cost
decrease, vitality funds and security of condition
[1].Concrete is one of the real upsets ever of. Many
surprising landmarks were manufactured utilizing
concrete. Be that as it may, now daily in the present
situation the regular assets are being depleted to
manufacture the concrete wilderness. Prior to common
assets are totally exhausted, it is smarter to pick other
elective assets for binder, fine aggregate and coarse
aggregate [4].
Green or natural concrete is an idea to utilize ecological
accommodating elements in concrete, to form a
framework more supportable. The natural concrete is all
the time and furthermore shabby to create, on the grounds
that for instance, waster items are utilized as a fractional
substitute1for aggregates and cement, charges for the
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development
2019 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e
28104 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 6 | September -
the Properties of Concrete with
Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregates through
Coarse Aggregates by Recycled Aggregates
Achal Jain1, Nitin Thakur2
M.Tech Student, 2
Assistant Professor
f Civil Engineering, OM Institute of Technology and Management, Hisar
Natural resources are depleting worldwide while at the same time the
generated wastes from the industry are increasing substantially. The
sustainable development for construction involves the use of
nonconventional and innovative materials, and recycling of waste materials
in order to compensate the lack of natural resources and to find alternative
ways conserving the environment. So, this paper presents the results of an
tal investigation carried out to evaluate the mechanical
properties of concrete mixtures in which fine aggregate (sand) was
replaced with Copper Slag. The fine aggregates (sand) was replaced with
percentages 0% (for the control mixture), 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%,
60%, 80%, and 100% of Copper Slag by weight. Tests were performed for
properties of fresh concrete and Hardened Concrete. Compressive strength
and Flexural strength were determined at 7, 28 and 56days. The results
with increase in Copper Slag percentage.
Test results indicate significant improvement in the strength properties of
plain concrete by the inclusion of up to 80% Copper slag as replacement of
fine aggregate (sand), and can be effectively used in structural concrete.
Also as percentage of Copper Slag increased the density of concrete
increased. The workability of concrete increased with increase in
percentage of copper slag. Toughness of copper slag is found to be more,
lexural strength of concrete.
Copper Slag, Concrete, Compressive strength, Fine Aggregate,
How to cite this paper
Thakur "To Study the Properties of
Concrete with Partial Replacement of
Fine Aggregates through Copper Slag
and Coarse Aggregates by Recycled
Aggregates"
Published in
International
Journal of Trend in
Scientific Research
and Development
(ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456
6470, Volume
Issue-6, October 2019, pp.287
https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2
8104.pdf
Copyright © 2019 by author(s) and
International Journal of Trend in
Scientific Research and Development
Journal. This is an Open Access article
distributed
the terms of the
Creative Commons
Attribution License (CC BY 4.0)
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/
by/4.0)
One of the main development elementis concrete
comprising of cementitious substances, fine aggregate,
coarse aggregate also, water. Presently days the cost of
these materials are expanded in this way, we have to
analyze an approach to diminish the building materials
cost particularly concrete. One of the ongoing headway in
ry is substitution of materials in
concrete. The substitution of materials offers cost
decrease, vitality funds and security of condition
.Concrete is one of the real upsets ever of. Many
surprising landmarks were manufactured utilizing
t as it may, now daily in the present
situation the regular assets are being depleted to
manufacture the concrete wilderness. Prior to common
assets are totally exhausted, it is smarter to pick other
elective assets for binder, fine aggregate and coarse
Green or natural concrete is an idea to utilize ecological
accommodating elements in concrete, to form a
framework more supportable. The natural concrete is all
the time and furthermore shabby to create, on the grounds
ter items are utilized as a fractional
for aggregates and cement, charges for the
transfer of waste are maintained a strategic distance from,
vitality utilization underway is lower, and toughness is
more
noteworthy. This solid ought not to
shading. Waste could be1used to deliver new products or
could also be used as admixtures with the goal that regular
assets are constrained and use more efficiently
nature is shielded from squander stores. Inorganic
remaining items like stone residue, smashed marble
squander are utilized as green totals in concrete. This task
outlines the different endeavors’ in progress to enhance
the ecological invitingness of cement to make
appropriate as a "Green Building" material
The Portland Pozzolona cement (PPC)
significant fixings utilized for the arrangement of concrete.
Shockingly, generation of cements prompts discharge of a
lot of CO2 gas into1the air, a not
greenhouse impact and the worldwide warming. Hence it
is required either to mission for another material or
somewhat supplant it by1some other material. Conveying
concrete in huge aggregate in assembling plants
particularly impacts the greenhouse gasses release
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD)
e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470
October 2019 Page 287
with
through
y Recycled Aggregates
nd Management, Hisar, Haryana, India
How to cite this paper: Achal Jain | Nitin
"To Study the Properties of
Concrete with Partial Replacement of
Fine Aggregates through Copper Slag
and Coarse Aggregates by Recycled
Aggregates"
Published in
International
Journal of Trend in
Scientific Research
and Development
(ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-
, Volume-3 |
6, October 2019, pp.287-292, URL:
https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2
Copyright © 2019 by author(s) and
International Journal of Trend in
Scientific Research and Development
Journal. This is an Open Access article
distributed under
the terms of the
Creative Commons
Attribution License (CC BY 4.0)
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/
transfer of waste are maintained a strategic distance from,
vitality utilization underway is lower, and toughness is
noteworthy. This solid ought not to be mistaken for its
used to deliver new products or
could also be used as admixtures with the goal that regular
assets are constrained and use more efficiently also the
shielded from squander stores. Inorganic
remaining items like stone residue, smashed marble
squander are utilized as green totals in concrete. This task
outlines the different endeavors’ in progress to enhance
the ecological invitingness of cement to make it
appropriate as a "Green Building" material[5].
Portland Pozzolona cement (PPC) is one of the
significant fixings utilized for the arrangement of concrete.
Shockingly, generation of cements prompts discharge of a
the air, a noteworthy benefactor for
greenhouse impact and the worldwide warming. Hence it
is required either to mission for another material or
some other material. Conveying
concrete in huge aggregate in assembling plants
he greenhouse gasses release [2].
IJTSRD28104

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There are numerous elective assets like fly ash, marble
powder, GGBS, reused aggregates and so on. In this setting
it's smarter to pick the locally accessible materials for
substitution [4].
On the other sides, the utilization of sand in development
results in exorbitant sand mining which is frightful.
Because of quick development in development action, the
accessible wellsprings of natural sand are getting
depleted. Likewise, great quality sand may must be
transported from long separation, which adds to the cost
of development. Along these lines, it is important to
supplant normal sand in concrete by a substitute material
either somewhat or totally without bargaining the quality
of concrete [3].
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
1. To calculate the Optimum content of copper
concrete.
2. To find out the values of strength properties like
flexural strength, Split tensile strength, and
WORKABILITY OF CONCRETE
The1workability of the concrete mix was
workability1of concrete. The slump va1ues are provided in table 4.l.
Designation
M-
M-
M-
M-
M-
M-
M-
M-
M-
M-
M-10
M-11
M-12
M-13
M-14
M-15
Figure: Workability of Concrete by using Copper Slag only
50
55
60
65
M-0
Workability of Concrete
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com
28104 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 6 | September -
There are numerous elective assets like fly ash, marble
powder, GGBS, reused aggregates and so on. In this setting
it's smarter to pick the locally accessible materials for
ation of sand in development
results in exorbitant sand mining which is frightful.
Because of quick development in development action, the
accessible wellsprings of natural sand are getting
depleted. Likewise, great quality sand may must be
m long separation, which adds to the cost
of development. Along these lines, it is important to
supplant normal sand in concrete by a substitute material
either somewhat or totally without bargaining the quality
culate the Optimum content of copper5slag in
To find out the values of strength properties like
flexural strength, Split tensile strength, and
compressive strength of the concrete having recycled
aggregates and Copper slag
3. To find out some fresh characteristics of the concrete.
FUTURE SCOPE OF THE STUDY
For further research and further study, copper slag could
be used in a form of cement replacing element, and the
scope for the same could be analysed extensively in the
future. Other wasted resou
concrete.
EXPERIMENTAL WORK
GENERAL
Here in this section, the analysis of outcomes of the
different tests discussed in the
concrete sample is done. This analysis depends on the
different values of the S
compressive1strength test, of the
consisting of1recycled coarse aggregates and Copper slag.
workability of the concrete mix was1measured by slump test. The slump1test was used to measure
of concrete. The slump va1ues are provided in table 4.l.
Table: Workability of1Concrete
Designation Mix Slump in mm
-0 Control 62
-1 10 % CS 59
-2 20 % CS 58
-3 30 % CS 54
-4 10 % RCA 60
-5 20 % RCA 59
-6 30 % RCA 57
-7 10 % CS + 10 % RCA 58
-8 10 % CS + 20 % RCA 54
-9 10 % CS + 30 % RCA 49
10 20 % CS + 10 % RCA 54
11 20 % CS + 20 % RCA 52
12 20 % CS + 30 % RCA 46
13 30 % CS + 10 % RCA 51
14 30 % CS + 20 % RCA 48
15 30 % CS + 30 % RCA 42
Figure: Workability of Concrete by using Copper Slag only
M-1 M-2 M-3
Workability of Concrete
www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
October 2019 Page 288
compressive strength of the concrete having recycled
aggregates and Copper slag
characteristics of the concrete.
FUTURE SCOPE OF THE STUDY
For further research and further study, copper slag could
be used in a form of cement replacing element, and the
scope for the same could be analysed extensively in the
future. Other wasted resources can also be utilized in
Here in this section, the analysis of outcomes of the
different tests discussed in the1previous chapter1on the
concrete sample is done. This analysis depends on the
different values of the Split tensile1strength and
strength test, of the1concrete sample
recycled coarse aggregates and Copper slag.
test was used to measure1the
Slump

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Figure: Workability
Figure: Workability of Concrete by using 20 % Copper Slag and 10 to 30 % Recycled aggregates
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TEST
The concrete strength depends on various aspects like the cement type, quality or proportion of copper slag, recycled
aggregates and curing temperature. The compressive
test1was performed confirming to IS1516-
Table: Compressive
Designation
M-
M-
M-
M-
M-
M-
M-
M-
M-
M-
M-10
M-11
M-12
M-13
M-14
M-15
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
M-0
Workability of Concrete
0
20
40
60
80
M-0
Workability of Concrete
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28104 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 6 | September -
Workability1of Concrete1by using recycled aggregates only
Workability of Concrete by using 20 % Copper Slag and 10 to 30 % Recycled aggregates
The concrete strength depends on various aspects like the cement type, quality or proportion of copper slag, recycled
aggregates and curing temperature. The compressive1strength results are given in1Table 4.2. Compressive
-1959 to achieve the test results for concrete at the age of 7 and
Table: Compressive1strength of Concrete cubes
Designation Mix
Compressive1strength
7 Days 28 Days
-0 Control 17.78 28.2
-1 10 % CS 18.55 30.52
-2 20 % CS 19.85 32.6
-3 30 % CS 22 35.2
-4 10 % RCA 17.40 27.57
-5 20 % RCA 16.75 26.52
-6 30 % RCA 15.68 24.67
-7
10 % CS
10 % RCA
18.18 29.8
-8
10 % CS
20 % RCA
17.48 28.30
-9
10 % CS
30 % RCA
16.57 27.35
10
20 % CS
10 % RCA
19.18 32.1
11
20 % CS
20 % RCA
18.56 30.2
12
20 % CS
30 % RCA
17.51 29.05
13
30 % CS
10 % RCA
21.3 33.95
14
30 % CS
20 % RCA
20.42 32.6
15
30 % CS
30 % RCA
19.12 31.45
M-4 M-5 M-6
Workability of Concrete
M-13 M-14 M-15
Workability of Concrete
www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
October 2019 Page 289
by using recycled aggregates only
Workability of Concrete by using 20 % Copper Slag and 10 to 30 % Recycled aggregates
The concrete strength depends on various aspects like the cement type, quality or proportion of copper slag, recycled
Table 4.2. Compressive1strength
1959 to achieve the test results for concrete at the age of 7 and128 days.
Slump
Slump

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Figure: Compressive strength of Concrete by using Copper Slag only
Figure: Compressive strength of Concrete by using recycled aggregates only
SPLIT TENSILE1STRENGTH TEST
The1split tensile1strength examination was performed to confirm to IS 516
aged 7 days and 28 days. A Compression1
outcomes are displayed in table 4.3.
Table: Split
Designation
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M-
M-
M-
M-
M-
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
M-0
Compressivestrength
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
M-0
Compressivestrength
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28104 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 6 | September -
Compressive strength of Concrete by using Copper Slag only
Compressive strength of Concrete by using recycled aggregates only
strength examination was performed to confirm to IS 516-1959 so as to achieve the value of concrete
1Testing1Machine (CTM), of 1000Kn capacity was1
Table: Split1tensile strength1of Concrete cubes
Designation Mix
Split tensile strength
7 Days 28 Days
M-0 Control 1.564 2.538
M-1 10 % CS 1.635 2.687
M-2 20 % CS 1.782 2.983
M-3 30 % CS 1.859 3.395
M-4 10 % RCA 1.392 2.237
M-5 20 % RCA 1.340 2.135
M-6 30 % RCA 1.254 2.098
M-7
10 % CS
10 % RCA
1.549 2.415
M-8
10 % CS
20 % RCA
1.487 2.343
M-9
10 % CS
30 % RCA
1.356 2.233
-10
20 % CS
10 % RCA
1.583 2.767
-11
20 % CS
20 % RCA
1.509 2.652
-12
20 % CS
30 % RCA
1.407 2.525
-13
30 % CS
10 % RCA
1.848 3.218
-14
30 % CS
20 % RCA
1.781 3.132
M-1 M-2 M-3
Compressive strength of concrete
M-1 M-2 M-3
Compressive strength of concrete
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October 2019 Page 290
Compressive strength of Concrete by using Copper Slag only
Compressive strength of Concrete by using recycled aggregates only
1959 so as to achieve the value of concrete
1used to test the cylinders. The
7 Days
28 Days
7 Days
28 Days

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Figure: Split tensile strength of Concrete by using Copper Slag only
Figure: Split tensile strength of Concrete by using recycled aggregates only
Figure: Split tensile strength of Concrete by using 10 % Copper Slag and 10 to 30 % Recycled aggregates
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
M-0
Splittensilestrength
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
M-0
SplitTensilestrength
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
M-0
SplitTensilestrength
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com
28104 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 6 | September -
Split tensile strength of Concrete by using Copper Slag only
Split tensile strength of Concrete by using recycled aggregates only
Split tensile strength of Concrete by using 10 % Copper Slag and 10 to 30 % Recycled aggregates
M-1 M-2 M-3
Split tensile strength of concrete
M-4 M-5 M-6
Split Tensile strength of concrete
M-7 M-8 M-9
Split Tensile strength of concrete
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Split tensile strength of Concrete by using Copper Slag only
Split tensile strength of Concrete by using recycled aggregates only
Split tensile strength of Concrete by using 10 % Copper Slag and 10 to 30 % Recycled aggregates
7 Days
28 Days
7 Days
28 Days
7 Days
28 Days

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Figure: Split tensile strength of Concrete by using 20 % Copper Slag and 10 t
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com
28104 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 6 | September -
Split tensile strength of Concrete by using 20 % Copper Slag and 10 to 30 % Recycled aggregates
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7 Days
28 Days