Materi ini membahas mengenai penggunaan teknologi informasi dan beberapa cara yang digunakan untuk berkomunikasi. Sehingga dengan mempelajari materi ini, diharapkan mampu mengetahi cara-cara yang digunakan untuk berkomunikasi dengan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi.

1. Pertemuan 2
Chapter 2
The Internet & the World Wide Web
Exploring Cyberspace
Introduction of Technology
Information
“Using Information
Technology”
Heni Su
Fakultas Teknik dan Ilmu Kom
Universitas Teknokrat Ind

2. 2.1 Choosing Your Internet Access Device & Physical
Connection: The Quest for Broadband
Bandwidth - an expression of how much data can
be sent through a communications channel in a
given amount of time
Baseband – Allows only one signal at a time
Broadband – Several signals can be sent at once
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3. Choosing Your Internet Access Device &
Physical Connection: The Quest for Broadband
Download - to transmit
data from a remote
computer to a local
computer
Upload - to transmit
data from a local
computer to a remote
computer
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4. Telephone (Dial-Up) Modem: Low Speed but
Inexpensive & Widely Available
Modem - a
device that sends
and receives data
over telephone
lines to and from
computers
There are two
types of modems
– internal and
external
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5. High-Speed Phone Lines: More Expensive but
Available in Most Cities
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ISDN - hardware and software that allows voice,
video, and data to be communicated over
traditional copper-wire telephone lines
DSL - uses regular phone lines like ISDN, a DSL
modem, and special technology to transmit data in
megabits per second.
T1 - a traditional trunk line that carries 24 normal
telephone circuits and has a transmission rate of
1.5 Mbps.

6. Wireless Systems: Satellite & Other
Through-the-Air Connections
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Communications satellite: a space station that transmits
radio waves called microwaves from earth-based
stations.
Other wireless connections: towers transmit radio
waves. They can send data up to the speed of 155 Mbps.
Used to operate local cellular phones.

7. 2.2 Choosing Your Internet Service
Provider (ISP)
ISP - a company
that connects you
through your
communications
line to its servers,
or central (host)
computer, which
connect you to the
internet via
another
company’s
network accessCopyright © 2005. Exclusive rights by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

8. 2.3 How Does the Internet Work?
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1. You connect to the ISP’s POP using a telephone
number that your ISP provides. A point-of-
presence (POP) is a collection of modems and
other equipment in a local area.
2. ISPs connect to a backbone to access remote
web servers. Backbones are high-speed, high
capacity transmission lines that use newest
communications technology.

9. TCP/IP, the Internet Society, and
ICANN
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 Protocol is a set of conventions that govern the
format of data transmitted electronically. They ensure
that all data is exchanged in a consistent format.
 TCP/IP is a protocol that enables all computers
to interpret and use data transmitted over the internet.

ISOC (Internet Society) provides leadership in
addressing issues that confront the future of the
internet.
ICANN was established to regulate human-friendly
internet domain names

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2.4 Sending & Receiving Email
Incoming email is stored on a mailbox on the server.
Outgoing email is sent to a Simple Mail Transfer
Protocol (SMTP) server.

11. Email Software & Carriers
Get an email program
(browser) as part of
other computer
software
Get email software as
part of your ISP
package
Get free email
services
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Hotmail offers free email services

12. Parts of an Email Message and
Attachments
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The three parts of an email message are the (1)
address of the recipient, (2) subject of the
message, and (3) message content.
In addition, the files on a computer can be
attached to an email message.
The person receiving the attachment must have
the same software that created the attachment.

13. Other Ways of Communicating
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Instant messaging (IM) -
allows any user on a
given email system to
send a message and
have it pop up instantly on
the screen of anyone else
logged onto that system
Mailing Lists: Email-
based discussion groups
Listserv – is an
automatic mailing-list
server that sends email to
subscribers participating
in discussion topics

14. Netiquette: Appropriate Online
Behavior
Consult FAQs
Avoid flaming
Do not SHOUT
Be careful with jokes
Avoid sloppiness
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Do not send huge file
attachments
Quote with relevant
portion, when replying
Do not “overforward”
Emoticons

15. Spam: Unwanted Junk Email
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Delete without opening the message
Never reply to a spam message!
Enlist the help of your ISP or use spam filters
Fight back

16. 2.5 The World Wide Web
Q: What makes
the Web graphically
inviting?
A: Multimedia
Q: What makes
the Web easily
navigable?
A: Hypertext
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17. The Web & How It Works
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A computer with a domain name is called a
website
Example: www.barnesandnoble.com
Web pages – the documents on a website
A web page is a document on the World Wide Web that
can include text, pictures, sound, and video.
Web browser - software that enables users to view web
pages and to jump from one page to another
Microsoft Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator are
most commonly used browsers

18. The Web & How It Works
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URLs – addresses for web pages
The URL is a string of characters that points to a
specific piece of information anywhere on the web
The URL consists of the web protocol, the name of
the web server, the directory on that server, and the
file within that directory

19. Using Your Browser to Get Around the Web
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The five basic elements of a web browser are:
 Menu bar
 Toolbar
 URL bar
 Workspace
 Status bar
Web browser - software that enables users to view web
pages and to jump from one page to another
Microsoft Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator are
most commonly used browsers

20. Using Your Browser to Get Around the Web
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 Starting out from home – the start up page is
the home page
 Personalizing your home page – a home page
can be personalized according to the user’s choices
 Getting around – Back, Forward, Home, and
Search features
History list - allows you to return to a page you have
recently visited
Bookmarks or favorites – let you store the URL of web
pages you frequently visit so that you do not have to
remember or retype the URLs

21. Using Your Browser to Get Around the Web
Interactivity – hyperlinks, radio buttons, and fill-in
text boxes
Radio buttons – little circles located in front of
various options; selecting an option with the
mouse places a dot in the corresponding circle
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Scrolling – Navigating up and down a web page using
scroll arrows
Frames are independently controllable sections on a
web page.
They allow looking at the two pages simultaneously.

22. Web Portals: Starting Points for Finding
Information
Web portal – a gateway website that offers a broad
array of resources and services, such as:
online shopping malls
email support
current news and weather stock quotes
travel information
links to other popular subject categories
Examples – www.yahoo.com; www.msn.com;
www.aol.com
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23. Four Types of Search Engines
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Human-organized search sites
Computer-created search sites
Hybrid search sites
Metasearch sites

24. Tips for Smart Searching
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Choose search items well with the correct spelling
Use phrases with quotation marks
Put unique words first in a phrase
Use operators
Use wildcards
Read the Help or Search Tips section
Try an alternate general search site or a specific
search site

25. Multimedia on the Web
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Plug-in – a program that adds a specific feature to a
browser, allowing it to play or view certain files
Developing multimedia – applets, Java, and Visual
Studio.NET

Text and images
Animation
Video
Download and view
Streaming video
Audio
Download and listen
Streaming audio

26. Push Technology & Webcasting
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Push technology - software that automatically
downloads information to your computer
Webcasting – a result of push technology, where
customized text, video, and audio are sent
automatically on a regular basis
The Internet Telephone & Videophone
Internet telephony - using the Net to make phone calls,
either one-to-one or for audio conferencing
Internet telephone software – Netscape Conference,
Microsoft Netmeeting

27. Designing Web Pages
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 There are professional web designers who
develop websites.
 Menu-driven programs, such as Microsoft
FrontPage or Macromedia Dreamweaver can be
used to design websites.

28. 2.6 The Online Gold Mine: More Internet Resources
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More internet resources:
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) – for copying all the free files
you want
 Telnet – to connect to remote computers
More Internet Resources
Newsgroups – for online typed discussions on specific
topics
Real-time chat – typed discussions among online
participants
Telnet: a protocol that allows you to connect to remote
computers on the internet by using a user name and a
password and to run programs on those computers.
FTP: a protocol that allows

29. Your Personal Cyberspace
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Blogs – web logs, accessible to other users
Relationships – online matchmaking
Education – distance learning
Health – patient self-education
Entertainment – amusing yourself on the internet
Trade and Commerce
E-commerce
Auctions – linking individual buyers and sellers
Online finance – trading, banking, and e-money
Online job hunting
B2B commerce