The document discusses different types of drugs used in medicine including analgesics, antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, antiseptics, disinfectants, and anesthetics. It provides examples of specific drugs that fall into each category, such as morphine and aspirin as analgesics, penicillin as an antibiotic, and chloroform as a volatile general anesthetic. The key functions and differences between antiseptics and disinfectants are also summarized.

1. C. Vijayadurga,
II M.Sc. Chemistry,
BON SECOURS COLLEGE FOR
WOMEN,
THANJAVUR

2.  Method of treating diseases caused by
bacteria and other micro organisms by
chemical compounds called drugs.

3.  An organic compound
 Natural or synthetic
 Creates physiological effect on body
functions.
 Selectively destroys the micro organism
without affecting the normal functioning in
the body of the person or animal taking it.

4. Drugs which by acting on the central
nervous system cause insensibility to pain
without loss of consciousness.

5. 1. Narcotics or strong analgesics
produce depression of the central nervous
system
Ex: Morphine
Pethidine
Methadone

6. 2. Non-Narcotics or Weak Analgesics
 do not produce significant depression
of the central nervous system.
 also possess anti inflammatory and
anti pyretic effect.
Ex: Aspirin
Methyl Salicylate
Salicin

7.  Drug used to control and destroy bacterias
Ex: Penicillin
Tetracyclin
Ciprofloxacin
Sulphonamides

8.  Drug that reduces the conditions of
inflamation such as superficial redness of the
skin, edema and formulation of granular
tissue by controlling the causes of
inflammation.
Ex: Aspirin
Salicylic acid
pyrazole
para amino phenol
Indole

9.  Chemical substances produced by micro
organisms having the property of inhibiting
the growth or destroying other micro
organisms in low concentration.
Ex: Penicillin
Streptomycin
Chloromycetin

10. Antiseptic:
chemicals which prevent the sepsis of
wounds by inhibiting the action of micro
organisms either by stopping their reproduction
or by killing them
Ex: lysol
nitrofurazone
nitromersol
chlorhexidine

11. Disinfectants:
chemical compounds which are applied to
non living to kill the micro organisms
immediately
Ex: bleaching powder
DDT
BHC

12. S.NO. ANTISEPTIC DISINFECTANT
1. Used for wounds Used for non living objects
2. Prevents growth of micro
organisms
Kills the micro organisms
3. Milder but prolonged action Immediate action but short duration
4. Used in surgical apparatus Used in public health and sanitation
for cleaning water, etc.,

13.  Drugs which produce loss of sensation
 Two types
1. General Anaesthetics –
(a) Volatile
(b) Non volatile
2. Local Anaesthetics

14.  Produce unconsciousness all over the body
by depressing the central nervous system to
such an extent that the sensitivity to pain
feeling is lost.

15. (a) Volatile – applied by open mouth through
simple mask.
Ex: Chloroform
Ether
Cyclopropane
(b) Non volatile – administered intravenously
Ex: Thiopental Sodium
Methohezitone
Propanediol

16.  Abolish the sensation of pain in localised
area.
 do not affect the whole body.
 Applied topically or by injection
Ex: Cocaine
Procaine
Benzocaine