From 24 to 26 October, MCRB collaborated with WWF Myanmar and the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation (MONREC) on a training workshop in Naypyidaw on Mining Sector Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Management. Read more: http://www.myanmar-responsiblebusiness.org/news/mining-social-licence-to-operate.html

1. Responsible Mining and Community
Investment....(and CSR)
Mining Sector Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and
Management Workshop
24-26 October 2017, MONREC, Naypyidaw
www.mcrb.org.mm
myanmar.responsible.business

2. My background
Director of Myanmar Centre for Responsible Business
(MCRB) since July 2013
Mining company Rio Tinto: HQ lead on transparency,
human rights and resource nationalism/resource
curse issues
Civil servant/Diplomat:
• Director of Global & Economic Issues
• UK ambassador to Myanmar 2002-2006 (and 2nd
Secretary 1990-1993)
• European Commission, Cabinet of Commission
Chris Patten, External Relations
• Press spokeswoman

3. Founders:
Current core funders:
• UK DFID
• DANIDA
• Norway
• Switzerland
• Netherlands
• Ireland
www.myanmar-responsiblebusiness.org
and www.mcrb.org.mm
No. 6.A Shin Saw Pu Road, Sanchaung, Yangon
Tel/Fax: 01 01-512613
MCRB Objective
To provide an effective and legitimate platform
for the creation of knowledge, capacity and
dialogue concerning responsible business in
Myanmar, based on local needs and
international standards, that results in more
responsible business practices.
ပို၍တာဝန္ယူမႈရွိေသာ စီပြားေရးအေလ့အက်င့္မ်ား
ျဖစ္ထြန္းလာေစရန္၊ ႏိုင္ငံတကာအဆင့္အတန္းမ်ား၊
ေဒသလိုအပ္ခ်က္မ်ား အေပၚမူတည္၍ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံ၌
တာဝန္ယူမႈရွိေသာ အသိပညာ၊ စြမ္းေဆာင္ရည္ႏွင့္
စကားဝိုင္းမ်ား ျဖစ္ေပၚလာေစရန္အတြက္
ထိေရာက္ေသာ တရားဝင္ အခင္းအက်ဥ္းတစ္ခု
ပံ့ပိုးေပးရန္။
myanmar.responsible.business

4. Sector Wide
Impact
Assessments

5. Briefing papers for
Business (in Burmese and
English)
www.mcrb.org.mm

6. Contents of this session
 What is responsible business, corporate social responsibility (CSR) etc?
 How does it relate to environmental impact assessment?
6

7. Favourite football team?
7
1.Manchester United
2.Liverpool
3.Arsenal
4.Chelsea
5.Plymouth Argyle
6.Fulham
7.Other
58%
19%
4% 8% 8% 4% 0%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%

8. What is a ‘Responsible Business’?
တာ၀န္ယူမႈရွိေသာ စီးပြားေရးလုပ္ငန္းဆိုတာ ဘာလဲ?
MCRB defines ‘responsible investment/responsible business’ as ‘business activities that work for the
long-term interests of Myanmar and all its people’.
However there is no single international definition of a ‘responsible business’ or responsible company.
MCRB ၏အဓိပၸါယ္ဖြင့္ဆိုခ်က္ “ျမန္မာျပည္သူျပည္သားမ်ား၏ ေရရွည္အက်ိဳးစီးပြားမ်ား အတြက္
ေဆာင္ရြက္ေသာစီးပြားေရးလုပ္ငန္းမ်ား”
ဒါေပမဲ့ “တာ၀န္ယူမႈရွိေသာ စီးပြားေရးလုပ္ငန္း” (သို႔) ကုမၸဏီဆိုသည္ကို သီးသန္႔အဓိပၸါယ္
ဖြင့္ဆို ထားျခင္းမရွိ
8

9. Some international standards related to responsible business
9

10. What Does a ‘Responsible Business’ Do?
• Respects human rights
• Obeys the law
• Doesn’t pay bribes or tea money
• Pays its taxes
• Respects its employees
• Respects the environment
• Treats other businesses responsibly
• Treats its customers responsibly
• Transparent
• Responds to and engages with stakeholders
10
• လူ႔အခြင့္အေရးမ်ားကိုေလးစား
• ဥပေဒကိုေလးစားလိုက္နာ
• လာဘ္ေပးလာဘ္ယူ (သို႔)
လက္ဖက္ရည္ဖိုးေပးတာမ်ိဳးမလုပ္
• အခြန္ေဆာင္
• ၎၏အလုပ္သမားမ်ားကိုေလးစား
• သဘာ၀ပါတ္၀န္းက်င္ကိုေလးစား
• အျခားစီးပြားေရးမ်ားကို တာ၀န္ယူမႈ၊
တာ၀န္သိမႈျဖင့္ဆက္ဆံ
• ၎၏ Customer (ေစ်း၀ယ္သူ ေဖာက္သည္)မ်ားကို
တာ၀န္ယူမႈ၊ တာ၀န္သိမႈျဖင့္ဆက္ဆံ
• ပြင့္လင္းျမင္သာမႈ
• သက္ဆိုင္သူမ်ားႏွင့္ ခ်ိတ္ဆက္ေဆာင္ရြက္

11. Some common vocabulary
 Responsible Business Conduct (RBC) တာဝန္ယူမႈရိွေသာစီးပြားေရးလုပ္ငန္း၏လုပ္ေဆာင္ရမည္႔လုပ္ငန္းမ်ား
 Compliance i.e. obeying the law ဥပေဒကိုေလးစား လိုက္နာျခင္း
 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) စီးပြားေရးလုပ္ငန္းၾကီးမ်ား၏ လူမႈေရး တာဝန္
2011 EU definition: “the responsibility of enterprises for their impacts on society”.
“လူမႈအသိုင္းအ၀ိုင္းအေပၚ စီးပြားေရးလုပ္ငန္းမ်ား၏ သက္ေရာက္မႈမ်ားအတြက္ တာဝန္ ယူမႈ”
 Sustainability ေရရွည္တည္တံ့ခုိင္ၿမဲ ျခင္း
 Creating Shared Value (CSV) အက်ိဳးအျမတ္ခြဲေဝအသံုုးခ်ျခင္း
 Social licence to operate လူထု သေဘာတူ ၾကည္ျဖဴခြင့္ျပဳမႈ
 Philanthropy ပရဟိတမ်ားလုပ္ေဆာင္ျခင္း
 Sponsorship ေငြေၾကးမ်ားေထာက္ပံ့ေပးျခင္း 11

12. Which definition of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) you prefer?
စီးပြားေရးလုပ္ငန္းၾကီးမ်ား၏ လူမႈေရးတာ၀န္ (CSR) ဆိုတာ ဘာလဲ။ ။
သင္၏ထင္ျမင္ခ်က္
12
Definition 1: Social/community investment or contribution including Philanthropy, Disaster Relief and Sponsorship
လူမႈ ေရးလုပ္ငန္းမ်ားအတြက္ရင္းႏွီးျမဳပ္ႏွံမႈမ်ားလုပ္ျခင္း ပရဟိတမ်ားလုပ္ေဆာင္ျခင္း ေငြေၾကးမ်ားေထာက္ပံ့ေပးျခင္း
သဘာဝေဘးအႏၱရာယ္ဆိုင္ရာ လုပ္ေဆာင္ခ်က္မ်ား
Definition 2: The responsibility of enterprises for their impacts on society လူမႈအသိုင္းအ၀ိုင္းအေပၚ
စီးပြားေရးလုပ္ငန္းမ်ား၏ သက္ေရာက္မႈမ်ားအတြက္ တာ၀န္ယူမႈ
1. Definition 1
2. Definition 2
32%
68%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
Definition 1 Definition 2

13. The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Trend
13
Philanthropy
Corporate philanthropy unconnected
with the core business
Example: Grant-Giving Foundation
CSR 1.0
Establish relationships with
communities, contribute
philanthropically, and manage
company images
Example: Employee volunteering
CSR 2.0
2011 EU Definition
The responsibility of enterprises for
their impacts on society
Example: Producing sustainable
products at an accessible price
However….
many international companies no longer talk about ‘CSR’.
The term is considered confusing or ’old-fashioned’…..

14. What term do international companies use?
14
Text here Social Performance
Environment & Society
Shared Development
Local Development
Engaging our
Community
Text here
Creating Local
Opportunities
Corporate
Responsibility
Public Welfare
Social Contribution
Sustainable
Development

15. Creating Shared Value ‘CSV’
Creating Shared Value is the development of business strategies
that are both profit making and respond to social needs
A bank develops mobile
money services which
are accessible and
affordable for those
without access to bank
accounts.
A hotel trains and provides initial
support to local farmers to grow
vegetables safely, and buys them
for use in their catering. The
farmers sell the excess production
on the wider market.
A hotel trains local
young people in
English and hospitality
skills and offers all of
them jobs on
graduation
A company making
toothpaste and
soap runs a
nationwide
programme in
schools on
handwashing and
oral hygiene

16. Myanmar Shared Value Example – Supply chain
Heineken and Building Markets:
Support for local SME supply chain
• Heineken partnership with Building Markets (BM)
• Aim: create jobs for communities living around the
brewery in Shwepyitha
• BM builds capacity of local SMEs to produce
competitive bids that can win Heineken tendering
processes for services e.g. cleaning, gardening
• BM trains local SMEs in:
• business management
• To submit tenders
• to meet their contractual commitments, including
compliance with labour laws, localisation of
recruitment and remuneration, and safety

17. The Spectrum of Corporate (Social) Responsibilty
Compliance i.e. obeying the
law
ဥပေဒကိုေလးစား လိုက္နာျခင္း
In Contract or Environmental
Management Plan
Responsible Business Conduct
တာဝန္ယူမႈရိွေသာစီးပြားေရးလုပ္ငန္း၏လုပ္ေဆာင္ရမည္႔လုပ္ငန္းမ်ား
Connected to
business activity
Sustainability
ေရရွည္တည္တံ့ခုိင္ၿမဲ ျခင္း
Creating Shared Value
အက်ိဳးအျမတ္ခြဲေဝအသံုုးခ်
ျခင္း
Philanthropy
ပရဟိတမ်ားလုပ္ေဆာင္ျခင္း
Sponsorship
ေငြေၾကးမ်ားေထာက္ပံ့ေပးျခင္း
Disaster relief
သဘာဝေဘးအႏၱရာယ္ဆိုင္ရာ
လုပ္ေဆာင္ခ်က္မ်ား
Voluntary: requires
additional effort or budget
Compulsory

18. A company must take steps to fix the negative impacts it causes...
18
COMPULSORY
 Negative/adverse impacts should be identified in Environmental Impact
Assessment, through study and consultation of project affected persons
(PAPs)
 Mitigation actions should be included in Environment Management Plan
 Compliance with EMP is a legal requirement
 Needed to obtain legal licence, permit or Environmental Compliance
Certificate
 6 month EMP monitoring report to be published

19. A company can choose to go further….
19
VOLUNTARY
 Activities to address wider social issues, not the social impacts of project
 Issues and priorities ideally identified through consultation and community engagement
 May be included in a ‘community development agreement’ between company and community
 May be no government involvement
 May deliver business benefits (‘creating shared value’ (CSV) or may be unconnected to the business -
philanthropy
 May build trust to obtain/retain a ‘social licence to operate’, or ‘branding’
 (Ideally) undertaken as part of a ‘CSR/CSV/social investment’ strategy which sets out priorities,
corporate governance, principles etc e.g.
 ‘Do no harm’, Non-discrimination, Transparency
 Not to be used to support government or political parties or religious endeavours
 Not a legal requirement, so should NOT be in Environmental Management Plan, PSC etc

20. 222
Interactive exercise:
Place examples in the relevant area: 1, 2, 3, or 4
Connected to business activity
Voluntary: requires additional effort or budgetCompulsory
1 2
3
4
4

21. A mine does not charge its staff for the personal protection equipment (PPE) that
they need for their job.
21
ဝန္ထမ္းမ်ားကို အလုပ္လုပ္ကိုင္ရာတြင္ အသံုးျပဳႏုိ္င္ရန္ တကိုယ္ေရ လုပ္ငန္းခြင္ အကာအကြယ္ပစၥည္း
ကိရိယာမ်ား အတြက္ တူးေဖာ္သည့္ ကုမၸဏီ မွ အခေၾကးေငြ မယူျခင္း။
53%
32%
11%
5%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
1. Compulsory
2. Voluntary/Creating Shared Value,
connected to business
3. Voluntary/Philanthropy, not business-
related
4. None of the above (could be corruption)

22. A ruby mining company in Mogok builds a pagoda and monastery.
22
မုိးကုတ္ ရွိ ေက်ာက္ျမတ္ပတၱျမားတူးေဖာ္သည့္ ကုမၸဏီ တစ္ခုသည္ ဘုရား တည္ ဘုန္းႀကီးေက်ာင္း
ေဆာက္ျခင္း။
0%
9%
91%
0%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1. Compulsory
2. Voluntary/Creating Shared Value,
connected to business
3. Voluntary/Philanthropy, not business-
related
4. None of the above (could be corruption)

23. A mining company gives scholarships to local high school children to enable them to
complete 10th standard.
23
တူးေဖာ္သည့္ ကုမၸဏီ တစ္ခုသည္ ေဒသခံ အထက္တန္းေက်ာင္းသူေက်ာင္းသားမ်ားကို ၁၀ တန္း
ၿပီးေျမာက္ေအာင္ တက္ေရာက္ႏုိင္ေစရန္ အတြက္ ပညာသင္ဆုေပးအပ္ျခင္း။
0%
57%
43%
0%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
1. Compulsory
2. Voluntary/Creating Shared Value,
connected to business
3. Voluntary/Philanthropy, not business-
related
4. None of the above (could be corruption)

24. A construction company donates 30,000 kyats a month to the village development
fund. The headman says the company can take sand from the beach.
24
ေဆာက္လုပ္ေရး ကုမၸဏီတစ္ခု သည္ ရပ္ရြာဖြံၿဖိဳးတုိးတက္ေရး ရန္ပံုေငြ အတြက္ လစဥ္ က်ပ္ေငြ ၃၀၀၀၀
လွဴဒါန္းသည္။ အဆုိပါ ရပ္ရြာ အႀကီးအကဲသည္ ကမ္းေျခရွိ သဲမ်ားကို ကုမၸဏီမွ ထုတ္ယူႏိုသည္ ဟု ေျပာၾကားသည္။
0%
17%
0%
83%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1. Compulsory
2. Voluntary/Creating Shared Value,
connected to business
3. Voluntary/Philanthropy, not business-
related
4. None of the above (could be corruption)

25. A quarry contributes rocks and machinery to repair a local road used
only by villagers which was damaged by floods.
25
ေရႀကီးမႈေၾကာင့္ ပ်က္စီးသြားသည့္ ရြာသားမ်ားသာ အသံုးျပဳသည့္ လမ္းကို ျပန္လည္ျပင္ဆင္ရန္ အတြက္
ေက်ာက္မိုင္းတြင္းလုပ္ငန္း တစ္ခုသည္ ေက်ာက္တံုးမ်ား ႏွင့္ စက္ပစၥည္းမ်ား ျဖင့္ ထည့္ဝင္ေပးျခင္း။
0%
23%
77%
0%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1. Compulsory
2. Voluntary/Creating Shared Value,
connected to business
3. Voluntary/Philanthropy, not business-
related
4. None of the above (could be corruption)

26. A cement quarrying company trains local people to work as security guards
26
ဘိလပ္ေျမ ေက်ာက္မုိင္းတူး သည့္ ကုမၸဏီ တစ္ခုသည္ ေဒသခံ မ်ား ကို လံုၿခံဳေရးဝန္ထမ္းမ်ား အျဖစ္
အလုပ္လုပ္ကိုင္ႏုိင္ရန္ အတြက္ သင္တန္းေပးျခင္း။
14%
86%
0% 0%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1. Compulsory
2. Voluntary/Creating Shared Value,
connected to business
3. Voluntary/Philanthropy, not business-
related
4. None of the above (could be corruption)

27. A coal mining company covers its lorries that carry coal to reduce dust pollution and
respiratory problems for nearby villagers.
27
ေက်ာက္မီးေသြးတူးေဖာ္ေရး ကုမၸဏီ တစ္ခုသည္ အနီးအနား ရွိ ရြာသူရြာသားမ်ား အသက္ရႈလမ္းေၾကာင္း ဆုိင္ရာ
ေရာဂါျပႆနာမ်ား ျဖစ္ပြားျခင္း ႏွင့္ ဖုန္ထျခင္း ေလထုညစ္ညမ္းျခင္း တို႔ကို ေလ်ာ့ခ်ရန္ အတြက္ ၎ ၏
မီးေသြးသယ္ေဆာင္သည့္ ယာဥ္မ်ားကို ဖံုးအုပ္ထားျခင္း။
100%
0% 0% 0%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
1. Compulsory
2. Voluntary/Creating Shared Value,
connected to business
3. Voluntary/Philanthropy, not business-
related
4. None of the above (could be
corruption)

28. A company builds new houses for ten villagers who had to move as a result of road
widening to their factory.
28
ကုမၸဏီ တစ္ခုသည္ ၎တုိ႔၏ စက္ရံု ေၾကာင့္ လမ္းခ်ဲ႕ ထြင္ ခဲ့ရာ တြင္ ေျပာင္းေရႊ႕ ခဲ့ရေသာ
ရြာသူရြာသား ၁၀ ေယာက္နီးပါး အတြက္ အိမ္အသစ္မ်ား တည္ေဆာက္ေပးသည္။
74%
13% 13%
0%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
1. Compulsory
2. Voluntary/Creating Shared Value,
connected to business
3. Voluntary/Philanthropy, not business-
related
4. None of the above (could be corruption)

29. A mining company donates 500,000 kyats per year for ‘village development’ to the
village headman who is required to sign a letter each year to say he supports the
mine.
29
သတၱဳတြင္း ကုမၸဏီ တစ္ခုသည္ ရပ္ရြာဖြံၿဖိဳးတုိးတက္ေရး ရန္ပံုေငြ အတြက္ တစ္ႏွစ္ကို လွဴဒါန္းေငြ ၅၀၀,၀၀၀ က်ပ္
လွဴဒါန္းသည္။ သို႔ေသာ္ ထုိ ရပ္ရြာ အႀကီးအကဲ သည္ သတၱဳတြင္းကို ေထာက္ခံေၾကာင္း လတ္မွတ္ေရးထုိး ရန္
လုိအပ္ေပသည္။
0%
43%
5%
52%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
1. Compulsory
2. Voluntary/Creating Shared Value,
connected to business
3. Voluntary/Philanthropy, not business-
related
4. None of the above (could be corruption)

30. Mining companies are legally required to…..(1)
 ……..Comply with all relevant laws and Permits such as
 2015 Amended Mining Law and Rules
 Environmental Conservation Law, 2014 Rules, 2015 standards and 2015 EIA Procedure, and other laws
related to Hazardous Chemicals, Waterways, 1994 Protection of Wild life and Wild Plants and Conservation
of Natural Areas Law, (Amended) Protection and Preservation of Cultural Heritage Regions Law etc;
 2016 Myanmar Investment Law
 Article 65(g) Chapter XVI (Responsibilities of Investors) The Investor…..shall abide by the applicable
laws, rules, procedures and best standards practiced internationally for this investment so as not to
cause damage, pollution, and loss to the natural and social environment and not to cause damage to
cultural heritage
 Labour laws e.g. Minimum Wage, Leave and Holidays, Factories Act, Shops and Establishments Act,
2011 Labour Organisation Law, 2012 Settlement of Labour Dispute Law, 2012 Social Security Law, 2013
Employment and Skill Development Law
 Other 2013 Anti-Corruption Law; 2015 Disabilities Law, 1993 Child Law (under revision), 2015 Ethnic
Nationalities Protection Law; 1894 Land Acquisition Act and other land laws 30

31. Environmental Conservation Law
2012
Environmental Conservation Rules
2014
(Art38-39 EQS, Art 51-61 EIA)
MOECAF Notification 616/2015
EIA Procedure
Draft EIA Guidelines
((ADB)
Draft Public
Participation
Guidelines
Draft Sectoral
Guidelines for
Mining (ADB)
Further
Environmental
Quality
Standards to be
developed
MOECAF
Notification
616/2015
National
Environmental
Quality
(Emission)
Guidelines)
Other Environment and
Social safeguard laws
e.g. Forest, Wildlife,
Investment , Ethnic
nationalities, Disability,
Labour, Hazardous
Waste, Planning
Relevant Sectoral Rules,
Regulations, By-laws
which concern
environmental and
social safeguards
Relevant notifications,
orders, directives &
procedures
Could include Zonation
Plans, Building Code
2015 Amended Mining
Law
1996 Mining Rules
(to be revised)
Existing Mining
notifications,
orders, directives
and procedures
Mining standards
which are missing
and need to be
notified/issued as
Directives
Existing legislation in the purple outline is applicable to all projects in the mining sector,
even if they are not required to do an IEE/EIA.
Gaps in regulation are depicted by Red boxes.

32. Mining companies are legally required to…..(2)
 ……Comply with all relevant laws and Permits
 Undertake any requirements contained in the Production Sharing Contract
 e.g. a requirement to employ Myanmar citizens for unskilled work
 Oil and Gas PSC dd) expedite the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the Contract Area as
well as for the people of Myanmar in consultation with MOGE according to the code of conduct of
each CONTRACTOR Party;
 Undertake commitments and actions in the Environmental Management Plan
There is NO requirement in Myanmar law to spend ‘x% of pre-tax profit on CSR’
32

33. Should Myanmar introduce a compulsory x%
of profit to be spent on ‘CSR’?
33
1.Yes, good idea!
2.No, bad idea!
3.Don’t know
33%
43%
24%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
Yes, good
idea!
No, bad
idea!
Don’t know

34. In conclusion….
It is in the interests of mining
companies to do business
responsibly to avoid:
 Loss of permit
 Legal
action/prosecution/fines
 Community protest or
loss of ‘social licence to
operate’
 Damage to reputation
34
What is important
is HOW, not
HOW MUCH?
The company can choose voluntarily to ‘go beyond’ the legal
requirements and ‘create shared value’ to strengthen its ‘social licence to
operate’ through
 Introducing best practices
 Supporting the local community
 Sponsorship and philanthropy (NB is this for philanthropy, or
brand/marketing?)
 Such activities many cost money but they are voluntary. Companies
should not be asked to include them in contracts or EMPs.
 They may be reflected in a Community Development Agreement
It is compulsory for a mining company to
 Obey the law and contract
 Address the adverse impacts identified in the EIA/EMP