Tectonic activity shapes landscapes through various volcanic and non-volcanic processes. Volcanic landforms include extrusive features like volcanic cones and lava plateaus formed by eruptions, and intrusive features such as batholiths, stocks, and dikes formed by underground magma intrusions. Non-volcanic landforms are shaped by earthquakes, faulting, and folding which produce structures like rift valleys, faults, and fold belts that influence topography and coastal geography. The interplay between tectonic forces and erosion over time exposes and modifies these landforms at and below the Earth's surface.

1. Tectonic landscapes

5. fissure eruption Mid-ocean ridge: creation of sea floor

6. Hotspots

20. Tectonic Landforms Faults and Fault Landforms Transcurrent or Strike-slip Faults are produced when tectonic plates move past each other horizontally

24. Tectonic Landforms Faults and Fault Landforms Reverse and overthrust faults are produced by compression in the crust

31. Tectonic Landforms Faults and Fault Landforms Normal faults are produced by crustal extension

34. Tectonic Landforms Fold Belts Compression from tectonic activity produces folds in rock strata Anticlines : upbends Synclines: troughs Folds : corrugations of strata caused by crustal compression

36. Land deformation