Autism is a disease spectrum comprising 4 disorders manifested by disturbed social, emotional and intellectual abilities of a child. This presentation is a brief description of characteristics , problems and management of of an autistic child.

1. Autism in children
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2. Introduction
 Autism is a complex series of neurobiological
and developmental disorders that most
typically appears during the first 2 years of
life.
 The diagnosis is made based on at least 6 out
of 12 symptoms in three categories therefore it
is known as autism spectrum disorder.
 Parenting and caring the kids with autism
involves a lot of patience, knowledge and
skills.

3. Intro Cont…………
 The fundamental features of autism that represent the
diagnosis are, social impairment, verbal or nonverbal
impairment, and repetitive patterns of behavior.
 In the majority of the cases, autism is a lifelong
disorder with underlying difficulties in the interaction
of the victim with his/ her society.
 Male children have 5 times more risk than that of
female children in terms of rate of incidence.
 In approximately 75% of people suffering from autism,
there is a clear evidence of cognitively handicapped
state. Autism is seen in approximately 60 to 70 among
every 10,000 live births.

5. What are Autism Spectrum Disorders?
 According to the traditional diagnostic criteria,
a series of disorders were once thought to be
separate conditions.
 Modern diagnosis has clubbed all of them
together and coined the term spectrum
disorders.
 There are 4 common disorders that includes
Asperger`s syndrome, Autistic disorder,
Childhood disintegrative disorder and Pervasive
developmental disorder.

6.  Asperger`s syndrome, is one of the disorder
where children tend to have normal or above
the average level of intelligence, but they
manifest with social problems. Autistic
disorder is not actually the autism as most
people think of , but it refers to those
problems associated with poor social
interactions, communication, and deprived
play in children younger than 3 years.

7.  Childhood disintegrative disorder is
a typical development disorder seen in age
less than 2 years where children tend to
lose some or most of their communication
and social skills recently acquired.
 Pervasive developmental disorder or
atypical autism is characterized by some
autistic behavior including delay in the
social and communications skills, but
doesn’t fit into another category.

8. Some of the typical dangerous signs in an early infancy
that indicate the caution for autism may include:
 No response while someone call by name or eye-to-
eye gaze by 6 months.
 Absence of babbling by 12 months.
 No gesturing (pointing, waving, etc.) by 12 months.
 No sign of language development even after the age
of 16 months.
 No two-word (spontaneous, not just echolalic)
phrases by 24 months.
 Loss of any language or social skills, at any age.

9. Characteristics of an autistic child
 Autism is difficult to diagnose at the early stage
and most of the parents feel confused as it
resembles many other conditions.
 The symptoms first appears during infancy or
early childhood which gradually progress into a
steady course.
 It is a dynamic state with each child having
varied symptoms but the principal aspect of the
diagnostic criteria is the intelligence.

10. Characteristics conti………………
 Children tend to have the average, or even
superior IQ than others.
 Symptoms become vivid after the age of six
months from the time of diagnosis is made.
 The triad of symptoms include disturbed social
interaction, communication, and the repetitive
behavior.
 Some kids appear strange in their choices,
behaviors and manners such as atypical eating,
sleeping speech etc.

11. Some of the characteristic features of an autistic child
 Difficulty in establishing social interaction. This is the
most crucial area in which autistic children lose
patience to obey the social norms which makes them
difficult to comply with the social demands.
 Some children exhibit unusual interest in specific
objects such as toys, pens of specific size and color,
crayons etc.
 A strong tendency towards ritualism manifested by
difficulty in changing the routine for instance, if a
child is get used to brush at 6.30 a.m. they strongly
stick to the same time, no matter whatever the case.
Some kids want a specific type of bed to sleep while
other express ritualism by eating a specific breakfast
daily.

12. characteristic features conti………….
 Fortunately, some kids show extraordinary
ability in one area but a great difficulty in
another. For example few kids are extremely
sportive while few shows interest in studies
but not in anything else.
 Some show a strong reactions to one or more
of their senses such as being turtled by loud
noise or not able to withstand bright colors.

13. characteristic features conti………….
 Repetitiveness is characterized by repetition of
thing over and over again. For instance, a child
might keep on writing the same information
over a page and again erasing it to repeat
again.
 Talking constantly about specific things that
interest them but not showing attention
towards other aspects that don’t create
curiosity in them.
 Children with ASD may have unusually intense
and prolonged emotional reactions.

14. Parental skills to manage autistic children
 Parents must have an individualized protocol
when managing their autistic kids. It is
important to remember that there is no cure
for illness but children can be trained to adapt
to the illness to achieve near normal life.

15. Tips to manage autism
 Understand and treat the child as he/she is
instead of comparing.
 Create a plan that is firm and consistent but
not hard to achieve the objectives . It is
imperative to find out from the child’s
therapists about specific guidelines to manage
that kid. Spend some time with the child on a
daily basis.
 Use nonverbal ways to stay connect to the
child however encourage the verbal skills in a
progressive manner.

16. Tips conti………………….
 Set short and achievable goals and monitor
them on a regular basis.
 It is very important to encourage children to
play and interact with normal children. Guilt
and fear are the major hurdles that an autistic
child facing , it is important to counsel them to
make them realize about their condition.
 Never isolate the kid as it can escalate the
issue.

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