1. ROLE OF NANODENTISTRY IN DETECTION AND
TREATMENT OF ORAL CANCER
INTRODUCTION
Nanodentistry is defined as the design and fabrication of materials, devices and systems
with control at nanometer dimensions .
Nano devices can detect cancer cells, identify cancer signatures and provide targeted
delivery of anti cancer therapeutics to tumor cells.
This novel imaging tool can lead to significant improvements in cancer therapy due to earlier
detection, accurate staging, and microtumor identification.
NANODENTISTRY IN ORAL
CANCER DIAGNOSIS
QUANTUM DOTS
Extremely small particles of cadmium selenide (Cd
Se) or zinc sulphide whose sizes are in the range of
1 to 10nm.
Conjugated to monoclonal antibodies to oral
cancer- specific antigens, such as epidermal growth
factor receptor, to detect oral cancer cells
specifically.
NANOWIRES
Glowing silica wires in nanoscales.
Enables simultaneous detection of multiple
analytes such as cancer biomarkers in a single
chip, as well as fundamental kinetic studies for
biomolecular reactions.
MICRO AND NANO-SCALE CANTILEVER
ARRAYS
Developed for an ultra sensitive bio-assay.
Bond specific reagent to detect and measure the
presence of particular antigens and / or
complementary DNA sequence at much earlier
stages of disease compared to current medical
diagnostic technologies
ORAL FLUID NANOSENSOR TEST
Used for multiplex detection of salivary biomarkers for
oral cancer.
Combination of two salivary proteomic biomarkers
(thioredoxin and IL-8) and four salivary mRNA
biomarkers(SAT,ODZ,IL-8 and IL-1b) can detect oral
cancer with high specificity and sensitivity.
NANODENTISTRY IN ORAL
CANCER TREATMENT
Nanodentistry applications in cancer detection and treatment have the potential to replace highly
invasive conventional cancer detection and treatment.
The ability to diagnose malignant disease at the earliest, opportunity allows treatment options to be
planned as early and hence directly affects the morbidity and mortality of head and neck cancer.
NANOCAPSULE
Tiny containers the size of a virus used
to deliver drugs and other materials with
almost 100% efficiency to targeted cells into
the bloodstream as they can penetrate
through small capillaries.
CARBON NANOTUBES
Carbon nanotubes consist of carbon atoms
exclusively arranged in a series of
condensed benzene rings rolled-up into
tubular architecture.
When exposed to near-IR light, carbon
nanotubes quickly release excess energy
as heat (~700 C) which can kill cancerous
cells.
NANOROBOTS
Programmed to quickly recognize and
digest even the tiniest aggregates of
early cancer cells
MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES
The effect is due to super paramagnetic
iron oxides, typically Fe2 o3 and Fe2O4
,which do not retains their magnetic
property when removed from the
magnetic field.
Their paramagnetic characteristics have
made them good candidate for the
destruction of tumors in vivo through
hypothermia.
CONCLUSION