How Did Henry Knox Accomplish

How Did Henry Knox Accomplish
" The resources of his genius have supplied, on this and many other interesting occasions, the defect
of means; his distinguished talents and services are equally important and indefatigable entitle him
to the same marks of approbation from Congress."( Puls 172) George Washington said this about
Henry Knox when he suggested Congress allow Knox to be promoted to Major–General after his
performance in the Battle of Yorktown. The first major accomplishment of Henry Knox was his
cannon deployment to Dorchester Heights, forcing British troops to evacuate Boston. Another
accomplishment of Henry Knox was his planning and artillery command during the Battle of
Trenton. The last major accomplishment of Henry Knox was his skillful use of artillery during ...
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Henry Knox will always be remembered as a Revolutionary general determined to fight for the
country he loved. Henry Knox's wartime accomplishments set a tone for the standard for an army's
artillery and what it means to be a hard working Military General. Knox was forced to leave school
at an early and worked hard to prove himself to his superiors. Whether it was by shaping the US
artillery into a skilled and resourceful group of men, or meticulously planning attacks on British
troops, Knox proved that by working diligently and loyally for a cause you believe so fully in, you
can truly make a difference. Henry Knox's first major accomplishment was his planning and
execution of efficiently moving the cannons from Fort Ticonderoga. The second major
accomplishment was his leadership in the daring Battle of Trenton. The last major accomplishment
of Henry Knox his critical role role he played in the ever so important Battle of Yorktown, resulting
in a promotion to Major General after the battle was won. Henry Knox, through his many great
accomplishments and test of character during his time as General in the Revolutionary War, merit
his acceptance on United State's
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Impact Of The Great War On The World War I
The Great War
The War to end all Wars"
1914 – 1918
The First World War was one of the most remarkable wars in history. Out of one shot from a Serbian
rebel came one of the bloodiest conflicts in human history, and one of the most revolutionary.
(importance of world war one, 2015) The purpose of this assignment was to find out the role of
Australia in the war and its impact upon the nation. In this assignment, key events and actions that
lead to the outbreak of war and Australia's involvement in the war will be talked about. A particular
element of the First World War is the technology that was used. Weaponry, artillery, aircrafts and
technological advances will also be mentioned.
Outbreak of World War 1 The First World ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As the war progressed, further acts of aggression drew other countries into the conflict. (How did
the First World War start?, 2015) Australia became involved in the First World War because they
were part of the British Empire at the time. Once Britain declared war, Australia was automatically
involved in the war, as well as all her other colonies.
Technology in World War 1 World War One had introduced machine guns, modern artillery and
airplanes to the battlefield. Horses were removed from the battlefield, replaced by tanks in 1916.
(World War 1, 2015) A wide variety of weapons were used in this period of time. Before World War
I, there were no machine guns. Instead, hand–cranked Gatling guns were used, and riflemen had to
reload after every shot. However, it was in the First World War that the machine gun would rise to
dominate the battlefields. By 1914, gas–driven, water–cooled machine guns had been perfected. A
two–man team could fire hundreds of rounds per minute. (World War 1, 2015) It was easy to kill
opposing army on a larger scale, did not require constant reloading, was accurate and was easily
mountable on many things like ships and planes. Because of the use of machine guns, trenches were
used extensively in World War 1. A trench is a long, narrow

Fort Bliss Is A Military Base For The United States Army
Fort bliss is a military base for the united states army located in the sates of new mexico and texas
but with its main location in el paso. The second largest military base which is getting just bigger
and bigger in population aand in size. With an area of about 1,700 square feet as well as having the
largest amry maneuver area, it has a population of 8,951 according to 2010 census making it the
biggest installment of the army base accorsding to the handbook of texas online. Fort bliss is the
home of the 1st armored division 32nd army air and missle defense command and air defense
artiellery bridge the united states compelled to establish a military post on the rio grande by el paso
del norte for the need to maintain regltions. (metz) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As well as for the water spply the city found that desalination was a usable method for growing the
water supply as up tp 25% the kay bailey hutchson desalintation plant on montana avenue is located
on the fort bliss property and desalinates ground water used by el paso and fort bliss.
Fort bliss has its own headquarters they have their own operation to provide the us army with
missiles and anti aircraft defense capabilities. It also improves to have live fire training for all
weapons available in the army. Fort bliss also improves to join with foreign units to train them to
take on their operation in their place. The main thing for fort bliss is to become the main base for
army equipment and training. While fort bliss mintors the missile launches that are usualy tested in
the white sands missile range which is 25 miles near the mcgregor complex which hhad traingin for
the air defense team its wanting to become the premiere military base. Fort bliss was mainly
established to maintain order and law in newly gained southwest of thw us o protect ithe border and
Californian settlers form the indins, at the time its budget problems for fort bliss were marking
problems which caused it to close several times.

Air Defense Artillery On The Vietnam War Essay
Air Defense Artillery's Role in the Vietnam War
SSG Arsenault, SSG Everett, SSG Powell, SGT Kencsan
ADAALC
(INTRODUCTION) In August 1964, Vietnamese DRV torpedo boats attacked two U.S. destroyers
in the Gulf of Tonkin. President London B. Johnson ordered the retaliatory bombing of military
targets in North Vietnam. Shortly after the incident, U.S. congress passed the Gulf of Tonkin
Resolution, giving President Johnson war–making powers, and U.S. planes began regular bombing
raids (Reference http://www.history.com/topics/vietnam–war/vietnam–war–history ). In Vietnam,
the US enjoyed virtual air supremacy. Nevertheless, Air Defense Artillery (ADA) units were able to
distinguish themselves and prove their versatility by providing fire support to ground forces. ADA
earned more than 450 medals for valor, receiving more than 1000 Purple Hearts, and one
Congressional Medal of Honor awarded to SGT Mitchell Stout (Reference
http://www.usc.edu/dept–00/dept/armyrotc/branches/air_defense.html ). Despite there being no
confirmed aerial engagements, Air Defense Artillery played a vital role in the Vietnam War, and
were at times crucial to battle success, proving their versatility, adaptability, flexibility. Air Defense
Artillery (ADA) got its origins in the Coastal Artillery Corps. During World War I (WWI), planners
saw a need for antiaircraft artillery to protect ground forces from the newly emerging aerial threat
(Reference

The Killer Angels By Michael Shaara
Shawn Gacy
American Lit.
Mrs. Moyer
September 11, 2015
Summer Reading The book I chose to read over the summer was the book The Killer Angels, by
Michael Shaara. The Killer Angels tells the story of the Battle of Gettysburg. On July 1, 1863, the
Confederate army, and the Union army, fought the largest battle of the American Civil War. When
the battle ended, fifty one thousand men were KIA (Killed In Action), wounded, or MIA (Missing in
Action). All the characters in this book are based on real figures that fought in this great battle. The
characters include General Robert Lee, commander of the Confederate army; General James
Longstreet, Lee's second in command; and Union Colonel Joshua Chamberlain, who fought in one
of the most famous parts of the Battle of Gettysburg, the fighting on Little Round Top. The story
begins on June 29, 1863 with a spy going to Longstreet and informing him that he had seen the
Union army moving nearby. This information surprises Longstreet, because General Stuart is
supposed to be following the Union army with his cavalry. Longstreet thinks the Confederate army
must quickly move north to intercept the Union. The Confederates swing southeast, through the
mountains, and toward a town called Gettysburg. Miles south of Gettysburg, Chamberlain awakes to
discover that his regiment, the Twentieth Maine, has a hundred new members called mutineers.
They were called that because they thought they signed up for a one year service, but they

The Meuse Argonne Offensive Of World War I
The Meuse–Argonne offensive of World War I began in the fall of 1918. The offensive began in the
dawn of 26 September 1918 and concluded on 11 November 1918 after forty–seven days. The
massive and bloody offensive pitted the newly formed American Expeditionary Force (AEF)
referred to its allies as the "Doughboys" led by General John "Black Jack" Pershing against a
heavily fortified German force entrenched between the Meuse River and Argonne Forest located
northwest of Verdun in the Alsace–Lorraine region. The battle became the bloodiest and deadliest in
the Army's history. This battle analysis will examine the Meuse–Argonne offensive.
Background
The Great War also called World War I started on 4 August 1914. The war was the result of ... Show
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The victory at Meuse–Argonne on 11 November 1918 led to the armistice that ended the Great War.
The weather in the Meuse–Argonne region in the fall of 1918 presented cold rain, heavy fog, and
mist. All three reduced visibility affecting maneuver, aerial support and artillery support. However,
the rain presented a greater challenge resulting from flooded trenches and roads, muddy ground that
slowed maneuver, and reduced morale and increased in cases of pneumonia due to the wet
conditions.
The terrain in the Meuse–Argonne region in its natural form and after three years of fortification
favored the German Army. The battlefield resembled a funnel with the wide end serving as the start
point for the AEF to begin its maneuver towards the spout where fortified positions awaited to the
north. It naturally afforded the defending Germans clear observation and fields of fire for German
machine guns to engage approaching Allied troops.
To the western edge of the AEF's front line, the dense Argonne Forest ran generally north–northwest
while twenty miles to the eastern edge of the front line stood the impassable Meuse River running
north to south; both reduced the avenues of approach forcing the AEF to advance towards the
seemingly impregnable defense. Key terrain offered a wooded landscape along the hills, ridges, and
valleys provided the Germans natural concealment. Obstacles such as streams and low ground

Yorktown Attack
The American and French Artillery where the prime component that led to the triumph over the
British during the Battle of Yorktown in 1781. Both the Americans and the French utilized their
seasoned gunners to fire over fifteen thousand rounds during the nine day siege. The precision and
lethalness of the Allied artillery was one of the key factors that led Lord Cornwallis surrender at
Yorktown. One year prior to the battle, the French allied forces set up a plan to attack the British
fleet that was set to arrive at the mouth of the harbor near Yorktown. Great Britain and the Thirteen
Colonies were engaged in a conflict in North America that lasted over eight years in total. The
Battle of Yorktown took place later in the American Revolutionary ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
By using careful tactics, techniques, and procedures, the American Colonies were able to make good
use of their artillery to help combat the superior opposing artillery force. Lord Cornwallis' artillery
crew teams lacked the experience and skill that the American–French artillery forces had used. By
using special munitions and creative efforts, they were able to overpower the British and eventually
led them into a siege. They were cut off from rations, water, and other outside supplies which
rendered them incapable of fighting back. The British troops had resorted to eating rancid meat and
dysentery as well as smallpox had begun to spread throughout the ranks. The siege only lasted nine
days, which was also the entire period of which the battle was actually fought. This battle had
provided us with some knowledge of how we could use artillery to win battles in a short period of
time, when correctly employed. Artillery was the most vital key factor in this battle because it
helped to defend the American Colonies from the British forces and kept them pinned down or
backed into a corner with no possible opportunity of egressing. The British reinforcements were
unable to reach their counterparts in time as Lord Cornwallis had been waiting for them to hopefully

Advanced General Chemistry Course Analysis
General Chemistry (CH101/102) and Advanced General Chemistry (CH151/152) are the
introductory science courses that all cadets take as part of the core curriculum consisting of 26
common core courses and are designed to provide a general background in chemistry principles.
The courses include the study of the nature of matter, atomic/molecular structure and the
fundamental concepts of scientific principles, theories and concepts.
Cadets are also exposed to opportunities to engage with programs such as the end–of–semester
program the Military Chemistry Lecture or MILCHEM when experts in the field of military science
demonstrate chemistry's relevance and chemistry's relevance to the Army. This end–of–semester
lecture was December 14–15 at Bartlett Hall.
"This enrichment connects the foundational chemistry concepts the cadets have learned in the
classroom over the course of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Cadets are also exposed to areas of research they are able to participate in via summer internships
through collaboration with the Department of Chemistry and Life Science. Historically, this event is
the highlight of the semester for cadets."
Cadets, primarily freshman in the core science courses engage in the MILCHEM program at the end
of each semester.
Experts from the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) Education Project
Office at Picatinny Arsenal, New Jersey and the 2nd Civil Support Team (WMD), New York Army
National Guard Scotia, New York provided cadets with hands–on demonstrations.
Picatinny Arsenal provided hi–tech instruction in topics like Large Caliber Gun Tubes, 3D Printing
and Soldier Weapons and the Civil Support Team provided demonstration in Weapons of Mass
Destruction with detecting equipment like gas

Research Paper On The Battle Of The Bulge
The Battle of the Bulge
SSG Springer, SSG Sullivan, SSG Victor, SSG Almanzar, SSG Stierlen
SLC 13B40 Class 001–018
The Battle of the Bulge
The Battle of the Bulge, known as the Ardennes Offensive, was the largest battle fought on the
Western Front in Europe during World War II and the largest battle ever fought by the U.S. Army.
The battle was Hitler's last major battle in World War II; an attempt to push the Allied front line west
from northern France to northwestern Belgium. Hitler attempted to split the Allies in two in their
drives toward Germany and destroy the ability to supply themselves (Weintraub, 2007). The
Germans lost so many troops and equipment that they could not launch another attack on the Allied
forces. The Battle of the Bulge is most significant in that it ruined the German army. Essentially, the
Battle of the Bulge brought about the end of World War II (Weintraub, 2007). During the Battle of
the Bulge, the American Artillery units had been equipped with new American weapons. All the
divisions' Artillery was motorized after the discovery of a defect found on the French Artillery Gun
that the Americans used during World War I. The U.S. Army managed to replace all its World War I
artillery pieces with the new, modernized howitzers and convert from horse–drawn to motorized
artillery. The American artillery units were equipped with M105mm, M155mm and M155mm self–
propelled Howitzers and with proximity fuzes, the most notable advances

Observer Fires Essay
FM 3–09.30
Final Draft
CRC
Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Observed Fire and Fire Support at Battalion Task Force and
Below
FINAL DRAFT
31 May 2001
FM 3–09.30 (6–30) Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Observed Fire and Fire Support at
Battalion Task Force and Below
DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
ARMY
HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
Preface
The purpose of this field manual (FM) is to provide a source for the most current essential
information about fire support at the battalion task force and company team levels and discuss the
technical, operational, and organizational aspects of observed fire procedures. The doctrinal
foundations for this ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Distribution is unlimited. ________ *This publication supersedes FM 6–20–20, 27 December 1991
and FM 6–30, 16 July 1991
i
FM 3–09.30 (6–30) FINAL DRAFT
____________________________________________________________
__

Chapter 3
COMPANY TEAM FIRE SUPPORT......................................................................... 3–1 Fire Support
Team .................................................................................................... 3–1 Preparation for
Operations........................................................................................ 3–5 Vehicle Employment
Options.................................................................................... 3–7 Observation
Posts..................................................................................................... 3–8 Company Team Fire
Support Planning Using the Troop Leading Procedures ...... 3–10 Required Products

The United Kingdom 's Air Defense
The United Kingdom 's Air Defense
1. Introduction
The United Kingdom's air defense is responsible for surveillance and controlling of systems to
improve airport and aircraft security. It plays a role in creating awareness through early warning
systems in case of impending air attacks. The air command provides ground fighters with ground
control in coordination with naval ships in waters in order to maintain the nation's integrity by
protecting its airspace. This paper discusses the cultural awareness of the United Kingdom and how
it deals with operational environment variables that include political, military, economical, social,
information, infrastructure, physical environment, and time.
2. United Kingdom Air Surveillance and Control ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The air defense also controls the aircraft. Through the fighter controllers, the air force provides
tactical coordination and control to aircrafts used in air defense by regular police. The air force also
trains in air defense. Ground attack forces are able to conduct training with their air defense
colleagues through the coordination by the air force controllers. The air force takes part in the quick
reaction alert whereby aircrafts are held ready all day to investigate intruding aircrafts into the
United Kingdom airspace. The United Kingdom air forces work closely with the NATO in the
identification of unknown aircrafts. Indeed, the NATO air force issues guidance and direction to the
United Kingdom forces in launching quick reaction alert.
The Field Manual FM 3–24–2 represents a support system for the security agencies in
understanding the environment where military operations are conducted. The Manual was
developed by the United States in 2008 to create mutual understanding between the military forces
and the operating environment. It is hoped by the United States the manual can contribute towards
the future threats directed to the United States. The manual is motivated by prospects that the future
confrontations are likely to be less conventional and, therefore, the military needs to be more aware
of a structure focused on the restoration of services and negotiation of

The Battle Of Ia Drang Nco Academy
Title of the Document Goes Here
SFC Byron Allred, SFC Niup, SFC Paige, SFC Terrance Retch
SLC #13D 001–16
Fort Sill NCO Academy
The Battle of Ia Drang was the first major battle between regulars of the United States Army and
regulars of the People 's Army of Vietnam of North Vietnam during the Vietnam Conflict. The two–
part battle took place between November 14 and November 18, 1965, at two landing zones West of
Plei Me in the Central Highlands of South Vietnam, precisely at the footstep of Chu Pong massif, 25
kilometers west of Plei Me as part of the U.S. airmobile offensive codenamed Operation Silver
Bayonet I (November 9–18, 1965). The battle derives its name from the Drang River which runs
through the valley west of Plei Me, where the engagement took place (Ia means "river" in the local
Montagnard language). Representing the American forces were elements of the 3rd Brigade, 1st
Cavalry Division: the 1/7 AC Battalion, 2/7 AC Battalion and the 2/5 AC Battalion of the 2nd Air
Cavalry Brigade of the United States Army, facing elements of the B3 Front of the PAVN (including
the 304th Division) and Viet Cong). The battle involved close air support by U.S. Army helicopter
gunships and U.S. Air Force and U.S. Navy tactical jet aircraft, and a bombing attack by USAF B–
52s. The initial North Vietnamese assault against the landing 1st Battalion, 7th Cavalry at LZ X–
Ray was repulsed after two days and nights of heavy fighting on November 14–16, with the

Narrative Essay On Texas Adventure
Deep in the heart of Texas, six boys were on an adventure. Teven, Tyler, Cole, Luke, land and
myself. They decided to put the land in Texas to good use, they would make it an airsoft field. There
was an old barn full of airsoft guns and one technical with an airsoft 50. cal. Our vehicle was a !!14
military humvee with an airsoft mini gun attached to the . there was 2 bases armed with snipers,
mini guns, and RPGs. I was in the FBI with teven and tyler and cole, luck, and lane was the
terrorist, tyler was on the mini gun on the suv, and teven and I was on the mini gun we wanted and
at night we see something in the trees we all thought we were under attack but there was raccoons
then the seen a technical they started shooting the mini gun there in the opened so teven and I went
to the 50. cal snipers and we shot tyler got out but got ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
teven and I was up in the trees and we ambushed them luck was driving the technical and cole was
on the 50. cal teven and I was got cold out and luck drove off and it started to get to morning and we
started to head back to base when we got back luck had made a trap and teven got out. a black hawk
came and dropped some ammo, artillery, and an airsoft seal team it was just me that had 3 lives left
and the seal team and luke that had 2 life left and his seal team. I set up my base and my seal team
was set up too. then out on the horizon there was luke with his convoy with the technical he called
in his artillery and killed half of my seal team he was coming down the hill in his convoy and we
shot at him and he shot at us. we were in war for about a half an hour and when he got closer I used
my artillery on my pushion and

The Battle Of Team Desobry At The Town Of Noville
INTRODUCTION
This mission command analysis evaluates the battle of Team Desobry at the town of Noville,
Belgium. These events took place 18–19 December 1944, and later impacted the battle fought at
Bastogne during World War II. It is the goal of this review to discuss and analyze three mission
command principles displayed during this battle: Create shared understanding, exercise disciplined
initiative, and the acceptance of prudent risk. One of the main characters that took part in this story
was the 20th Armored Infantry Battalion, 10th Armored Division. The commanding officer of this
element was Major William R. Desobry. During the events of World War II, the German forces were
trying to gain control of the Ardennes to cut off the allies' supply lines in order to isolate British
forces from the American troops. A pivotal task for German forces to attain this goal was to gain
access and take control of the Belgian town of Bastogne. However, an important strategic stepping
stone to get there was Noville, which is just seven kilometers northeast of Bastogne. Two main
reasons made Noville such a critical location for the Germans: First, it had a junction of roads that
were important for displacement of German forces to the West. Second, it provided an alternative
road to access Bastogne from the north.1
DESCRIPTION OF THE BATTLE On 17 December, 1944, five German divisions were able to
push through the VIII Corps' defensive line 100 miles east of Bastogne nullifying

Ia Dang Valley Analysis
They Were Soldiers An analysis of Fire Support in the Ia Drang Valley and critical comparison to
today's United States Army Field Artillery Branch SGT Jonathon Frank, SSG Samuel Last, SGT
Ryan Molaskey, SGT Jeremiah Schaller 13F Advanced Leader's Course, Field Artillery Center of
Excellence The Battle of the Ia Drang Valley took place on November 14th, 1965. It is known for
impressive boots–on–the–ground leadership, is hailed as the first employment of the helicopter as an
effective fire support asset, and is the first record of United States regular troops in Vietnam directly
engaging the North Vietnamese Army in combat. This analysis of fire support employment during
the Battle of the Ia Drang Valley seeks to compare the innovations, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
First–hand account We Were Soldiers Once...and Young: Ia Drang – The Battle That Changed the
War in Vietnam, by Joseph Galloway, tells the story of the courage and hard fighting that occurred
in that valley. This book was made even more popular by the film made after it, We Were Soldiers.
A comparison of leadership, at any time, is difficult to conduct without first–hand knowledge.
However, relatable events and occurrences do exist. The process of providing fire support is one that
requires a streamlined process, quick–thinking individuals, and ready assets. The fire support
process of today is considerably more streamlined and structured than that of the Vietnam War. The
Army's lessons learned in places like Ia Drang have paved the way for the tactics, techniques, and
procedures used today. However, while the process and assets may be more streamlined and
abundant, today's leadership pales in comparison. A streamlined process is worth nothing if the gun
crews are slow, the Fire Direction Center doesn't check for safety concerns, and the Fires Effects
and Coordination Cell fails to deconflict. Even with the lessons learned, firing incidents still occur
in alarming numbers. From the transposing of grid coordinates, to the mixing up of target and
friendly locations, many of today's artillerymen do not exemplify the high standards of tactical and
technical competency observed in the Ia

The Trench Monologue
Jimmy was young 13–year–old boy in the eighth grade. At school one day he heard about something
that had happened forty years before and he intended to ask his father when he got home. That
afternoon he walked into the kitchen, gave his mother a hug, grabbed a cookie and walked into the
living room where Dad sat next to the window with the cat on his lap, watching the snow fall, as he
recovered from a cold. "Dad?" said Jimmy. "Hmm?? Oh, Hi Jimmy, how was school?" asked Tyler
McCrae with a smile coming to his face and a twinkle to his eye. "Pretty good. Dad, in history class
we learned about something during World War I that I had never heard about. Was there really a
cease fire during Christmas of 1914?" "Ahh yes, indeed there was, son. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
You wouldn't think that during war, we would be playing soccer games with the enemy but we were.
When the sun started drop we had a joint burial service for our dead, then reluctantly shook hands
with our new friends, gathered our things, and went back to our trenches. The last to leave the field
were the commanding officers. Our captain shook hands with the German captain; they saluted each
other, and walked back to the trench. I don't have the chocolate or coffee from my package, I gave
them to a couple of German soldiers. It's the Christmas spirit to give, and it felt like the right thing
to do. However, as I walked back to the trench one of the young German soldiers came up to me and
offered one of the infamous spiked helmets of the German army. It had been the helmet of a young
German officer I had helped to treat and was now on his way back home. In broken English the
soldier said, 'Please, take, Wolfgang will not need it. Danke, for helping mein

Battle Of Luzon Research Paper
Battle of Luzon
SSG GUZMAN ERIC J
SSG WALDO RON L
SSG ROWLAND
SSG PABLO MARK C
CLASS 13B40 503–17
SGL SFC MERGILANO
AUGUST 25 2017
Battle of Luzon
Action of 24 July 1945. One of the biggest battles during World War II was the battle of Luzon
which was fought during, 9 January – 15 August 1945, and it was a land battle in the Pacific Theater
of Operations where the Allied forces of the U.S that were against the Empire of Japan combine
forces to defeat the Japan government in the Philippines. General MacArthur was one of the
Commanding Officers during the battles against the Japanese Government, he was one defeated in
the Philippines and made a promise to return and defeat the Japanese. General MacArthur word
were "I came ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These landmarks were vital points held by the enemy as one of their best defensive strategies. Both
Question Mark and Bench Mark Hill had to become a combined operation for advancement. The
130th Infantry Regiment was the main unit assigned to the mission supported by the 43rd Division
Artillery Liaisons; 210th, 122nd, 123rd, and 124th field artillery battalion. On February 16, 130th
Infantry regiment led by Lt. Robert R. Kimball and Lt. Alfred Angulo dispatched small groups to
conduct reconnaissance, and the remainders left to assume their battle positions. After receiving
feedback, the Lieutenants formalized a plan to take the Bench Mark Hill. The Japanese forces
wasted no time; they started their attacks before the US troops could commence the assault. The
enemy had much control of the battle with the high grounds and a fearsome first line defense
throughout the Luzon's rough and mountainous terrain. The Japanese eventually shifted the US
troops focus from taking over both hills, to trying to advance through Bench Mark Hill where they
were in a dangerous situation. Struggling for possession and losing Soldiers, the 130th Infantry
troops needed a solution, and that solution was the artillery forces. They called in for fire and with
the fast and accurate fire support from the 105mm and 155mm howitzers, the infantrymen could
gain a solid position to engage

Desobry Mission Command
INTRODUCTION This mission command analysis review the battle of Team Desobry at the town
of Noville, Belgium. These events took place between 18 to 20 December 1944 which impacted
later on the battle fought at Bastogne during the World War II period. It is also the goal of this
review to discuss and analyze three mission command principles displayed during this battle: (1),
(2) and (3). One of the main protagonist forces to be part of this history was the 20th Armored
Infantry Battalion, 10th Armored Division. The commanding officer of this element was Major
William R. Desobry. (During/Among) the events of World War II the German forces were trying to
gain control of the Ardennes to cut off the supply lines in order to isolate British ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Therefore this represented a disadvantages for the American forces since they did not have the
higher ground. To increase the handicap even more, the weather at the time was predominantly
foggy, no maps of the area were available for the arriving commanders and team Desobry arrived at
Noville 18 December at 23:00 hours, depriving them from the opportunity to take initial advantage
of the area natural defenses. Desobry established teams at Bourcy road, Houffalize road and the road
to Vaux. Those teams consisted of an understrength platoon of infantry and a section of medium
tanks.¹ Through the night the Engineer troops were ordered to set up a mine field in support of the
roadblocks, however, they were unable to do so due to the heavy transit of remanent units fleeing to
the west. Many elements from the 9th Armor Division's Combat Command R, the 28th Infantry
Division and several engineer units were drafted through the night by Desobry's

The Nineteen Hundred Years
c
The fourteen hundreds was a very different era then the one of today. Not only have our ways of
lives changed, but our views on life itself have all been altered drastically. One thing that haven't
changed over the years, is the human need and want for war. Humans have been engaging in epic
battles and wars for two thousand plus years. Although the use of war as a political and social tool
has not changed, how we fight these wars have changed dramatically. This is often attributed to
many social, political, and technological advancements in the world. These changes would cause the
eventual "Limiting" of war, a tactic never before seen and in fact never before needed, a direct
consequence of war. During this term we've looked at many wars, beginning with the Italian
conflicts of 1494, and progressing all the way to the current day war in Syria and Iraq, and the one
thing that has changed and shifted the most in these five hundred years is how wars are fought, and
most importantly limited warfare. All wars no matter how small or large, have had a watershed
impact on the current way we fight and limit wars in the current day.
As technological and social changed occur, so did the nature of war, and tactics of war. In the
beginning of this course, starting with the Italian wars, which was chaos in an organized fashion.
Most Wars in this time period were fought and strategized through Infantry, Cavalry and Artillery,
the infantry was dominated by Pike formations, and the

Case Study: United States Field Artillery
Fire Support Specialist and Military Veteran with a Secret Security Clearance and 5 years of proven
experience in the United States Field Artillery. Accomplished measurable results while leading
teams of multiple soldiers in a dynamic, fast – paced environment. Possess a comprehensive
background in leading and training troops in Forward Observer combat tasks and drills derived from
conducting domestic and global operations in Poland, Germany and Bulgaria. Managed risk upon
multiple lines to protect assets, property and equipment valued over hundreds of thousands of
dollars while meeting the expectations of senior leadership. Possess extensive knowledge in
producing graphics, overlays and reports, as well as disseminating tactical information. Recipient of
multiple awards for outstanding performance and professionalism in the United States Field
Artillery.
SKILLS
Career Experiences Proficiencies
Leadership Firearm and explosives handling
Data Analysis Training and Development
Policy Implementation Organization/Communication
Microsoft Office Suite Spanish ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I set the example in all aspects of my duties, managed multiple leadership positions above my pay
grade to standard. Conducted varies field training exercises under stressful conditions including
operating out of tents in the Alaskan below freezing temperatures. Also navigating harsh terrain
mounted and on foot with map, compass, and other GPS devices while maneuvering with an
infantry platoon.
Empowered and mentored soldiers and other junior Non Commissioned Officer's by implementation
team member developed, conducted and peer evaluated classes on equipment and job specific tasks.
In addition to being trained on multiple weapons, combat life saver, hand to hand combat, room
clearing, small team tactics and being able to navigate through just about any type of terrain with
only a map and

The Battle Of Waterloo And Its Effect On Today 's Artillery
The Battle of Waterloo and its Effect on Today's Artillery
SSG Aviles–Torres, SSG Blackburn, SSG Letalu,
SSG Mageo, SSG Rodgers
13B40 001–18
Senior Leaders Course
SFC Metz
Napoleon Bonaparte, one of the world's greatest military strategists, led the French at the Battle of
Waterloo. During his time as a General, even in defeat, his tactics in the way he used artillery were
beyond reproach. His successes and errors made throughout the Battle of Waterloo had a direct
effect on how we use artillery today.
The Battle of Waterloo, which took place on 18 June 1815, was the final battle of the Napoleonic
wars and ended Napoleon's reign as emperor. The French marched ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
As the battle went on, the Prussian Army was fast approaching. When Napoleon received word of
the impending Prussian arrival, he decided to send 20,000 troops, to his left flank, to intercept the
Prussians. Although, this was a sensible approach, it severely weakened the main attack. The French
finally push through and took La Haye Sainte (the estate in the center of the Battlefield) but, this
would end up being a small victory in a battle that would have an inevitable outcome. The British
retreated their men, behind the ridge, in an attempt to hide them from the French viewpoint. The
French, thinking they had the British on their heels, sent their elite soldiers (Old Guard) up the
middle of the battlefield and over the ridge. Unknowingly to the French, Duke Wellington hatched a
plan to hide some of his troops. As the Old Guard begins its assault, of the British center line, they
are surprised by British troops lying in wait, on their flanks, in the high corn fields. The Old Guard
is routed by three horse batteries attacking their flanks. With the Prussian Army destroying the left
flank of the French Army, Wellington sounds the general charge. The charge is successful in pushing
back the French lines. Napoleon regroups his Old Guard and orders them to attack. By this time, the
Old Guard is down to under 200 men. Once again, Wellington uses his plan to hide

Why Is Malvern Hill Defense Important
The civil war, one of the most bloodiest and climacteric battles in the history of the United States.
Many battles took place during this pivotal, yet traumatic time in the United States of America. Like
any battle, there have moving parts. Within Battles they contain, Scouts, Calvary, Infantry, and Field
Artillery. Of all the moving parts on the battle field, the Field Artillery plays an important and
triumphant role, within the battlefield infrastructure. The civil war, like other wars, ubiquitous use of
artillery was important; artillery was the key to winning battles. One battle in particular, relied
densely on the field artillery. Malvern Hill was that important battle. The history of Malvern Hill is
one of many puzzle pieces, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The confederate army under the control of General Lee, was set up in various positions around the
crest of the hill, to be able to drop a converging fires on the union batteries (Krick, 2014). The cross
fire of the confederate batteries had failed of plan a course of attack. The confederate continued to
fire at the union army. The orders issued by the confederate were misunderstood and bungled. The
union under control of General Porter had set the main tempo of defense of the battle (Krick, 2014).
The union only had room for approximately 30 to 35 cannons on the slender crest of the hill. With
the union set up on the slender crest this left the confederates no cover when approaching the
exposed hill. Every time the confederate's infantry approached they were stopped and stalled off in
front of the union's wall of cannon defense (Krick, 2014). When the confederates would retreat after
confronting the unions wall of cannon defense they would face a lot of friendly fire from the
confederates cannon batteries (Krick, 2014). The confederates would periodically expel all its ammo
of a six gun batteries; once depleted a ready team would fill in for replacement. The confederates
finally found a new line to approach the hill on the western slope of the hill to be able to protect
their route (Krick, 2014). With this new route the confederates would only be able to get

The History Of Field Artillery
My dad always wanted to excel at everything he did. He also wanted to make the world a better
place for people and his kids. He is a God fearing man and a role model to me and many others. It is
in my family to work against evil and make a difference in this world; it runs in our blood. " Sheep,
Wolves, and Sheepdogs." The sheep go through life refusing to see evil. The wolves are the evil
preying on the sheep. But the sheepdogs? They protect the sheep. They fight the evil. – Unknown.
This is why we need people in the armed forces. There will always be evil out there to fight. It is a
never ending battle it takes people with dignity and honor to do this job. There will always be
people doing it for the good and their country. There will always ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
So then I asked what is commonly overlooked or unknown about this job and she said that it's not
the job that is hard it is everything else like being away from home and your family. She said that's
the hardest part of all of it.
I asked Mrs.Brown what she enjoyed the most and she said the friends and the comradery of it all.
She said it's different from your friends back home. She said it's not like anything else you have
experienced. She really enjoyed it she said. The last one I asked her was what are the qualifications
and she said a vision test, physical training, and shooting. Those were really all of them. The rest is
mental.
In conclusion, I learned that this career is very challenging and it helped me decide what I want to
do. I really liked the interview part. In the end I decided that the branch I wanted to go into isn't the
branch I want to go into any more. It really opened my eyes to everything and I don't think I am
going to go into the artillery but I want to go to the Army and be a diesel mechanic. So all in all this
helped me and it was very good to find this

Essay about America and the Normandy Invasion
The year was 1944, and the United States had now been an active participant in the war against Nazi
Germany for almost three and a half years. During this time, numerous battles had occurred which
were fought with determination and intensity on both sides. Amongst the many invasions of World
War II, there is one day which stands out more in the minds of many American soldiers than the
others. That day was June 6, 1944, more commonly known as D Day, part of the invasion of
Normandy, known as "Operation Overlord." This operation was the largest amphibious assault in
history. It was a day in which thousands of young Americans, who poured onto the beaches of
France, matured faster than they would have ever imagined. They were not prepared for ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Troops, armour, and equipment arrivals were timed to the minute. Naval barrage landed first on the
beach at 6:30 a.m., immediately followed by thirty–two light assault tanks known as DD tanks to
further subdue fortified positions and provide cover for the oncoming troops (These were held on
large freight boats known as LCTs). In the wake of this attack came the American 2nd Battalion, 8th
Infantry in twenty Higgens boats, another type of transport designed to hold a thirty–man team.
They were followed by the 1st Battalion, 8th Infantry, bringing engineers and naval demolition
teams in thirty–two more Higgens boats.6 Wave after wave of troops and equipment, containing
bulldozers, and the light and mobile Sherman Tank (see appendix B) continued to arrive. Before the
assaults began, the planners, including Allied Commander Dwight D. Eisenhower, hoped everything
would stick to the precise schedule. This hope was not a reality, as some craft landed too late, others
too early, and some off course as far as a kilometre south of the target. There were many factors
which resulted in the wronging of the time table. Tides, wind, waves, and a thick cover of smoke
were all partially responsible for the trouble, while the largest factor were the mines placed just off

Effects Of The Battle Of Waterloo
Napoleon Bonaparte, one of the world's greatest military strategists, led the French at the Battle of
Waterloo. During his time as a General, even in defeat, his tactics in the way he used artillery were
beyond reproach. His successes and errors made throughout the Battle of Waterloo had a direct
effect on how we use artillery today.
The Battle of Waterloo, which took place on 18 June 1815, was the final battle of the Napoleonic
wars and ended Napoleon's reign as emperor. The French marched into Belgium with 70,000 troops
and 256 artillery pieces (Stevenson, n.d.). They were met by the British Army led by, the Duke of
Wellington, Arthur Wellesly. Combined with its allies (Germans, Belgians, Dutch, and Prussians),
the British Army consisted of 67,000 troops and 156 artillery pieces.
Napoleon's greatest strength was the use of artillery, but with the heavy rain preceding the battle, he
worried that the muddy battlefield would restrict his artillery from advancing. This led to a fatal
miscalculation– he decides not to attack until midday, in an attempt to allow the battlefield to dry.
The delay, would allow Marshal Blucher's Prussian Army enough time to join the fight.
Napoleon starts the battle by bringing up 74 artillery pieces and begins bombarding the British with
canon fire. They sweep and zone the battlefield with 3000 rounds over 30 minutes. To counteract the
artillery fire, Duke Wellington

Field Weapons Case Study
Field Artillery is about building and sustaining relationships. Relationships will thrive or die based
upon the liaison we provide to our maneuver brethren. Regardless of origin, habitual or ad hoc, we
derive our relationship with maneuver based upon our tactical mission. Under the seven inherit
responsibilities of artillery, a battery acting in direct support will furnish its own observers to each
company–sized element and establish liaison, via a liaison officer, to the supported unit. Under this
definition, it is implied that a battery maintains the ability, organically, to supply maneuver with
sufficient and proficient personnel to control fires at the company and battalion level. For an
artillery battery to be in direct support of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Battery is provided a liaison element, leaving no discretion for the Battery Commander to
choose the personnel controlling fires. This scenario, a forward mentioned, degrades training and
increases confusion. Continuity amongst the fire support personnel and the technical data computers
is vital; the two being thrust together prior to live fire is ill advised and borderline unsafe. By simply
pulling from a pool of fires Marines, I am not confident in the voice coming over the Conduct of
Fire net. The "eye's" are not synched with the "brains", the FDC. Additionally, to the detriment of
providing liaison, FOs now view themselves as a separate agency; only responsible for the first of
the five requirements for accurate predicted fire. This has degraded not only direct support, but all
the tactical missions of reinforcing, general support and general

World War II: The Battle Of The Bulge
The Battle of the Bulge (also known as the Ardennes offensive) was part of World War II. The battle
plan was originally drafted by Adolf Hitler as operation Wacht Am Rhine. It came in the final
moments of the Third Reich. Hitler was "Staking everything on one card" in his offensive to turn the
tides in the West. It was one of many different plans under construction at the time, including a plan
drafted by Field Marshals Rundstedt and Model to encircle 10–15 Allied Divisions. When Hitler
held a conference on his plan, everyone was surprised to discover the ambitious objective: Antwerp
[See map]. To put this into perspective, the German army had an approximated ½ to ⅓ the required
fuel to make the trip. This battle would be important because ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It was also a vital road junction for German tank forces, and also important for the 6th Army
reaching the Our river. Failing to capture this junction would result in German forces having to
detour, and such time waste would not bode well for Dietrich. Thus the best German armor was
assigned to capture Elsenborn. The US had held a line slightly forward of the ridge, but could
withdraw if necessary. After a few days, a withdrawal was agreed upon by the commanders.
However, this would not be easy. 99th Division troops reported deep German penetration near the
twin villages, and were likely to come bursting out of the forest at any moment. The 99th had
thrown its reserves, thus the 2nd Armored would be responsible to defend this corridor south. It
would defend the Wirtzfeld road, and secure the twin villages until the 99th and the 2nd could
retreat to Elsenborn. The Germans were unable to shatter the eastern line of the 2nd and 99th
Divisions. However, the German strength at the twin villages had increased, with the inclusion of
Tiger tanks. The first German assault was turned back by bazooka teams. A second assault was
turned back by artillery and machine–gun fire. The twin villages

Gettysburg Artillery Analysis
The topic of discussion for our group essay, is the Artillery utilized in the battle of Gettysburg. As
we know, the battle of Gettysburg was the bloodiest battle throughout the Civil War, it holds the
longest Artillery bombardment in American history, and it utilized multiple artillery pieces and a
common technique to deliver fires. In this essay you will read a brief summary of the battle of
Gettysburg, the artillery pieces used, the common method of delivering fires, and how that has
shaped and molded the way we deliver fires currently. The artillery used in during the Battle of
Gettysburg, was continuous, lethal, and used in conjunction with infantry and Calvary.
On July 1st at Cemetery Hill, a large number of casualties from Heth and Pender's Divisions due to
the effectiveness of the Union artillery. Artillery was also used with effectiveness at the Peach
Orchard, Wheat Field, Devil's Den and Little Round Top, but during the battle, artillery is well
known for on July 3rd, commonly known as Pickett's Charge. The Confederates sent an infantry
assault of 12,000 against the Union at Cemetery Ridge, but were met by Union rifle and artillery
fire. As a result of the assault, General Lee was met with great casualties and led his troops back
towards Virginia. The Battle of Gettysburg consisted of many different types of artillery pieces,
rifled, smoothbore, and howitzers. The Confederate artillery was derived of four to six gun batteries,
and as for the Union, it was

Air Defense Artillery
Air defense artillery is our first and final line of defense against aerial attack. Since World War I.
Before air defense was established men and women faced an airborne threat in a technology driven
ever changing world. This forced progression of military power brought a then need for air defense
artillery, which will come to be its own branch in later years. The need for our branch to combat a
constant threat is met by American soldiers that have been trained proficiently in their duties. This
branch has evolved to face every problem that has risen up to cause harm. Ranging from propelled
projectiles like mortars to fast movers. Air defense has answered with swift and deadly solutions.
Evolving with our enemy's motives, going from the 75–90mm ... Show more content on
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Bliss Texas. Coming into 1950 The new concerns of air defense was no longer about establishing a
strong anti–aircraft artillery presence but combating new technologies such as jet propelled aircraft.
Due to the new mission set before air defense light AA battalions were sent to army divisions
following the Army's movements with AAA. They were tasked to help maneuvering forces
extinguish enemy ground units in the Korean War. Moving into the Vietnam War air defense played
dual roles, one as excellent ground soldiers and the other as Duster or Quad 50. operators firing
millions of rounds during the course of the war. As anti–aircraft artillery continuously grew, the
Army decided to separate them from the field artillery branch. Naming air defense artillery as their
own branch on July

The Battle Of Palo Alto
The Battle of Palo Alto The Battle of Palo Alto was the first major battle of the Mexican–American
War. The Mexican Army of the North engaged the United States Army of Occupation on a prairie
near current day Brownsville, Texas. The conflict took place on May 8th, 1846 and was followed
the next by the Battle of Resaca de la Palma, about five miles south. Both battles took place in an
area of disputed ownership and, depending on the side, were on the only battles on American soil.
Thousands of Americans, who changed citizenship and received large tracts of land from the
Mexican government, rebelled in Texas in 1835 for several reasons, including Mexico's abolition of
the locally popular Texas provincial government and its inability to ... Show more content on
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In November of 1845, President Polk named Senator James Slidell of Louisiana as the new
American minster to Mexico (Haecker, 1994), and was sent to secretly negotiate with Mexican
President Jose Joaquin de Herrera. However, he was overthrown by General Mariano Parades y
Arrillaga, Commander of the Army of the North, who denied negotiation with the Americans and
demanded the return of the disputed area of Texas. During this time, Polk ordered General Zachary
Taylor, who was preemptively stationed at Corpus Christi, to move his unit down to Port Isabel at
the mouth of the Rio Grande and Gulf of Mexico. This only increased tensions between the two
nations, which came to a height with the construction of the U.S. Fort Texas on the north bank of the
Rio Grande, opposite the Mexican town of Matamoros, a natural choke point (Carney, 2005).
Up to the War, the American and Mexican armies were about as much the same as they were
different. The American force, renamed the U.S. Army of Occupation, was led by General Taylor
who had severed in the army since the War of 1812 and was known by his men as "Old Rough and
Ready." The American Army, organized based on European models, had a strength of 8,613 men
and contained only regulars (Carney, 2005). These infantrymen enlisted for five years, and was
made up of 42 percent foreign nationals, of which 50 percent were Irish. The U.S. Army

Understanding And Importance Of Following Orders
The purpose of this counselled essay is to explain my understanding and importance of following
orders. This essay will have several sections to explain different areas where following orders
effects. . I will cover the significance of following orders within the unit, prominence of following
order within the artillery world, results of failure to follow orders, and how following orders will
help me in the future. The importance of these procedures created by my superiors are apparent in a
soldier's daily life. Following Orders within the Unit To start this essay off I want to begin with the
oath I took at the beginning of my career. Considering this oath would be a revolving point in my
paper I need to have it as a basis. "I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support and defend the
Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith
and allegiance to the same; and that I will obey the orders of the President of the United States and
the orders of the officers appointed over me, according to regulations and the Uniform Code of
Military Justice." To follow orders within the unit promotes morale, Esprit de corps, the completion
of tasks and details that promote the benefit of the unit as a whole, and transition of communication
in the unit. When orders are not being followed, it creates a doubt within the mind of not only the
Noncommissioned Officer, but the other core leaders of the soldier. The soldier himself or

Army Leadership Definition
Too often the Army seeks to solve dynamic issues through management processes while
underutilizing leadership. The Army is prone to this in part because it does not distinguish between
leadership and management in doctrine or practice. There has been an ongoing debate in Military
review as to the relationship between command, leadership and management. In the Army,
leadership and management merge into one concept. As leadership is doctrinally conceptualized in
managerial terms, it limits the scope of personal power. It is difficult, if not impossible, to conduct
management functions that stretch outside the bounds of a given authority. Management is
important and necessary; however, leadership initiates effective and lasting change in our Soldiers.
The Army's definition of leadership is "the process of influencing people by providing purpose,
direction, and motivation" (ADP 6–22, 2012). However, the Army's, Army Doctrinal Reference
Publication (ADRP) 1–02 does not include a doctrinal definition for management nor is there a
definition in the Joint Publication 1–02. Merriam–Webster defines management as "the act or art
conducting or supervising" (Merriam–Webster, 2017). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I was a Field Artillery Section Chief, now put in charge of 14 Soldiers, two HUMVEEs, and a M105
MM Towed Howitzer. I was eager to take on the challenge of leading my Soldiers. In the Artillery
world, there is a muzzle cover that the "Top Gun" section gets, this award visualizes to the rest of
the battalion who the best gun crew is. That soon became my goal as a Section Chief. For months, I
practiced with my gun crew, I would watch videos, and read our doctrine to ensure that I was
leading my section down the path of victory. It took my section almost a year and a half to
accomplish this collective goal of ours, and it was a prideful day when it

Technology In War Research Paper
Technology at times have been referred to as inventions which create values for human beings and
help them in living a better lifestyle, but no one would have ever thought technology would have
even played an important role in war. The way wars are conducted have changed leaps and bounds
from early 1800s to modern days. Industrial revolution and technologies have transformed how the
warfare is conducted. Although technology might have helped opponents of the war to showcase
their strengths during warfare and win wars, however certain reforms used in warfare had its effects
(positive or negative) on the civilian citizens too.
Since start of midcentury, industrial revolution had started shaping the warfare. The technological
advancements ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It was felt that it is important that manufacturing science should consider equipping the soldiers
with guns which could make a bigger impact for the enemies. The armies have come a long way
since they fought with spears, bows and arrows. Undoubtedly, the greatest technological reform
came in the field artillery. (WORLD HISTORY OF WARFARE Archer, Christon I., 1940–; Ferris,
John Robert, 1956–; Herwig, Holger H.; Travers, Timothy., c2002. Armed forces are one of biggest
resource used in warfare and weapons are their tools provided, to help maneuver them in the fields.
These weapons are designed to make maximum impact on enemies in terms of harm or kill or
making them disabled, so that infantry soldiers can make inroads to enemy's territory. Technological
advancement in weapons is just not only attributed to change in physical form of weapon, but there
is lot of physics, chemistry, mechanics are involved in development of weapons. Previously, guns
had been cast in individual molds and hence been much too heavy to drag across battlefields.
Starting in eighteen century and until World War 1 various types of artillery guns were developed
and used in war, however each one of these had their limitations. For example, prior to World War 1,
Gatling gun was the most popular automatic rapid fire weapon, however it was quite heavy which
limited its use in warfare. Later British developed Vickers gun, however it required six– man team
to operate his gun. Subsequently Americans invented Lewis gun, an automatic machine gun. This
gun was gas powered and just weighted 28lbs. It could fire 500–600 rounds per minute with
maximum muzzle velocity of 2,440 feet per seconds. The machine gun was an effective addition to
arsenals during this time of

Robert Graves Research Paper
Robert Graves had a very intresting childhood. He became part of multiple different school that
where all held at high levels. Many of the schools were much too difficult for Graves, which
eventually led to his removal by his father's hand. Most of his childhood and teen years were held at
a school of some kind. Grave's childhood for the most part though could be seen as luxurious. He
was brought up in a home with connections through literature and had great role models as parents.
A good portion of Robert Grave's childhood was held in Wimbledon(at least his home life).
However, most of it was held in a border school of some kind. Grave's mother was strict on her sons
and made sure that they didn't waste their lives, but use them to further ... Show more content on
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He felt no fulfillment in the job that he had been assigned. Graves found himself yearning to be a
part of the fighting. Something he hadn't even considered before. After finally been given a chance
to be sent to France, he was told that he was not allowed to leave until he cleaned himself up and
looked more like a soldier. For a while, Graves leaned back on his boxing experience while he
waited for the "ok" to be sent to France. Little did Graves know, but his boxing skills ended up
getting him his ticket to

Air Defense History
The Air Defense Artillery is a necessary branch of the US Army today. Its complex weapon systems
and highly trained service members accomplish its mission to deter enemy air threats. From its
birth, many didn't consider it to be a necessary part of the US military. For many years Air Defense
struggled to prove itself worthy. The branch has adapted its technology through the years to counter
advances in technology, and produced a Medal of Honor recipient. Although, Air Defense has not
been actively used in every US conflict, it has carved a place for itself among the best of the US
military. With the invention of the aircraft, the United States military had to quickly produce a new
method to defeat this new threat. Field Artillery ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In this ever changing environment and in order to protect the interest in the United States, the
military and government contractors have teamed up in order to make state of the art
communication systems and guided missiles with global positioning system assistance. After these
upgrades to defend against new age threats like Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles, the United States
Government have fielded the equipment to the Air Defense units in order to provide protection. The
fielding has be seen in Japan, Korea, Afghanistan, U.A.E, Italy, Germany, along with a few other
countries. With these advances there have been amazing results on the battle field, as in expedient
reactions when reacting to indirect artillery fire to creating an all in one system known as the Iron
Dome which is in use in Israel. In this new technological era, Air Defense is playing a bigger role
than before because of the ability to communicate to other units with the same system as well as to
prevent fratricide within the battle field. The Air Defense branch also uses radars on the
electromagnetic spectrum in order to tell exactly where an aircraft is at in the sky in a three–
dimensional

Monte Cassino Battle
The attack on Monte Cassino was a bloody affair and one that was dubbed the Stalingrad of the
Italian front. The battle saw a plethora of high explosives exchanged between the Allied and Axis
forces of World War Two. Polish forces had one unlikely war hero on their side, a Syrian brown bear
named Wojtek, which translates in Slavik to, "he who loves war". He was essential in moving
ammunition for the Polish 22nd Artillery Supply Company during the Battle of Monte Cassino,
which allowed them to continue to bombard Axis forces within the city while boosting the morale of
friendly forces engaged in the deadly battle. This essay will continue to address the history and
outcome of the Battle of Monte Cassino, the evolution and contribution provided ... Show more
Today's military still utilizes the attack and defensive techniques presented in this battle by the
Allied and Axis forces. It is also important to take away the role that Wojtek played, and how a
simple solution to a difficult problem can vastly change the tactics, techniques and procedures of a
military force in future operations. One of the most valuable tools to understand is how to use and
implement the lessons learned process to improve and dominate future military operations. As the
fires community moves forward it should continue to understand the role that it plays to shape
offensive and defensive operations, either in a standalone method or as part of a joint attack to
control the ground force commander's

Air Defense Artillery in Middle East Operations Essay
Our nation has been in conflict with the Middle East for over two and a half decades. Air Defense
Artillery has made a huge impact in Middle East conflicts. The threats that make Air Defense
Artillery a necessity for these conflicts include a number of aircraft, such as planes, jets and
helicopters as well as launched munitions like scud missiles and mortars. Air Defense Artillery is an
ever evolving force and has been there for protection of American forces against these threats. Air
Defense Artillery is a group of weapons that divide the airspace into two different sectors. Short
Range Air Defense, also known as SHORAD, defends against low altitude, short range aircraft and
munitions. High to Medium Altitude Air Defense, also known ... Show more content on
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The Avenger is capable of eliminating the same threats as the Stinger missile system. The Counter,
Rocket, Artillery, Mortar system, also referred to as the CRAM, is a combination of a gun called
Phalanx and a Sentinel Radar. A Sentinel Radar for spotting incoming rockets and mortars. The
Phalanx and Sentinel work together to eliminate rocket and mortar threats. The first SHORAD Air
Defense unit to deploy to this conflict was 5th Battalion, 62nd Air Defense Artillery. 5/62 ADA was
a Vulcan Stinger unit that originally deployed on 12 August 1990 to protect Patriot units due to their
vulnerability from low flying, air breathing threats. 5/62 ADA was later split up and each battery
given assignments to protect other types of units. Examples of these assignments are; Alpha Battery
joined the 75th Field Artillery Brigade and Bravo Battery joined 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment.
(Henry) All–encompassing the mission of SHORAD, 5/62 ADA protected many different assets
from air breathing threats during the Gulf War. Other SHORAD units from the past and present
include 6th Battalion 52nd Air Defense Artillery, 2nd Battalion, 3rd Air Defense Artillery and 5th
Battalion, 5th Air Defense Artillery. The stated units have been, or are still currently, SHORAD
based only. SHORAD units still prove invaluable during modern conflicts as well. Units that deploy

Trebuchet History
The first records of counterweight trebuchets began appearing in the 12th century. Proving to be an
excellent siege weapon, many militaries began using this. Though stone–throwing artillery had been
employed by both the Greeks and Romans, they were usually powered by torsion or tension; the
trebuchet was the first war machine to use gravity and leverage to fire projectiles.They were used
widely during the Crusades, in which the European militaries, especially the French, used the
trebuchet to lay siege to Muslim cities in the hopes of capturing the "holy land."
The word trebuchet comes from the Middle French verb trebuch which means "tumble" or "fall
over," which was the intent of what the throwing arm did when it was released. The average mass of
projectiles used in medieval times were around 50–100 kilograms, with a range of about 300 metres.
They were extremely effective against castle walls; in fact, they were so effective that architects
began to design new castles to be able to withstand the raw power and force of the trebuchet.
Sometimes, corpses and carcasses were launched with trebuchets over castle walls as an early form
of biological warfare. For example, in 1422 during the Hussite Wars, Prince Korybut shot men and
manure into Karlstejn Castle and was apparently successful in spreading disease within the walls. ...
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They were easier to use and would not have the disastrous effects that earlier machines would have
if not meticulously maintained. They also did not require the precise parts like gears, locks and
frames that torsion and tension machines used, instead, it was able to be constructed in the field
almost entirely out of lumber and using

Battle Of Chipyong-Ni Battle Analysis
The Forces led by Gen Mathew B. Ridgeway at The Battle of Chipyong–Ni were comprised of
various Nations; South Korea, French, and United States. These united Armies are composed of the
following forces, 2nd Battalion 23rd Infantry Regiment Golf Co, (2nd Infantry regiment) led by
Col. Paul L. Freeman, 37th Field Artillery Battalion, 82nd Anti–Aircraft Artillery, 503rd Field
Artillery Bravo Battery, 23rd RTC, and 1st Ranger Co. The French forces include the French
Battalion of the United Nations Organization. In all Gen. Ridgeway has over 4,500, to include 2,500
front line infantrymen, to defend the small town of Chipyong–NI. The Chinese offensive includes
over 5 divisions of the Chinese Volunteer People's Army encompassing soldiers of the ... Show more
Ridgeway's men spent the entire day rebuilding and enhancing their defenses. He ordered recon
patrols to be pushed out and deny enemy movement. A patrol led by LT. McGee who was in charge
of one of these recon patrols found and captured five enemy Chinese hiding in a culvert, and
returned with an additional 17 wounded Chinese Soldiers. The Artillerymen focused their efforts on
their defensive posture and relaying the howitzers, moving them from two platoon formations to
laying the howitzers in pairs. There was a lone building close to the Artillery position, outside of the
security perimeter, that they decided to destroy it using direct fire and white phosphorus before the
Chinese could occupy and use it as a strong point. During the evening of the 14th Gen. Ridgeway
held a meeting at the FDC tent to discuss the night's defensive plans and capabilities. After the
meeting everyone felt confident and secure about holding out through the night against another
possible Chinese Offensive. The meeting also brought to light a possible Chinese offensive plan of
action. It was determined that the Chinese might use a natural saddle in the terrain that approaches
the right Flank directly behind the firing batteries. In response to this threat Gen. Ridgeway's
officers agreed to place three out post positions and two B.A.R. teams in defense of the avenue of
approach. The 23rd RCT was in charge of incoming supplies throughout the day, receiving

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