Materi Kuliah Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah

1. SWOT ANALYSIS
Program Studi Ilmu Administrasi Publik
Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik
Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

2. PropertyofGandungIsmanto
Daftar Isi
Simulasi
Metode Analisis
Tujuan dan Manfaat
SWOT sebagai Analisis Situasi
Pengertian

3. PropertyofGandungIsmanto
Situational Analysis
Current
Situation
Position
Situational
Analysis
Conclusions
Self-Evaluation
SWOT
Analysis
Root-Cause
Analysis
Problems Statement
……………………
……………………
……………………
Strength Weaknesses
………… …………
………… …………
Opportunities Threats
…………. …………
…………. …………
Restraining forces
Driving forces
Force-Field
Analysis
Rencana Strategis - Strategic Planning (global)
Rencana Operasional - Tactical Planning (detail)

4. PropertyofGandungIsmanto
Root-Cause Analysis
Gejala 1
Gejala 2
Gejala 4
Gejala 5
Gejala 6
Akar
masalah
Solusi 1
Solusi 2
Solusi 3
Solusi 4
Solusi 5 Solusi
terpilih
Akar
masalah
Solusi 1
Solusi 2
Solusi 3
Solusi 4
Solusi 5
Solusi
terpilih
Solusi
terpilih
Gejala 3

5. PropertyofGandungIsmanto
Force-Field Analysis
Kesimpulan
Kondisi R
Kondisi A
Kondisi I
Kondisi S
Kondisi E
Faktor Pendorong
Faktor Penghambat
Kondisi saat ini (status quo)
- Faktor Pendorong
ditambah/ditingkatkan?
- Faktor penghambat
diturunkan/dikurangi?
Jumlah % Jumlah % Jumlah %
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1995/1996 15 40.54% 18 48.65% 4 10.81% 37 2.58
1996/1997 13 33.33% 20 51.28% 6 15.38% 39 2.67
1997/1998 14 28.57% 27 55.10% 8 16.33% 49 2.70
1998/1999 15 30.00% 26 52.00% 9 18.00% 50 2.70
1999/2000 17 25.37% 39 58.21% 11 16.42% 67 2.67
Total 74 30.58% 130 53.72% 38 15.70% 242 2.67
TahunLulus
IPKRata-
rata
Total
Lulusan
IPK<2.5 IPK2.5 -3.0 IPK>3.0
Kesimpulan :
……………
……………
Kesimpulan :
……………
……………
Internal data
External data

6. PropertyofGandungIsmanto
SWOT
Analysis
Oppurtunity
Threats
Strengths
Weakness
Acronym for Strengths,
Weaknesses, Opportunities,
and Threats.
Technique is credited to Albert
Humphrey who led a research
project at Stanford University
in the 1960s and 1970s.
Planning tool used to
understand Strengths,
Weaknesses, Opportunities, &
Threats involved in a project /
business.
Used as framework for
organizing and using data
and information gained from
situation analysis of internal
and external environment.
Technique that enables a
group / individual to move from
everyday problems / traditional
strategies to a fresh
perspective.
SWOT is...

7. PropertyofGandungIsmanto
A SWOT analysis guides you to identify the positives and
negatives inside your organization (Strength & Weakness) and
outside of it, in the external environment (Opportunity & Threat).
Developing a full awareness of your situation can help with both
strategic planning and decision -making.
How do you use SWOT?
 Identify the issues or problems you intend to change.
 Set or reaffirm goals.
 Create an action plan.
What is about, and why should you use
one?

8. PropertyofGandungIsmanto
01
02
03
04
Mengeksplorasi ragam kemungkinan dan
masalah yang dihadapi organisasi
Pengambilan keputusan strategis
Menentukan arah perubahan yang perlu
dilakukan
Penyesuaian dan penyempurnaan
rencana
When do you use SWOT?

9. PropertyofGandungIsmanto
SWOT Analysis
Jumlah % Jumlah % Jumlah %
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1995/1996 15 40.54% 18 48.65% 4 10.81% 37 2.58
1996/1997 13 33.33% 20 51.28% 6 15.38% 39 2.67
1997/1998 14 28.57% 27 55.10% 8 16.33% 49 2.70
1998/1999 15 30.00% 26 52.00% 9 18.00% 50 2.70
1999/2000 17 25.37% 39 58.21% 11 16.42% 67 2.67
Total 74 30.58% 130 53.72% 38 15.70% 242 2.67
TahunLulus
IPKRata-
rata
Total
Lulusan
IPK<2.5 IPK2.5 -3.0 IPK>3.0
Kesimpulan :
……………
……………
Kesimpulan :
……………
……………
Internal data
External data
SWOT
Analysis
Strength vs Weaknesses
HR, Phy R, Fin, Activities &
Processes, Past Experience
Opportunities vs Threats
Future Trends, Economy, Fund sources,
Sources, Phy Env; Legislation; Local,
national, or global influence
Strength > Weaknesess
Opportunities > Threats
Strength < Weaknesess
Opportunities < Threats
Konsolidasi?
Ekspansi
Strategi
Pengembangan
ST/DefensiveStrategy
WO/InternalAdjustmentOriented
WT / Self-Defence
SO /Growth Oriented
IFAS
EFAS

10. PropertyofGandungIsmanto
General areas to consider
 Human resources - staff, volunteers, board members, target
population
 Physical resources - your location, building, equipment
 Financial - grants, funding agencies, other sources of income
 Activities and processes - programs you run, systems you
employ
 Past experiences - building blocks for learning and success,
your reputation in the community
Listing Internal Factors

11. PropertyofGandungIsmanto
Forces and facts that your group does not control include
 Future trends in your field or the culture
 The economy - local, national, or international
 Funding sources - foundations, donors, legislatures
 Demographics - changes in the age, race, gender, culture of
those you serve or in your area
 The physical environment (Is your building in a growing part
of town? Is the bus company cutting routes?)
 Legislation (Do new federal requirements make your job
harder...or easier?)
 Local, national or international events
Listing External Factors

12. PropertyofGandungIsmanto
Aim of SWOT Analysis
S W
TO
To help decision makers
share and compare ideas.
To bring a clearer
common purpose and
understanding of
factors for success.
To organize the
important factors linked
to success and failure
in the business world.
To analyze issues that
have led to failure in
the past.
To provide linearity to
the decision making
process allowing
complex ideas to be
presented
systematically.

13. PropertyofGandungIsmanto
Who needs SWOT Analysis?
Workshop Sessions
Brainstorming Meetings
Strategic Planning
Product Evaluation
Competitor Evaluation
Personal Development Planning
Decision Making
Product Launch
Changing Jobs
SWOT Analysis is
also required for /
during...

14. PropertyofGandungIsmanto
How to conduct SWOT Analysis
3. Prepare Action Plans2. Perform SWOT Analysis
& Document
1. Analyse Internal &
External Environment

15. PropertyofGandungIsmanto
Carry your findings forward - Make sure that the
SWOT analysis is used in subsequent planning.
Revisit your findings at suitable time intervals.
Create a workshop
environment - Encourage an
atmosphere conducive to the free
flow of information.
Allocate research & information gathering
tasks - Background preparation can be
carried out in two stages – Exploratory and
Detailed. Information on Strengths &
Weaknesses should focus on the internal
factors & information on Opportunities &
Threats should focus on the external factors.
Select contributors -
Expert opinion may be
required for SWOT
Establish the objectives - Purpose of
conducting a SWOT may be wide /
narrow, general / specific.
Evaluate listed ideas against
Objectives - With the lists compiled,
sort and group facts and ideas in
relation to the objectives.
List Strengths,
Weaknesses,
Opportunities, & threats
How to conduct SWOT Analysis?
Perform SWOT Analysis & Document

16. PropertyofGandungIsmanto
Matriks IFAS dan EFAS
 Perhitungan Analisis
SWOT dikembangkan
oleh Pearce dan
Robinson (1998) agar
diketahui secara exact
posisi organisasi yang
sesungguhnya.

17. PropertyofGandungIsmanto
1. Menentukan faktor-faktor strategis (SWOT) pada kolom 2.
2. Memberi bobot (kolom 4) masing-masing faktor dengan skala mulai dari
1,0 (paling penting) sampai 0,0 (tidak penting), jumlah total bobot tidak
boleh melebihi 1,0
3. Menghitung rating/skor (dalam kolom 3) untuk masing-masing faktor
dengan memberikan skala mulai dari 4 (outstanding) sampai 1 (poor),
berdasarkan kekuatan pengaruh faktor tersebut. Variabel S dan O
bersifat positif;
4. Mengalikan bobot pada kolom 4 dengan rating pada kolom 3, untuk
memperoleh faktor pembobotan dalam kolom 5. Hasilnya berupa skor
pembobotan untuk masing-masing faktor yang nilainya bervariasi mulai
dari 4,0 (outstanding) sampai dengan 1,0 (poor)
5. Menjumlahkan skor pembobotan (pada kolom 5) untuk memperoleh total
skor pembobotan. Sk
6. Mencari posisi organisasi pada kuadran I, II, III, atau IV dengan
pedoman (S-W = x; dan O-T = y)
Tahapan Analisis

18. PropertyofGandungIsmanto
Matriks SWOT

19. PropertyofGandungIsmanto
Kerangka Analisis
INTERNAL
EKSTERNAL
TINGGI
(Skor 3-4)
SEDANG
(Skor 2-3)
RENDAH
(Skor 1-2)
TINGGI
(Skor 3-4)
Strategi
Pertumbuhan
Melalui Integrasi
Vertikal
Strategi
Pertumbuhan
Melalui Integrasi
Horizontal
Strategi Turn
Around
SEDANG
(Skor 2-3)
Strategi Stabilitas Strategi Stabilitas
Keuntungan
Strategi
Diversifikasi
RENDAH
(Skor 1-2)
Strategi
Pertumbuhan
Melalui
Diversifikasi
Konsentrik
Strategi
Pertumbuhan
Melalui
Diversifikasi
Konglomerat
Likuidasi

20. Hatur Nuhun
Property of Gandung Ismanto