Unit 1: Illness and Well-being The Digestive System

2. The Digestive System
Digestion – The process in which the food
that you eat is changed into nutrients and
energy that your body needs

3. Mouth
Gallbladder
Rectum
Pancreas
Large Intestine
Small Intestine
Stomach
Oesophagus
Liver
Anus

4. The Organs of the Digestive
System
• Mouth- this is where food is broken down into small
pieces with the help of saliva, the tongue and the teeth.
• Oesophagus- this is a tube that contracts and expands to move the
food to the stomach.
• Stomach- It is like a mixer. Here, food is mashed and mixed until it
forms a liquid.
• Small Intestine- Here, the nutrients from the liquid food mixture are
extracted and they pass into the blood.
• Large Intestine- The liquid food mixture that our body does not need
goes into the large intestine and then leaves our body

5. The Process

6. The Respiratory System
The Respiratory System allows us to breathe in
(inhale) and breathe out (exhale). This system
takes oxygen from the air to keep us alive.

7. LarynxNose
Bronchial
Tubes
Windpipe
Lungs
Mouth

8. Parts of the Respiratory System
• Nose- The nose filters and warms up air before it enters our body.
• Mouth- When we breathe out, air leaves our nose and mouth with
the waste our body does not need.
• Larynx- The larynx channels the air to the lungs, controls the access to
the lungs and allows us to speak and make other sounds.
• Windpipe- The windpipe (or trachea) is a tube below the larynx. It is
12 centimetres long and 2 centimetres wide.
• Bronchial Tubes- There are two of these at the end of the trachea.
Each bronchial tube goes to one lung.
• Lungs- These are spongy organs that take oxygen from the air.

9. Inhalation
Step 1 – Air enters your body
through your nose and mouth
Step 2 – Air enters the larynx and
goes down the trachea (windpipe)
Step 3 – The bronchial tubes
carry the air into the lungs
Step 4 –Air enters the lungs
Step 5 –In the lungs, there are thousands
of small air sacks called alveoli. Through
these, oxygen passes into the blood.

10. Exhalation
Step 1 – The blood picks up
carbon dioxide from the body
cells and brings it to the lungs
Step 2 – Carbon dioxide leaves the
body every time we breathe out
(exhale) through the mouth or nose