Understanding of Human Organ Systems

1. Human Organ
System
UNIT 1

2. What is an Organ System?
• An organ system is a group of organs that work together
to perform a certain function in an organism’s body.
• Most animals and plants have organs, which are self-
contained groups of tissues such as the heart that work
together to perform one function.
• Humans and other mammals have many organ systems.
• An example of an organ system is the circulatory system,
which includes the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries.
• The human body has 11 different organ systems.

3. Digestion
• Digestion is the breakdown of
large insoluble food molecules i
small water-soluble food molec
so that they can be absorbed in
the watery blood plasma

4. Digestive System
In the human digestive
system, food enters the
mouth and mechanical
digestion of the food
starts.
Saliva, contains salivary
amylase, an enzyme
which starts the
digestion of starch in the
food.
The saliva also
contains mucus, which
lubricates the food.
The food will be in the
form of a small, round
slurry mass called
a bolus.

5. Human
Digestive
System
DIAGRAM

6. Food And Health
Don't over eat
1
Exercise daily.
2
Avoid unhealthy
food.
3
Eat healthy items
4

7. Disorders of
Digestive
System
• INDIGESTION
• ULCER

8. Home Task
• Read the text on pages 02-
03
• Answer the questions
given in "I Wonder " box.
• Answer the
question given in"
Remember and
Understand" box
on page 04-05

9. The Respiratory System

10. The
Respiratory
System
Our lungs remove the oxygen
and pass it through our
bloodstream, where it's carried
off to the tissues and organs that
allow us to walk, talk, and move.
Breathing is the process that
brings oxygen in the air into your
lungs and moves oxygen and
through your body.

12. Breathing
• The process of moving air into and
out of the lungs to facilitate gas
exchange with the internal
environment.

14. Breathing Process
• The process of breathing (respiration) is
divided into two distinct phases, inspiration
(inhalation) and expiration (exhalation).

15. Breathing
Inhalation
• During inspiration, the
diaphragm contracts and pulls
downward while the muscles
between the ribs contract and
pull upward. This increases
the size of the thoracic cavity
and decreases the pressure
inside. As a result, air rushes
in and fills the lungs.
Exhalation
• During expiration, the
diaphragm relaxes, and the
volume of the thoracic
cavity decreases, while the
pressure within it increases.
As a result, the lungs
contract and air is forced
out.

17. Alveoli
• Alveoli are an important part of
the respiratory system whose
function it is to exchange oxygen
and carbon dioxide molecules to
and from the bloodstream.

18. Function
Alveoli are the endpoint of the
respiratory system which starts
when we inhale air into the
mouth or nose. The oxygen-rich
air travels down the trachea and
then into one of the two lungs
via the right or left bronchus.
From there, the air is directed
through smaller and smaller
passages, called bronchioles,
past the alveolar duct, until it
finally enters an individual
alveolus.

20. Comparison between Respiration
And Breathing
Breathing
• the process of
inhaling oxygen and
exhaling carbon
dioxide
• No energy is
produced during the
process.
Respiration
• the process of
breaking down of
glucose to produce
energy
• Energy is released
in the form of ATP.

21. Comparison between
Respiration And Breathing
Breathing
• Breathing is a
voluntary physical
process.
• It is an extracellular
process, as it occurs
outside cells.
Respiration
• Respiration is an
involuntary
chemical process.
• It is an intracellular
process, as it occurs
inside cells.

22. Respiratory
Disease
Lung cancer
Emphysema
Asthma

23. Prevention And Treatment
Maintain physical fitness
No smoking
Avoid over crowdedand
badly ventilated places

24. Home Task 2
Read the text on
pages 06-08.
Answer the
questions given
in "I Wonder " box.