Computer System Architecture Lecture Note 4: intel microprocessors

Budditha Hettige
http://www.dscs.sjp.ac.lk/~budditha/index.html
CSC 203 1.5
Computer System Architecture
Budditha Hettige
Department of Statistics and Computer Science
University of Sri Jayewardenepura

Budditha Hettige
IntelIntel
Microprocessor HistoryMicroprocessor History
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Budditha Hettige
• Intel 4004 (1971)
– 0.1 MHz
– 4 bit
– World first Single chip microprocessor
– Instruction set contained 46 instructions
– Register set contained 16 registers of 4 bits each
3

Budditha Hettige
• Intel 8008 (1972)
– Max. CPU clock rate 0.5 MHz to 0.8 MHz
– 8-bit CPU with an external 14-bit address bus
– could address 16KB of memory
– had 3,500 transistors
4

Budditha Hettige
• Intel 8080 (1974)
– second 8-bit microprocessor
– Max. CPU clock rate 2 MHz
– Large 40-pin DIP packaging
– 16-bit address bus and an 8-bit data bus
– Easy access to 64 kilobytes of memory
– Processor had seven 8-bit registers, (A, B, C, D, E,
H, and L)
5

Budditha Hettige
• Intel 8086 (1978)
– 16-bit microprocessor
– Max. CPU clock rate 5 MHz to 10 MHz
– 20-bit external address bus gave a 1 MB physical
address
– 16-bit registers including the stack pointer,
6

Budditha Hettige
• Intel 80286 (1978)
– 16-bit x86 microprocessor
– 134,000 transistors
– Run in two modes
• Protected mode
• Real mode
7

Budditha Hettige
• Intel 80386 (1985)
– 32-bit Microprocessor
– 275,000 transistors
– 16-bit data bus
– Instruction set
• x86 (IA-32)
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Budditha Hettige
• Intel 80486 (1989)
– FSB speeds 16 MHz to 50 MHz
– Instruction set x86 (IA-32)
– An 8 KB on-chip SRAM cache stores
– 486 has a 32-bit data bus and a 32-bit address bus.
– Power Management Features and System Management
Mode (SMM) became a standard feature
9

Budditha Hettige
• Intel Pentium I (1993)
– Intel's 5th generation micro architecture
– Operated at 60 MHz
– powered at 5V and generated enough heat to require a CPU
cooling fan
– Level 1 CPU cache from 16 KB to 32 KB
– Contained 4.5 million transistors
– compatible with the common Socket 7 motherboard
configuration
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Budditha Hettige
• Intel Pentium II (1997)
– Intel's sixth-generation microarchitecture
– 296-pin Staggered Pin Grid Array (SPGA) package
(Socket 7)
– speeds from 233 MHz to 450 MHz
– Instruction set IA-32, MMX
– cache size was increased to 512 KB
– better choice for consumer-level operating systems, such as
Windows 9x, and multimedia applications
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Budditha Hettige
• Intel Pentium III (1999)
– 400 MHz to 1.4 GHz
– Instruction set IA-32, MMX, SSE
– L1-Cache: 16 + 16 KB (Data + Instructions)
– L2-Cache: 512 KB, external chips on CPU module
at 50% of CPU-speed
– the first x86 CPU to include a unique, retrievable,
identification number
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Budditha Hettige
• Intel Pentium IV (2000)
– Max. CPU clock rate 1.3 GHz to 3.8 GHz
– Instruction set x86 (i386), x86-64, MMX, SSE, SSE2,
SSE3
– featured Hyper-Threading Technology (HTT)
– The 64-bit external data bus
– More than 42 million transistors
– Processor (front-side) bus runs at 400MHz, 533MHz,
800MHz, or 1066MHz
– L2 cache can handle up to 4GB RAM
– 2MB of full-speed L3 cache
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Budditha Hettige
• Intel Core Duo
– Processing Die Transistors 151 million
– Consists of two cores
– 2 MB L2 cache
– All models support: MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, EIST
, XD bit
– FSB Speed 533 MHz
– Intel® Virtualization Technology (VT-x)
– Execute Disable Bit
14

Budditha Hettige
• Pentium Dual-Core
– Max. CPU clock rate 1.3 GHz to 2.6 GHz
– based on either the 32-bit Yonah or (with quite
different microarchitectures) 64-bit Merom-2M
– Instruction set MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3,
x86-64
– FSB speeds 533 MHz to 800 MHz
– Cores 2
15

Budditha Hettige
• Intel Core Due
– Clock Speed 1.2 GHz
– L2 Cache 2 MB
– Instruction Set 32-bit
– Advanced Technologies
• Intel® Virtualization Technology (VT-x)
• Enhanced Intel SpeedStep® Technolog
• Execute Disable Bit
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Budditha Hettige
• Core 2 due
– Cores 2 , Threads 2
– L2 Cache 6 MB
• Intel® Virtualization Technology for Directed IO (VT-d)
• Intel® Trusted Execution Technology
• Intel® 64
• Idle States
• Enhanced Intel SpeedStep® Technology
• Thermal Monitoring Technologies
17

Budditha Hettige
• Intel Core 2 Quad
– Cores 4 , Threads 4
– Clock Speed 3. GHz
– L2 Cache 12 MB
• Intel® Virtualization Technology for Directed IO (VT-d)
• Intel® 64
• Idle States
• Enhanced Intel SpeedStep® Technology
• Thermal Monitoring Technologies
18

Budditha Hettige
• Core i3
– Cores 2
– Threads 4
– Intel® Smart Cache 3 MB
– Instruction Set 64-bit Instruction Set Extensions SSE4.1,SSE4.2
– Max Memory Size 8 GB
– Technologies
• Intel® Fast Memory Access
• Intel® Flex Memory Access
19

Budditha Hettige
• Core i5
– Cores 2
– Threads 4
– Clock Speed 1.7 - 3.0 GHz
– Max Memory Size 8 GB
– Technologies
• Intel® Fast Memory Access
• Intel® Flex Memory Access
• Intel® Anti-Theft Technology
• Intel® My WiFi Technology
• 4G WiMAX Wireless Technology
• Idle States
–
202011

Budditha Hettige
• Core i7
– Cores 4
– Threads 8
– Max Turbo Frequency
3.8 GHz
– Intel® Smart Cache 8
MB
Technologies
 Intel® Turbo Boost Technology
 2.0Intel® vPro Technology
 Intel® Hyper-Threading Technology
 Intel® Virtualization Technology (VT-x)
 Intel® Virtualization Technology for
Directed I/O (VT-d)
 Intel® Trusted Execution Technology
 AES New Instructions
 Intel® 64
 Idle States
 Enhanced Intel SpeedStep® Technology
 Thermal Monitoring Technologies
 Intel® Fast Memory Access
 Intel® Flex Memory Access
 Execute Disable Bit
21

Budditha Hettige
Summary –Summary –
Processor Family Vs BusesProcessor Family Vs Buses
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Budditha Hettige
Summary - Intel processors (1)Summary - Intel processors (1)
23

Computer System Architecture Lecture Note 4: intel microprocessors

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