Here the Abstract concept is made Concrete.

1. ACIDS AND
BASES

2. NATURE OF ACIDS AND BASES
ACIDS :
Acidic nature of a substance is due to
formation of H + ions in the solution.
BASES :
Basic nature of a substance is due to
formation of OH – ions in the solution.

3. STRENGTH OF ACID OR BASE
• To know the strength of an Acid or a Base, the
“SOREN SORENSON” introduced the pH Scale.

5. pH VALUES
• The pH value of Neutral solutions is ‘7’.
Neutral solutions = 7
• The pH values of Acids are less than ‘7’.
Acids >7
• The pH values of Bases are greater than ‘7’.
Bases <7

6. pH SCALE

7. pH SCALE

9. UNIVERSAL pH PAPERS

10. ACIDIC AND BASIC SOLUTIONS

13. ACID RAINS
• When pH of Rain Water is less than 5.6, it is
called “ACID RAIN”. Due to Acid Rains aquatic
life cannot survive.

14. REMEDY

15. TOOTH DECAY
• Tooth Decay starts when the pH of the mouth is
lower than 5.5. Because the Enamel, made of
Calcium Phosphate gets corroded when the pH in
the mouth is below 5.5.

16. REMEDY

17. HYPERACIDITY
• Hyperacidity develops when your stomach produces
Hydrochloric Acid, during indigestion. This causes
pain and irritation.

18. REMEDY
Magnesium
Hydroxide (MgOH2 )
) and
Antacids
)

19. FERTILITY OF THE SOIL

20. • The Plant definitely requires Phosphorous for its
healthy growth.

21. REMEDY

22. Reaction of Acids with Metals
• Acid + Metal Salt + Water

23. Reaction of Acid with Metal
Carbonates
• Acid + Metal Carbonate Salt+Carbondioxide
+ Water

24. Reaction of Acid with Metal Hydrogen
Carbonates
• Acid + Metal Hydrogen Carbonate
Salt + Carbondioxide + Water

25. Reaction of Acid with Metal Oxide
• Acid + Metal Oxide Salt + Water

26. ACID – BASE REACTION

28. FAMILY OF SALTS
Chloride Salts Sodium Salts
NaCl and KCl NaCl and Na 2 SO4

29. IMPORTANT
BITS

30.  The products formed in the reaction of
Na2CO3 with HCl are
1. NaCl, CO2
2. NaOH, CO2, H2O
3. NaCl, H2O
4. NaCl, H2O, CO2

31. The substance used as a remedy for irritation
in stomach is
1. Caustic Soda
2. Milk of Magnesia
3. Sodium Carbonate
4. Hydrochloric Acid

32. pH values of the solutions A, B, C, D are 4, 1,
7, 13 respectively, then
1. ‘A’ is a strong Acid
2. ‘B’is a strong Base
3. ‘C’ is a strong Acid
4. ‘D’ is a strong Base

33. The H+ ion concentration of four different
solutions are given below. The Acid among
them is
1. 10-8 mol/lit
2. 10-4 mol/lit
3. 10-7 mol/lit
4. 10-13 mol/lit

34. Ascending Order of the pH values of Gastric
fluid, Vinegar, and Milk is
1. Gastric fluid < Vinegar < Milk
2. Vinegar < Gastric fluid < Milk
3. Milk < Vinegar < Gastric fluid
4. Milk < Gastric fluid < Vinegar

35. THANK YOU