1. Mg/561 Organizational Structure
Date: January 18, 2013
To: MG 561 Class
From: Jessica Rushing
Subject: "Organizational Structure"
Introduction:
Organizational structure provides the framework of an organization determining how roles and
responsibilities are delegated throughout the different levels of the organization. It has been defined
by some as the looking glass through which coworkers see their organization and its surrounding
environment while others have described structure as the backbone of the organization. In this memo,
I will briefly discuss the importance of organizational structure, give examples of some major
organizational structures, and provide factors influencing the choice of organizational structure.
Importance of Organizational...show more content...
For organizations which produce standardized goods and services, a functional service is beneficial.
Within this structure, employees perform very specialized tasks (Naoum, 2001). For example, an
engineering department would be staffed with only software engineers. Divisional structures, also
known as product structures, groups each function into a division. Automobile industries typically
use this divisional structure. Within this industry, divisions may include: SUVs, subcompact cars,
and sedans. Although not discussed in detail in this memo, other organizational structures include:
organizational circle, team, network, lattice, and virtual ("Organizational Structure", 2013).
Factors influencing the choice of Organizational Structure
The following factors can affect the type of structure which an organization may use: strategy,
characteristics, management, operation, and environment. Strategy is the most important factor
influencing type of structure. According to Phillips and Gulley in their book Organizational
Behavior: Tools for Success, higher performance will be achieved if structure and strategy are
directly related). Organizational characteristics include the age and size of the organization. If the
organization is small, there is less need for formal structure as communication
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2. The Analytical And Intuitive Thinking
Introduction
There are several different types of thinking. There is analytical, intuitive, creative, logic and
rhetoric, all which are different tools in our own minds thinking tool box. They are not opposites,
but used in different situations or a combination is used together to reach the best solution to a
problem or situation. In this blog the focus will be on the analytical and intuitive thinking, but the
others will also be of use. Analytical and initiative thinking are not best used separately but are a
dynamic duo when it comes to thinking. I have selected a data set that pertains to math scores in the
New York City School Districts, in particular grades third through eighth and how the genders match
up against one another. Analytical thinking is focused on data and facts to help us reason through
information, thus we will be looking at the trends at each level over the course of six years,
2006–2011, but intuition and logic will help us connect the missing pieces as to what the data is
stating and why that is the case.
Math Performance and Gender
Below you will see a snapshot of the data and a link to the interactive report to see the percentage
of students from grades third to eighth that fall in each of the levels of proficiency in their
particular math level. All Levels of NYC Math Scores for Grades 3–8 by Gender (2006–2011)
After some research to figure out what each of these levels represented, are as follows: Level 1
below standard, Level 2 meets basic
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3. Essay about Organizational Structure
Organizational Structure
MGT/230
Chipotle's Organizational Structure
The reporting structure is a very important tool in an organization. This structure is a chart that
serves as a roadmap of management levels and positions. Every business has a chain of command
and it is structured uniquely, depending on the organization. The structure of an organization, if not
built correctly can destroy the organization just like a building with poor architecture. The blueprints
clarify and build a strong foundation in which to grow or build an organization. Chipotle is a
Mexican Grill Restaurant in the fast food industry that started out with one location in Colorado
back in 1993. Today it has just more than 1,400 locations in the United...show more content...
Dividing the organization into divisions based on the geographic region makes it possible for each
region to purchase their ingredients locally and organically. This divisional structure also allows the
company to evaluate and compare the regions.
This divisional structure is very different from that of others. A functional structure is organized into
departments according to the business functions. In this structure each department has its own
expectations and responsibilities, they are not like that of any other department, so the tasks in each
department are different from one another. In this type of structure each department is built with
individuals that have the skills and expertise in relation to that department. All 1,400 plus Chipotle
restaurants are owned by the same corporation. If this was not the case and some stores were
franchised out, then a network structure would need to be created. A network organization looks for
ways for tasks to be completed outside of the organization by outsourcing. A store that agrees to
license contracts and franchises with the company would be responsible for delivering and
completing the goals at the specific location; these business functions include management,
employment, product ordering, etc. Chipotle would be cutting a lot of cost and making money by
contributing little in return. This is the main reason an organization would choose a network type of
structure. The responsible party for the
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4. Market Structure and Analysis
There are a few different market structures, competitive market, monopolies, and oligopolies.
According to Mankiw (2007) competitive market, also known as monopolistic competition or
"perfectly competitive market" is defined as "a market with many buyers and sellers trading
identical products so that each buyer and seller is a price taker" (Pg. 290). In this market structure
there are two characteristics: there are many buyers and many sellers in the market and the goods
offered by the various sellers are largely the same. Maximizing profits in a competitive market is the
difference between total revenue and total cost. There is a distinction between accounting and
economic profits: economic profits equals' sales revenue minus economic costs and account profits
equals sales revenue minus accounting costs. The objective for a competitive market structure to
maximize profits is to determine the optimum level of output at witch marginal cost equals market
price. Output is determined in this structure by using the marginal decision rule and increasing
output to the point which the benefit of the additional unit of output is equal to the marginal cost.
The role of competitive market structure in the economy is important. This structure allow any firm
to enter and exit, while buyers and sellers having little impute in the in the price which is determined
by the market. An example of competitive market would be agricultural farming of wheat. There are
many producers of wheat and
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5. Analytical Essay Romeo And Juliet
Analytical Essay – Romeo and Juliet Written by the world–renowned playwright William
Shakespeare during the Elizabethan era, Romeo and Juliet explores the tragic demise of an ill–fated
couple. During the Elizabethan era, patriarchy was dominant in the Elizabethan society and it was
common for fathers to arrange marriages for their children. Shakespeare references the
consequences of families forcing young women to marry men for status rather than love with
Juliet's cautionary tale. Through his tragedy structure, Shakespeare creates complex characters with
layered and flawed personalities such as Romeo's. This is portrayed through Shakespeare's use of
literary technique, which highlights the characters who play a significant role in the wedded lover's
death. The character who is primarily responsible for Romeo and Juliet's unfortunate catastrophe
was Friar Lawrence due to his actions and choices which escalate the tragic events in the plot.
Romeo's hamartia Shakespeare structured his tragic plays to include the protagonist's hamartia to
drive them to their sorrowful death. Romeo's impulsive infatuation towards Juliet, even after
discovering that she was a Capulet, was his first step into the play's staircase of catastrophe; his
fatal flaw. In Act 1 Scene 2, Shakespeare demonstrates Romeo's tenacious infatuation with Rosaline
using metaphors. When Benvolio compares Rosaline to a crow and the other young ladies at the
ball as swans, as a way of inviting Romeo to the ball,
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6. Writing Self-Analysis
At the beginning of the semester we were asked to review our strengths and weaknesses as writers.
In the first discussion post I stated, "My first weakness [is that] I have trouble concluding thoughts
and, upon review, often have a rambling mess on my hands" (Multani). Although my first project
was to the point and concise, most likely due to the brevity of the project, with the greater word
limit for the second project, it was something I, again, struggled with. For example in my first draft, I
often caught myself repeating things for two sentences in a row, or restating something I had already
stated. From a rhetorical standpoint, I think it weakens the impact of the argument made if each
sentence's core idea is a repetition of stated information....show more content...
On the recommendation of peer review, I made some simple adjustments. As stated during the
face–to–face review, using a five–syllable word for a one–syllable word is sometimes unnecessary
(Fedewa). At first glance, I thought I explained most of the technical terminology pretty well.
There was, however, a specific instance where I think my thought process was incomplete and
even those experienced in the field would have had a hard time understanding what was said. In
my first draft, I had written about physiological and psychological addiction and dependence. The
difference between the two is often confusing, even for those well versed in the field. Instead of
using this terminology I decided to use analogies and examples that aided the reader in
understanding the difference between the two and as such probably depicted a clearer picture of
what I was trying to convey. I think through this class and especially for this project, the thing that I
have the greatest improvement in is my use for imagery to help get my message across. Ironically,
this was not one of my goals at the beginning of the semester only because I didn't realize the impact
of
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7. Mississippi Analytical Unit
Abstract The City of Columbus Mississippi recognizes the need for a new analytical unit. This is a
proposal that aims to develop this new analytical unit in an effort to support all levels of the Police
Department, to include command personnel, supervisors, detectives, and patrol officers. law
enforcement agencies in. This analytical unit will obtain and analyze as much information as
possible in order to identify crime patterns, trends, offenders, and develop correlations, to improve
short–term and long–term decision–making. Once this new analytical unit is in place and all key
positions are filled, the pertinent information gathered and analyzed will aid in the prevention of
crime and the catching of criminals. Keywords: crime,...show more content...
For the analytical unit to be effective in a police department, the unit as a whole, needs to
understand their role in crime prevention. All of these strategies work toward the prevention of
crime. The analytical unit will complie information from each of these strategies and assist the
police department in their efforts to prevent crime. The collection and analyization of data to
present to the police department can not be done by one person. Let me move on to the staffing
of the analytical unit. Staffing Staffing for this new analytical unit will to provide as much
information as possible to all levels of the Police Department, to include command personnel,
supervisors, detectives, and patrol officers. There will be an intern, who will be an undergraduate
student from the local college to gain practical experience while earning college credits. The intern
will assist the department in performing crime analysis and will gain the practical experience
needed to have a job later down the road. The analytical unit will also have a crime analysis
assistant. This person will be responsible for answering the phone, conducts data entry, makes
copies, keeps files, produces reports, and any additional administrative work. In addition to the intern
and crime analysis assistance, there will also be an entry–level crime analyst, an experienced
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8. Analytical Essay: Can We Change Our Identity?
"Identity cannot be found or fabricated with but emerges from within when one has the so courage
to let go," –Doug Cooper. Award winner 2014 international book award for literary fiction. The
quote means that you can't change identity you can only find it from within. Identity is different for
everyone, it may be that you're shy, popular, or a smart alec. Not oneperson is the same. Identity
affects others lives and should be left the way they are. You may be questioning what identity is.
Remarkably, identity is individual characteristics by which a person thing is being recognized for.
Others see your personality and then see what kind of person you are, such as, athletic, funny, and
nerdy. It is your feature known by others. Large amounts
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9. Presentation Analysis Essay examples
This memo examines the strengths and weaknesses of my presentation on March 19, 2010. In
addition, the memo discusses my goals for improvement in future presentations as well as a review
of Aly Sherali's presentation.
Presentation Strengths
My organization, voice, and passion were all strong points of my presentation. This allowed me to
effectively engage my audience and convey my content in an efficient and logical way.
Organization
Tim Koegel, author of The Exceptional Presenter, explains that there are two essential facets of
organizing a presentation: developing a structure that allows you to frame your objective and cover
your material smoothly, and looking organized to your audience (Koegel, 31–32). I structured my
slides and...show more content...
Even if a presenter is the leading authority on a topic, being unprepared can signal the opposite to
the audience and cause them to disengage before the presentation even starts (Koegel, 45). I arrived
to the venue early, made sure my presentation was easily accessible, and checked to see if my slides
worked correctly on the computer. This allowed me to efficiently and confidently lead off my
presentation and ensure that I could capture the audience's attention.
Voice
The voice is a valuable tool to becoming an exceptional presenter (Koegel, 84). I used my voice as an
effective asset throughout my presentation. My volume was at an effective level throughout the
presentation and sounded confident. I also employed inflection in my voice on key points to
maintain audience attention. According to studies, eighty–four percent of the impact you have
comes from your voice, not your words. I was very careful to avoid monotone voice, which
significantly shortens the attention span of an audience (Koegel, 84). I also took great care to
eliminate any "verbal graffiti" as Koegel refers to it. Verbal graffiti is any non–essential "filler"
words that distract the audience and dilute your impact (Koegel, 87). I practiced my presentation
many times and was confident enough with the material that I did not fill my pauses with any filler
words. I stayed focused on my content, which helped my audience to do
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10. Organizational Analysis Essay examples
CVS Caremark Organizational Analysis
James P Miller
Strayer University
BUS 310
Professor Frevert
Abstract
CVS Caremark established 1963, has been expanding every year since their inception. With over
7,000 retail locations they face many human resources challenges. It essential for CVS to understand
what HR challenges they face to make informed decisions; beneficial to the company stakeholders
and employees. Hr decisions affect not only the employee's but the company's social opt squat. These
resolutions include recruitment of highly skilled workers, company policies, labor relations, training
and diversity, management of multiple locations, global business environments, employee
compensation and benefits,...show more content...
Her initiatives for CVS is to enhance compensation practices, restructure human resources processing
functions, and successfully managing all human resources support for the retail businesses. The type
of information needed to make solid informed decisions about human resources for CVS is many.
These decisions would have to be well executed and organized to positively affect the companies'
mission, values and profits. There are many decisions for HR in a company to remember and CVS is
no exception. Human Resources Management is a comprehensive set of management activities and
task concerned with developing and maintaining a qualified workforce that contribute to
organizational effectiveness. (Denisi & Griffin, 2012) CVS would need information to comply with
legal and social obligations, enhancing productivity and quality, promoting individual growth and
facilitating organizational effectiveness.
For CVS's legal concern, not only do they have to follow federal and state guideline for employees,
they have to follow federal guidelines for pharmaceuticals, legal requirements for their nurses,
doctors and pharmacist. In addition CVS is expanding into global markets, and that opens them up to
foreign legal requirements. Socially, CVS Caremark has a long–standing track record of sound
corporate governance and stands firmly committed to acting with integrity and holding
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11. Organizational Analysis Essay
Introduction An organizational analysis is an important tool to become familiar with how medical
businesses and organizations are able to meet standards of care, provide services for the
community and provide employment to health care providers. There are many different aspects to
evaluate in an organizational analysis. This paper will describe these many aspects and apply the
categories to the University Medical Center (UMC) as the organization being analyzed. Mission,
Vision and Philosophy One of the first steps in developing an organization is to develop the vision,
mission and philosophy of the organization. Vision statements are used to define the goals of an
organization. The mission statement of an organization is a brief...show more content...
Stakeholders Organizations have stakeholders that affect the productivity and outcomes of the
organization. There are internal stakeholders and external stakeholders. The internal stakeholders at
UMC include the departments that ensure that the facility is running efficiently. A limited list of
departments includes environmental services, nursing, physicians, and nutritional services. The
external stakeholders at UMC include Lincoln Memorial University School of Nursing, University
Graduate School of Medicine, University School of Pharmacy, Helen Ross McNabb, and a large
variety of other healthcare related businesses as well as the Knoxville area businesses. UMC
considers all stakeholders when making decisions about how to improve or change services that are
provided. Organizational Culture Organizational culture includes an organization's values, language,
traditions, customs and specific issues that are so foundational that they cannot or will not be
changed. UMC's organizational culture is immediately experienced when entering the facility. The
internal stakeholders display pride in their work, display the values of integrity, excellence,
compassion and collaboration. This was demonstrated by welcoming visitors to the hospital, being
greeted with smiles, volunteering to assist anyone and working together as a team to ensure patient
and visitor well–being. During meetings,
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12. Information System Essay
1. Introduction
It is generally accepted that information is a vital commodity for the successful operation of today's
organizations. Nowadays modern business organizations are using computerized information
systems in order to obtain such information. However as the technology advances rapidly the main
issue is how can an organization should effectively use such an information system – which its
management sometimes can be unpredictable – in order to effectively help the whole organization
structure to improve and take the most out of it.
This report will try to analyze intranet and its impact on the use of information in organizations, as
well as what actions an organization might take to make the most effective use of it.
2. What is...show more content...
Server software: Today's Web servers come with a variety of servers ranging from HTML editors in
search engines to application servers.
Client Software: Two main browsers here. Netscape Navigator and Microsoft Internet Explorer.
Site Management Software: Web site management includes such things as uploading HTMLfiles,
showing a graphical view of a site, checking for bad links, etc.
Application development tools: The tools listed under this category have much in common with the
site management tools. Both edit HMTL and upload files to the server. The tools have built in
support, usually drag and drop, for scripting.
Application servers: These servers use special tags within an HTML file to direct processing. They
also can have hooks to call external programs to handle processing that is not built into the server,
and they also separate developer and server portions into separate packages.
Implementation approaches: Such as ASP, CGI, Java, Application servers.
4. Intranet architecture
There are several ways to build up an intranet. However some common characteristics of an intranet's
architecture, in order for organizations to gain the more out of it, are:
Integrating information design with business planning
Intranets should help employees to collaborate on business processes, such as product development
or order fulfillment, which create value for a company and its customers. Successful intranets allow
employees from a variety of
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13. Situational Analysis Essay
Team A– Situational Analysis
Karmarie Maldonado, Thomas Granvang, Thomasina Campbell, and Kanesha Madison
STR/GM 581: International Strategic Planning and Implementation
January 30, 2012
Jill M. Hagist
The situational analysis is one of the four elements in a strategic management process and is an
important step in the success of a business. This paper will present a background history of Toyota
and provide the company's mission and vision statement and values. The paper will provide the
environmental forces that affect the company and the potential for global expansion. An assessment
of the automobile industry structure using Porters five forces. In addition, a SWOT analysis will be
conducted to understand the...show more content...
Organizations need to incorporate the SWOT analysis into its strategic planning techniques (Barney
2007).
Toyota expressed conduct guidelines and expression of values for all the employees of Toyota.
These guidelines were based on the principles of Challenge, Improvement, Respect, and Teamwork.
Within eight since the dissemination of these principles, Toyota became the largest automobile
maker for the year 2008 and assumed the titled of the most profitable automobile maker along with
increased sales globally (Liker, 2004).
The resource–based view of Toyota's Annual Report (Toyota Company online library, 2009)
illustrates as a multinational automobile maker, Toyota has a competitive advantage in accessing
regional and international markets effectively. This equips the company with a vast market portfolio
to optimize the economies of scale. In addition, the diversification of the products Toyota
manufactures endows the automobile maker with the propensity to satiate various segments of its
consumers.
SWOT Analysis
The SWOT analysis examines Toyota's organizational structure and will provide a summary of
strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.
Strengths
Toyota Motor Corporation continues to be innovative with the product lines. For example, the
Camry this model was reinvented for 2012 and still maintained its number one position in sales for
the tenth year in a row.
The creation of the new
15. My Writing Style Analysis
As a writer in English 102 I learned different styles and techniques when writing an essay. Even
though having to transition from high school to college was really difficult to comprehend.
Especially, the learning styles that I was given such as hegemony, ideology and other cultural
studies that I wasn't familiarized with. However, I take my time off and fully understand what
these concepts really mean. I started to read the big red book and take notes about cultural studies
in class. Hegemony and ideology started to make sense. I can understand how our society shapes
these cultural studies. Especially, wealth because this power can truly change people. That is why
power is only meant for certain people, it also makes sense that if every individual really want
power our society would corrupt. Imagine everyone in our society having lavage lifestyles. The
economy will go downhill because who needs a job when you have lots of money. Also, they don't
even want to bother the things concerning our economy and/ or our environment. It is why applying
cultural studies outside the classroom can help understand the importance of power. The example I
mention also creates...show more content...
Once I'm done brainstorming and outlining my ideas and finishing my draft. I revise it and see if
the ones I include in my paper are important. Having to include sources that will connect and
counter argue my beliefs is truly a new found composition skill that I've found in English 102. I
also want to apply cultural studies for my professional career because it is important to have a
creative mind because using sources and backing up your reasoning is the best way to start writing an
essay or even talking to someone. Overall, having English 102 as my freshman year in college help
me understand that knowledge is made through engaging with the ideas of
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16. Project Analysis
Methodology
The project is addressed as an analytical site–specific based, that focuses to create a stronger
coherence between public life with plans for existing building structures. The design approach for
this project is studio experimentation. Through action and reflection process, the practice works in
relation to extrapolate probability and plausibility for Sydney urban public space – as a metaphor of
improvisation. This method includes observation, computer modelling, and 3d models/maquettes.
First, the observation is conducted in several Central Sydney's laneways. And it is used for
acquiring primary data to understand the context, and to aware of our creative process (Carole Gray
& Julian Malins, 2004). This method assists in the...show more content...
This tour became a self–walking guidance that engages researcher's movements with the
laneway–to–laneway experience. Through this research, it forms self–observation through analysing
and planning by researcher's experiences of being in the world itself. The observation has become
an extension of the visual memory (Setha Low 2003).
As a result, the observation has led to an experimental assessment of the laneways. This findings
performs many similar aspects of the geometry system in Central Sydney's laneways. In Honours B,
this project has taken more in–depth site analysis and measurements of laneways in Central Sydney.
In particular, in the area of Martin Place, Wynyard, and Circular Quay. And focusing on York Lane,
Bridge Lane, Abercrombie Lane, Custom House Lane, Loftus Lane, and Phillip Lane. All this lane
illustrates the most similarity of its system and structural components (figure 5).
Figure 5. Central Sydney Laneway Structure in Dimension, AutoCAD (Sherli Liu, 2017)
For examples, the laneway is consists as connected lanes with one lane and another. It has the
similarities in width and length, and pedestrian steps are needed to walk in a laneway. Moreover, it
contains same furnishings and amenities, and a similar pattern of building structures. Therefore, it
has set–up a framework and working dimension for experimentation of the object system, and its
attachments to the laneway.
Object
The project experimentation, consists of intensive exploration
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17. My Writing Style Analysis
Being able to articulate your words in such a way that captures the true brilliance of a mind at work
is very important. Writing seems to happen both instantaneously and with much forethought. As each
writer deepens their prowess in literature they develop certain techniques that help them when
writing. These techniques may very depending desire of the outcome. This is true for myself. There
are three things that I find to be very important when i'm writing any sort of paper. Listening to
music, making a an outline as detailed as needed for it it will carry me through the extent of the
paper, and the final step is xxxxxx. To me the most important step I take in preparation is finding
the right music to listen to. Personally, listening to music has always helped with writer's block.
There has been times where I get so caught up on the sounds of the words that i cease to actually
write; when i listen to music this is obsolete. Listening to music allows me to write at an almost
stream of conscience type pace. This is important on tedious writing assignments in order to keep
me entertained, the beat of the songs make it hard for me to be bored. When writing I find
boredom is the biggest challenge I face, if i am bored i will not write; music is...show more content...
There has to be a point in your writing that you decide the purpose of the work, the meaning,
audience and justification. Sometimes I go through the trouble and write out a formal outline. These
formal outlines are usually reserved when writing speeches where each point has its own
subordinate point. However, on less serious or vexing assignments I don't feel as obligated to stick
to a roadmap 'outline'. The less perplexing assignments get a thorough mental roadmap built on
tentative ideas that change as the paper gets worked out. After revision the original mental roadmap
may be completely different than first imagined; why it's used on less important
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18. Analytical Essay
Discourses have powerful social effects and can empower some, while marginalizing others. In
the texts Lost Property and Muriel's Wedding the dominant discourse is relationship. The
audience is positioned to see Josh Tambling from Lost Property as having tough relationships as
he is the one who is expected to pull through. While Muriel Heslop from Muriel's Wedding is
portrayed as unreliable and selfish as the story is told. In the early stages of both texts it is obvious
that Josh and Muriel have different relationships, as Josh is respected and dependable while Muriel
is rejected and a failure. Josh is trustworthy towards his friends which make him respected in his
relationships. For instance, he shows his loyal and respectable values...show more content...
Michael, Josh's older brother finally comes home, not by himself though, he ends up bringing his
girlfriend and with them their new born son. "Mum and Dad, this is Kelly," Michael says proudly,
"and this one here...is your grandson, Stuart." (p266). On the other hand, Muriel's Wedding ends
unfortunately with Muriel's mother dying as she commits suicide from the pressure of her
depression. But not all is bad for Muriel as she returns to Sydney with her friend Rhonda, after she
is in a wheelchair from not recovering from her cancer. Although both texts end in a different way,
the audience is still positioned to see Josh and Muriel as people who have difficult relationships but
in the end rewarding. In conclusion, both Lost Property and Muriel's Wedding mobilize the
discourse of relationships. The reader is positioned to see Josh and Muriel as being pleasing people,
who would do everything for their friendships. Throughout both texts Josh and Muriel are
constructed as characters who display loyalty and respect towards their friends, supporting them
through the harsh periods in their
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19. A sonnet by definition is, a poem of fourteen lines using any of a number of formal rhyme
schemes, in English typically having ten syllables per line. A poem is a piece of writing that says
a lot in a few words; this sonnet does exactly that, it utilizes a multitude of literary devices to tell a
story of a writer examining life with an ending message to push forward and go. In "An Echo Sonnet
", the author, Robert Pack uses repetition, hypophora, antithesis and synecdoche to reveal the voice
experiencing writer's block which leads to the discussion of life and death between the voice and the
echo.
Throughout the sonet Pack uses repetition. In the first line the voice asks, "How from emptiness can
I make a start?" (Pack). The echo then...show more content...
In line 5 the idea of life and death are introduced using antithesis. The voice states that, "leaf
blooms, burns red before delighted eyes.", and is replied by the echo, "Dies" (Pack). The
blooming leaf can be interpreted as either a blooming flower, which often represent life or
beginnings, or as a blooming page of writing which follows the previous advice of the echo and
the same metaphor as the flower. By the echo telling the voice dies, it is telling the voice that
everything comes and goes, lives and dies. Throughout the passage Pack uses repetition and
hypophora, they not only keep the form and structure of the poem but emphasizes lines that help
the reader understand the meaning and message of the poem. One example of a hypophora is the
voice asking, "And in that night would you rejoice or weep?", the echo answers, "weep", the
voice asks again, " what contradiction makes you take this view?", and is answered, "You" (Pack).
These to lines area able to showcase the intermittent relationship between the voice and echo,
making them seem as a person and a conscience of another apotropaic character. The use of weep
and rejoice represent being happy or down, and the two characters opinions on these feelings expose
that the poem is telling the reader that weeping and being submerged in your own head as the voice
is leads to uncovering truths
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20. Job Evaluation Schemes Essay example
Factors/Explanation of a Job Evaluation Scheme: A job evaluation scheme is "a method to
determine the value of each job in relation to all jobs within the organization." A job evaluation
process is useful because sometimes job titles can be misleading– either unclear or unspecific– and
in large organizations it's impossible for those in HR to know each job in detail. The use of job
evaluation techniques depends on individual circumstances. Job evaluation is often used when:
establishing the relative value or size of jobs or roles, providing as objective as possible a basis for
placing jobs or roles within a grade structure, making certain that consistent decisions will be made
about grading jobs or roles, and certifying that...show more content...
Job descriptions should, however, enable jobs to be assessed according to a common standard, and
the people responsible for the preparation of the job descriptions should be trained in the importance
of ensuring that these do not omit aspects of women's jobs nor over–emphasize those job
characteristics which are missing from jobs typically performed by women. Different job titles
should reflect differences in the work being done. Job evaluation schemes can also take the form of
analytical schemes. An analytical scheme in contrast to a non–analytical scheme has a completely
different rationale. An analytical scheme breaks a job down into different components based on
specific criteria. These criteria are awarded a points value based on a pre–determined weighted
value. They are then placed in ranking ordering. This rationale is different than the non–analytical
method because this method leaves little room for error. Analytical methods are the most effective
of the job evaluation schemes because so much time and effort is put into first breaking down the
jobs, and then deciding on a rating scale for each of the criteria. An example of an analytical scheme
is the point method. The point method focuses on breaking the jobs down into specific
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21. Nike's Financial Analysis
Capital Structure and Solvency: Antonino Criscuolo We next took a look and analyzed Nike's
capital structure and solvency. The capital structure and solvency data is used to show how a firm
finances its overall operations and growth by using different sources of investments. Examples of
different forms of debt are bond issues or long–term notes payable, while equity is classified as
common stock, preferred stock or retained earnings. As analysts we use the capital structure and
solvency data to see the possible risk factors in investing in a particular company. A change in the
company's capital structure is measured using various analyses' and comparisons. Nike's capital
structure for the six years ending in 2016 is portrayed in Exhibit L. The common–size analysis of
capital structure is shown in Exhibit M. In year 2016, equity made up 57% and liabilities made up
43% of Nike's financing. Selected capital structure and long–term solvency ratios are shown in Table
N. The total debt to equity ratio increases significantly over the past threes from going from 2014
(0.1268), to 2015 (0.0992), and to 2016 (0.1676) but still remains under the industry composite of
(0.2068). The source of this increase is accredited to the long–term debt that has dramatically
increased throughout these three years; see Exhibit C. Specifically, looking at Exhibit C you can see
the trend index of long–term debt (451), is greater than that for the current liabilities (135), total
liabilities
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