Energy: generation and transformation

1. ENERGYENERGY
GenerationGeneration
TransformationTransformation

2. Energy ResourcesEnergy Resources
Renewable: they are naturally
replenished on a human timescale such
as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves,
biomass and geothermal energy
Non Renewable: they don't renew
themselves at a sufficient rate for
sustainable economic extraction in
meaningful human time-frames. The most
important: fossil (coal, petroleum, and
natural gas) fuels and nuclear generation.

3. Non RenewableNon Renewable
Energy ResourcesEnergy Resources

4. CoalCoal
It's a sedimentary rock composed
primarily of carbon along with variable
quantities of other elements, chiefly
hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen.
Coal has been used as an energy
resource, primarily burned for the
production of electricity and heat,
and is also used for industrial
purposes, such as refining metals.

5. Despite its environmental credentials, coal remains
a crucial contributor to energy supply in many
countries. Coal is the most wide-spread fossil fuel
around the world, and more than 75 countries
have coal deposits.
Large developing economies, primarily in Asia, are
powered by coal and have significant coal reserves.

6. Coal in imagesCoal in images

7. Natural GasNatural Gas
It is found in deep underground rock
formations or associated with other
hydrocarbon reservoirs in coal beds.
Petroleum is another resource found in
proximity to and with it.
Natural gas is another fossil fuel
resource often used for heating,
cooking, and electricity generation.
It is also used as fuel for vehicles
and as a chemical feedstock in the
manufacture of plastics.

8. The cleanest of all fossil-based fuels, natural gas
is plentiful and flexible. It is increasingly used in
the most efficient power generation technologies,
such as, Combined Cycle Gas Turbine with
efficiencies of about 60%.
The exploration, development and transport of gas
usually requires significant upfront investment

9. Gas in imagesGas in images

10. UraniumUranium
It is a silvery-white metallic
chemical element in the actinide
series of the periodic table,
It's weakly radioactive because all its isotopes are
unstable. The most common isotopes: U-238, U-235
with symbol U and atomic number 92. Uranium is
weakly radioactive -> all its isotopes are unstable.
Natural U - Enriched U - Natural U

11. The fission process often produces free neutrons
and photons, and releases a very large amount of
energy.
This makes possible a selfsustaining nuclear chain
reaction that releases energy at a controlled rate in
a nuclear reactor or at a very rapid uncontrolled rate
in a nuclear weapon
Nuclear fission is either a
nuclear reaction or a
radioactive decay process
in which the nucleus of a
particle splits into smaller
parts (lighter nuclei).

12. The nuclear industry has a relatively short history:
the first nuclear reactor was build in 1954.
Total electricity production due to nuclear
generation has been growing during the past two
decades although the three major nuclear
accidents have slowed down or even reversed its
growth in some countries.

13. NuclearNuclear
in imagesin images
The worst The future