The document discusses various energy resources and their significance, particularly focusing on India's energy consumption and the challenges it faces, including a low per capita consumption rate and a negative energy balance. It highlights renewable energy sources such as wind, geothermal, tidal, and biomass energy, outlining their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, the text addresses the consequences of overusing non-renewable energy resources, stressing the urgent need for new technologies and alternative fuels.

1. ENERGY
RESOURCES
A PRESENTATION BY ;- ALTAMAS ALI
B.Sc. – MICROBIOLOGY

2. INTRODUCTION
• Energy can be defined as the capacity to do work.
• Energy is present in number of forms like mechanical ,
• thermal , chemical , biological.
• It is an important factor in the development of an economy.
• The demand for energy has increased with economic development of the world.
• In India , the per capita energy consumption is only 221 KG. of oil
equivalent/year.
• It is very low rate compared with other countries.

3. WORLD WIDE ENERGY USE

4. Indian Scenario on Energy Resources
• India ranks sixth in the world in total energy consumption.
• India has increased installed power capacity from 1,362MW to 1,62,366MW
since independence .
• India has electrified more than 50,000 villages.
• India is the Eleventh largest economy in the world , in terms of
purchasing power .

5. “
”
The demand for energy has grown at an average of 3.6
% per annum over the past few years.
This rapid increase in use of energy has created
problems of demand & supply.
Increasing demand of energy will directly affect the economy of any state.
Around 44 % of households do not have access to the electricity.

6. It indicates that India has had a Negative Energy Balance for decades.
Because of which, the future of Non renewable energies is becoming uncertain.
.

7. Wind Energy
• The development of wind power in India began in the 1986 with first wind farms
being set up in coastal areas of Maharasahtra (Ratnagiri), Gujarat (Okha) and Tamil
Nadu (Tuticorin) with 55 kW Vestas wind turbines. These demonstration projects
were supported by the Minstry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE). The
capacity has significantly increased in the last few years and as of 31 Aug 2016 the
installed capacity of wind power in India was 27,676.55 MW, mainly spread across
the South, West and North regions. Although a relative newcomer to the wind
industry, compared with countries such as Denmark or the United States, by year
end 2015 India had the fourth largest installed wind power capacity in the
world.(behind 1. China, 2. USA and 3. Germany), having overtaken 5. Spain in
2015 and ahead of 6. UK.

8. Geothermal Energy
• Geothermal energy is the heat from the Earth. It's clean and sustainable.
Resources of geothermal energy range from the shallow ground to hot
water and hot rock found a few miles beneath the Earth's surface, and down
even deeper to the extremely high temperatures of molten rock called
magma.

9. Geothermal Energy Advantages
• Environmentally friendly – There are a few polluting aspects to
harnessing geothermal energy, and the carbon footprint of a geothermal
power plant is seen as minimal. An average geothermal power plant releases
the equivalent of 122 kg CO2 for every megawatt-hour (MWh) of electricity
it generates – one-eighth of the CO2 emissions associated with typical coal
power plants.

10. .
• A stable resource – The power output of a geothermal plant can be
accurately predicted. Not subject to the same low-energy fluctuations as
with solar or wind.
• Significant Savings for Home Owners – There has been a tremendous
increase in the number of homeowners who want to utilize geothermal
energy for heating and cooling purposes. The result is that less energy is
used for heating homes and offices which results in significant savings for
home owners. After the initial expense, a 30- 60% savings on heating and
25-50% savings on cooling can cover that cost within few years.

11. Geothermal
Energy Disadvantages
• Overall efficiency for power production is quite law , compared to fossil
fuels.
• Air pollution to release a gases are present in stream.
• Drilling operation at sites causes noise pollution.

12. Tidal Energy
• Tidal power, also called tidal energy, is a form of hydropower that converts
the energy obtained from tides into useful forms of power, mainly
electricity.
• Although not yet widely used, tidal power has potential for future electricity
generation. Tides are more predictable than wind energy and solar power.

13. Generation of Tidal Energy

14. .
• Tidal stream generators are very similar to wind turbines except their below
the water surface instead of above or on land. The turbine and generator
converts the movement of water coming from change in tide, the kinetic
energy, into electricity.

15. Biomass Energy
• One common example is wood. Biomass contains stored energy. That's
because plants absorb energy from the sun through the process of
photosynthesis. When biomass is burned, this stored energy is released as
heat. Burning biomass releases carbon dioxide.

17. Advantages
• 1) Biomass used as a fuel reduces need for fossil fuels for the production of
heat, steam, and electricity for residential, industrial and agricultural use.
• 2)Biomass is always available and can be produced as a renewable resource.

18. Problems due to over use of energy resources
• Extinction of resource: It has been predicted that many of the non
renewable sources like crude oil, will completely deplete in the 35 to 40 years
as they are limited and get centuries to replenish.
• Pollution: Overuse of energy sources results in emission of Co 2, So 2, No
x, particulate matter which causes air pollution, and related problems like,
acid rains, global warming.

19. .
• Economic effects: As these resources will be depleted, cost will increase,
which will seriously effect economy and the development of the nation.
• Need for the development of new technology: The technology used for
conventional resources will become obsolete so new technology has to be
develop using alternate fuels.

20. Thank You.