ACTUATORS AND MECHATRONICS SYSTEM DESIGN

1. ACTUATORS AND MECHATRONICS
SYSTEM DESIGN
Presented by
NAME : S.ARUNKUMAR
DEPARTMENT : MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
COLLEGE : SUDHARASAN ENGG COLLEGE

2. ENGINE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
• Introduction
• Electronics control units. (ECU)
• Fuel delivery system.
• Ignition system.
• Various sensors used in engine
management system.

3. INTRODUCTION:
EMS stands for Engine Management System which consists of a wide range
of electronic and electrical components such as sensors, relays, actuators and
an Engine Control Unit.

4. Electronic control unit:
An electronic control unit is a device responsible for overseeing, regulating
and altering the operation of a car's electronic systems. Each of a car's electronic
features, such as an anti-lock braking system or electronic fuel injection setup, will
typically be controlled by an ECU.

5. Fuel injection system:
The function of the vehicle fuel system is to store and supply fuel to the
engine. The engine intake system is where the fuel is mixed with air, atomized, and
vaporized. As the fuel is delivered, the final conditions for providing complete
combustion are atomization and the spray pattern of the fuel.

6. Ignition system:
An ignition system generates a spark or heats an electrode to a high
temperature to ignite a fuel-air mixture in spark ignition internal combustion
engines, oil-fired and gas-fired boilers, rocket engines, etc…

7. Various sensors used in engine management system:
Engine management fall into eight broad categories:
a) Throttle-position sensors.
b) Exhaust gas oxygen sensors.(EGO)
c) Manifold absolute pressure sensors.(MAP)
d) Temperature sensors.
e) Engine speed/Timing sensors.
f) Exhaust gas regulation valve position sensor.(EGR)
g) Mass air flow sensor.(MAF)
h) Knock sensor.

9. Throttle-position sensors:
A throttle position sensor (TPS) is a sensor used to monitor the air intake of an
engine. The sensor is usually located on the butterfly spindle/shaft so that it can directly
monitor the position of the throttle. An engine's power can be increased or decreased by
the restriction of inlet gases (by the use of a throttle), but usually decreased. The
term throttle has come to refer, informally, to any mechanism by which the power or speed
of an engine is regulated, such as a car's accelerator pedal. What is often termed
a throttle (in an aviation context) is also called a thrust lever, particularly for jet
engine powered aircraft. For a steam locomotive, the valve which controls the steam is
known as the regulator.

10. Exhaust gas oxygen sensor:
An exhaust gas oxygen sensor, also known as lambda sensor, is a device for
measuring the oxygen proportion in the exhaust gas being analyzed. The sensor is part
of the emissions control system and provides data to the engine management computer.
The input from the oxygen sensor is used to balance the fuel mixture.

11. Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) sensor :
The Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) sensor is a key sensor because
it senses engine load. The sensor generates a signal that is proportional to the
amount of vacuum in the intake manifold. The engine computer then uses this
information to adjust ignition timing and fuel enrichment.

12. Temperature sensor (TS) :
On most vehicles, the temperature sensor (TS) can be found somewhere
near the engine thermostat, which allows it to function optimally. The sensor works
by measuring the temperature that's being given off by the thermostat and/or the
coolant itself. The temperature is then sent to the on-board control system.

13. Engine speed/timing sensor :
The secondary engine speed/timing sensor is used to determine when the
piston in the No. 1 Cylinder is at the top of the compression stroke. When
the timing has been established, the primary engine speed/timing sensor is then
used to determine engine speed.

14. Exhaust gas regulation(EGR) Valve position sensors:
Monitors EGR (exhaust gas regulation) valve position by sending varying
voltages to the onboard computer. The onboard computer uses this input and
information from the other sensors to determine the correct amount of exhaust gas to
properly control emissions.

15. Mass air flow sensor:
The computer in your car then measures electrical resistance through
the MAF as the air flowing through the sensor cools its components down. With a
firm understanding of how much air is flowing into your engine, the computer can
then direct fuel injectors to add more or less gasoline to the air/fuel mixture.

16. Knock Sensor:
When knocking is detected, the engine's computer can retard the spark plug
timing to prevent it. In the event of knock sensor failure, the driver may experience
audible knocking or pinging and/or diminished acceleration, which is sometimes
accompanied by decreased gas mileage.

17. THANK YOU ALL