Toyota car and its sensors

1. TOYOTA
INNOVA CRYSTA
&
IT’S SENSORS
VIPIN V
ROLL NO 66
AUTOMOBILE
ENGINEERING

2. Content
Introduction
Sensors
Types of sensors and application

3. Introduction
INNOVA CRYSTA
• INNOVA CRYSTA is been produced by TOYOTA.
• The INNOVA CRYSTA is available in both petrol and
diesel engine.
• The diesel engine is of 2393cc and the petrol is of
2694cc.
• It is available with both automatic and manual
transmission.
• The Innova crysta is a 7 seater and has a length of
4735mm,width of 1830mm and wheelbase of
2750mm.
• Diesel engine produces max power of 148bhp @
3400rpm and max torque of 360Nm
• It has a fuel capacity of 55L it is an MUV type car

4.  SENSORS
Sensors are devices which detects or measures a physical property
and records, indicates, or otherwise responds to it.
Thus Innova crysta also have different types of sensors to sense the different
physical movements and respond to those movement
• THROTTLE POSITION
SENSOR(TPS)
Throttle position sensor(TPS) Is a sensor used to monitor the air intake
of an engine .The sensor is usually located on butterfly spindle/shaft,
so that it can directly monitor the position of the throttle
 TYPES OF SENSORS

5. • EXHAUST TEMPERATURE
SENSOR
• The exhaust gas temperature sensor
measure the temperature of the
exhaust gas. In diesel engines, exhaust
gas temperature sensors are also used
to monitor the temperature of the
diesel particulate filter(DPF) to
establish the correct temperature for
regeneration, reducing harmful
emissions. It is placed in the exhaust
pipe of vehicle

6. • NOx SENSOR
A nitrogen oxide sensor or NOx sensor is
typically a high- temperature device build to
detect ‘nitrogen oxide’ in combustion
environments such as automobile, truck tailpipe
or smokestack
• VOLTAGE SENSOR
Voltage sensors are wireless tools that can be
attached to any number of assets, machinery or
equipment. They provide 24/7 monitoring,
constantly watching for voltage data that could
indicate a problem .low voltage may signal a
potential issue, while other assets may be in danger
when voltage is too high

7. • FUEL PRESSURE
SENSOR
The fuel pressure sensor is an engine management
component that is commonly found on diesel , and some
gasoline injected vehicles. It is a part of vehicle’s fuel system
and designed to monitor the fuel pressure that is present at
the fuel rail
• CAMSHAFT POSITION
SENSOR
The camshaft sensor enables the engine control to determine the exact
position of crankshaft drive. The information is required to calculate
the ignition point and injection point, among other things. The
camshaft sensor work according to the Hall principle. It scans a ring
gear on the camshaft. The rotation of the ring gear change the hall
voltage of the hall IC in the sensor head. This change in voltage is
transmitted to the control unit and evaluated there in order to
establish the required data

8. • KNOCK SENSOR
The knock sensor is one kind of sensor used to detect the
flash knock. The flash is the state within the engine of the
automobile where the fuel starts burning because of the
pre-ignition, detonation, otherwise pinging. The main
function of this sensor is to monitor the ignition process
inside the engine.
•INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE
SENSOR(IAT)
The intake air temperature sensor(IAT) monitor the temperature of
the air entering the engine. The engine computer (PCM)need this
information to estimate air density so it can balance air, air fuel
mixture. The PMC changes the air/fuel ratio by changing the length
of the injector pulse

9. • COOLANT TEMPERATURE
SENSOR
A coolant temperature sensor(CTS) is used to measure the
temperature of the coolant/antifreeze mix in the cooling system,
giving an indication of how much heat the engine is giving off. The
sensor works with the vehicle’s ECU, continually monitoring the
coolant temperature to make sure the engine is running at the
optimum temperature
• CRANKSHAFT SENSOR
A crankshaft sensor is an electronic device used in an internal
combustion engine, both petrol and diesel, to monitor the
position or rotation speed of the crankshaft. This information is
used by engine management systems to control the fuel injected
or the ignition system timing and other engine parameters

10. • MANIFOLD ABSOLUTE PRESSURE
SENSOR(MAP)
The manifold absolute pressure sensor (MAP) is one of the
sensors used in an internal combustion engines electronic control
system. Engines that used a MAP sensor are typically fuel injected.
A fuel injected engine may alternatively use a mass air flow senser
to detect the intake air flow
• FUEL TEMPERATURE
SENSOR(FTS)
Fuel temperature sensor(FTS) is designed to measure the
temperature of a vehicles fuel and relay this information to the
engine control unit ,so that it can optimize the air-to-fuel mix ratio,
depending on what the fuel temperature is with respect to the
intake air temperature

11. • MASS AIR FLOW SENSOR
mass air flow sensor is a sensor used to determine the mass
flow rate of air entering a fuel-injected internal combustion
engine. The air mass information is necessary for the engine
control unit to balance and deliver the correct fuel mass to the
engine. Air changes with density with temperature and
pressure
• ENGINE SPEED SENSOR
speed sensor sense information to the car’s computer
about how fast the cars engine is spinning at any particular
moment. The sensor does this by recording how fast the
crankshaft of your vehicle is spinning

12. • OXYGEN SENSOR
An oxygen sensor is designed to detect the amount of oxygen
in the exhaust. It does this up to 7 times per second. It
compares the amount of oxygen in the exhaust fumes to the
amount of oxygen outside the vehicle
• FUEL LEVEL SENSOR(FLS)
A fuel level sensor is used in all automobiles to indicates
fuel level. Resistive based sensor are most commonly used for
this application. These sensors are mechanically connected to
a float which moves up or down depending on the fuel level.
As the float moves, the resistance of the sensor changes

13. • TRANSMISSION SENSOR
Transmission sensors are used to calculate the actual gear
ratio of the transmission while in used. There are generally
two speed sensors that work in conjunction to provide
accurate transmission data to the vehicles powertrain
control module. The other sensor is the output shaft speed
sensor(OSS)
• EGR VALVE SENSOR
Integral to the vehicle’s engine management system,
the aptly named exhaust gas recirculation valve, or EGR valve
for short, recirculate finely metered quantities of exhaust gas
to the engine intake system for increased engine efficiency,
reduced fuel consumption and low NOx emission

14. • WHEEL SPEED SENSOR
A wheel speed sensor or vehicle speed sensor is a type of
tachometer. It is a sender device used for reading the speed
of vehicles wheel rotation. It usually consists of a toothed ring
and pickup
• AIR CONTROL SENSOR
An idle air control valve(IAC Valve) is a device commonly
used in fuel-injected vehicles to control the engine’s idling
rotational speed in carburetted vehicle a similar device known
as an idle speed control valve is used

15. • BUZZER
CLEARANCE/PARKINK
SENSOR
A buzzer or beeper is an audio signalling device which may be
mechanical electromechanical, or piezoelectric. Typical uses of
buzzers and beepers include alarm devices, timer and conformation
of user input such as mouse click or keystrock
• AIR BAG SENSOR
An air bag is a vehicle occupant-restraint system using a bag
designed to inflate extremely quickly then quickly deflect during a
collision. During a crash the vehicles crash sensors provide crucial
information to a air bag electronic control unit , including collision
type, angle and severity of impact