Discuss the impact that the tonnage of sulfur or sulfuric acid recov.pdf

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Discuss the impact that the tonnage of sulfur or sulfuric acid recovered from SO2 in flue gas treatment would have upon the chemical industry if all coal- and oil-fired were required to use such treatment processes. Solution YEs, definitely we must required to use FGD as sulfur dioxide enters the air mainly from industrial processes and from the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels with a substantial sulfur (S) content and represents a major source of air pollution. Sulfur dioxide is a colorless, corrosive gas that has a bitter taste, but no smell at low levels. The share of SO2 emissions comes from the use of coal and oil in fossil-fired power plants, in industrial combustion units, in small combustion units in households, and in vehicles. Besides the concentration of SO2 in stack gases emitted by steam generation plants is usually in the range of 800 to 6000 mg/Nm3, the volume of gases produced by the utility industry worldwide results in the liberation of a large tonnage of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere.Sulfur dioxide is a chemical that can be dangerous in many ways. At lower levels, sulfur dioxide has been found to be a corrosive irritant to eyes and skin. Sulfur dioxide has been associated with a variety of respiratory diseases and increased mortality rates. Inhalation of sulfur dioxide can cause increased airway resistance by constricting lung passages. Sulfur dioxide is also one of the main ingredients in acid rain. Acid rain occurs when sulfur dioxide or other gaseous chemicals, such as nitrogen oxides, are released into the air. These gases ascend through the atmosphere, and when they reach upper cloud levels, they react with water, oxygen, and sunlight.Various concentrations of sulfuric acid and nitric acid are then produced. These acids mix with the condensed water vapor in the clouds and fall to the ground with the water in various forms of precipitation. This precipitation with greater acidity is what is known as acid rain. Acid rain is dangerous to many natural ecosystems; it can harm plants, sand, make water undrinkable, and unlivable for many animals. The biggest producers of sulfur dioxide emissions are electrical utilities that produce electricity through the burning of fossil fuels.Sulfur dioxide emissions, from combustion installations using coal or HFO, can be reduced by fuel desulfurization or by FGD, as well as by a combination of these two measures. Flue gas desulfurization is an efficient method for the reduction of the sulfur dioxide emissions.2 Many processes are available in the market, such as (a) wet scrubbers, (b) spray dry scrubbers, (c) sorbent injection, (d) regenerable processes, and (e) combined SO2/NOX removal processes.

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