Why was any carbon-containing molecule originally called organic.pdf

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Why was any carbon-containing molecule originally called \"organic\"? A. Carbon-containing molecules were thought to be only produced by organisms. B. Carbon-containing molecules contain organic substances within them that cannot be synthesized inorganically. C. Carbon- containing molecules do not contain hydrogen or oxygen, the inorganic parts of organisms. D. Carbon-containing molecules were thought to be present only outside of organisms - in the inorganic areas of the earth: water, air, and stone. Solution Correct answer (A) It was once thought that organic compounds could only be created by living organisms..

Why was any carbon-containing molecule originally called "organic"? A. Carbon-containing
molecules were thought to be only produced by organisms. B. Carbon-containing molecules
contain organic substances within them that cannot be synthesized inorganically. C. Carbon-
containing molecules do not contain hydrogen or oxygen, the inorganic parts of organisms. D.
Carbon-containing molecules were thought to be present only outside of organisms - in the
inorganic areas of the earth: water, air, and stone.
Solution
Correct answer (A)
It was once thought that organic compounds could only be created by living organisms.

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what is the \"HTTP\" protocol used for? What are its major parts? Solution it is a application protocol for data communication for the world wide web request and response method: it contains what type of action does client want to perform uri:it is know as uniform resource indicator it will have the address of the required resource header fileds:it will tell extra information about the request body:it contains the data which sent by the client to the server via: these are used proxies to display intermediate sites that the request passes.

what is the HTTP protocol used for What are its major parts.pdf

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What is the between facial action unit and facial landmark differences ? Solution There is a difference between the facial action unit and facial landmark. The difference can be illustrated as follows: FACIAL ACTION UNIT: Humans interact far more naturally with each other tahn they do with machines. To approach the naturalness of face-to-face human interaction machines should be able to emulate the way humans communicate with each other. Although speech alone is often sufficient for communicating with another person, non-verbal communicative cues can help to synchronize the dialogue, to signal comprehensionor disagreement and to let the dialogue run smoother, with less interruptions. With facial expresssions we clarify what is said by means of lip-reading, we stress the importance of the spoken message by means of conversational signals like raisisng eyebrows, and siognal comprehension,disagrreement,boredom and intensions. Machine understanding of facial expressions could revolutionize user interfaces including ambient,automotiveand robot interfaces and has become,therefore,a hot topic in computer-vision approach. FACIAL LANDMARK: Localizing facial landmarks (i.e facial alignment) is a fundamental step in facial image analysis. However, the problem is still challenging due to the large variability in pose and appearence, and the existence of occlusions in real-world face images. EGM (Exemplar-based graph matching) framework is used in the facial landmark localization.Compared to conventional algorithms, EGM has three advantages:.

What is the between facial action unit and facial landmark differenc.pdf

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What is the between facial action unit and facial landmark differenc.pdf

What are contemporary management challenges and opportunities? Solution Contemporary management challenges are:- The character of ownership Globalization and anti-globalization Social sustainability Corporate social responsibility and corporate criminality Environmentalsustainability Organizational misbehaviour and resistance Corporate governance Masculinisation and Feminisation of Management Organizational identity and identity work New forms of work such as emotional labour and aesthetic labour New organizational forms.

What are contemporary management challenges and opportunitiesSo.pdf

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Valinomycin is a potassium ionophore. What would be its effect on insulin secretion by cells that were exposed to valinomycin? Solution Ionosphore are the molecules which can transfer a particular ions across a semi-permeambke membrane..!! Valinomycin is also a ionophore which transfer the potassium across the cell memberane.. Due to which when it is exposed to the beta cells of insulin it inhibits the secretion of insulin in the body as potassium plays a major role in insulin secretion.. As the concentration of potassium is disturbed in the beta cells in inhibits the insulin secretion.. Hence the blood glucose level increases..!!.

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The retrovirus genome is made of the nucleic acid before the virus becomes a provirus, in order for that to occur the form of the genome must be converted to Solution 1) Answer: The retrovirus genome is made of the nucleic acid, RNA before the virus become a provirus; in order that to occur, single stranded form of the genome must be converted to double stranded form. Explanation: A retrovirus is a single-stranded RNA virus with a DNA intermediate and, as an obligate parasite, targets a host cell. In most viruses, DNA is transcribed into RNA, and then RNA is translated into protein. However, retroviruses function differently, as their RNA is reverse-transcribed into DNA (by an enzyme reverse transcriptase), which is integrated into the host cell\'s genome (when it becomes a provirus), and then undergoes the usual transcription and translational processes to express the genes carried by the virus. 2) Answer: Human make RNA during a process called transcription. Synthesis of RNA is usually catalyzed by an enzyme—RNA polymerase—using DNA as a template, a process known as transcription..

The retrovirus genome is made of the nucleic acid before the virus be.pdf

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the probability that it is raining is .25. the orbability that it is windy is .30. if it is windy, the probability that it is raining is .40. what is the probabilty that it is raining and windy? assume that the events raining and windy are not independent. Solution Let R denote the event of raining and W that of winding. Given, P(R)=.25 P(W)=.3 and P(R|W) = .4 We know P(R|W) = P(RW) /P(W) => P(RW) = P(R|W)*P(W) =>P(RW)=P(It is raining and windy)=(.4)*(.3)=0.12.

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Significance of Discoveries in Genetics and DNA Our understanding of genetic inheritance and the function of DNA in producing the characteristics of the individual have been developing for more than 150 years. Consider our current state of knowledge. Link genetic characteristics to DNA structure. Explain how DNA through the process of protein synthesis is responsible for the ultimate expression of the characteristics in the organism. Describe how interference in protein synthesis can result in disruption of cellular and bodily processes? How does the significance of one class of proteins, the enzymes, relate? Please answer all questions! Solution 1. Genes are segments of chromosome and correspond to DNA sequence(s). The DNA segment carries coded information for the synthesis of specific proteins which carry out different functions in the cell. The characters are expressed through proteins. DNA is packed into chromosomes. In gametes, the chromosome number is halved. The fusion of gametes in zygotes restores the chromosome number. 2. Segments of DNA called genes carry traits in encoded form. The genes undergo transcription (transfer of information from DNA to RNA). This is followed by translation which is the transfer of information from the RNA to the protein. The characters are expressed through proteins which are specific in function. 3. Various antimicrobial drugs interfere with the process of protein synthesis at the ribosome level. The information encoded in the nucleotides of DNA are expressed through proteins which carry out specific functions in the cell. Disruption of protein synthesis prevents the biochemical pathways and specific functions of proteins. 4. Enzymes are responsible for controlling various vital activities in the cell. They synthesize, deliver and eliminate various chemicals. Enzymes undergo slow depletion which reduces overall strength and viatality of the human body..

Significance of Discoveries in Genetics and DNA Our understandin.pdf

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Scope is much less complicated if functions cannot contain other func.pdf

Scope is much less complicated if functions cannot contain other func.pdf

Scope is much less complicated if functions cannot contain other func.pdf

Refer to the drawings in Figure 13.2 of a single pair of homologous chromosomes as they might appear during various stages of either mitosis or meiosis, and answer the following questions (28). Which diagram represents chromosomes in prophase I of meiosis? I II III IV V VI Which diagram represents anaphase II of meiosis? I III IV V Solution 26) IV Explanation: During prophase I of meiosis, synapsed homologous chromosomes are observed as tetrads. 27) II Explanation: There is separation of centromeres. As a result, chromatids separate and they are now called independent chromosomes..

Refer to the drawings in Figure 13.2 of a single pair of homologous c.pdf

Refer to the drawings in Figure 13.2 of a single pair of homologous c.pdf

Refer to the drawings in Figure 13.2 of a single pair of homologous c.pdf

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Organ transplants recipients take medications to suppress their immune system for a lifetime. What specific type(s) of immune response are they suppressing? What types of infections are they most susceptible to? Why? Solution Transplantation is the act of transferring cells, tissues, organs from one site to another. The malfunction of an organ system can be corrected with transplantation of an organ ( eg: kidney, liver, heart, lung, and pancreas) from donor Immunosuppressive drugs: 1. immunophillin binding agents: eg: cyclosporine, tacrolimus these agents suppress calcineurin inhibitors, they primarily suppress activation of T cells by inhibition of cytokine production IL-2 2.Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR inhibitors) which inhibitss IL-2 mediated signal transduction result of B-cells, T-cells arrest in G1-S phase. 3. Antiproliferative agents inhibits DNA replication and suppress B-cell, T-cells proliferation. 4. Steriods important for treating episodes of acute rejection 5. NK cell inactivation Use of immunosuppressive drugs requires balance between risk of loss of transplanted organ and toxicity agents Most susceptible infection of transplantation are shown below: Bacterial infections: The type of bacteria infection observed following organ transplantation are divided as follows: 1. Those related to transplantation operation 2. Those related to prolonged hospitalization (nosocomial infection) 3. Those related to immunosuppressive treatment Bacterial infection occurs in 33 to 68% of liver transplant recipients, 21 to 30% of heart transplant recipients and 35% pancrease transplant recipients, 47% of kidney transplant recipients. The following bacteria causes infection during transplantation are given below: Legionella spp Nocardia spp Salmonella spp Listeria monocytogenes Viral infections: Cytomegalovirus Herpes Simplex Virus Varicella Zoster Virus Epistein barr Virus HIV Hepatitis Virus Fungal infections: Candida spp Cryptococcus neoformans Endemic Dimorphic Fungi Parasitic infections: Toxoplasma gondii Strongylodies stercoralis.

Organ transplants recipients take medications to suppress their immu.pdf

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Organ transplants recipients take medications to suppress their immu.pdf

Need Bacteria Factor VIII Bio wiz please, last chance!! Incorrect. At least one of the statements you have selected is incorrect. Think about the similarities and differences between transcription and translation in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. What cellular machinery involved is similar in each type of organism? Order the steps that would be used in a laboratory to engineer a bacterium that could express the human gene coding for factor ViI. Not all steps will be placed. Continued below... solate the human gene that produces factor VIlI. The factor VIlI protein is isolated from human tissues. Isolate the mRNA of the factor VIlIl gene. Generate cDNA of the factor VIlI gene using reverse transcriptase.gene Insert the factor VIlII cDNA into a bacterial vector near a promoter site Transform the vector into an E. coli bacterium. Human DNA is introduced into the bacterial cell using a projectile gun and DNA-coated tungsten E. coli expresses factor VIII. Scroll up for feedback Solution In the first section the last statement you have selected is incorrect i.e. there is no fit for the sentence \"Human DNA is introduced into the bacterial cell using a projectile gun and DNA coated tungsten\" as in the process of transformation the plasmid vector containing factor VII gene under a bacterial promoter is already introduced inside the bacterial cell. The plasmid vector containing factor VII gene under a bacterial promoter inside the bacterial cell will be under bacterial promoter control. Universality of DNA sequence will allow it to transcribe but codon biasness may hinder the expression. There is degeneracy of genetic codon i.e. alternative triplet codon is used to mean for amino acids. When the triplet code for no amino acid (stop codon) or tRNA for that code is not available the transcription terminates. If the tRNA is not readily available then the transcription eventually terminates. So E. coli is added with another plasmid like RIL/RIPL plus to supplement those tRNA those are frequently and exclusively used in eukaryotic sequence. In RIPL plus cess there is no limited tRNA for R, I, P and L so the code reads without attenuation. So the Answer to the second question is \"The gene will induce attenuation in the bacterial cell, which will cause a delay in the transcription and translation of the factor VII gene. Instead of supplementing RIPL it would have been managed by modifying codon of the introduced gene of factor VII for bacteria optimised codons but in the question it is mentioned that the gene is unmodified. The eukaryotic gene under bacterial promoter can be transcribed and translated using prokaryotic system. The intronic sequence is not present in the cDNA when it is reverse transcribed from mRNA as introns are processed or removed in processed mRNA. The plasmid vector containing factor VII gene under a bacterial promoter inside the bacterial cell..

Need Bacteria Factor VIII Bio wiz please, last chance!! Incorrect. A.pdf

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Need Bacteria Factor VIII Bio wiz please, last chance!! Incorrect. A.pdf

Multiplexing Question. Describe (briefly) the technique of multiplexed switching of analogue signals. Solution Different type of multiplexing is used in communication. The following three major multiplexing techniques : 1.Frequency division multiplexing 2.Wavelength division multiplexing 3.Time division multiplexing 1. Frequency Division Multiplexing In this type of multiplexing, signals are generated by sending different device-modulated carrier frequencies, and these modulated signals are then combined into a single signal that can be transported by the link. To accommodate the modulated signal, the carrier frequencies are separated with enough bandwidth, and these bandwidth ranges are the channels through which different signals travel. These channels can be separated by unused bandwidth. Some of the examples for the time division multiplexing include radio and television signal transmission. 2. Wavelength Division Multiplexing Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is a technology in fiber optic communications; and, for the high capacity communication systems, wavelength division multiplexing is the most promising concept. This system uses multiplexer at transmitter to join signals and demultiplexer to split the signals apart, at the receiver end. The purpose of WDM is to combine multiple light sources into a single light source at the multiplexer; and, at the demultiplexer the single light is converted into multiple light sources. WDM is designed to use the high data rate capability of the fiber optic cable. The data rate of this cable is higher than the metallic transmission cable’s data rate. Conceptually, the wavelength division multiplexing is same as the frequency division multiplexing, except for the transmission through the fiber optic channels wherein the multiplexing and demultiplexing involves optical signals. 3. Time-Division Multiplexing Time division multiplexing is a technique used to transmit a signal over a single communication channel by dividing the time frame into slots – one slot for each message signal. Time-division multiplexing is primarily applied to digital signals as well as analog signals, wherein several low speed channels are multiplexed into high-speed channels for transmission. Based on the time, each low-speed channel is allocated to a specific position, where it works in synchronized mode. At both the ends, i.e., the multiplexer and demultiplexer are timely synchronized and simultaneously switched to the next channel. Types of TDM Time division multiplexing is classifieds into four types: *Synchronous time-division multiplexing *Asynchronous time-division multiplexing *Interleaving time-division multiplexing *Statistical time-division multiplexing.

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A researcher follows Great Horned Owls throughout Idaho. They collect the pellets and estimate the amount of DDT in the adult owls given what they are eating to follow the impacts this chemical has on owl reproduction. Define what level of ecological research is being addressed (population, community or ecosystem ecology) and explain your reasoning for why this study fits this ecological level. Solution The level of ecological research that is being addressed here is population.This is because, throughout Idaho,all the Great Horned Owls together make a population.Estimation that is being carried out is among all the members of the same species i.e Great Horned Owls.Further,in this ecological research,the effect of one variable i.e DDT on owl\'s reproduction is being studied which will give a clue as to if the population of owl is decreasing or increasing in response to DDT intake..

A researcher follows Great Horned Owls throughout Idaho. They collect.pdf

A researcher follows Great Horned Owls throughout Idaho. They collect.pdf

A researcher follows Great Horned Owls throughout Idaho. They collect.pdf

Introduction: Programmers for a Better Tomorrow Programmers for a Better Tomorrow is an organization dedicated to helping charities, medical societies, and scholarship organizations manage various tasks so that they can focus on making the world a better place! They have asked you and your classmates to help them develop some new programs to benefit their organizations. Problem: Food Bank Management (foodbank.c) Programmers for a Better Tomorrow is now in partnership with a local Food Bank which distributes food items to people in need. People come in to a Food Bank and make their donations, and others might come in to make a request for any food item they want. A Food Bank Management Program is used to keep track of the stock the Food Bank has (i.e., the donations), keep a record of requests that come in, fulfilling requests and printing the status report which consists of the amount of stock present in the food bank and the requests that are not yet fulfilled. The program will require you to make at least one array. You may choose to make multiple one- dimensional arrays: one to serve as a Donations Table and one to serve as a Request Table. The index of the array will represent the inventory type. The value in the array will represent the amount present or needed of that type. You may, instead, choose to combine these to two arrays into a single two-dimensional array. There are 5 inventory types: Protein Dairy Grains Vegetables Fruits Your program should allow the user the following options: Enter a Donation Enter a Request Fulfill Requests Print status report Exit Option 1: Ask the user for the inventory type and amount of the donation to be made. When the donation has been added to the donations table, the program should notify the user by printing out “Donation Added”. Option 2: Ask the user for the inventory type and amount of the request to be made. When the request has been added to the requests table, the program should notify the user by printing out “Request Added”. Option 3: Check each type of inventory in the Request Table. For each item that has a value in the request table, check to see if there is inventory of the same type in the donations table. If there are no donations of that type, print “ requests cannot be fulfilled.” Replace with the correct inventory type (Dairy, Fruit, etc.). If there is some inventory in the donations table, but not enough to process all requests, print “ requests will be partially fulfilled”. Reduce both the donation and request amounts based on how much of the request was able to be fulfilled. Replace with the correct inventory type (Dairy, Fruit, etc.). If there is enough inventory to fulfill the request, print “type x> requests will be fulfilled.” Reduce the appropriate amount from the Donations Table and remove the amount from the Request Table. Replace with the correct inventory type (Dairy, Fruit, etc.). Option 4: Print both tables, indicating which is for donations and which is for requests.

Introduction Programmers for a Better TomorrowProgrammers for a B.pdf

Introduction Programmers for a Better TomorrowProgrammers for a B.pdf

Introduction Programmers for a Better TomorrowProgrammers for a B.pdf

Is there any way in which we can accept Hobbes\' view of human being in the state of nature, and yet reject his positivistic account of politics and law? Solution Hobbes’s view of human being says that all are equal with freedom that creates rights and liabilities. Further, Hobbes says that if there is no law then there is no justice. Former statement can be accepted while later statement can be denied due to following reasons:.

Is there any way in which we can accept Hobbes view of human being.pdf

Is there any way in which we can accept Hobbes view of human being.pdf

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1. Please answer all questions 1) Today\'s managers should expect to interact with international clients and customers because: a. Telecommunications and the Internet are connecting people and businesses all over the word. b. Most businesses are large multinational corporations. c. Organizations can\'t succeed without serving global markets. d. Some countries have international trade agreements. 2) To be effective in an international setting, managers must be prepared to encounter: a. differences in social values. b. differences in culture c. differences in languages d. all of these 3) Which of the following beliefs could help managers avoid the pitfall of regarding other cultures as inferior to their own? a. \"My country\'s way of doing business is correct\" b. \"Most people around the world think and act as I do\" c. \"Researching other cultures can help me develop better businesses relationships globally\" 2. Complete the exersise by selecting the right key term 1) A manager with this would never offer a Muslim coworker food with his or her left hand. a. Rigid cultural boundaries b. An ethnocentric approach c. A global mundset d. A bottom of the pyramid concept 2) Companies using this globalization strategy tend to use different approaches in each of the countries in which they operate a. Multidomestic b. Geocentric c.Ethnocentric d. Polycentric 3) This strategy only involves selling products outside of one\'s home country a.Exporting b.Direct investing c.Franchising d.Licensing 4) This is one of the problems with doing business in Africa, and it is involves the lack of highways and airports, for example. a. Per-capita income b. Infrastructure c. Economic strategy d. Global mindset 5) People who are classified by Hofstede as having this national value act on their own and gave loose ties with others in society a. Masculinity b. Individualism c. Uncertainty avoidance d. Femininity 6) In this type of society, relationships and trust are more important than business a. Femininity b. High-context culture c. Uncertainty avoidance d. Power distance 7) The association of countries reduces trade barriers and establishes a common currency for most of the European continent. a.WTO b.EU c.EFTO d.CAFTA 8) A franchising strategy is _______ risky than an acquisition strategy when entering the global market a. more b. less 9) The designation of developing versus developed is based in part on a country\'s ______________. a. exchange rate b. kinship patterns c. per capita income 10) One of the biggest drawbacks to doing business in less-developed countries is: a. The large number of experienced managers b. The sophistication of financial markets c. The lack of a well-developed infrastructure d. The high wages of the population 11) Guinea lowered its projection of economic growth from 4.5 percent to 2.9 percent after problems with a delayed election and ethnic conflict in the country. This is an example of how____________________ can influence a country\'s .

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1. Please answer all questions1) Todays managers should expect t.pdf

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