Describe at least 3 adverse conditions caused by toxicants that enter.pdf

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Describe at least 3 adverse conditions caused by toxicants that enter the pulmonary system. Make sure you include how each condition adversely affects the pulmonary system. Solution pulmonary system brings oxygen into the body and remove toxic gases Nasal cavity and throat of upper airway brings 21% oxygen into the body Trachea,bronchi and bronchioles a branching structure of airways carries air into the body Balance between oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood regulates pulmonary respiration Pulmonary toxicity is due to chemotherapy for cancer and several medicinal drugs lead to pulmonary toxicity RADIATION(radiotherapy)used for cancer treatment may also be highly effective AIR POLLUTION effects the respiratory system greatly and air quality has an impact on lungs.In addition to oxygen, air contains pollutants which are very harmful to health Cells of lung tissue damaged by this air pollutants such as ozone,metals and free radicals OZONE can cause damage to alveoli i.e.,air sac grapelike structure which is located at the end of bronchioles.Blood vessels surround these alveoli and carry blood cells and mainly exchange of oxygen and carbondioxide takes place due to alveoli by diffusion Cigarette smoking,long term exposure to industrial chemicals are leading causes of pulmonary disease Lungs face continual exposure to pathogens,they are vulnerable to viral,bacterial and fungal infections Aerobic conditioning through physical excercising regularly ,no smoking,maintaining health weight are major factors keep lung functioning effectively Toxic gases penetrate functional layers of fluid to reach tissue Diffusion of these toxicants with non toxic gases (nitrogen,oxygen,carbon dioxide and water vapour).Inhaled toxicants pass through lungs ,reach capillaries and other tissues through blood Irritant gases such as chlorine,sulphur dioxide,ozone,nitrogen and ammonia effect mostly the respiratory track and also effects sinus cavity These irritant substances also enters peripheral portion of lung causes inflammation Acute bronchitis caused by dusts,fumes from certain organic compounds and environmental irritants.

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