2. RESPIRATION, process by which an organism exchanges
gases with its environment. The term now refers to the
overall process by which oxygen is abstracted from air and
is transported to the cells for the oxidation of organic
molecules while carbon dioxide (CO2) and water, the
products of oxidation, are returned to the environment. In
single-celled organisms, gas exchange occurs directly
between cell and environment, i.e., at the cell membrane.
In plants, gas exchange with the environment occurs in
special organs, the stomates, found mostly in the leaves

3. TYPE OF AIR
POLLUTION
Nicotine
Haze
Carbon monoxide
Tar

4. Nicotine is a chemical compound
that is present in tobacco. When
tobacco is smoked, nicotine is
absorbed through the wall lining of
the small air sacs in the lungs.
When sniffed or chewed, it is
absorbed through the mucous
membranes of the nose or mouth.
Nicotine can also be absorbed
through the skin.
Regardless of how nicotine is
absorbed, it enters the
bloodstream where it circulates
throughout the body and travels to
the brain where it crosses the
blood-brain barrier. Once in the
brain, it binds to and activates
receptors called the cholinergic
receptors.

5. Haze is traditionally
an atmospheric phenomenon where
dust, smoke and other dry particles
obscure the clarity of the skyHaze
often occurs when dust and smoke
particles accumulate in relatively dry
air. When weather conditions block
the dispersal of smoke and other
pollutants they concentrate and form a
usually low-hanging shroud that
impairs visibility and may become
a respiratory health threat. Industrial
pollution can result in dense haze,
which is known as smog.

6. Carbon monoxide is a colorless,
odorless, and tasteless gas that is
slightly less dense than air. It is toxic
to humans and animals when
encountered in higher
concentrations, although it is also
produced in normal animal
metabolism in low quantities, and is
thought to have some normal
biological functions. In the
atmosphere, it is spatially variable and
short lived, having a role in the
formation of ground-level ozone.

7. Tar
Tar is a substance
obtained from a
variety of organic
materials through
destructive
distillation. Tar
can be produced
from coal, wood,
petroleum, or
peat. It is black,
and a mixture
of hydrocarbons a
nd free carbon.

8. Disease related
Bronchitis
Asthma
Pneumonia
Emphysema

9. Bronchitis is a respiratory
disease in which the mucus
membrane in the lungs'
bronchial passages becomes
inflamed. As the irritated
membrane swells and grows
thicker, it narrows or shuts
off the tiny airways in the
lungs, resulting
in coughing spells that may
be accompanied by phlegm
and breathlessness.
Bronchitis is generally
caused by lung infections,
90% of which are viral in
origin.

10. Asthma
Asthma is a
common chronic inflammat
ory disease of
the airways characterized
by variable and recurring
symptoms,
reversible airflow
obstruction . Common
symptoms
include wheezing, coughin
g, chest tightness,
and shortness of breath.
Asthma is thought to be
caused by a combination
of genetic and environment
al factors.

11. Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung—affecting primarily the
microscopic air sacs known as alveoli. It is usually caused by infection
with viruses or bacteria and less commonly other microorganisms,
certain drugs and other conditions diseases. Pneumonia is due to infections
caused primarily by bacteria or viruses and less commonly
by fungi and parasites.

12. Emphysem
a
Emphysema is a type
of COPD involving damage
to the air sacs (alveoli) in the
lungs. As a result, your body
does not get the oxygen it
needs. Emphysema makes it
hard to catch your breath.
You may also have a chronic
cough and have trouble
breathing during exercise.
The most common cause is
cigarette smoking. If you
smoke, quitting can help
prevent you from getting the
disease.

13. Replace old and/or stained carpeting
Closely examine household cleaners, air
fresheners, hygiene products, gardening supplies
Assess your major appliances for harmful
emissions
Get an insulation inspection
Check for excessive moisture and mold growth
Clean up after pets regularly
Establish good airflow

14. Good practices to keep the air clean
Good practices to keep the air clean
Government
Campaigns and
contests to
increase awarness
Law and
enforcement to
catch the culprits
Parents
Education to
inculate good
practices.