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I need answer to those questions please ASAP I\'m stuck D Question 12 0.5 pts After the first round of replication, Meselson and Stahl found that all the DNA were of intermediate density indicating that the DNA molecules were made up of a hybrid of N15 (aka 15-N, or heavy isotope of N) and N14 (aka 14-N, or light isotope of N). How did they determine that the correct model of DNA replication was semi- conservative and not dispersive? Recap of Meselson and Stahl\'s experiment: https utube.com/watch?V 4gdWOWiioBE 1799: H O Because if it had been the dispersive model, after the first round of replication half the DNA would have been heavy and half would have been light. O After the second round, half the DNA were of low density and half the DNAwas of intermediate density after the second round of replication, all the DNA were were of intermediate density O after the second round, half the DNA were of high density and half the DNA were of low density. Solution Question 12 How did they determine that the correct model of DNA replication was semi conservative and not dispersive? After the second round, half the DNA was of low density and half the DNA was of intermediate density Explanation After conducting the experiment, they came to a conclusion that After first generation, they obtained DNA molecules of intermediate density After second generation, they obtained DNA, in which half is intermediate and other half is light. This supports the fact the replication if of semi-conservative type. After first generation, when DNA labeled with 15N will act as template for the synthesis of new strands, the obtained two strands will have one strand of 15N and other strand of 14N, resulting in intermediate density. But in second generation, when these N15-14N strands act as template, you will get four double strands, 2 strands with 15N-14N, 2 strands with 14N-14N, giving you Question 14: Answer is B It will have two double-stranded DNA of intermediate density and two double-stranded DNA of light strands at the end of second generation. Question 15 DNA replication is dispersive That is the reason why one clump is regular whitish color, if the replication is semi conservative then this lump should be intermediate glowing green in color due to the present of altered form of nitrogen. Question 16 Answer is a The resulting strands will be light and heavy; you cannot find any intermediate strand as here the two newly synthesized strands after one round of replication will form double helix, whereas the old two strands will remain together as one double strand..

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That is the reason why one clump is regular whitish color, if the replication is semi conservative
then this lump should be intermediate glowing green in color due to the present of altered form
of nitrogen.
Question 16
Answer is a
The resulting strands will be light and heavy; you cannot find any intermediate strand as here the
two newly synthesized strands after one round of replication will form double helix, whereas the
old two strands will remain together as one double strand.

Please find the solution. Thanks 4. As the value of increases fro.pdf

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Please help! Both answers must be in long paragraph form 1. Explain in detail Where did the chloroplast organelle come from, what is it\'s \"origin story\", what evidence supports this idea originally developed by Lynn Margulis? 2. Explain in detail What is the importance of chloroplasts to living things other than plants? What are products they make, and how did one of the waste products generated change the history of the planet earth? Solution Ans 1: Chloroplast Origin: The credit for discovery of this organelle goes to Julius Von Sachs. In Year 1837, German botanist Hugo von Mohl provided the first definitive description of the chloroplast, which is descrite bodies within the green plant cell. Later, The name was changed to plastid by A.F. W Schimper in 1883. By the end of 19th century chloroplast name was accepted in scientfic community worldwide to the cell- organelle which is green color found in plant tisuue. One major discovery was also found by schimper that chloroplast are capable of division. He suggest that origin of green pant was possibly by symbiotic relationship between chlorophyll containing and colorless organism. Another important observation was made by A. meyer in 1883 that chloroplast contain grana. Chloroplast are only found in green plant,algae etc. Green Color present in plant is only due to chloroplast. Lynn Margulis was a evolutionist, she suggest that photosynthesis process which occur in plant due to symbiosis relationship between plant cell and bacteria,which reside permanently there, by which chloroplast capture sunlight energy undergoes biochemical reaction including combination of water and carbon di oxide to make organic matter. Margulis symbisis thought of evolution of eukaryotic cell was published in \" The Origin of Eukaryotic Cells.\" Ans 2 : Importance of chloroplast is in the process of photosynthesis take place in algae, which is also eukayotes. Many are unicellular, but sometimes they can live in large colonies that may even look like plants. Cynobacteria are prokaryotes contain double outer membrane and thylakoid membrane system for the process of photosyntheis. Cyanobacteria also use the Calvin cycle to fix carbon dioxide in the same way as plants and algae. Both of the above organism perform oxygenic photosynthesis. similar way green sulphur, green non sulphur and heliobacteria use choloroplast for the process of photosynthesis. Two and a half billion years ago, single-celled organisms called cyanobacteria harnessed sunlight to split water molecules, producing energy to power their cells and releasing oxygen into an atmosphere that had previously had none. These early environmental engineers are responsible for the life we see around us today. Oxygen which is one of the waste product generated during photosynthesis change the history of the planet earth and all the higher level living organism are able to live their life easily..

Please help! Both answers must be in long paragraph form1. Explain.pdf

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\"Life\" is easy to recognize but difficult to define. According to one popular biology text, living things: 1- are highly organized compared to natural inanimate objects 2- display homeostasis, maintaining a relatively constant internal environment 3- reproduce themselves 4- grow and develop from simple beginnings 5- take energy and matter from the environment and transform it 6- Respond to stimuli 7- Show adaptation to their environment Score a person, a vacuum cleaner, and a potato with respect to these characteristics Solution Vacuum cleaner is an inanimate object. It is highly organized when compared to natural inanimate objects. Potato is natural life containing object that takes energy and matter from environment and transform it. It grow and develop from simple beginnings. It reproduces and show adaptation to the environment. Person displays homeostasis, maintaining a relatively constant internal environment, reproduce themselves, take energy and matter from the environment and transform it, respond to stimuli and show adaptation to their environment. Person is highly ranked than potato. Potato is highly ranked than inanimate object.

Life is easy to recognize but difficult to define. According to .pdf

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Let I, J be ideals in a ring R. Prove that I J is also an ideal of R.pdf

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Imagine that one of the segments in Drosophila is T2, which will form the wing, and that two of the cells in that segment will become the wing disk, and form the entire wing during pupation. Which two cells must this be? Describe them in terms of their gene expression: are they cells that express \"engrailed + hedgehog only\", \"patched only\", or \"patched + wingless only\"? Solution Answer: The effects of a total lack of engrailed function in the wing has revealed three different requirements for engrailed during wing development. 1. It has a late role in patterning the wing margin, which includes cells within the anterior compartment. 2. it is involved in the cell-cell interactions that maintain the expression of the decapentaplegic gene along the antero-posterior compartment boundary. Decapentaplegic, in turn, controls growth through a mechanism that depends on the activity of the gene hedgehog, and the maintenance of the compartment boundary depends on these cell-cell interactions. 3. Finally, there is a global requirement for engrailed in the control of growth through a hedgehog-independent mechanism. Thus, they appears to be cells which express engrailed and hedgehog only..

Imagine that one of the segments in Drosophila is T2, which will for.pdf

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If the Social Security retirement system was a private retirement system, it would be declared bankrupt. Discuss why this is so and why the Social Security system can continue to pay benefits despite the fact that it can be considered bankrupt. Discuss why the Social Security tax rate has increased so much in recent years. What measures could be taken to reduce the Social Security payroll tax rate? Solution Social Security System Definition- A system of federally funded services and payments to help support the needy ,the aged and the temporarily unemployed as well as providing support for needy, dependent, disabled ,or neglected children, rehabilitation for the disabled ,and a host of other social services. The system was established as part of the new Deal and is funded by payroll taxes paid by workers and employers. Social Security is funded through payroll taxes called Federal insurance contributions Act Tax(FICA) or self employed contributions Act(SECA).Tax deposits are collected by the internal revenue service(IRS) and are formally entrusted to the Federal Old –Age and survivors insurance Trust Fund,the Federal Disability insurance Trust Fund,the Federal Hospital insurance trust Fund,or the fedral supplementary medical insurance trustFund which make up the social Security Trust Funds.with a few exceptions ,all salaried income ,up to an amount specifically determined by law has a FICA or SECA tax collected on it .All income over said amount is not taxed ,for 2015 the maximum amount of taxable earning is $118,500 Social Security\'s financial situation hasn\'t changed much since last year, according to the annual Trustee\'s Report released last week. · There is enough money in the Social Security trust fund to pay full retirement benefits through 2033. After that, payroll taxes at current levels will bring in about 75 percent of the money required to pay Social Security\'s obligations. What measures could be taken to reduce the Social Security payroll tax rate? America\'s Social Security system is in serious trouble. Payroll tax rates have been increased 17 times in the past 40 years, yet promised benefits exceed projected revenues by trillions of dollars. Moreover, Social Security has become an increasingly bad deal for American workers who must pay record high taxes to a system that provides only meager levels of income for their retirement years. Even worse, there is no way to fix the current system to remedy these problems. Additional payroll taxes or benefit reductions would address the massive long-term deficit, but only by making the system an even poorer investment for working Americans; and raising benefits or cutting taxes, both of which could improve the rate of return for workers, would catapult Social Security into bankruptcy even sooner. The only answer to these seemingly intractable problems is to privatize the Social Security system. Countries around the world, including Chile, Australia, Mexico, Singapore, and Great Britai.

If the Social Security retirement system was a private retirement sy.pdf

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Identify the following reaction: Glucose + Fructose rightarrow Sucrose + Water dehydration synthesis reaction hydrolysis reaction exchange reaction reversible reaction ionic reaction Solution Identify the following reaction: Glucose + Fructose Sucrose + Water A) Dehydration synthesis reaction --------answer B) Hydrolysis reaction C) Exchange reaction D) Reversible reaction E) Ionic reaction explanation: Dehydration synthesis : it is the process joining two particles, or mixes, together after the evacuation of water. the word dehydration, the primary thing that may come out is \'losing water\' or \'lacking water.\'.

Identify the following reaction Glucose + Fructose rightarrow Sucros.pdf

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identify the developmental genes that influence macroevolution Solution Developmental genes are the regulatory genes that regulate hundreds of genes of development and even a small genetic change in these genes leads to major structural changes in the organisms. These are the genes that distinguish one species from other species. These genes regulate the shape, pattern and type and location of organs of animal body. For ex: Hox genes serve to regulate the formation of particular regions of the body by encoding the related transcription factors and thereby regulate the fate of regions of body. Homeotic genes determine the future development of segments on the basis of the pattern of expression of the segmentation genes before them. Mutation in these genes leds to development of that segment to an adjacent segment, usually anterior to it. These genes are also called memory genes as they regulate developmental fate of a segment which is followed from one cell division to the next..

identify the developmental genes that influence macroevolutionSo.pdf

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