Meeting Scheduler Requirements Engineering

Meeting Scheduler Requirements Engineering
Meeting Scheduler Software Requirements Specification 1 Introduction This document specifies all
the requirements for the Meeting Scheduler software system that aimed to help people scheduler
their meetings. 1. Purpose The purpose of this document is to provide a software requirement
specification for the Meeting Scheduler software system by listing the system functional and non–
functional requirements. This document also presents non–functional requirements system
dependency, non–functional software goal analysis, requirements dependency matrix and business
continuity plan. 2. Scope This document is intended for providing a well–defined functional and
non–functional requirement specification. The scope of this document ... Show more content on
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The Meeting Scheduler shall be working with each web browser easily. 2.2 Product Functions The
Meeting Scheduler System is responsible for managing meetings between various potential meeting
attendees. It will determine the meeting time depending on the potential attendee's personal agenda.
The potential attendees will always be kept up to date when they are invited to a meeting, the
meeting information is changed and the meeting is cancelled. The Meeting Scheduler will be
responsible for allocating location, room and equipment requirements. The Meeting Scheduler will
allow meeting initiator and potential attendees to re–plan of a meeting. 2.3 User Characteristics The
target groups of the Meeting Scheduler System are: Non–expert users; thus, the system will provide
a very easy–to–use user interface. System users (in hierarchical order); system engineers,
administrator, initiator and non–expert users Frequency of use (in hierarchical order); administrator,
initiator, non–expert users and system engineers 2.4 General Constraints The system will be
designed by using PHP and HTML languages. The system will be merged with Joomla content
management application. The system will support any kind of platform that has a web browser. The
system will support concurrent user requests. The system will not allow multiple authentications.
Apache Tomcat will be used as database. 2.5 Assumptions and
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Essay on PA52017 Parvez SIM335 PM
Managing Project
Table of Contents
Introduction 3
Task 1: Different aspect of a Project 4
1.1 Core characteristics of a project: 4
1.2 Scope of the Project: 4
1.3 Critical Path Method and Gantt chart: 5
1.4 Cost appraisal method and its benefits: 6
1.5 Assessment and management risk: 6
1.6 Quality method used for successful completion of the project: 6
Task 2: Formal report on the project of ABEK Ltd: 7
2.1 Description of the project of ABEK Ltd: 7
2.2 Project lifecycle: 7
2.3 Breakdown of Project work: 9
2.4 Gantt chart: 9
2.5 Cost breakdown structure: 10
2.6 Network diagram: 10
2.6 Project management skills 11
2.8 Project manager leadership style: 11
2.9 Project Control Techniques: 12
Risk management: 12
Conclusion 13 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
IRR is one of the techniques (Lock, 2004). IRR is the rate at which the present value of the future
cash flow will be equal to the initial cash flow and the NPV of the project will be zero. A project
will be accepted if the cost of capital is lower than the IRR. Otherwise the project will be rejected.
IRR provides many benefits. It helps to compare the cost of capital with the rate of return that will
be earned on the project. It discounts the future cash flow and give correct decision in most of the
cases (Daft, 1997).
1.5 Assessment and management risk:
Management of risk means assessing the risk and taking steps to reduce that risk. In the project of
ABEK, I will use both qualitative and quantitative approach for assessing risk. In qualitative
approach, factors that may affect the project adversely will be considered. In the quantitative
method, I will use sensitivity, simulation, probabilistic analysis, influence diagram and decision tree

(Heerkens, 2002). Risk management techniques such as risk audit, risk reassessment, reserve
meeting, status analysis, and cost risk analysis and scheduled risk analysis techniques will be used.
1.6 Quality method used for successful completion of the project:
Controlling the quality of the project is very important for successful completion of the project. I
will adopt the following measures for ensuring the quality:
Producing realistic plan.
Using repeatable process.
Making effective team.
Using

The Management Programs Of A Computer
Introduction
Operating systems, ("OS") are the management programs of a computer. First it is booted into the
computer by a boot program, and then it manages all other programs on the computer. These other
programs are called applications, and they utilize an operating system by making requests for
process service power through an API, or application program interface. Users then interact directly
with an operating system through a graphical user interface or command language.
History The earliest computers lacked any form of operating system because they were simple
mainframes. The machines were primitive and programs were often entered into the system one bit
at a time, through many mechanical switches and plug boards. There were no operating systems
during the first phase of computer history––from 1940–1955. By the 1950s, punch cards were
introduced and made it so switches were not as necessary any more. The IBM 701, from General
Motors Research Laboratories, was the first system that implemented an operating system. The
systems generally ran one job at a time, which was indicated by whatever was on the punch card.
This is called single–stream batch processing. Computers were just exotic experimental equipment,
and mainly tested theory. The use plugboards would direct the computer. Without operating systems,
there is no overlap between computation, I/O, think time, and response time. The specific goal was
to handle tables of numbers. Libraries

Human Resource
Project Management, 2e (Pinto) Chapter 12 Resource Management 12.1 True/False 1) There is, for
almost all projects, usually a dominant constraint that serves as the final arbiter of project decisions.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Section: 12.1 The Basics of Resource Constraints Skill: Definition AACSB
Tag: Reflective 2) In a resource constrained project, the work must be finished by a certain time, or
date, as efficiently as possible. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Section: 12.1 The Basics of Resource
Constraints Skill: Definition AACSB Tag: Reflective 3) All that is needed to create a resource
loading calendar is the work breakdown structure and the activity network. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2
Section: 12.2 Resource ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Answer: Resource leveling (resource smoothing) Diff: 2 Section: 12.3 Resource Leveling Skill:
Definition AACSB Tag: Reflective 6) One heuristic for prioritizing resource allocation is to apply
resources to activities with the smallest __________, which proponents say results in the smallest
schedule slippage in the overall project. Answer: slack Diff: 2 Section: 12.3 Resource Leveling
Skill: Factual AACSB Tag: Reflective 7) As resource leveling proceeds, a(n) __________
commonly occurs when the resource schedule is reworked to eliminate sources of resource conflict.
Answer: ripple effect Diff: 2 Section: 12.3 Resource Leveling Skill: Conceptual AACSB Tag:
Reflective 8) __________ are used to display the amount of resources required as a function of time
on a graph. Answer: Resource loading charts Diff: 2 Section: 12.4 Resource Loading Charts Skill:
Definition AACSB Tag: Reflective 9) __________ an activity means interrupting the continuous
stream of work on an activity at some midpoint in its development process and applying that
resource to another activity for some time period before returning the resource to complete the
original task. Answer: Splitting Diff: 2 Section: 12.4 Resource Loading Charts Skill: Definition
AACSB Tag: Reflective 10) Schedule slippage often results in financial penalties, or __________,
for each day a

Analysis of the Available Four Scheduling Methods
Setup Times – Hi–Ho Yo–Yo, Inc. The purpose of this paper is to perform an analysis of the
available four scheduling methods and how they apply to Hi–Ho Yo–Yo's dilemma. This will
determine the best method to allow the company to meet the required deadlines for the increased
load of work for July The four methods are first come, first served (FCFS), shortest processing time
(SPT), earliest due date (EDD), and critical ratio (CR). According to Stevenson (2009, p. 746), the
FCFS method will required that the jobs be processed in the order they are received. The advantage
of this system is that no favoritism is shown to any incoming order, the order that arrives first, is
completed first. The disadvantage is that the flow time on average may be longer than the other
three methods (Disk Scheduling, 2012). Using FCFS, the first job to be run would be "A." A chart
representing the usage of FCFS for this example is shown below. Job Date Order Received Set–Up
Time (days) Production Time (days) Total Processing Time Flow Time Due Date Delays A 6/4 0.25
6 6.25 6.25 7/11 – B 6/7 0.50 2 2.50 8.75 7/8 0.75 C 6/12 0.25 8 8.25 17.00 7/25 – D 6/14 0.50 3
3.50 20.50 7/19 1.50 E 6/15 0.50 9 9.50 30.00 7/26 4.00 Total 30.00 82.50 6.25 Average completion
time 16.50 days Utilization 36.36% Average no. of jobs 2.75 Average job delays

Building A Bridge Over A River Gorge
Chapter 12 Discussion Questions Q.1– Consider a project to build a bridge over a river gorge. What
are some of the resource constraints that would make this project challenging? Ans: Resource
constraints would include money/budget constraints, specialized equipment, large material
requirements, and personnel constraints revolving around contractors, and highly–skilled
construction crew. A bridge is subject to many potential risks related to environment, technology
and physical construction. All put the project in jeopardy of overextending its budget which can
make monetary budgets and necessary reserves a central resource constraint. Due to the specialized
equipment and personnel required, scheduling these resources to arrive at appropriate times is
important. Equipment rentals and labor can be expensive, so it is important to schedule these
resources so that they arrive just in time for use, however this can be difficult to accurately predict.
It is also unlikely that the same personnel will be required throughout the project. One construction
team may be needed for pouring foundations, while another is hired to pave the driving surface.
Again, identifying, sequencing and scheduling these resources is vital to the project's on time
completion. Q.2 – For many projects, the key resources to be managed are the project team
personnel. Explain in what sense and how project team personnel are often the project critical
resource. Ans: Project teams are created to

Chapter 6 Study Guide
Chapter 6 Allocating Resources to the Project This chapter extends the previous one on scheduling
into the area of allocating resources among the activities of a project, or among multiple projects
competing for the same resources. The chapter begins with a discussion of expediting project
completion times and highlights that by selectively choosing which activities to crash and by how
much, we can determine the minimum cost for all possible project completion time. The use of
Excel's Solver optimization routine to facilitate this analysis is also presented. Next, the chapter
moves on to the topic of resource loading and in particular highlights the problems of over
scheduling resources. The topics of resource leveling and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
5. Explain why project–oriented firms require excess resource capacity. In project oriented firms
there is much more uncertainty about the timing of resource needs since the resources primarily
move between projects rather than moving between projects and a functional department. Therefore,
extra resource capacity is needed as a buffer given the greater level of uncertainty present. 6. The
arrival and departure times of commercial aircraft are carefully scheduled. Why, then, is it so
important to have excess capacity in the airport control tower? Although the arrival and departure
times may be carefully scheduled, we all know that actual arrivals and departures often deviate
significantly from these schedules. Therefore, a significant amount of uncertainty is present and
greatly complicates the ability of the airport control system to handle arrivals and departures. Indeed
unplanned events (e.g., weather delays, equipment malfunctions, late flight crews, and so on) often
cascade through the system further compounding the problem. Therefore, excess capacity in control
towers is needed as a buffer given this level of uncertainty. Clearly, the cost of not having this
capacity greatly exceeds the cost of some idle capacity. 7. Explain the difference in the problems
faced by a PM who is short of secretarial resources and one who is short of a "Walt." The PM that is
short of secretarial resources does not face

pinto pm2 tif ch12
Project Management, 2e (Pinto) Chapter 12 Resource Management 12.1 True/False 1) There is, for
almost all projects, usually a dominant constraint that serves as the final arbiter of project decisions.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Section: 12.1 The Basics of Resource Constraints Skill: Definition AACSB
Tag: Reflective 2) In a resource constrained project, the work must be finished by a certain time, or
date, as efficiently as possible. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Section: 12.1 The Basics of Resource
Constraints Skill: Definition AACSB Tag: Reflective 3) All that is needed to create a resource
loading calendar is the work breakdown structure and the activity network. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2
Section: 12.2 Resource Loading Skill: Factual ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Answer: slack Diff: 2 Section: 12.3 Resource Leveling Skill: Factual AACSB Tag: Reflective 7) As
resource leveling proceeds, a(n) __________ commonly occurs when the resource schedule is
reworked to eliminate sources of resource conflict. Answer: ripple effect Diff: 2 Section: 12.3
Resource Leveling Skill: Conceptual AACSB Tag: Reflective 8) __________ are used to display the
amount of resources required as a function of time on a graph. Answer: Resource loading charts
Diff: 2 Section: 12.4 Resource Loading Charts Skill: Definition AACSB Tag: Reflective 9)
__________ an activity means interrupting the continuous stream of work on an activity at some
midpoint in its development process and applying that resource to another activity for some time
period before returning the resource to complete the original task. Answer: Splitting Diff: 2 Section:
12.4 Resource Loading Charts Skill: Definition AACSB Tag: Reflective 10) Schedule slippage often
results in financial penalties, or __________, for each day a project is delayed past the contracted
delivery date. Answer: liquidated damages Diff: 2 Section: 12.5 Managing Resources in
Multiproject

Characteristics And Features Of Tiny OS
Introduction of Tiny OS Tiny OS is one of the free and open source operating system for Wireless
Sensor Network. Tiny OS is a component based operating system designed only for embedded
system application. It is an embedded operating system which uses nesC programming language.
The nesC programming language is very easy to learn because it already has some existing code.
Tiny OS was developed primary use for network of small sized sensor devices and mote
applications. [1] Characteristics and Features of Tiny OS In terms of real – time applications, Tiny
OS does not provide any support for it. This is because that Tiny OS implement its task in a FIFO
manner. So, Tiny OS is a poor choice for sensor networks that are being deployed to monitor ...
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As the OS control controls over all actions of computer so it is able to supply the detail or the
elements that is needed by software to run from the hardware interface. Then it is acts as a resource
manager as it is important component of a computer which controls all the components of the
computer system. When the hardware provides the basic computing resources, the application
program routine define the ways in which these resources are used to solve the computing problems
of the users and the operating system controls and coordinate the use of hardware among the various
application programs for the various users. It also handles storage management by controlling the
storage management. Either than that, it is enables user to perform various tasks such as creating
directories and files, copying and moving files, renaming files and deleting files. Then it keeps track
of the exact location of files o hard drive through specific type of file system. The system tools are
used to monitor computer performance, debug problems, or maintain parts of the system. A set of
libraries or functions which programs may use to perform specific tasks especially relating to
interfacing with computer system components. Despite that it provides a set of reusable system

Hi-Ho Yo-Yo, Inc
Running Head: HI–HO YO–YO INC.
Case Study: Hi–Ho Yo–Yo, Inc.
First Come First Serve (FCFS): This is a service policy that is based on attaining the customers or
clients, in order to their arrival or request. It means that, the one who comes earlier would be given
priority in the sequence of their arrival. FCFS discipline of service delivery does not take any other
parameter into consideration like quantity, monetary value of the order, etc. If we select this method
of delivery to our clients, we are bound to release the order in the sequence of date (Greasley, 2008).
Shortest Processing Time (SPT): This process of scheduling is used for completion of work within
the due date. This method emphasizes on processing with the job ... Show more content on
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We should adopt the policy of Backward Scheduling, while using this method, because the due date
is given in this case and we are supposed to plan our work schedule, such that we can meet the
commitments of due date.
Critical Ratio Method: As we know that Critical Ratio method prioritize the work as per their
significance, and take into consideration two critical factors, one when the work is required to be
completed to meet the deadline and the second factor is how much time is required to complete the
work. The use of this method for meeting the due date would lower the average work flow time,
compared to First Come and First Serve method and Due Date method, but higher when compared
to Shortest Processing Time. The average tardiness is lower than FMFS method and SPT method
but higher than Due Date method.
Recommendation
After the analysis of all the four methods and evaluating their pros and cons of using them, we can
find out that it would be wise to use Shortest Processing Time method. When we compare this
method to other three methods, for meeting the commitments of our clients regarding due date, we
can easily observe that this method is best suitable in present context. We have to deliver the order
of our clients within a relatively short span of time with respect to the flow of work. As this method
has the lowest average work flow time, although it has a bit higher average

Essay on sexual dysfunction
Instead of focusing on all that's wrong with your life, write down all the good things you have going
for you. The more you think about it, the more good things you'll find. Seek solace through these
good things in your life, and you'll soon stop feeling miserable and sad. Tell yourself that "this too
shall pass" – this is my favorite quote, and at the slightest hint of sadness or trouble, I tell myself
that this too shall pass and all will be well with my world again. I just need to ride out the storm and
wait for the calm to envelop me again. Realize that there are others who are in worse positions than
you are, and that you are better off than many people in the world. This makes your problems seem
trivial and you're shamed out of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
My initial reaction was that such a book was the last thing I wanted to write. As someone who has
suffered from depression since he was a teen, I was afraid that writing about that illness might well
sink me into a dark place from which it would be difficult to climb out. But only a few moments
after Cheryl asked, I found myself not only agreeing wholeheartedly to do it, but believing that this
may well be the very book I was meant to write. I'm not exactly sure when the first bout of
depression came. The earliest episode that comes to mind was soon after my adoptive father died,
when I was thirteen–years old. Charlie Stork died instantaneously when he crashed his 1965
Rambler station wagon into the concrete pillar of a railroad overpass. We were living in the small
town of Alpine,Texas, located somewhere between El Paso and San Antonio. I'm an only child and
my mother had gone to Mexico to care for her gravely–ill father. Charlie and I were living in a
dilapidated house in the poorest section of town. Our trailer had been repossessed a couple of
months earlier for failure to make the monthly payments. Photo courtesy of rellim (flickr.com) As
hard at the grief of losing my father was, it was still better than the debilitating depression that came
a few months after his death. I was living at that time with Father Martinez, a priest and old family
friend. (My mother had to return to Mexico to care for my grandfather.)

Pinto Pm2 Ism Ch12
INSTRUCTOR'S RESOURCE MANUAL CHAPTER TWELVE Resource Management To
Accompany PROJECT MANAGEMENT: Achieving Competitive Advantage By Jeffrey K. Pinto
CHAPTER 12 PROJECT PROFILE – The Road to "Green:" Converting a Power Plant
INTRODUCTION 12.1 The Nature of Resource Constraints on Projects 12.2 Resource Loading
12.3 Constrained Projects 12.4 Resource Leveling Projects Step One: Develop Resource Loading
Table Step Two: Determine Activity Late Finish Dates Step Three: Identify Resource Overallocation
Step Four: Resource Level the Loading Table Splitting Activities Optimization Models 12.5
Managing Resources in Multi–Project Environments Resolving Resource Allocation Decisions in
Multi–project Environments Summary ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
12.10 SAMPLE RESOURCE LOADING CHART DISCUSSION QUESTIONS 1) Consider a
project to build a bridge over a river gorge. What are some of the resource constraints that would
make this project challenging? Resource constraints would include money/budget constraints,
specialized equipment, large material requirements, and personnel constraints revolving around
contractors, and highly–skilled construction crew. A bridge is subject to many potential risks related
to environment, technology and physical construction. All put the project in jeopardy of
overextending its budget which can make monetary budgets and necessary reserves a central
resource constraint. Due to the specialized equipment and personnel required, scheduling these
resources to arrive at appropriate times is important. Equipment rentals and labor can be expensive,

Planning And Scheduling Construction For Decades
Critical Path Method has been extensively utilised for planning and scheduling construction for
decades. As mentioned earlier, the study conducted by Tavakoli and Riachi (1990) results from
responding industries has shown overwhelming satisfaction of using the CPM technique for
planning and scheduling projects. The first steps in building the CPM technique is the activity list.
Activity is defined as task that consumes time and other resources (******) and contributes to the
completion of the project. This activity may further be broken down into components depending on
the size of the project. Example of activity is ****** Activity is shown by arrow to a node (figure
1).. The next is sequencing, organising and scheduling these activities according to priorities. A key
factor in developing a realistic schedule is to embrace the right activities, weigh up the logical
uniqueness of each project and use engineering judgment. In most cases, it is not necessary to
include every bid item in the schedule. A construction schedule will establish the number of days
needed to complete the project including production rates, equipment To obtain clarity in project
scheduling experienced input is required in: interdependencies of tasks, their duration, other
sensitivities (weather, location factors) logistics of material procurement, storage, construction
equipment, HR resource, sourcing and up skilling and safety training, transport logistics, types,
quantities, resource size and

Designing The Efficient Scheduling Methods For Real Time...
Abstract In this research we are presenting the problem of designing the efficient scheduling
methods for real time systems. The real time scheduling problem is nothing but the scheduling
problem in which QoS requirements should be satisfied along with task scheduling. The main
objective of scheduling problem is designing the time and QoS efficient scheduling algorithm to
schedule tasks optimally those are waiting to be served. We presented the literature study on
different existing scheduling policies with its limitations. Therefore in this research, we are
presenting new Dynamic Multilevel Priority (DMP) method of scheduling policy for RTS. As the
name indicates, this method works dynamically and as per the requirement of task scheduling. DMP
algorithm is designed with three different queues of tasks/demands scheduling based on nature of
tasks. In first queue, security/urgency related demands should be proceed with highest priority, in
second queue with second highest priority, regular demands should be proceed, while last queue is
used to serve local non real time demands. In first queue, real time packets processed with highest
priority. Thus this scheduling policy does not hold any demand for longer waiting period and hence
improves the overall QoS performance of RTSs. The practical evaluation of proposed methodology
is done by using UPPAAL tool. We have considered train gate example for evaluation of proposed
scheduling policy. Keyword: Real Time

Project Scheduling Software : Tutorial
Project Scheduling Software – Tutorial This assignment will make use of ProjectLibre, an
opensource and free alternative to Microsoft Project. If you have Microsoft Project available you are
free to use this instead. Both Microsoft Project and ProjectLibre have the same nomenclature, but
quite different user interfaces. This tutorial will assume you are using ProjectLibre. Download and
Installation of ProjectLibre You can download ProjectLibre through the site:
http://www.projectlibre.org/ (once you click download you will be re–directed to SourceForge,
where you can complete the download). Once downloaded, run the installation file and open the
software. Select 'Create project'. For Project name use XXX, For project manager use your
matriculation number followed by your last name. The start date for the project will be the 7th of
December 2015. ProjectLibre uses the most common date format of DD/MM/YY, so in this case we
will use 07/12/15 for the project start date. Click 'OK' and the following window should appear. The
left hand side of the screen is where we can enter the various tasks that make up the project, while
the right hand side is where the corresponding Gantt chart is displayed. A Gantt chart is a type of bar
graph which represents a project schedule. As you complete this tutorial assignment, you will be
required to save the project at different stages, it is best to save each update with a different name to
ensure you are able to go back in case of unforeseen

Research Paper On Queueing Theory
Queueing Theory and Adaptive Scheduling Algorithm for Real–Time Operating System Abstract–
Queueing theory is the mathematical study of waiting lines, or queues. In queueing theory a model
is constructed so that queue lengths and waiting time can be predicted. Queueing theory is generally
considered a branch of operations research because the results are often used when making business
decisions about the resources needed to provide a service. EDF (Earliest Deadline First) has been
proved to be optimal scheduling algorithm for single processor realtime operating systems when the
systems are preemptive and underloaded. The limitation of this algorithm is, its performance
decreases exponentially when system becomes slightly overloaded. ACO ... Show more content on
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Operating systems may feature up to three distinct scheduler types: a long–term scheduler (also
known as an admission scheduler or high–level scheduler), a mid–term or medium–term scheduler,
and a short–term scheduler. The names suggest the relative frequency with which their functions are
performed.
Process scheduler
The process scheduler is a part of the operating system that decides which process runs at a certain
point in time. It usually has the ability to pause a running process, move it to the back of the running
queue and start a new process; such a scheduler is known as preemptive scheduler, otherwise it is a
cooperative scheduler.
Long–term scheduling
The long–term scheduler, or admission scheduler, decides which jobs or processes are to be
admitted to the ready queue (in main memory); that is, when an attempt is made to execute a
program, its admission to the set of currently executing processes is either authorized or delayed by
the long–term scheduler. Thus, this scheduler dictates what processes are to run on a system, and the
degree of concurrency to be supported at any one time – whether many or few processes are to be
executed concurrently, and how the split between I/O–intensive and CPU–intensive processes is to
be handled. The long–term scheduler is responsible for controlling the degree of

The Importance of Logistics Management
Logistics Management
In the Second World War logistics also played an integral role. The allied forces' invasion of Europe
was a highly skilled exercise in logistics, However while the Generals and Field Marshals from the
earliest times have understood the critical of logistics, strangely it is only in the recent history that
business organizations have come to recognize the vital impact that logistics management can play
in gaining a competitive advantage (Christopher 1992).
However, we must ask ourselves what is logistics management in the sense that is understood
today? There are multiple ways of defining logistics however, the underlying concept might be
defined as follows:
Logistics is the process of strategically managing the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Christopher 1992). Each of these steps in the chain will consume time, because of bottlenecks,
inefficient processes, and fluctuations in the volume of orders handled there will often be
considerable variation of the time taken for these variation activities to be completed which can
therefore result in a substantial reduction in the reliability of the delivery (Christopher 1992).
2.2.3 Logistics Activities
Logistics is a collection of working activities that are repeated many times through–out the channel
through which raw materials are converted into finished products and value is added in the eyes of
consumers (Ballou 1998). Since raw material sources, plants and selling point are not typically
located at the same places and the channel represents a sequence of manufacturing steps, logistics
activities occur many times before a product arrives in the marketplace.
Figure 2.3.3 Typical Activities in a Firm's Immediate Supply Chain Source: Ballou, R. H., Business
Logistics Importance and Some Research Opportunities, Journal of Logistics Management, Vol.4,

Fice Of Government Commerce
Part 2
Project: The Office of Government Commerce (2010), states that a project is "a unique set of
coordinated activities, with definite starting and finishing points, undertaken by an individual or
team to meet specific objectives within defined time, cost and performance parameters." The main
characteristics of a project are:
It is distinctive
is a tool of variation,
has start and end date
Project Management: Project management is the inspiration of all the aspects involved in it to reach
the goals on time and to the stated cost, quality and performance. Project management has five
processes which are used by almost all the Project Management Methodologies (Kerzner 2013).
Initiation: It is the selection of the best ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are various project management methodologies which can be used and that combines an
approach with a set of project tools and guidelines. Some of them are made by software companies
and consulting firms while others still use the public domain. The methodologies differ in rule and
complexity. But almost all of them are built using the same principle. The project management
methodology choice is less significant than the way it is used. The success of a project depends
substantially on the skills and commitment of the people running it (Scottish Qualifications
Authority 2007).
There are different kinds of methodologies used for Project Management. Some of the Project
Management used nowadays are
Adaptive Software Development (ASD)
Critical Path Method (CPM)
Feature Driven Development (FDD)
PRojects IN Controlled Environments (PRINCE2)
Project Cycle Management (PCM)
Rapid Application Development (RAD)
Small Project Management (SPM)
There is no best methodology that works for all business ideas, types and industries. There are ways

to decide which methodology is feasible and how to successfully apply it. While using
methodologies, some factors like organizational strategic goals and values, key

Personal Narrative Analysis
By the time I reached Kindergarten and started my middle childhood years I already possessed
several gross and fine motor skills. A few of these gross motor skills which I possessed were the
ability to catch a ball, climb a flight of stairs without help, and the ability to stand on one foot for a
given amount of time. A few of my fine motor skills were the ability to draw shapes, cut on a
straight line, and to color within the designated lines. Upon entering Kindergarten I had an accident
where I cut off the tip of my right index finger. I had to keep my finger bandaged for the first nine
weeks of Kindergarten therefore it delayed a few of my fine motor skills. By the end of
Kindergarten and the beginning of my 1st grade year I learned fine ... Show more content on
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I don't remember this event because I was little. The whole basis of this memory is dependent on
stories which I were told by my mom and grandmother. The earliest memory which I actually
remember in detail was chopping the tip of my right index finger when I was five years old. I was
helping my brothers work on our go–kart when I dropped my end. When I dropped my end it sliced
the tip of my index finger off because it got caught between the go–kart and the board underneath. I
remember how the doctor said he was going to give me two shots in my hand, but I saw the doctor
sneak in that third shot. Also I remember the healing process of chopping the tip of my finger off.
My dad and I spent many hours in the bathroom soaking and unwrapping the bandages on my
finger. I had to do different phonemic skills such as "A stands for Apple, B stands for Banana" and
so on. This memory may have been aided from different interpretations of the event, but due to all
the details I recall I believe that this was the most original memory I

Critical Path Method ( Cpm ) Technique
CRITICAL PATH METHOD (CPM) TECHNIQUE
Critical Path Method has been extensively used for planning and scheduling construction work for
decades. As mentioned earlier, the study conducted by Tavakoli and Riachi (1990) results from
responding industries has shown overwhelming satisfaction of using the CPM technique for
planning and scheduling projects.
The first steps in building the CPM technique is the activity list. Activity is defined as a task that
consumes time and other resources for completing a project. For example, design and construct a
podium is an activity, which may further be broken down into smaller manageable components such
as drawing, sail types, podium type and paving depending on the size of the project. Example of an
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A construction schedule will establish the number of days needed to complete the project including
production rates, equipment. To obtain clarity in project scheduling experienced input is required in:
interdependencies of tasks, their duration, other sensitivities (weather, location factors) logistics of
material procurement, storage, construction equipment, HR resources, sourcing and up skilling and
safety training, transport logistics, types, quantities, resource size and administrative procedures
such as approval of drawing layout. The critical path method (CPM) is a scheduling technique
determined by duration. The primary inputs are the project activities, their estimated durations, and
reliance relationships. Activity durations are functions of the resources required for implementing
each activity. The more established CPM technique is very suitable for certain type of projects for
factoring–in risks associated with activities such as for example, those involving long lead–time and
specifically designed and built heavy equipment and its site delivery logistics. CPM method gives
an insight into risk management and thereby enabling better planning for contingencies. As an
illustration of this class of projects – from Authors' experience, large design, construct and install
power projects requiring equipment such as transformers, generators, overhead cranes requires
highly specialised expertise from manufacturers, which adds to the

Basic Parameters That Affect The Performance
7. Basic Parameters That Affect The Performance in RTOS
7.1 Multi–tasking and preemptable:
In RTOS the system have to be multitasking and preemptable because those two features make the
RTOS Scheduler end any lower priority task to execute the higher ones or to release some resources
for other tasks that urgently need those resources. Also the system have to handle different level of
priorities of interrupts.(Yerraballi,R. 2000)
7.2 Dynamic deadline identification:
In some scheduling algorithms such as (EDF)the deadline is converted to priority levels. Then we
can control priorities by controlling the deadlines."Although such an approach is error prone,
nonetheless it is employed for lack of a better solution"(Buttazzo, 2005).
7.3 Predictable synchronization:
The threads of the system need to communication and to be synchronized in a timely efficient and
predictable way.
7.4 Sufficient Priority Levels:
In the scheduling algorithms based on priorities. There must be enough levels of priorities. Priority
inversion occur when a low level priority hold the resource that the the high level priority is waiting
for or blocked due to this resource, and the lower priority is delayed because low priority task. "Two
workarounds in dealing with priority inversion, namely priority inheritance and priority ceiling
protocols (PCP), need sufficient priority levels."
7.5 Predefined latencies:
The timing of the systems must be predictable and this is done by defining task switching

Essay On Machine Scheduling
Description Of Machine Scheduling
1–1 Definition Of The Scheduling Problem Scheduling is the process of assigning limited resources
to a set of jobs over a period of time. The resources may be machine in a workshop, runways at an
airport and crews at a construction site, as well as processing units in a computing environment. The
jobs may be operation in the production process, take–offs and landing at an airport, stages in a
construction project, executions of computer programs[30]. The goal of scheduling is to assign
resources to the jobs such that one or more objective are optimized. Scheduling becomes an
important concern when resources are limited and need to be utilized to complete many competing
jobs efficiently. Many real world scheduling problem are multi–objective by nature. Traditionally,
the most common approach has been to combine the multiple objective into a single scalar value by
using weighted aggregating ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
An example of such a dimension is the number of the available machine and the way how these
machines are organized. Then one machine sequencing problem is the simplest one: all jobs have to
be processed on single machine and no two jobs can be processed simultaneously. There are four
classes of job shop scheduling problems [30]
1.2.1 Single Machine Scheduling
The single machine scheduling problem involves scheduling a set of jobs to a single resource. This
is accomplished by determining a sequence that includes each job, and it assigns the jobs to its
source. Each job can give a priority, ready time, processing time, and due date. The value of the
performance measure can be computed on the base of this information and the sequence of jobs.
This problem grows in complicity at an exponential rate as the number of jobs to be scheduling

Web Development
S E T T I N G T H E S TA G E
Planning a Web Development Project
Presented by: Kelly Goto kelly@gotomedia.com kgoto@aol.com (415) 957–7701 session url
www.gotomedia.com/atlanta00/stage
Cool cover illustration by Eunice Moyle
SESSION OUTLINE
1.0
The Project: Introduction
2.0
Before You Start: The Client
3.0
The Proposal: The Development Process
4.0
Estimating: Time and Resources 4.1 4.2 The Budget: Estimating by Hours The Budget: Estimating
by Task
5.0
Creative Brief: Defining Scope
6.0
Competitive Analysis: Informal Research

7.0
Forms & Worksheets: Blank Forms to Use
8.0
The Proposal: Detailed Overview 8.1 8.2 8.3 Proposal Format: Informal Letter Proposal Format:
Detailed Plan ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
MESSAGE PERCEPTION ACTION TECHNOLOGY MARKETING ADMINISTRATIVE You
will get initial thoughts and feedback from the client regarding style and tone, competitive sites and
audience.
Screening Your Project and Client Avoiding a bad situation is much easier if you do the legwork up
front to make sure you are making good choices with the projects you take on. Identifying the scope
and goals of the project will enable you to make a good decision and see if a project is a 'fit' for you
and/or your team. One of the most important factors to consider with a new project is the person you
will be working with to supply you direction, information, content and approvals. This can be an
internal or external client. It is best to have one contact who is responsible for final sign–off and
approval. This will help eliminate confusion and communication breakdown.
©1999 Gotomedia, All Rights Reserved
2
2.0
B E F O R E Y O U S TA R T: T h e C l i e n t
THE GOOD CLIENT
Working with an understanding and responsive client helps to make the development process a
positive one. Having realistic expectations and an understanding of the process is a bonus. A good
client understands the overall picture and works with you as a team player to make the Web site a
success.
THE BAD CLIENT
GOOD CLIENT
RED FLAG CLIENT
A good client has some of the following attributes: t Is goal oriented: focused

Chapter 15 Questions
1. Scheduling involves the timing of operations to achieve the efficient movement of units through a
system. The overall objective of scheduling is faster movement of goods and services through a
facility, better customer service and dependable delivery.
2. The four criteria for determining the effectiveness of a scheduling decision are
Minimize completion time
Maximize utilization
Minimize work in process
Minimize customer waiting time
3. Loading means the assignment of jobs to work or procession centers. Operations managers assign
jobs to work centers so that costs, idle time, or completion times are kept to a minimum. Loading
work centers takes two forms. One is oriented to capacity; the second is related to assignment ...
6. What is a due date?
A due date is one of the four most popular priority rules, meaning that the job with the earliest due
date is selected first. The example shown indicates that this method is most effective in category 'd'
which is the average job lateness measurement.
7. Explain the terms flow time and lateness?
Flow time is the period required to complete a specific job or a defined amount of work. The flow
time measures the time each job spends waiting plus the time it takes to be processed. Lateness
refers to coming, occurring, or remaining after the correct, usual, or expected time; delayed
8. Which shop–floor scheduling rule would you prefer to apply if you were the leader of the only
team of experts charged with defusing several time bombs scattered throughout your building? You
can see the bombs; they are of different types. You can tell how long each one will take to defuse.
Given this situation I would most definitely use a shop–floor scheduling rule that caters to the major
issues facing this situation. The fact we can see the bombs but they are of different variety plays a
major factor. We are also faced with a timeline to work with which will determine what scheduling
rule is selected. EDD would be select for several reasons; this would prioritize what bombs need to

be defused first. From there, workers can be assigned to getting that work done. Completion time is
relatively low with high

Air Asia Marketing Plan
AirAsia BERHAD MARKETING PLAN No. CONTENTS PAGE 1.0 Executive Summary 1–2 2.0
Introduction 3 2.1 Background and History of AirAsia 3–4 2.2 Vision Statement 5 2.3 Mission
Statement 5 2.4 Objectives 5 3.0 Environmental Analysis 6 3.1 PESTEL Analysis 6 3.1.1 Political
Factors 7–8 3.1.2 Economic Factors 8–9 3.1.3 Social Factors 9–11 3.1.4 Technological Factors 11
3.1.5 Environmental Factors 11–12 3.2 PORTER's 5 Forces Model Analysis 12 3.2.1 Threats of
New Entrants 12–13 3.2.2 Threats of Substitute 13–14 3.2.3 Bargaining Power of Buyers 14–15
3.2.4 Bargaining Power of Supplier 15 3.2.5 Competitive Rivalry 16 4.0 SWOT Analysis 17–18 4.1
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It covers over 61 domestic and international destinations with 108 routes, with over 400 flights on
daily bases within their subsidiary companies located in Thailand and Indonesia. AirAsia has hub in
Suvarnabhumi Airport and at Soekarno–Hatta International Airport in Indonesia. (Cary Wong Pui
Man, 2009) AirAsia's philosophy "Now Everyone Can Fly" is related to their vision of becoming the
largest low fare airliner in Asia and serving 3 billion customers who are underserved with poor
connectivity and high fares. Their mission is to become the best company to work for; thus
employees are being treated as part of a big family, to create a globally recognized ASEAN brand,
to offer the lowest fare so that everyone can fly with AirAsia, to maintain the highest quality
product, and innovative technology as a measure to reduce cost and enhance service. AirAsia have
won various awards and recognitions. Some of the awards include the recent Airline of the Year by
Centre Asia Pacific Aviation (CAPA), Best Asia Low–Cost Carrier by TTG Travel Awards 2009, and
World's Best Low–Cost Airline by Skytrax in 2009 and 2010. It also won The Budgie World Low
Cost Airlines Asia Pacific's Best Marketing Campaign of the Year 2010. (Benneth, Kueh, Teng,
2011) 2.1 VISION To be the largest low cost airline in Asia and serving the 3 billion people who are
currently underserved with poor connectivity and high fares. 2.2 MISSIONS To be the best

Designing An Airbag System For A Car
example designing an airbag system for a car. In this case, a small error in designing timing
constraints (causing the airbag to Published in the very early or very late) can be disastrous and
cause injury. RTSs are amongst the most challenging systems to analyses. This is mainly because
the correctness Real–time systems based on the actual time at which events occur. Moreover, These
systems include the number of concurrent interactions of components that have a high level of
complexity. These interactions may lead to many hidden cases or undesirable if it is not carefully
considered. Thus, real–time systems need to be accurately modeled and verified in order to have
confidence in the validity with respect to the desired properties. One of the known formal
verification techniques that can be used to validate the systems is UPPAAL "model checking
technique"[3.4]. Have shown real–time scheduling theory the transition from the infrastructure on
the basis of periodic Executive model scheduling more flexible scheduling, such as fixed priority,
scheduling vital priorities, scheduling notes or scheduling extended [5]. There is a conflict between
two or more tasks when demand exceeds one at a time in order to kind of resources the availability
of this resource. And scheduling has to resolve such disputes before deciding on any of the
competing tasks to give a first resource and tasks that will have to wait until resources are freed,
Different schedule leads naturally to

Review Of System Properties And Type Of Tasks
Review of System Properties/Type of Tasks
2.3.1 Soft/Hard real–time tasks The real–time tasks are classified as hard and soft real–time tasks.
2.3.2 Periodic/Aperiodic/Sporadic tasks It is activated tasks in real–time periodic (release) regularly
fixed rates (periods). The majority of sensory processing is cyclical in nature. For example, the radar
that tracks flights produce data at a constant rate [4, 1.7, and 3]. Is activated aperiodic tasks in real–
time is a regular at some unknown rate and perhaps indefinitely. . The bounded rate is characterized
by a minimum inter–arrival period; that is, a minimum interval of time between two successive
activations. The time constraint is usually a deadline [4, 1, 7, and 3].
2.3.3 Preemptive/Non–preemptive tasks
In some algorithms, real–time scheduling, a task that can be preempted if other higher priority task
becomes ready. On the other hand, must be the completion of the task is a preemptive without
interruption once it is started [4.1, 2, 3].
2.3.4 Independent/Dependent tasks Given the real–time system, a task that will begin
implementation may require access to information provided by another task of the system.
Therefore, you must begin to perform a task after the completion of the implementation of the other
task. This is the concept of subsidiarity. Tasks that rely shared memory usage or communication
data for the transfer of information generated for a single task, and required by the other. While

A Short Note On Risk Management Project Management
Risk in project management is the probability that project occasions won't happen as organized or
that unconstrained events will happen that will adversely influence the project. Risk management is
not completely wiping out risks, however, it offers the most obvious opportunity to effectively
achieve your project goals, irrespective of the instabilities of an evolving situation. In order to
recognize the risks incorporated into project management I analyzed a number of research articles
and industry white papers appropriated over the span of recent years. In this report I focus on the
subject "Risks in Project Management". In exhibiting the avocation on risks in project management
I address several related issues. Firstly, I briefly ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A risk variable is a circumstance that may offer ascent to one or more project risks. A risk variable
itself doesn 't make you miss an item, timetable, or asset target. In any case, it builds the odds that
something may happen that will make you miss one. Utilize your project stages and also your
general project plan to help you distinguish risk elements (Wiley, 2016). To oversee projects
successfully as a Project Manager, you should have the capacity to perceive and oversee risk. In any
case, project risk is more prominent in the following ways:
 The longer your project lingers
 The longer the time is between setting up your project plan and beginning the work
 The longer the time is between setting up your project plan and beginning the work
 The less experience you, your associates, or your colleagues have with comparable projects
 The fresher your project 's innovation is
Anything that can bring about the project manager missing the deadline for a project is viewed or
referred to as a risk.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF RISKS THAT A PROJECT MANAGER HAS TO CONTEND WITH
As a project manager it is good to know what sort of risks exist so you can plan ahead. You need to
know how to converse with other project colleagues about risks and even settle on choices about
which risks you will attempt to oversee.

Project Risk Management
Project Risk Management | M3N313401–12–B | Group report Jenna McCall : S1O21235 Adelle
Kelly : S1023858 Angela Mitchell : S1034517 Luciano Farias : S1306729 Iaponaira de Abreu :
S1306726 | | |
5103 words
Contents
1. Introduction 2.1 Executive summary 2. Case study
3. What is project management ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to The BBC (2004), in the initial planning stages the predicted £40 million was set aside
by the government to fund the project. This amount remained fixed until additional uncontrolled
construction costs resulted in the project cost to increase to £109 million in June 1999 to a total cost
of £414.4 million which in turn resulted in a 20 month delay to the initial schedule.
The BBC (2004) also suggested that the main cause of the delay in the project finalisation was due
to the "production of detailed designed variations and the late supply of information during the
construction process". The deadlines which the project manager provided for the construction of the
parliament building were very tight. The BBC (2004) argues that these deadlines did not reflect the
complexity of the building which resulted in both architects and trade contractors failing to deliver
critical foundations of the project therefore meaning the project timescale overrun. The project
manager failed to realise the unlikelihood of the targets set being achievable and therefore failed to
alter the timeline to reflect this.
Also the project manager should have completed steps which would allow the realisation of the key
problems which were in turn causing the negative effect on the project's performance in both cost
and time. The project manager should have never

Essay about Project Motorcycles Assinghent 1
BUS 375: Project Management
Assignment 1 Project Motorcycles
by
Dorinda Greenfield
Instructor: Pamela Payne
Strayer University
Select one (1) of the types of project organization that would suit the development of the larger
touring class motorcycles. Outline the process steps that your company would take in order to
develop the motorcycles. Provide a rationale for the response. The things to consider when selecting
a project organization are: project length, project size, and project location, experience with project
management organization, philosophy and visibility of upper–level management, available
resources, and unique aspects of the project. In this case study, the matrix organization would be the
best ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For the production of medium size engines, the company must work as it always has. Part of the
money made on the sale of those engines will be used to purchase more parts in order to keep
producing the medium size motors. The company has to use a good "chunk" of the research and
development budget for the long–term project. In order to keep cost low for both the production of
the existing product and the implementation of the new project, the company will need skilled
employees. Performance has a great impact on the success of any project. Performance is the result
of ethics, knowledge, skills, sense of responsibility, and being project driven. A good performing
team is a group of people that know what they have to do. They are trained and ready for the task.
Each person on the team understands his or her responsibilities, so they know their boundaries. They
stay focused on the project with or without supervision whether they work on in a group or alone.
Their skills and the fact of being project driven will help save time and cost. Therefore, the crucial
resources that are needed are human capital and finances. Suggest the project management
leadership style that is most conductive to overseeing the operation of the business growth plan.
There are six or more different leadership styles such as authoritarian, coercive, democratic,
pacesetter, etc. Authoritarian

A Critique of the Critical Chain Approach to Project...
Course in Operations Management
ASSIGNMENT 1: "A CRITIQUE OF THE CRITICAL CHAIN APPROACH TO PROJECT
MANAGEMENT"
3,000 words excluding reference list and summary
for Dr. Tom Mullen
Anthony C Mould October 2003
Reprinted with the kind permission of Anthony C Moulds. This essay should be viewed as an
example of a well written, structured, referenced and argued assignment. It has been issued to MBA
students on commencement of their studies, prior to submission of their first assignment.
1
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This report reviews the Critical Chain approach to project management as proposed by Dr Eliyahu
Goldratt (1997). The approach is based on the Theory of Constraints (TOC).
The report finds the following: ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
More recent examples include the Millennium Dome fiasco and the ongoing Scottish Parliament,
and Wembley Stadium projects.
These failures call into question the efficiency of conventional project management approaches such
as the Critical Path Method (CPM) and the Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT).
Both techniques, developed almost simultaneously in the second half of the 1950s by the Du Pont
Corporation and the US Navy respectively, offered tremendous benefits in terms of time and cost
reductions and as a result were widely implemented across many industrial sectors (Morris 1994
p32). Unfortunately, for many, the complexities of contemporary projects can no longer be reliably
managed by traditional approaches.
The application of the Theory of Constraints (TOC) to project management is providing a viable and
innovative alternative for the scheduling of projects. Indeed, the conceptually simple approach has
highlighted some problematic aspects and issues that are inherent to traditional techniques. It is to

such limitations that this paper now turns.
5
2.2
LIMITATIONS OF CONVENTIONAL APPROACHES
Human Behaviour and the Creation of Safety Time
Traditionally, 'project human resource management' was viewed as a field of study quite distinct
from the tools and techniques of 'project time management', under which the approaches of CPM
and PERT were devised. In Critical

Project Management: Bechtel
QUIZ 2 IN MGT05: OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT PROJECT MANAGEMENT 1) Which of
the following statements regarding Bechtel is true? A) Its competitive advantage is project
management. B) Bechtel was the construction contractor for the Hoover Dam. C) While helping to
rebuild Iraq, Bechtel's crews had to travel under armed escort. D) Bechtel's procurement program is
global in nature. E) All of the above are true. 2) Which of the following statements about Bechtel is
true? A) Even though Bechtel is over 100 years old, the Kuwaiti oil fields was its first "project." B)
Bechtel is the world's premier manager of massive construction and engineering projects. C)
Bechtel's competitive advantage is supply–chain management. D) While its projects are ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
B) There are four paths in this network. C) There are five paths in this network. D) There are 25
paths through this network. E) None of these statements is true. 23) Activity D on a CPM network
has predecessors B and C, and has successor F. D has duration 6. B's earliest finish is 18, while C's
is 20. F's late start is 26. Which of the following is definitely true? A) B is a critical activity. B) C is
completed before B. C) D has no slack but is not critical. D) D is critical and has zero slack. E) F is
critical and has zero slack. 24) Which of the following statements regarding CPM networks is true?
A) There can be multiple critical paths on the same project, all with different durations. B) The early
finish of an activity is the latest early start of all preceding activities. C) The late start of an activity
is its late finish plus its duration. D) If a specific project has multiple critical paths, all of them will
have the same duration. E) All of the above are false. 25) Activity R on a CPM network has
predecessors M and N, and has successor S. R has duration 5. N's late finish is 18, while M's is 20.
S's late start is 14. Which of the following is definitely true? A) R is critical and has zero slack. B) R
has no slack but is not critical. C) The set of given times cannot all be possible. D) N is a critical
activity. E) S is a critical activity. 26) Which of the following statements concerning CPM activities
is false? A) The

Brs Mdm3 Tif Ch07
Managerial Decision Modeling w/ Spreadsheets, 3e (Balakrishnan/Render/Stair) Chapter 7 Project
Management 7.1 Chapter Questions Use this information to answer the following questions.
Consider the following Activity–On–Node (AON) project (activity completion times are in days). 1)
Refer to the figure. What is the critical path? A) ABDF B) ABEF C) ACDF D) ACEF E) none of the
above Answer: D Page Ref: 280 Topic: Determining the Project Schedule Difficulty: Easy 2) Refer
to the figure. How long will take to complete the project? A) 15 days B) 14 days C) 13 days D) 12
days E) 11 days Answer: A Page Ref: 280 Topic: Determining the Project Schedule Difficulty: Easy
AACSB: Analytic Skills 3) Refer to the figure. What is the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
A) 19.45 days B) 19 days C) 18 days D) 20.56 days E) 18.54 days Answer: D Page Ref: 287 Topic:
Variability in Activity Times Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Analytic Skills 16) Which of the
following statements about the project budgeting process is TRUE? A) The weekly budget is formed
by only using the early start times of each activity. B) The weekly budget is formed by only using
the late start times of each activity. C) The weekly budget is formed by only using the early start
time of each activity on the critical path. D) The weekly budget is formed by using both the early
start and finish times of each activity on the critical path. E) The weekly budget is formed by using
both the early start and finish times of each activity. Answer: E Page Ref: 287 Topic: Managing
Project Costs and Other Resources Difficulty: Moderate 17) A graph that plots the total resources
needed per period vs. time is called a(n) ________. A) Gantt Chart B) Resource Loading Chart C)
Work Breakdown Structure D) Project Network Chart E) PERT/CPM Chart Answer: B Page Ref:
291 Topic: Managing Project Costs and Other Resources Difficulty: Easy 18) Activity A has a
standard cost of $500 and the standard time to complete Activity A is 5 weeks. The crash time for
Activity A is 3 weeks and the crash cost is $600. What is the crash cost per week for Activity A? A)
$50 B) $100 C) $150 D) $200 E) $300 Answer: A Page Ref: 293 Topic: Project Crashing

The Essentials of Project Management
Nature release
THE ESSENTIALS OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT
SECOND EDITION
The Essentials of Project Management
Second Edition
Dennis Lock
Gower
O Dennis Lock 2001
A l rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, l stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or
otherwise without the permission of the publisher.
First published 1996 This edition published by Gower Publishing Limited Gower House Croft Road
Aldershot Hampshire G u l l 3HR England Gower Publishing Company 131 Main Street Burlington
VT 05401–5600 USA
Dennis Lock has asserted his right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 to be
identified as the author ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
ing quality and progress –Vendors ' documents Shipping, port and customs formalities
10 Cost management 183 A checklist of cost management factors – Cost budgets Purchased
materials, equipment and servicesMilestone analysis– A simple performance analysis method for
design engineering – An outline of earned value analysis– Effect of modifications on earned value
analysis– The project ledger concept – Predicting profitability for a project – Post–mortem 11
Changes 209 Classification of changes – Authorizationarrangements –Registrationand progressing –
Formal procedures for external change requests– Formal procedure for internal change requests–
Design freeze– The interchangeability rule – Emergency modifications
12 Managing progress Project progressingas a closed loop control system Progress monitoring and
schedule updating – When the news is bad – Corrective measures – Progress meetings – Project
progress reports – Project closure 225

Select bibliography Index
List of figures
The essential processesof project management The process of project definition Part of a project
definition checklist A functional matrix for a single project i a n manufacturingcompany Matrix
organization for several simultaneous projects in a manufacturingcompany Matrix organization for a
company engineering petrochemical, mining or large construction projects Project team
organization Project team versus balanced matrix A hybrid organization A project with more than
one project manager

The Operating System Linux
3. Linux
3.1 Introduction:
The operating system Linux is an open source version of UNIX [6]. In 1992 [8] Linus Torvalds,
who was a computer science student –at the University of Helsinki– [6], was the one who started
this operating system.
Linux is used on variety of hardware (e.g. on workstations, mid–and high–end servers and on
gadgets), which makes it unique [6]. Linux keeps maintaining its position in the market due to the
hard work of both employees and volunteers [6].
Previously, UNIX systems used batch jobs, which run a process until it is finished and then the next
process will run [8]. What UNIX used is known as "non–preemptive scheduling" [8]. After years,
preemptive scheduling was used to run processes in parallel by switching between them [8].
3.2 Scheduling Technique: Linux scheduler is based on Time–Sharing Scheduling technique [7],
which means "It can effectively schedule tasks that have strict timing requirements". The CPU is
divided into small sections, which allows many process to run simultaneously [7]. Time–sharing
depends on "timer interrupts" [7].
3.2 Scheduling Priorities:
The priority ranges differ for real– time tasks and normal tasks in Linux scheduler [1]. In real–time
tasks: priorities vary from 0 to 99. In normal tasks: processes' priorities range from 100 to 139.
Processes who have higher priorities are "numerically" lower than others [1].
Normal tasks are appointed priorities "based on their nice

Chapter 6
Chapter 6 Allocating Resources to the Project This chapter extends the previous one on scheduling
into the area of allocating resources among the activities of a project, or among multiple projects
competing for the same resources. The chapter begins with a discussion of expediting project
completion times and highlights that by selectively choosing which activities to crash and by how
much, we can determine the minimum cost for all possible project completion time. The use of
Excel's Solver optimization routine to facilitate this analysis is also presented. Next, the chapter
moves on to the topic of resource loading and in particular highlights the problems of over
scheduling resources. The topics of resource leveling and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
In project oriented firms there is much more uncertainty about the timing of resource needs since the
resources primarily move between projects rather than moving between projects and a functional
department. Therefore, extra resource capacity is needed as a buffer given the greater level of
uncertainty present. 6. The arrival and departure times of commercial aircraft are carefully
scheduled. Why, then, is it so important to have excess capacity in the airport control tower?
Although the arrival and departure times may be carefully scheduled, we all know that actual
arrivals and departures often deviate significantly from these schedules. Therefore, a significant
amount of uncertainty is present and greatly complicates the ability of the airport control system to
handle arrivals and departures. Indeed unplanned events (e.g., weather delays, equipment
malfunctions, late flight crews, and so on) often cascade through the system further compounding
the problem. Therefore, excess capacity in control towers is needed as a buffer given this level of
uncertainty. Clearly, the cost of not having this capacity greatly exceeds the cost of some idle
capacity. 7. Explain the difference in the problems faced by a PM who is short of secretarial
resources and one who is short of a "Walt." The PM that is short of secretarial resources does not
face that great of a problem as this type of resource is

Advantages Of Multiprocessor Architecture
Real–time systems have become more sophisticated and complex in their behavior and interaction
over the time.Contemporaneously, researchers from both industry and academia are turning their
focus to multiprocessor architectures to handle these sophisticated systems and since then, prevailed
in many commercial systems. Multiprocessor platforms bring innovative solutions to overcome the
limitations of single–core platforms. However, multiprocessor architectures still have certain
challenges that must be taken into consideration. The first challenge for real–time systems is the
scheduling problem. The real–time scheduling problem on multiprocessor models is very different
from and significantly more complex than uniprocessor scheduling. For instance, uniprocessor ...
Energy–efficiency is also considered as another challenge for multiprocessor real–time systems to
ensure energy availability while maintaining assurance that timing constraints will be met.
Multiprocessor scheduling algorithms employ either a partitioned or global scheduling approach or
hybrids of the two. In the partitioning scheme, all the jobs of a task are executed on the same
processor [1]. In contrast, in the global strategy, any job of a task can be executed on any processor,
or even be preempted and moved to a different processor before it is completed [2]. Nevertheless,
parallelism is prohibited in both approaches, this means that, no job of any task can be executed at
the same time on more than one processor. Multiprocessor scheduling can be categorized into
different classes based on different criteria, i.e. homogeneous/heterogenous. On a homogeneous
platform, all processing cores are identical. Therefore, the execution rate of all tasks is the same
among all processors. Hence, the scheduling strategy only needs to concern the execution time of
each task. On the other side, on heterogeneous platform, the rate of execution of a task depends on
both the core and the task. This is due to the

Chapter 11 Essay
Project Management, 2e (Pinto)
Chapter 11 Critical Chain Project Scheduling
11.1 True/False
1) Once the organization elevates its constraint, its system has no constraint.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Section: 11.1 The Theory of Constraints and Critical Chain Project Scheduling
Skill: Definition
AACSB Tag: Reflective
2) An organization's budget estimating process routinely misses the actual cost of a project by 25%.
For the most recent project, the budget variance was a ridiculous 23%, but this must be considered
common cause variance.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Section: 11.1 The Theory of Constraints and Critical Chain Project Scheduling
Skill: Factual
3) In order to estimate completion of a Gaussian distributed ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Answer: Central Limit
Diff: 2
Section: 11.4 The Critical Chain Solution to Project Scheduling
Skill: Definition
7) Critical Chain Project Methodology __________ risk for the entire project.
Answer: aggregates
Diff: 2
Skill: Definition

8) In classic project management, activity durations are estimated based on a(n) __________%
likelihood of successful completion, but in CCPM, activity estimates are at the __________% level.
Answer: 90, 50
Diff: 2
Skill: Definition
9) CCPM advocates putting off non–critical activities as late as possible and providing each activity
with a(n) __________.
Answer: feeder buffer
Diff: 2
Skill: Definition
10) A(n) __________ refers to a safety margin separating different projects scheduled to use the
same resource.
Answer: capacity constraint buffer
Diff: 2
Section: 11.6 Critical Chain Project Portfolio Management
Skill: Definition
11.3 Multiple Choice
1) The first step in TOC methodology is to:
A) identify the constraint.
B) exploit the constraint.
C) subordinate the system to the

Project Management: Bechtel
QUIZ 2 IN MGT05: OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT PROJECT MANAGEMENT 1) Which of
the following statements regarding Bechtel is true? A) Its competitive advantage is project
management. B) Bechtel was the construction contractor for the Hoover Dam. C) While helping to
rebuild Iraq, Bechtel's crews had to travel under armed escort. D) Bechtel's procurement program is
global in nature. E) All of the above are true. 2) Which of the following statements about Bechtel is
true? A) Even though Bechtel is over 100 years old, the Kuwaiti oil fields was its first "project." B)
Bechtel is the world's premier manager of massive construction and engineering projects. C)
Bechtel's competitive advantage is supply–chain management. D) While its ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
A) 33%, to 40 minutes B) 50%, to 30 minutes C) 20%, to 48 minutes D) 25%, to 45 minutes E)
40%, to 36 minutes 14) Which of the following statements regarding Gantt charts is true? A) Gantt
charts give a timeline and precedence relationships for each activity of a project. B) Gantt charts use
the four standard spines of Methods, Materials, Manpower, and Machinery. C) Gantt charts are
visual devices that show the duration of activities in a project. D) Gantt charts are expensive. E) All
of the above are true. 15) The main difference between PERT and CPM is that A) PERT is more
accurate than CPM B) PERT assumes that activity durations are known C) PERT ignores activity
costs D) CPM assumes that activity durations can vary E) ##None of the above are true 16) A
project manager is interested in crashing a project with variable activity times. Which of the
following tools should he/she employ? A) PERT B) CPM C) Gantt Chart D) either PERT or CPM E)
PERT, CPM, or a Gantt chart are fine 17) The difference between AON and AOA networks is that
A) AOA networks sometimes require dummy activities B) nodes consume no resources or time in
AOA networks C) both are acceptable in practice, however Microsoft Project uses AON D) ###in
AON nodes designate activities, in AOA arrows designate activities E) All of the above are

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