Metallic Copper Lab

Metallic Copper Lab
Introduction:
Metallic copper and its compounds have played an important role in history, from ancient
civilizations to today's economy. It also has biological and environmental significance. In this
experiment, we explored copper in its metallic and ionic forms and examined the reactions which
form metallic copper and copper compounds as well as calculated percentage yield of final metallic
copper product.
Materials and Methods:
In this experiment, 5 different chemical reactions took place before the final percentage yield of
metallic copper was calculated. For the first reaction, a fume hood made up of a funnel and some
rubber tubing attached to a tap was set up above a 50 ml beaker. Next, 0.2574 g of copper turnings
were measured out and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The solution went from being black and cloudy to green and transparent, indicating that there is no
longer a precipitate in the solution.
In the fifth chemical reaction copper sulfate reacted with zinc resulting in this equation:
CuSO₄(aq) + Zn(s) → Cu(s) + ZnSO₄(aq)
This is a single displacement, redox reaction as zinc replaces the copper cation in copper sulfate
resulting in metallic copper solid and zinc sulfate. This is evident from the observations as initially a
black solid formed in the solution but as the hydrochloric acid was added and it reacted away the
excess zinc a reddish brown solid formed, which is copper, indicating that zinc displaced the copper
cation. It is a redox reaction as copper is reduced as its oxidation number decreases from +2 to 0 and
zinc is oxidized as its oxidation number increases from 0 to
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Copper Roof Accents Research Paper
Have Copper Roof Accents? Learn 3 Ways To Make Them Look Great Again
Your roof not only provides you shelter, but can increase your home's value and appearance. That's
why it is so important to maintain copper roof accents if you have them. The accents give your roof
some great curb appeal, but if ignored, they can become an eyesore. Learn 3 different ways that you
can make the copper roof accents look great again.
Vinegar and Lemon Juice
You may be able to pressure wash a roof, but it will not do much to remove the heavy debris and
dirt on the metal accents. They require a special treatment in order to restore the shine. Thankfully,
you can make this cleaning concoction using some ingredients you have laying around your kitchen.
Mix the following

Experiment : The Copper Cycle
Experiment 8: The Copper Cycle
Purpose
The main goal of this experiment was to observe series of reactions that convert a piece of copper
metal, via several different copper–containing compounds, back into its original elemental form.
The data collected was the striking color changes along with their relevant chemical equations. The
data was collected while keeping a close eye on the experiment the whole time. The data recorded
was used to see the different changes involved with a piece of copper metal. The copper was
weighed and heated multiple times throughout the experiment
Procedure
CHE 131 Experiment 8, General Chemistry 1 Lab, 1 Quarter 2015–2016, DePaul University.
[Online] https://www.d2l.depaul.edu (November 09, 2015).
Data and Results
Table 1: Summary of Raw Data
Starting with the mass of the copper wire, this table recorded the weight (g) along with observations
that occurred throughout the procedure. At the beginning of the procedure, 4.0 mL of concentrated
nitric acid, HNO3 (16 M), was added to a 50 mL beaker containing a pre–cut, pre–cleaned piece of
Copper (Cu) wire. A lively reaction occurred as the Cu was disolved, forming a brown, harmful gas
inside the beaker. The gas was nitric oxide. To better describe the observation is the chemical
equation,
Cu(s) + 4 HNO3(aq) –＞ Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2 NO2(g) + 2 H2O(l), where nitric acid dissolved copper
and left the products, copper (II) nitrate, Cu(NO3)2, water, and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). After a
while the gas

Correlation Between Zinc And Copper Solutions
Read the Voltmeter to see what the electrical cell potential is. Repeat steps 13–18 for all variations
of Copper Chloride. Record the raw quantitative data in the table below:
Electrical Potential Difference Between Zinc and Copper Solutions Electrical Potential Difference
Variation in Copper Chloride Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
Record qualitative data as well in the Observations section. When all quantitative data has been
collected and recorded, use the equation below to calculate the average electrical potential
difference, or Average E_Cell of each variation of Copper Chloride.
Ave.E_(Cell ) for Variation in Copper Chloride=(Trial 1+Trial 2+Trial 3)/(Number of Trials)
Create a scatter plot graph with a trend line to showcase the data. Calculate the slope/increase in
average cell potential with the equation below:
Slope=Rise/Step
=(y_2–y_1)/(x_2–x_1 ) Observations:
Qualitative Observations: Zinc chloride was easier to manipulate than Copper chloride because the
solid was less condensed than Copper When Zinc Chloride was mixed with water, the solution was
first green and when stirred turned light blue When the Potassium Nitrate became fully dissolved in
water, the bottom of the beaker became cold The more Copper Chloride that was added to the
Copper solution, the more opaque the solution became When the salt bridge connected the two
electrodes, the Voltmeter reacted immediately
Raw Quantitative

Copper Vs Aluminum
Copper vs. Aluminum for household wiring
1 physical properties that make each substance well suited for household wiring:
Copper
Aluminum ductility: Copper is very ductile. The electrical industries benefit from the ductility of
copper. malleability: fairly malleable and easy to work with. high thermal conductivity(high melting
point): The thermal conductivity is very important because it allows copper wires, nickel coated or
otherwise, to disperse heat. It also helps copper undergo extreme stress resulting in minimal or no
tear and wear
Density: aluminum is lighter than copper and it is easier to shape it unlike copper. high electrical
conductivity: Electrical conductivity is the primary characteristic that distinguishes copper from
other ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
4 chemical properties that introduce danger or risk:
Copper
Aluminum
combustibility: if not installed properly raises risk of fire
5 which costs more?
–copper wire costs a lot more than aluminum.
– copper price = $3.07 per pound.
( http://www.vincentmetals.com/Daily_Copper_Prices.html )
–aluminum price = $0.87 per pound
( http://www.vincentmetals.com/Daily_Aluminum_Prices.html )
6 where are they found on the periodic table?
Name: Copper
Symbol: Cu
Atomic number: 29
Atomic mass: 63.546
Group in periodic table: 11
Group name: Coinage metal
Period in periodic table: 4
Block in periodic table: d–block

Colour: copper, metallic
Classification: Metallic
Name: Aluminium
Symbol: Al
Atomic number: 13
Atomic mass: 26.9815386
Group in periodic table: 13
Group name: (none)
Period in periodic table: 3
Block in periodic table: p–block
Colour: silvery
Classification: Metallic
7 –Copper has an atomic number of 29, so it contains 29 protons and 29 electrons. Copper has an
atomic mass of 63.5 so it has 35

Copper and the Human Body
Copper is present in body tissue in trace amounts, but the highest amount is found in the liver,
followed by the brain, kidney and heart. An adult body contains around 100 mg of copper3.It
usually bound to protein complexes; 95% of blood plasma copper is bound to ceruloplasmin, while
the rest is bound loosely to other blood proteins such as albumin, transcuperin, and amino acids.
However, for a given ceruloplasmin concentration in healthy people, the total copper concentration
is varying by 50 µg/dL (8 µmol/L)17.
It is recommended to have adequate copper intake, which ranges between 0.34 mg/day for 1–3 years
old to 0.90 mg/day for adults18. Beef liver is considered the richest dietary source of copper. Some
beans, nuts, and legumes are particularly high in copper, such as cashews, sunflower seeds, and
cooked lentils. Dark chocolate and enriched cereals and rice would also help add copper to diet.
Absorption of copper occurs in its ionic form in the small intestine and, to a limited extent, in the
stomach. However, intestinal absorption of copper limited by other metal ions like zinc and
cademium, and sulfide ions19,20. The presence of some amino acids and ascorbic acid in the
intestine also lower the absorption of copper21,22. Absorbed copper carried in the blood by
different transport proteins such as ceruloplasmin, albumin and transcuprein and/or histidine23.
Once it is in the blood, it is distributed in two stages; in the first stage, most taken up by liver and
kidney;

Copper: The Most Important Elements In Everyday Life
There are many elements that are commonly used and mentioned in everyday life. Oxygen,
hydrogen, nickel, potassium, silver, and gold; but there is one element that deserves all the
recognition, copper. This handy little element can be found in many places and is very useful, to
being welded into armor for gladiators back in 264 BC, to the wiring in everyone's house., copper is
the most helpful element. The discovery of copper dates to prehistoric times, with no sure exact date
as to when. Along with gold, copper was one of the first metals to be used by humans. One of the
reasons coppers was widely popular was because it was very easy to shape. Since it was very
malleable, copper was mixed with other metals, allowing it to become harder. Eventually the need to
use copper boomed and became a hit across the world. Coppers atomic number is 29, which means
it contains 29 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Easy to mold, and is a great conductor of heat and electricity. If the surface of copper is exposed to
air gradually, it will steadily become dull and brownish in color. Whenever water and air are present,
then copper will slowly corrode, which can be seen on rooftops and statues. With its many uses
there will sometimes be an unhealthy affect to those who are always exposed to it. Copper can be
toxic, this is referred to as copper toxicity or copperiedus. This is the result of too much copper in
the body. This is developed by eating acid foods cooked in uncoated copper cookware, or by being
exposed to excess copper in drinking water or other sources. There is a difference between organic
copper and inorganic copper. Organic copper can be found in food, and is a beneficial micronutrient
needed for good health. Inorganic copper, which can be found in wiring, plumbing pipes, sheet
metal, cooking utensils, jewelry and pennies, are heavily linked to the same symptoms that are
present with the consumption of mercury and

Persuasive Essay On Copper And Nickel
We, the state of Minnesota, have a big decision coming up when it comes to mining the copper and
nickel in the boundary waters. Sulfide mining has been stereotyped as a major pollutant to nearby
waterways. As this may have been proven true with other mining corporations, PolyMet Mining has
found a new way of reusing the sulfide as renewable energy instead of flushing it back into the
waterways. Minnesota is home to one of the largest deposits of copper, nickel, and other precious
metals. Currently there is only one copper and nickel mine currently being used in the United States.
With the U.S consuming more than 202,000 tons of nickel annually, there could be a shortage of
copper and nickel in the near future. Many commonly used equipment has copper and nickel in it.
Some examples of this equipment and common everyday things include: Food preparation
equipment, mobile phones, medical equipment, transportation, buildings, and power generation.
With a high demand for copper and nickel, not being able to replace these metals may result in an
increase of prices of these commonly used items (Where). For those people who are against the
mining, imagine life without mobile phones and medical equipment. Copper and nickel is more
important than most people think.
Embracing the opportunity to mine these precious metals would create jobs, surplus the economy
and would provide more than two billion dollars to the Minnesota Permanent School Trust Fund
(Mining). Having the opportunity to

The Reaction of Iron Nails with a Copper Solution Essay
Section Assignment 3.4 Part F – The Reaction of Iron Nails with a Copper Solution
Introduction:
The experiment in this activity involves the reaction between a copper (II) chloride solution with
iron nails and the mole ratios involved in the reaction. Measurements are taken to determine the
moles of each reactant involved in the reaction and thus the number of atoms or molecules involved.
Apparatus and Materials:
Refer to the reaction of iron nails with a copper solution assignment in Module 3, Section
assignment 3.4 Part F of the Chemistry 11 course.
I was unable to do this experiment because I do not have access to an appropriate facility that is
designed for chemistry experiments, appropriate safety equipment, or a qualified ... Show more
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3) Determine the mass of the nails after they are completely dry. * Step G: 1) Separate the solid
from the liquid in the beaker by decanting the liquid. Ask your instructor to demonstrate the correct
procedure. 2) Rinse the solid with about 30 mL of distilled water and decant the liquid from the
solid. It is critical that as little solid as possible is lost during this process. Repeat the rinsing two or
three times. * Step H: 1) Pour 25 mL of the 1 M hydrochloric acid into the beaker and rinse the solid
by swirling the acid around in the bottom of the beaker.
Caution – Hydrochloric acid is corrosive to eyes, skin and clothes. Wearing a lab apron, rubber
gloves, goggles, and a face shield is essential. Rinse any spills on skin or clothing with plenty of
cold water. Clean up spills immediately – ask your instructor for help.
2) Decant the hydrochloric acid from the solid and then again rinse with 30 mL of distilled water
and decant. Be careful not to lose any of the solid. * Step I: 1) Allow the copper in the beaker to dry
at low temperature in a drying oven for at least one hour. 2) Determine the mass of the beaker and
the copper. 3) Repeat the drying process just to be sure that the copper is completely dry, and again
determine the mass of the copper and the beaker. 4) If the masses agree, stop. If the masses are more
than 0.05 gram different, then repeat the drying process until there is

Sequencing Copper Chemical Reactions Lab Report
Julene Thai 06/10/15 CHM 120–5 Sequencing copper chemical reactions Purpose: To see how
much copper can be recovered after a series of chemical transformations. Pre–Laboratory
Assignment: (a) It must be carried out under a fume hood because the oxidation of Cu with HNO3
solution produces NO2 gas, which is toxic. (b) One should be particularly careful when using
concentrated HNO3 solution because it is highly toxic and an oxidant. (a) The NaOH solution
neutralizes the H3O ions and provides hydroxide ions needed to precipitates Cu(OH)2. (b) It is
important for the final solution to be basic so that the red litmus paper can react and turn blue. (a)
The litmus test will be performed to determine when there has been sufficient NaOH solution added
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ionic: H+(aq) + NO3(aq) + Na+(aq) + OH–(aq) → Na+(aq) + NO3(aq) + H2O(l) Net ionic: H+(aq)
+ OH–(aq) → H2O(l) Reaction type: Neutralization Chemical equation: Cu(OH)2(s) ∆ CuO(s,
black powder) + H2O(l) Reaction type: Decomposition Chemical equation: CuO(s, black powder) +
H2SO4(aq) → CuSO4(aq) +

Role Of Copper In The Chain Of Life Essay
INTRODUCTION: COPPER'S PLACE IN THE "CHAIN OF LIFE"
For good health and vitality, the human body needs several key nutrients that work together, like the
links of a chain. If one of the links is broken, the chain is ineffective hence the saying: "A chain is as
strong as its weakest link." The nutrients that form the "chain of life" are carbohydrates, protein,
vitamins, enzymes, lipids and sterols and minerals. All the six must be present in adequate quantities
for life to thrive.
Minerals, the group that copper belongs to, are critical to every chemical reaction that occurs in the
body. Whether it's energy production, tissue manufacture, protein synthesis, water balance or
cellular growth and reproduction, at least one mineral is required. ... Show more content on
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Consumption of high amounts of zinc can help remove of excess copper from the body.
COPPER–RICH FOODS
Because the human body cannot synthesize copper, this mineral must be obtained exclusively from
diet in trace amounts. You'll get dietary copper from a wide variety of foods, which include dark
green leafy vegetables such as kale and spinach; seafood such as oysters, squid and lobster; dried
legumes such as kidney beans and soy and nuts such as walnuts, hazelnuts and cashew–nuts.
Other food sources of copper include organ–meat such as liver, avocado, chocolate, dried peaches,
figs and raisins. Drinking water supplied through copper pipes also delivers some small quantities of
copper, even though most people don't anything about it. Such an abundance of dietary sources of
copper might suggest that there's no need for supplementation. But a recent research has established
an emerging trend that should get people to sit up and listen. According to a recent survey, only 25%
of Americans are consuming a daily amount of copper that the US Food and Nutrition Board of the
National Academy of Sciences considers to be adequate. Where has all the copper

Copper Sulfate Lab
The objective of this experiment is to find out if I can slow down or speed up the reaction between
copper sulfate and an iron nail. This experiment is significant because it is a test of what I will do
with a francium and water reaction. The reaction between copper sulfate and iron is a single
displacement reaction where the iron eventually replaces the copper and creates iron sulfate. Iron is
able to displace copper in this reaction because it is more active. In the reaction iron can either solid
or aqueous but copper sulfate must be aqueous to facilitate the reaction. Copper sulfate is blue, but
will become a yellow liquid once the copper is replaced by iron. The copper that is displaced by iron
creates a pinkish brown precipitate on the unreacted solid iron that is left over. The products of this
reaction will be dark yellow iron sulfate and a iron nail covered fully in pinkish brown copper. ...
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One of the ways to speed up the reaction is to agitate it. You can either to do this by shaking the
solution or by stirring it. When you shake it, you should careful that none of the solution comes out
the beaker. To prevent this you should put your hand over the beaker. If you decide to stir the
solution, make sure that it isn't made of a transition metal because it will change the reaction
completely. Another way to speed it up is to decrease the amount of solvent, copper sulfate, in the
reaction. In addition, grinding the iron into a powder will increase the reaction time because it will
increase the iron's surface area. More surface area equals more collisions

Determining The Chemical Formula For A Hydrated Compound...
Introduction:
This experiment is based on determining the chemical formula for a hydrated compound containing
copper, chloride, and water molecules in the crystal structure of the solid compound, using law of
definite proportion. The general formula of the compound is CuxClyzH2O, and aim is to determine
chemical formula of this compound.
Law of definite proportion, sometimes called Proust's law, states that a compound always has
exactly the same proportion of elements by mass. This means that contents of a compound does not
depend on its source or its method of preparation.
John Dalton wrote the modern atomic theory, a fundamental component of that is, the mole ratios of
elements in a compound will be small whole numbers. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Used stirring rods to completely remove copper from that wire. And then completed the removal of
copper using 5 drops of 6M HCl, adding it onto copper. There will produced copper in a solution.
Connected Buchner flask to the vacuum line and place filter paper in it to completely washed off the
copper. Then, add 95% ethanol to copper and leave it for 1 min and turned section back for 5 mins.
Measured mass of clean, dry watch glass. Transfer copper to watch glass and dry it under heat lamp
for 20 mins, allowed it to cool to room temperature and then accurately determine its mass.
Results:
Data table:
Included below is the measured mass of materials.
Mass of crucible (g) 9.1003
Mass of crucible and hydrated sample (g)
10.108
Mass of hydrated sample (g)
1.0217
Mass of crucible and dehydrated sample (g)
9.8870
Mass of dehydrated sample (g)
0.7867
Mass of water evolved (g)
0.2350
Mass of empty watch glass (g)
1.8904
Mass of watch glass and copper (g)
2.2850

Mass of copper (g)
0.3946
Figured out all the mass listed in the table from which: Mole of water: .2350g divide by 18.016
g/mol = .013 mol. Mole of copper: .3946g divide by 63.55 g/mol = .00621 mol.
Mole of chlorine : 1.0217g – .221g – .3946 g = .4061 g of chlorine .4061g divide by 35.45 g/mol =
.01146 mol.
Mole Ratios :
Mole of water : Mole of copper = .013/.00621 = 2.09
Mole of Chlorine : Mole of copper = .4061/.00621=1.8
So,

Copper Research Paper
Copper is a very versatile metal. It is used for very many thing, it's very ductile so it's used for wires
and electrical work. It is also resistant to corrosion. We also eat it! Copper is a crucial part of our
diet to protect us from infection. Copper is an amazing metal and is used for a lot of things, those
things include building, electrical, and nutritional value.
One amazing thing copper is used for is the fact that it good to build with. People use it to make
pipes, and other things. It was used to make the outer shell of the statue of liberty, it worked so well
that weathering and oxidation of the copper skin has amounted to just .005 of an inch in a century
and the only part of copper that the statue needed replaced or renovated was

The Importance Of Copper Abuse In Australia
Copper was the first metal used by man in 7000 BC. They used copper a lot in the bronze ages for
swords. They use copper now in TV wirings, charges and mobile phones. Copper ore is mined both
underground and on the surface. They dig large excavations formed called open–pit mines. There
are about .5 oz. of copper in your mobile phone. That's more than all the other metals in your phone
and weighs 15% of your phone.
The biggest mine in Australia is the Olympic dam. It produces 55000 tonnes of copper. The
Olympic dam is in the centre of South Australia, and 550 kilometres in Adelaide.
Australia first discovered copper at Kapunda, South Australia in 1842. Copper is mined in Qld,
Nsw, SA, WA and Tasmania. Copper is only not mined in Vic and Nt. Nsw has the most mines in
Australia but Qld produce more copper because their mines are bigger .Copper is found mainly in
the earth's crust. Australia is one of the world's top 6 producers of copper, Australian mines about 6
billion dollars' worth of copper. Copper is often found in other metals like zinc, lead, gold and silver.
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The deposits were once large mass of molten rock that cooled down in the earth's crust. You can
mine copper by separating the mineral from the ore. You then mix it with other materials called
fluxes. Then heat it up, after a while it turns into ingots.
Open cut mining
Open cut mining is when the mineral (cooper) is close to the surface. An example of a mine that
uses open cut is Ernest Henry they use open cut mining to receive the copper. Open cut mining
remove the soil and put it aside and put down pipes and receive the mineral.
Underground mining
In underground mining uses the process of the stopping process. The ore body

Copper Iron Stoichiometry Lab Report Essay
Copper–Iron Stoichiometry
Lab Report
10/3/12
Abstract:
The lab performed required the use of quantitative and analytical analysis along with limiting
reagent analysis. The reaction of Copper (II) Sulfate, CuSO4, mass of 7.0015g with 2.0095g Fe or
iron powder produced a solid precipitate of copper while the solution remained the blue color.
Through this the appropriate reaction had to be determined out of the two possibilities. Through the
use of a vacuum filtration system the mass of Cu was found to be 2.1726g which meant that through
limiting reagent analysis Fe was determined to be the limiting reagent and the chemical reaction was
determined to be as following:–
CuSO4(aq) + Fe(s) Cu(s) + FeSO4(aq)
Introduction:
There were ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Table 2: Time Measures Instance | Time (min) | Copper Sulfate solution cooled after heating | 10:00
min | Copper precipitate exposed on vacuum filtration setup | 10:11 min |
Table 3: Volume Measures Measures | Water added to anhydrous copper sulfate(±0.2ml) | Water
required to wash copper solid(±0.2ml) | Acetone to wash the copper solid(±0.2ml) | HCl to wash
crucible(±0.2ml) | 1 | 60.0ml | 15.0ml | 15.0ml | 45.0ml | 2 | – | – | 15.0ml | | 3 | – | – | 14.0ml | | 4 | – |
– | 15.0ml | |
Table 4: Moles of CuSO4, Fe, Cu Substance | Moles | CuSO4 | 0.043866 mol | Fe | 0.035983 mol |
Cu | 0.034189 mol |
Moles of Cu = 2.1726g × 1 mol Cu63.5463 g = 0.034189 mol [II]
Table 5: Limiting Reagent, Theoretical and Actual Yields, Percent Yields Equation | Limiting
Reagent | Theoretical Yield Cu | Actual Yield Cu | Percent Yield Cu | [I] | Fe | 0.035983 mol |
0.034189 mol | 95.01% | [II] | CuSO4 | 0.043866 mol | | |
Limiting Reagent Determination–
If Fe Limiting Reagent:
Mol of Cu = 0.035983 mol Fe * 1 mol Cu1 mol Fe = 0.035983 mol [III]
If CuSO4 Limiting Reagent:

Mol of Cu = 0.043866 mol CuSO4 * 1 mol Cu1 mol CuSO4 = 0.043866 mol [IV]
Limiting Reagent = Fe
Theoretical Yield –
Mol of Cu = 0.035983 mol Fe * 1 mol Cu1 mol Fe = 0.035983 mol [V]
Percent Yield –
Percent Yield = Actual YieldTheoretical Yield* 100% = 0.034189mol0.035983mol*100% = 95.01%
[VI]
Difference in theoretical yield and actual yield –
Difference = 0.035983 –

Copper Mining Effects
Copper is a chemical element that has the symbol Cu and atomic number 29 (Copper Development
Association of South Africa, 2017). The element possesses a wide range of properties that make it
invaluable for many different applications. It is an excellent conductor of heat and electricity, as
well as being very malleable and ductile. Copper also has excellent alloying properties and is
resistant to corrosion (Geoscience Australia, 2017). Copper mining is a large industry in Australia,
but the industry is under scrutiny for negative impacts on the environments caused by mining.
As a result of the elements numerous valuable properties, it is used for many different applications.
The largest use of copper in Australia is in the electrical industry, ... Show more content on
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Underground mining involves large scale movements of rock and vegetation, which creates
potential risks of land and tunnel collapse. Furthermore, this process of mining can release toxic
compounds into surrounding water bodies. As the water takes on harmful concentrations, it can
pollute the region surrounding the mine, as well as neighbouring water bodies. This can affect the
growth of vegetation, animals and humans living in the surrounding areas. This form of mining also
has high demand for water, which can deplete supplies in the surrounding region (Web.mit.edu,
2017). When copper is mined, toxic compounds are released into the air. The dust released during
the mining of copper can release a variety of impurities associated with common health problems.
Mining is also dependent on fossil fuels, which when released have harmful effects on the
atmosphere (Web.mit.edu, 2017).
An example of the invasive nature of underground copper mining is the Mount Morgan copper
mines in Queensland, which ran from the 1880's to the 1980's. The remains of this mine were left
and have affected the water quality of the Dee River. The water in the Dee River has become acidic,
and is not suitable for drinking, swimming or fishing. In heavy rainfall events, it is possible for
runoffs of contaminated water to spread through the area (Qld.gov.au, 2017). The impacts of this
mine, which has been shut down for more than 40 years, are still affecting the surrounding
environment

Copper Cycle Essay
Elena Chen
CH 221–227
November 3rd, 2009
Lab Report #3: Copper Cycle
Abstract:
The purpose of the experiment is to cycle solid copper through a series of five reactions. At different
stages of the cycle, copper was present in different forms. First reaction involves reaction between
the copper and nitric acid, and copper changed from elemental state to an aqueous. The second
reaction converted the aqueous Cu2+ into the solid copper (2) hydroxide. In the third reaction
Cu(OH)2 decomposed into copper 2 oxide and water when heated. When solid CuO reacted with
sulfuric acid, the copper returned to solution as an ion (Cu2+). The cycle of reactions was completed
with the reaction where elemental copper was regenerated by Zn and Cu ... Show more content on
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Net ionic reaction: See attachment on the back for the net ionic equations
Reaction 4: CuO (s) + H2SO4 (aq) → CuSO4 (aq) + H2O (l)
Type of the reaction: Displacement/acid–base
Reaction 5: CuSO4 (aq) + Zn (s) → ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu (s)
Type of the reaction: Redox
Percent recover of copper=
Discussion:
In this experiment an elemental copper was cycled a series of five reactions where it ended with
pure elemental copper as well, but at different stages of the cycle the copper was in different forms.
In the first reaction, elemental copper was reacted with concentrated nitric acid where copper
changed the form from solid to aqueous. Second reaction then converted the aqueous Cu2+ into the
solid copper II hydroxide (Cu(OH)2) through reaction with sodium hydroxide. The third reaction
takes advantage of the fact that Cu(OH)2 is thermally unstable. When heated, Cu(OH)2 decomposes
(breaks down into smaller substances) into copper II oxide and water. When the solid CuO is reacted
with sulfuric acid, the copper is returned to solution as an ion (Cu2+). The cycle of reactions is
completed with the

Copper And Sulfur Lab Report
Procedure:
A. Reaction between the elements copper and sulfur To begin the lab, a 5 cm copper wire was
obtained and observed. Properties such as luster, malleability, and color were noted. Then, a pencil
was used to make a small coil by wrapping the copper wire against it. The coil was placed in a
crucible afterwards. Sufficient powder sulfur was added in. The crucible was then covered and
conscientiously placed upon a clay triangle on an iron ring. Next, the crucible was heated with the
hottest part of flame at the bottom of it. This was to get a red color to appear at the bottom of the
crucible. The heating was continued until there was no sign of smoke occurring. Using tongs, the
crucible was removed from the clay triangle without extracting ... Show more content on
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Several drops of 6 moles of HCl were mixed in and observations were made of the changes. Then,
the process was repeated and recorded with Sodium sulfite and Zinc Sulfide. Afterwards, 1 mL of
0.1 mole of lead nitrate had been placed in a test tube. A few drops of 6 moles of HCl was then
added into 1 mL of 0.1 mole of Barium chloride solution, 2 drops of 1 mole of K2CrO4 were added.
Information was noted down. To 1 mL of Barium chloride of another test tube, several drops of 3
moles of ammonium carbonate was added. Information was recorded when changes occurred. After
precipitate has settled, the excess liquid was carefully poured out. 1 mL of water was then added to
a test tube. it was shaken and allowed to let precipitate to settle down. The final steps included the
liquid was poured out and several drops of 6 moles of HCl had been added to the remaining solid.
Observations were

An Experiment On The Reaction Of Acid And Decanting Has On...
Purpose:
It's important for reactions in aqueous solutions to reach equilibrium, meaning that both products
and reactants need to be present before continuing to the next reaction or next step. In this
experiment, copper was changed through eight different reactions. Throughout the process,
qualitative observations were recorded to see what effect each type of acid and decanting has on
copper. All of these steps were successfully completed by using different acidic solutions and zinc to
take copper through the cycle from copper solid to copper nitrate to copper hydroxide, to copper
oxide, to copper II sulfate, and back to copper solid.
Procedure:
CHE 131 Experiment 8, General Chemistry I Lab, 131 Quarter 2014–2015, DePaul University.
[Online] https://www.d2l.depaul.edu (March 10, 2015)
Zinc was added till the solution was clear during the reduction.
When washing the copper at the end, there was only one wash with water.
Data and Results:
The table below shows the qualitative date observed throughout the whole process of the copper
cycle.
Table 1: Copper Cycle
Description Data Observed
Mass of Copper Wire 0.3165 g
Dissolution of Copper Copper starts to dissolve and bubbling occurs when nitric acid was added.
The solution became green and the beaker started to become orange/brown as gas was being
released. Solution then became light blue when washed with water.
Precipitation of Cupric Hydroxide The solution then became a dark blue color. The precipitate was
more bulker

Percent Copper In Brass
Percent Copper in Brass
I. Introduction Have you ever been to any orchestra show or home improvement store before? If you
have, I'm sure you have seen those fancy gold–colored instruments or fancy door knobs or faucets
from the home improvement store. Have you ever wondered what they are made up of? They are
made up with the binary alloy called brass. Brass is a binary alloy made up of copper and zinc with
an additional amount of lead and tin(Brass in Focus, Angela Vessey,2004). Its density is known as
8.3 to 8.7 g/cm3, and melting point is 1652 to 1724 °F(Bell,2017). The characteristics of the brass
are varied on the amount of zinc and copper. The higher amount of zinc seems to be cast easier
while the lower amount of zinc can be cold worked easier; high amounts of copper allow the brass
to form a patina, coating of the thin oxide ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In real world, we use Beer's law to find out the amount of copper or zinc in the brass. The most
accurate way to find the amount of copper is by drawing a calibration curve. When a calibration
curve is a straight–line, we represent it using y=β0+β1x where y is the signal, Sstd, and x is the
analyte concentration, Cstd. The constants β0 and β1 are, respectively, the calibration curve's
expected y–intercept and its expected slope. Because of uncertainty in our measurements, the best
we can do is to estimate values for β0 and β1, which we represent as b0 and b1. The goal of a linear
regression analysis is to determine the best estimates for b0 and b1. How we do this depends on the
uncertainty in our measurements(Harvey,2016). Meanwhile, all the brasses share same
characteristics of malleability and ductility. All the brasses are capable of being shaped and can be
drawn into a wire(Brass in focus, Angela Vessey,2004). In the real world, brass is used for
decoration, mechanical applications, as well as for musical instruments. Depends on the copper
percentage in brass,

Copper Essay
Weil 1
Copper is one of the earliest elements known to man. Because of its distinct red color, Copper is
very easily identified. In the ancient times, copper could be found lying in the ground in its
unattached state without interaction to other substances. Copper and its compounds have many uses
in today's society.
Copper has many chemical properties that make it unique. The Atomic number of copper is 29. An
Atomic number is a measure of the amount of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Protons are sub–
atomic particles, which have a positive charge. The Atomic mass of copper is 63.546. The Atomic
mass is a measure of how many neutrons and protons are in an atom. Neutrons are ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Copper does not rust and when in water, it turns reddish orange. After prolonged exposure, Copper
develops a coat of green film called patina. This film protects it against further exposure. Also,
rolled Copper has a tensile strength from 50,000 to 70,000 pounds per square inch. Tensile strength
is the maximum strength a material can stand before breaking.
Early uses of the element include jewelry, weapons, and tools. The element was first used around
9000 b.c.e. and was found in northern Iraq. Copper was first used by Native Americans around 2500
b.c.e. One of the first skills that the ancient coppersmith must have learned how to do was shape the
metal, possibly by heating. This element was first used to its full potential when Coppersmiths
began to use tin with copper to make an alloy called bronze. An alloy is a mixture of two or more
metals with properties differs from those of the individual metal. The alloy was first discovered as
early as 4000 b.c.e. Bronze was used similar to copper due to the many variety of tools, weapons,
and jewelry that are created from the alloy. It differs from copper in the way that with tin added, the
alloy is a better conductor and easier to shape than the metal alone. Copper was used as the primary
metal of the world to around 3000 b.c.e when society discovered iron. Many copper compounds are
used in today's agricultural, medical, and pest–control jobs. Copper Acetate (Cu20 (C2H3O2) 2) is a

Copper in Silver Nitrate Lab
Copper in Silver Nitrate Lab: Making Silver
Sabrina Kate S. Carranza – Chemistry Hour 6
I. Purpose:
The purpose of this experiment is to distinguish the relationships between reactants and products, in
addition to expanding on concepts such as single displacement reactions, mole ratio values, moles to
mass, theoretical yields, limiting reactants, excess, stoichiometric relationships and percentage
errors.
II. Hypothesis: /3
–If the copper metal is submerged in the silver nitrate solution then in reaction, a pure, solid (Ag)
silver product is created with an excess of (Cu (NO3)2) copper (II) aqueous liquid because a single
displacement reaction occurs where the balance equation is then
2AgNO3 + Cu(s) 2Ag + Cu (NO3) 2 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
10) Take the plastic weighing tray and record the mass in your data table.
11) Put on gloves and wear safety glasses.
12) Find and extract the remaining copper wire out of the mixture using forceps and rinse the copper
wire with distilled water so that the water goes into the plastic container. Rinse the wire several
times. Place the wire in the weighing tray.
13) When the tray is thoroughly dry, determine its mass. Record the mass in the data table. You have
to wait until day three to weigh the copper.
14) Let the crystals of the silver settle in the plastic container and decant off the liquid.
15) Wash the residue three or four times using about 5–10 mL of distilled water. No residue of blue
color should remain in your silver crystals.
16) Place the container in the drying oven. It must be dried overnight.
DAY THREE:
17) Weigh the dried silver product and beaker
18) Record this into the quantitative data table V. Data Results:
Raw Data:
Table 1. Qualitative Data: Day 1 to 3 Observations DAY 1 | DAY 2 | DAY 3 | | | | Copper wire turned
white when submerged in distilled water, little crystal–like substances forming on copper | Copper
disintegrated (reacted), clumps of powder substance formed in the blue solution | Dry, white solid
formed; silver product. Powder like, shiny and glittery |

Table 2. Quantitative Data: Masses and Volume Initial mass of 10 cm Copper Wire (g) | 0.7842 g |
Mass of plastic

Copper Preparation Lab Report
4. Describe the procedure for extracting copper from one of its ores. Include relevant chemical
reactions, equations and energy considerations involved. Extraction of copper from chalcopyrite
(CuFe2) occurs using processes such as: mining & crushing, froth flotation, roasting & smelting and
electrolytic refining.
Mining the ore
Copper ore contains approximately 0.5% copper and 99.5% unwanted rock. To help separate the
mineral copper from the gangue (sand, rock and other impurities), the ore is crushed and ground to a
fine powder form ball mills (0.3mm particle size). Concentrating the ore (froth floatation)
This is the step in which there is the separation of the mineral is and the gangue. Milled ore is then
mixed with collectors i.e. water, detergent, and oils. This is then fed into banks of floatation cells or
tanks. Here air is blown into the mixture forming bubbles. Copper particles will adhere to the
bubbles which rise to the surface. This froth is then removed and put through another series of test
where the water and other unwanted chemicals are removed. This then leaves the concentrated metal
which is now referred to as the metal concentrate. The ore contains approximately 30% copper after
this process. Gangue is removed from the bottom of the tank ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This is then placed in a furnace that is heated to temperatures up to 1000°C. Combustion of the coal
releases heat, the sand and lime act as a fluxing agent, which removes the impurities of the iron, for
example Iron (II) silicate. These impurities then float to the top where they are removed and
discarded. Copper matte is then formed, a mixture of Copper (I) oxide and copper (I) sulphide
which contains about 50–70% copper. The copper matte is then mixed with additional sand and
smelted again to produce molten copper metal, about 98% pure. Air is blown through molten copper
at 1400°C, converting sulphides to sulphur

Copper Periodic Table
The element I have chosen for our Atomic Structures And The Periodic Table Project is the element
copper. Copper is one of the first metals ever to be handled by human hands and till this day is still
one of the most important metals in the industry. Copper gets its name from the Latin word
"Cuprum" this words meaning is from the island of Cyprus. Cyprus is an island where the Romans
mined for copper in the ancient times. Copper is an transition metal with the atomic number twenty
nine. Copper has an atomic weight of sixty three point five hundred and forty six. Copper has a
density of eight point ninety six grams per centimeters cubed. Copper's phase at room temperature is
at a solid state the melting point for this element is one thousand eighty five degrees celsius this
elements melting point at fahrenheit is one thousand nine hundred eighty four degrees. Coppers
boiling point is two thousand five hundred sixty two degrees celsius this is four thousand six
hundred forty four degrees in fahrenheit. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Reports of copper beads were found in the 9th millennium in Iraq. Copper can be characterized as
one of the most durable and versatile materials known to mankind. At its purest state copper is a
pink color but turns into a soft orange colored metal that is an excellent conductor of heat and
electricity that reacts slowly to air and water when exposed to air it will eventually tarnish into a
brownish

Copper Research Paper
Copper is a metal, that people obtain from chalcopyrite and bornite ores and minerals, by smelting,
leaching and electrolysis, which are chemical reactions. Yet, it belongs to a sub–group of metals
called 'Transition Metals'. Existing as an element, it's small particles (atoms) are very close to each
other (most common state for copper is solid), but aren't chemically bonded. Consequently, it is a
26th element on the periodic table, meaning that it's atomic structure consists of 26 protons, and
therefore 26 electrons.
Originally, heating and shaping copper could create coins, alongside with gold and silver. Being the
most common of three, copper is the least valued. Today, the most common use of copper, is to
make the wires and other electrical

How Is Copper Transformed And Chemical Reaction?
Conservation of mass:
How is copper transformed in chemical reaction?
There were 3 objectives for this lab they were demonstrate that mass is conserved in chemical
transformations, practice balancing out chemical equations for reactions observed in the lab and
practice the skill of recognizing chemical reactions and making detailed observations.
Part A of lab (preparation of copper (II) nitrate from copper metal). Weigh out ~ 0.2 g of copper foil
pieces (record to the nearest .001 g) into a weigh boat. Describe its physical appearance in the lab
notebook. Pour the foil pieces into the bottom of a 10 ml graduated cylinder. Place the cylinder
under the bench top snorkel. Add 3 ml of 6 M nitric acid (HNO3) to the 10 ml graduated cylinder.
Use a glass rod to push down any floating pieces of copper foil. A vigorous reaction will quickly
ensure. The brown gas being evolved is nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The copper is oxidized in this
process, forming Cu (NO3)2. Record detailed observations of the reaction, including: initial and
final color of the solutions, sounds, heat evolved, gases evolved, what happened to the metal, etc.
Part b (preparation of copper (II) hydroxide from copper (II) nitrate). Pour the cooled copper (II)
nitrate solution from reaction A into a 100 ml beaker. Wash out the graduated cylinder with 10ml
distilled water, and add the water into the 100 ml beaker. Repeat this process, so that 20 ml of water
will have been added. Carefully add 5.0 ml of 6 M NaOH to

Essay about Copper
Copper
Copper is a mineral. it is not a plant or a animal. Copper is a metallic metal. It can never be broken
down into differnet substances by normal chemical means. Copper was one of the first metals
known to humans.
People liked it because in it's native condition, it could easily be beaten into weapons or tools.
Copper has been one of the most useful metals for over
5000 years. Copper was probably used around 8000 B.C by people living along the
Tigris and Euphrates rivers. In 6000 B.C, Egyptians learned how to hammer copper into things they
wanted. Around 3500 B.C, People first learned how to melt copper with tin to make bronze. So the
period between 3000 B.C ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Lamps are also attached to these helmets in case some of the lighting in the mine goes out leaving a
miner stranded in the dark. One of the biggest problems with mining is that in some places
dangerous gas's may exist, like Carbon Monoxide. In the past we had very cruel and inhuman ways
to detect harmful gases. One of these ways was the use of canaries. Miners would let them fly into a
part of the mine where a poison gas was suspected. If there was a harmful gas, the bird would fall
over dead at the first scent of the gas. Today, we have better ways to detect gases without having
animals die. We now have detection machines in all parts of mines. Mines also have top of the line
fire alarms and water systems. If a flammable gas ignites, like sulfur, the fire may not die for years,
which results in closing the mine. Another problem miners complain about are the rats. Mines will
often have mine cats that hunt out the rats. These cats are well fed and petted by most of the miners.
Most copper is found in seven ores. That means it's mixed in with other metals like lead, zinc, gold,
cobalt, bismuth, platinum, and nickel. These ores will usually have only about 4% pure copper in
them though.
Sometimes miners may only find 2%. The things that make copper such a popular metal are
malleability which is how easily it bends. Copper is highly

Copper Mining Essay
The purpose of this investigation is to determine the following question; "What have we learned
about the mining for copper that could minimise environment impacts of mining in the future?"
Copper is a metal used for jewellery, copper wiring, electrical motors, engines, but mainly used in
electrical generators and powers. This is because copper has a high thermal and electrical
conductivity. Hence, copper is essential in today's society. The mining for copper in Queenstown,
Tasmania was founded in 1883, but first started in 1896.
Copper mining led to the formation of acid rain because Acid mine drainage (AMG) was formed
into the river system by natural processes when the pyrite bedrock was exposed to oxygen and
water. This is because ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A scrubber is used to remove gases and destroys the harmful chemicals in the atmosphere, which
prevents the formation of acid rain. Additionally, FDG works by "spraying a wet slurry of limestone
into a huge chambers where the calcium in the limestone responds with the sulfur dioxide in the flue
gas." When sulfur produces 〖SO〗_2, the fumes gas goes through the scrubber where a spray
mixture of limestone and water reacts with the 〖SO〗_2. It produces calcium sulfate (when
〖SO〗_2 consolidates with limestone), known as synthetic gypsum. Scrubbers reduce the health
risks of the local residents and workers. It is extremely important to remove sulfur dioxide because
it combines with water in the air to form sulfuric acid (acidic compound) when released into the
atmosphere. Thus, scrubbers are utilized to remove acidic gases as it filters out the sulfur dioxide
leaving water released as

Hexaaqua Copper Lab Report
Experimental Objectives:
Copper belongs to group 11 and is also known to be the least reactive of the first row metals. It is
the only d–block metal in the first row that has a stable 1+ oxidation state however in comparison to
its +2 state, the former is seen as unstable. Cu(0) is rarely stable (2) and hence this is why it is not
abundant in nature, and instead is generally extracted from ores via leaching or roasting methods. It
is the +2 oxidation state that seems to dominate the majority of aqueous copper chemistry with the
characteristic blue colour of most copper solutions being an indicator for the presence of the
hexaaqua copper (II) ion (1).The aim of this experiment was to perform reactions to demonstrate the
reactivity of copper ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Excess nitric acid was still present in the solution and reacted with the strong base of NaOH in order
for the solution to be neutralised. The excess NaOH allowed a double displacement or metathesis
reaction to occur. This was where the copper (II) ions react with the OH– ions to produce an
absolute blue precipitate of copper hydroxide which was insoluble. Sodium nitrate however is
soluble in water and thus stayed dissolved in the solution (4). The insoluble blue precipitate
observed in the reaction is supported by this explanation. The fact that the blue litmus paper did not
turn red upon addition of the reaction mixture showed that acid was no longer present within the
solution and hence the reaction was

Rust And Copper Artifact
This artifact, at first glance appears to be made of copper because of the greenish blue color. Upon
closer inspection though you can see rust, and copper doesn't rust, it oxidizes. Which leads me to
believe that it is some other sort of metal. This object appears to be no more than an inch, and
doesn't appear to be very wide. As I stated before, it has a greenish blue color to it. It appears to be
rough, but the roughness and the rust makes me believe that it is weathered, so it most like could
have been smooth when it was first crafted. There appears to be no movable parts to it and there is a
indentation on the front that may have been a design or something written on it at one point in time.
This artifact could have been used as a string

State Of Copper Essay
The objective of this experiment was to manipulate the state of copper by taking copper through
four different forms and to observe and understand the method behind each reaction. The
transformations include starting from 0.1588g of Copper(II) Chloride dihydrate to produce
Copper(II) hydroxide. Copper(II) Chloride dihydrate was dissolved in water forming a light blue
colour and Sodium hydroxide was added in order to form Copper(II) hydroxide a dark blue
precipitate. In this reaction Sodium Chloride is soluble and Copper hydroxide is insoluble in water,
therefore, forms precipitate. When the dark blue Copper(II) hydroxide was then, heated it
decomposed to form Copper(II) Oxide, a black solid. Copper(II) oxide, an insoluble metal oxide,
and sulfuric acid reacted to produced Copper(II) sulfate, a soluble salt and blue in colour. Copper(II)
sulfate was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, after decantation and heating the solid copper a mass of 0.0698 g was recovered and the
percentage yield of the solid copper resulted in 117.9%. A majority of sources of error in the lab
would cause loss of copper and the decrease in the final mass however in this case the final mass
was higher than the initial mass. The main reason behind this could have possibly been due to
impurities present in the solid copper which has altered the mass of the final product. A source of
error may have been in the final reaction with zinc, if the solid zinc did not react with copper(II)
sulfate completely and the left over zinc particles in the copper precipitate may have have increased
the mass of the final product. Another source of error could have been not enough water being
decanted from the beaker, leaving copper with liquid. Heating the copper at the end may have not
dried off enough to eliminate all the the liquid which may have added more weight to the solid
copper being

Copper Life Cycle Essay
Copper is a metal that has been used by humans essentially since the beginning of existence as it is
said to be only the second metal used by man after gold. Therefore, copper production has been an
important part of life for thousands or years and still is today. The copper cycle is an important
because it provides a basis for how copper can be recovered from various compounds that it exists
in during its so–called "life–cycle" . The life cycle of copper conserves this now scarce metal by
allowing the recovery of the pure substance at any point through experimental means. While copper
is much more, scare in earths natural environment today it is still an incredibly important product.
Copper is used in manufacturing wiring for electricity as ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Reaction one was an exothermic reaction. This was determined simply because when nitric acid was
mixed with the copper wire a significant amount of heat was given off to the surroundings, therefore
the reaction had to be exothermic. Reaction two was exothermic as well. This was determined
because precipitation reactions are always exothermic as the formation of a solid is a decrease in
entropy so delta S is negative which means that enthalpy would be negative, therefore it is an
exothermic reaction. Reaction three is an endothermic reaction. This was determined simply
because a decomposition reaction is carried out through the addition of energy, usually heat to break
down a compound, therefore the addition of heat to carry out to the reaction means it has to be
endothermic. Reaction four was exothermic. This was determined because it was an acid base
neutralization reaction. Acid–base neutralization reactions are always exothermic as they release
heat from the system to the surroundings. Reaction five was endothermic. This was determined
because the reaction sped up when heated. The reduction of Copper Sulfate to Copper occurred at
room temperate when Hydrochloric Acid and Aluminum were combined. However, when the beaker
was put on a hot plate the reaction occurred noticeably faster therefore indicating that it

Copper Synthesis Experiment Essay example
Experiment 1: Synthesis of Copper Compounds
Introduction
This experiment involves the synthesis of compounds originating from pure solid copper. By
applying solubility rules and the reactive properties of substances, many compounds which would
otherwise be costly to extract from nature are able to be synthesized in the laboratory. Laboratory
synthesized may sometimes be more economical than natural extraction, however it poses its own
problems with the amount of substance that is actually yielded from the production reactions
(Stathopulos, 2007). Almost no reaction has 100% yield, thus scientists inadvertently produce
undesired products that must be filtered or decanted out of solution (Petrucci et al, 2007). Beginning
with pure copper ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The intent of the experiment was to perform all the reactions only to return to the pure form of
copper again. A reasonable percent recovery would be 90% +, however, the percent recovery
obtained in our experiment was an outrageous and impossible figure of 3382%. Unless the law of
conservation for matter is wrong, only error can explain that abnormal figure. Under the guidance of
our TA, we were advised to remove our evaporating dish from the Bunsen burner to prevent
overheating and the formation of copper oxide. A very

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Copper Cookware
For any cook, professional or otherwise, the type and quality of cookware being used are as
essential as the ingredients of the food itself. Although every home and restaurant operate uniquely,
each shares common needs as far as cookware is concerned. As a result, the market is full of
cooking equipment so that cooks and chefs have different options to choose from.
However, regardless of the shape or size cookware, you always need to consider the metal that the
cookware is made of. This makes your ultimate choice of cooking equipment a question of the metal
it is made of. There are many materials to choose from including stainless steel, aluminum or even
copper.
The focus of this article is copper cookware and information that can be learned through copper
cookware reviews. Copper ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Copper is necessary and beneficial in the human body, but only in very small quantities. In larger
amounts, it becomes toxic or potentially lethal.
Difficult to Clean and Maintain
Copper has always been a demanding material to keep in top shape. It stains and scratches quite
easily and needs regular polishing. In old England, sand was imported from French beaches
specifically for cleaning copper pots and kettles without damaging them.
In the modern kitchen, copper cannot be cleaned in dishwashers and has to be done by hand. Some
cheap and easy methods of cleaning have been known to work well to rid copper of stains such as
scrubbing lightly with lemon juice or with vinegar. However, these tasks still become cumbersome
for most people who would simply prefer cookware that can be cleaned satisfactorily with soap and
warm water.
Tarnishing and Fading
Even when not in use, copper items tarnish and lose their lustrous sheen making it necessary to
polish regularly them to maintain their visual appeal.

Experiment : The Copper Cycle
CH 204 – Introduction to Chemical Practice
Experiment 6 – The Copper Cycle
Samuel Stewart*
TA: Brad Hu
October 27, 2017
This laboratory experiment is appropriately entitled "The Copper Cycle" because the sequence of
reactions begins and ends with elemental copper metal. According to the Law of Conservation of
Mass, since no copper is added or removed between the initial and final reactions; and assuming the
reactions go to completion, the copper yield should match the amount originally used in the first
reaction. The cycle of copper reactions is thus:
Cu(s) + 4HNO3(aq) ––> Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2NO2(g) + 2H2O(l)
Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) ––> Cu(OH)2(s) + 2NaNO3(aq)
Cu(OH)2(s) ––> CuO(s) + H2O(l)
CuO(s) + H2SO4(aq) ––> CuSO4(aq) + ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Precipitation occurs when pairs of oppositely charged ions attract each other so strongly that water
molecules cannot separate them, and they form an insoluble ionic solid.²
When copper hydroxide is heated (in reaction 3), water is released as copper hydroxide decomposes
into a second insoluble compound, copper(II) oxide. Copper(II) oxide, a base, then undergoes an
acid–base reaction in reaction 4 with the addition of aqueous sulfuric acid, H2SO4 . The water–
soluble salt, copper(II) sulfate, CuSO4 forms.
These five reactions will be performed in the laboratory and will demonstrate the many forms and
colors that appear in the copper cycle. The Law of Conservation of Mass will be demonstrated as
elemental copper is returned to elemental copper.
RESULTS & DISCUSSION
Elemental copper underwent five chemical reactions before cycling back to elemental copper.
Reaction 1 was an oxidation–reduction reaction. Elemental copper was mixed with concentrated
nitric acid and the solution went through several color changes as the copper reacted with the nitrate
ions. The nitrate ion oxidized the copper metal to a copper(II) ion and transformed to nitrogen
dioxide in the process. This reaction was

Copper Carbonate Lab Report
The reaction characteristics of basic copper carbonate 〖mCuCO〗_3⋅n〖Cu(OH)〗_2 were
observed by changing the reaction mole ratio. The reaction mole ratio of sodium carbonate to
copper chloride (II) was controlled from 1.08 to 1.68. Fig. 1 shows the XRD patterns of copper
carbonate powder. At a reaction ratio of 1.08, paratacamite (Cu_2 Cl(OH)_3 ), beside alkali copper
carbonate, was formed because of incomplete reaction at a copper content of 53.9 wt%. Lack of
sodium carbonate may cause incomplete reaction with copper chloride (II) because of low pH (6.0)
of the solution [12]. The copper content according to the reaction mole ratio were 57.7, 50.5, 58.8,
59.3, and 59.8 wt% at the reaction mole ratios of 1.20, 1.32, 1.44, 1.56, and 1.68, respectively. ...
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The malachite basic copper carbonate formed as CuCO3 ⋅ Cu(OH)2 shows bright green, whereas
that of azurite formed as 2CuCO3 ⋅ Cu(OH)2 shows strong blue. In this study, most of the
manufactured copper carbonate was converted to malachite basic copper carbonate of bright green
at the reaction mole ratio of >1.20. In the case of low reaction ratio of sodium carbonate, m, the
stoichiometric coefficients of CuCO3, is higher than n, the stoichiometric coefficient of Cu(OH)2,
so that the amount of CuCO3 is generated is more than that of Cu(OH)2. With increasing reaction
mole ratio of sodium carbonate, m is lower than n so that the generation rate of CuCO_3 is lower
than that of Cu〖(OH)〗_2. Therefore, copper content increased with increasing sodium carbonate.
With assumption of same value of m and n, theoretical copper content becomes 57.5

Copper Sulfate Lab Report
Analysis/conclusions
In conclusion, the charge/roman numeral on copper in copper sulfate is 2+. The percent composition
of copper in copper (I) sulfate was 40.58% and in copper (II) sulfate it was 25.46%. Later, I
calculated that the percent of copper in the lab was 26.13%. This percent shows that copper (II)
sulfate was used in this experiment because 26.13% was closer to 25.46% than 40.58%. If iron (II)
sulfate and copper metal is the product of copper (?) sulfate and iron metal, then copper (?) sulfate
has a charge of 2+. The mass of dry filter paper (1.18 g), the mass of copper sulfate (3.10 g), the
mass of iron (0.70 g), total reaction time (129 s), the mass of dry filter paper/copper (1.99 g), and
the mass of copper produced (0.81 g). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I think that my group could have done something wrong or different during the experiment. The
only source of error is not putting all the copper sulfate in the water and this could have a high but
low effect. It could have changed the results by a lot or a little because the putting less than was
called for made the mass smaller than it is. The percent error is 34.14%.
One question that the experiment generate was "how did a chemical reaction take place?" I did not
understand how the metals and compounds used in this lab could make a chemical reaction like
color change. One thing that I understand is that my group could have done better. If I had the
opportunity to repeat the experiment, I would follow the procedure more thoroughly, measure the
mass of the materials more precisely, and actually pour all the materials into the right places. If I do
these things right, then the results will be closer to the actual results than what I got during my
experiment. From this experiment, I learned many things. I learned that I need to be more precise to
get the best results in this experiment. You will need to measure the amounts to what is asked to be
able to the right results. I learned that some error can change the results easily. Some error like not
measuring the exact amount can change the results by a little or a

Copper Transport Disorders Paper
Background Problem:
Inherited copper transport disorders are caused by a defect in the gene that decodes for copper–
transporting ATPases. This defect interferes with how the human body utilizes copper which is
manifested in disorders such as Wilson's disease, Menkes Disease, and the rare Occipital Horn
Syndrome. This article attempts to examine the types of copper transport disorders and focus on the
clinical problems in diagnosis and treatments. Even though there are diagnosis methods and
treatments for these diseases, there are still issues with the available resources. Readers would be
interested in the larger work because early diagnosis and treatment of this disease is critical in
managing the disorders.
Purpose:
When attempting to improve on the efficiency of diagnoses and treatments of copper transport
disorders, it was found that patients with Wilson's disease develop hepatocellular carcinoma even
though they are receiving ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The chelating agents given to remove excess copper are given either an hour before meals or two
hours after meals. Due to this, patients tend to become nauseous after consuming their medicine.
This side effect causes many patients to avoid taking their medicine. This is important because by
solving this obstacle, more patients will be more compliant in the treatment of their disease.
Secondly, patients with Wilson's disease have decreased levels of ceruloplasmin. This disrupts the
iron homeostasis which results in the accumulation of both iron and copper in the liver. This
information is important with diagnosing the disease. Another disease, such as hemochromatosis
also exhibit high levels of iron in the body. With this knowledge, when diagnosing patients,
physicians should test for both diseases to avoid wrong medical

Metallic Copper Lab

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