Developmental Stuttering Research Paper

Developmental Stuttering Research Paper
a communication disorder which begins during childhood and belongs to speech fluency. Concurrently Margrain (2011) defines stuttering as "a
communication disorder which can include repetitions, prolongations, or having blocks, with no sound, in speech. Another name for stuttering is
stammering. Some individuals refer to a particular type of stuttering as "developmental stuttering". Others refer to stuttering as a "syndrome" focusing
on symptoms that may exist in any stuttering individual. Margrain (2011) articulate that many people who stutter present beside the core behavior
another behaviors referred to as secondary behaviors these behaviors are vary from person to person. The first two secondary behaviors are often to
appear
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A Reflection On Care For Parkinson 's Disease
A REFLECTION ON CARE FOR PARKINSON'S DISEASE
Introduction Parkinson disease (PD) and related disorders (PRD) are conditions that influence elderly individuals with most extreme pervasiveness and
occurrence rates inside of the age group of 75–85 years. Presence of several other co morbidities associated can eventually affect on the independence
and also the life quality (Margarita et al, 2010). Parkinsonism is also a very common disease condition in the elderly population, especially the
elderly with associated dementia (Friedman et al, 2004). Parkinsonism is neurologic progressive disorder which is induced by dopamine generating
neurons loss in the substantia nigra of the brain (Schapira et al, 2010). The reduced level of dopamine produces a wide range of motor symptoms like
the resting tremor, slow movement of the limbs, muscle rigidity and mask like expressions on the face also known as hypomimia (Cotton and Hesters,
2012). Parkinsonism is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative condition (Nolden, , Tartavoulle & Porche, 2014). In addition to these
characteristic motor symptoms it will also be accompanied by cognitive problems, sleep disorders, gastrointestinal problems and also mood disorders
(Lindahl and MacMahon, 2012). A qualified Nurse can help such a resident/ patient to manage their illness by making certain changes in the
prescription whenever necessary, by monitoring their condition and also by bringing issues to light about Parkinsonism and its care.

Deep Brain Case Study
1.Deep Brain Stimulation for Essential Tremor and Parkinson's Disease. Effective on or after April 1, 2003, Medicare covers unilateral or bilateral
thalamic ventralis intermedius nucleus (VIM) *chronic electrical stimulation* Deep brain stimulation (DBS) for the treatment of essential tremor
(ET) and/or Parkinsonian tremor and unilateral or bilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) only under certain conditions. DBS devices will be considered
only if they are FDA approved for (DBS). Must have a disabling extremity tremor of at least a level 3 or 4 on the Tremor Rating Scale (TRS) The scale
is rated 0–4. The ability and willingness to cooperate during conscious operative procedure, post–surgical evaluations, adjustments of medications and
stimulator settings. I believe this should absolutely be covered as Parkinson's Disease is highly disabling from the tremors. If deep brain stimulation
works, then people should have this option.
2. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Induced Lesions of Nerve Tracts. This is a longstanding national coverage determination (NCD) Surgery to remove lesions on nerve tracts that involve
destruction of nerve tissue are mainly determined for controlling the chronic or acute pain originating from conditions like terminal cancer or lumbar
degenerative arthritis. Payment may be considered for denervation procedures to manage chronic low back pain (LBP)
3.Noncontact Normothermic Wound Therapy (NNWT) is a device proclaimed to promote wound healing by warming a wound to a predetermined
temperature. This device consists of a noncontact wound cover where a flexible, battery powered, infrared heating card is inserted. Although
insufficient or clinical evidence to consider this device as reasonable and necessary for the treatment of wounds within the meaning of
В§1862(a)(1)(A) of the Social Security Act and will not be covered by

What Is The Pathophysiology For John's Case
John is 63 years old who receives home care by an occupational therapist twice a week for his resting tremor. John and his therapist are working on
maintaining joint flexibility and balance, so John can continue to write, use the computer, and cook simple meals. John is able to ambulate when his
wife assists by walking slowly beside him, holding his arm. Sometimes, his wife helps him open his prescription bottles, so he can take his levodopa
and carbidopa. The following paragraphs will explain the pathophysiology behind John's case. Parkinson disease (PD) is a degenerative disorder of the
basal ganglia, manifested by combination of resting tremor, increased muscle rigidity, bradykinesia or slowness of movement, gait disturbances, and
impaired

Parkinson's Disease Article Analysis
Parkinson's Disease is a very well–known, incurable, disease of the nervous system. It has many symptoms that are both motor and non–motor. The
main symptom of Parkinson's disease would be tremors of the body and stiffness. One of the believed non–motor symptoms that this article covers is
weight change. It has been discovered that patients with non–tremor dominant subtypes are more prone to severe motor symptoms. These types of
patients are also shown to succumb to the disease much quicker than those that have tremors. This article depicts if there is any weight change in the
patients that are not using any medication; considering that some medicines can have this side–effect. Between May and December of 2012, patients
that were not on medication

Tremor Case Study Essay
MRgFUS effectiveness
In 2012 Elias et al. presented the first clinical trial of MRgFUS application in ET treatment. The study was conducted at the University of Virginia on
15 ET patients who had significantly exacerbated symptoms of ET which complicated their normal activities and who did not show significant
improvement after long–term pharmacotherapy. Similar to many of the DBS studies, effectiveness of tremor suppression was measured using a
Clinical Rating Scale for Tremor to calculate the total score (ranging from 0 to 160), hand subscore (primary outcome, ranging from 0 to 32), and
disability subscore (ranging from 0 to 32), with higher scores indicating worse tremor. The Quality of Life in Essential Tremor Questionnaire was used
to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
published a non–randomized trial, in which 11 patients were recruited to undergo unilateral MRgFUS and neuroimaging in order to assess the efficacy
and safety of the procedure. Tremor severity and functional impairment/disability were assessed at baseline, one week, one month, three months, and
six months after the procedure. Eight of the eleven patients who completed the trail showed immediate and sustained improvements in tremors lasting
to the 6–month evaluation period. These eight patients reported improvement in Parts A and B involving clinician/investigator rating of tremor severity
with the patient writing, drawing spirals, pouring water, and other physical exam tasks. These eight patients also showed marked improvement in Part
C of the CRST relating to patient–reported disability due to tremor. However, treatment was not completed for the remaining three patients as
MRgFUS failed to achieve a sufficient temperature, resulting in poor lesion and tremor capture. Furthermore, Chang et al. discovered neuroimaging
changes where the lesions disappeared after 1 month; questioning the relationship between skull thickness and adequate heating to produce an effective
lesion. Still, the authors concluded that these results demonstrated that MRgFUS is a safe, effective and less invasive surgical method for treating
medication–refractory

Symptoms Of Parkinson 's Disease
Some people may know what Parkinson's Disease is but not what it is capable of. Many may not even be aware that Parkinson's Disease exists.
Michele Tagliati, Gary N. Guten, and Jo Horne explain that "Parkinson's Disease is a disease in a group of conditions called movement disorders ––
disorders that result from a loss of the brain's control on voluntary movement" (10). With this being said, a neurotransmitter in the brain called
Dopamine sends signals to regions in the brain that are the control base of balance, movement, and coordination. Unfortunately, in a patient with
Parkinson's Disease the cells that produce Dopamine die quicker than in a healthy person. The number of people afflicted with Parkinson's is rising. "It
is... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The symptoms are the factors for diagnosing Parkinson's. The four major physical impairments in Moderate Parkinson's Disease are tremors,
Bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability. To begin, the first major physical impairment in Moderate Parkinson's Disease is tremors. Sharee A.
Wiggins and RelayHealth explain, "Parkinsonian tremors are slow rhythmic, shaking movements. They are most obvious and bothersome when
your hands are at rest. These kinds of movements are linked to the brain disorder called Parkinson's Disease (par. 1). Tremors that occur in
Parkinson's Disease are the most common symptom. These occur due to the lack of Dopamine in the brain. This rather irritating symptom is
present in most Parkinson's patients. Normally this symptom occurs early in the disease. Tremors occur mostly in the hands and fingers, but can
also show in the head, tongue, voice, trunk, and legs. According to Abraham N. Lieberman and Frank L. Williams, "Tremor is the most obvious
symptom in Parkinson's disease, affecting about 75 percent of all patients. Tremor generally occurs early in the course of the disease, but may never
occur in all patients" (173). Tremors normally will occur on one side of the body, but as the disease progresses it can reach to more of the body
affecting all body parts, such as the lips, jaw, and tongue. The diagnosis of

Parkinson's Disease Paper
PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2 Parkinson's disease is classified as a progressive subcortical neurodegenerative disease (Atchison & Dirette, 2012). "It is
considered the second most common neurodegenerative disease" (Atchison & Dirette, 2012, p. 213). The disease is a complex hypokinetic type with
varying symptoms and unknown etiology. The purpose of the paper is to demonstrate a summary of the condition such as the characteristics, incidence
and prognosis. The paper will demonstrate the cause and the disease process associated with the condition along with a review of the literature
regarding the effectiveness of current treatments.

Action Tremor: The Three Types Of Dystonic T
Action Tremor
As indicated, action tremor takes place only when an affected body part is moving to change position intentionally. Action tremor is subdivided into
three types: cerebellar lesion, rubral tremor, and psychogenic tremor. Cerebellar lesions and rubral tremors are discussed in the paragraphs below
(Grimaldi & Manto, 2013).
Cerebellar lesion. A cerebellar lesion is atremor related to cerebellar disorders. It happens after a patient suffers a stroke that causes cerebellum
damage. The damage to the cerebellum impairs muscle coordination and deactivates the brain's control of a body part's movement. It is mainly
composed of low frequency oscillations. This can lead to an inability to coordinate balance while walking, and trouble stabilizing ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Dystonic tremor is a type of tremor that can affect any individual under any age. This disease takes place in conjunction with a neurological disorder
called dystonia. When incorrect message from the brain affects some muscles, it results in abnormal movements of body parts. Its amplitude and
frequency are unknown.
Orthostatic tremor. Orthostatic tremor is described by periodic muscle contractions that take place in the legs and trunk instantly after standing. Its
amplitude and frequency are unknown.
Differences Between Essential Tremor and Parkinson's Disease
Essential tremor, as described earlier, is not only considered the most widespread of abnormal neurological diseases, but also the most widespread
among all other tremor diseases. Parkinson's disease is rest tremor that is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, originally described by James
Parkinson in 1817. According to the Mayo Clinic, many people confused ET and PD, though they differ in many aspects:
Genetic. Many cases of ET occur in family while PD never transfer in family and is caused by the damage of neurons in the brain.
Associated conditions. ET causes other health problems, but PD is associated with a stooped posture, slow movement, and a shuffling gait. However,
people with ET may sometimes develop other neurological signs and symptoms, such as an unsteady gait called ataxia (Mansur et al.,

ParkinsonвЂ™s Disease Essay
Parkinson's Disease is known as one of the most common progressive and chronic neurodegenerative disorders. It belongs to a group of conditions
known as movement disorders. Parkinson disease is a component of hypokinetic disorder because it causes a decreased in bodily movement. It
affects people who are usually over the age of 50. It can impair an individual motor as well as non–motor function. Some of the primary symptoms of
Parkinson's disease are characterized by tremors or trembling in hands, legs and arms. In early symptoms the tremor can be unilateral, appearing in one
side of body but progression in the disease can cause it to spread to both sides; rigidity or a resistant to movement affects most people with Parkinson's
disease, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Dopamine is a brain chemical/Neurotransmitter that work as messenger signal between the Substantia Nigra to the next relay station of the brain, the
corpus striatum which helps to produce smooth coordinate movement and also plays a major role to help control muscle's movement. With Parkinson's
disease, the brain cells that produce dopamine slowly die, which lead to decrease production of Dopamine. The loss of dopamine causes abnormal
nerve firing with brain and the cells that control muscle's movement by sending the messages to the muscles; due to this it becomes really hard to
control muscles movement and cause tremors and various other symptoms such as rigidity and difficulty walking and performing daily tasks.
Dopamine is not the only neurotransmitter involved in Parkinson's Disease. Norepinephrine is very relatively close to dopamine and is also involved
in Parkinson's Disease. Individuals with Parkinson's Disease have loss of nerve ending that produce norepinephrine. Norepinephrine is a major
neurotransmitter for sympathetic nervous system, which control many autonomic functions of our body; it causes increase in blood pressure and heart
rate. Loss of norepinephrine can help us explain the non–motor symptoms associated with Parkinson's Disease such as fatigue, decrease in gastric
stability and disruption in cognition. Parkinson's Disease can be hereditary

1960: The First Earthquake In Chile
1960, the first tremor of a series hits Valdivia, Chile. By the time they end, the quakes and their aftereffects kill 5,000 people and leave another 2
million homeless. Registering a magnitude of 7.6, the first earthquake was powerful and killed several people. It turned out to be only a foreshock,
however, to one of the most powerful tremors ever recorded.
3:11 p.m. the following afternoon, an 8.5–magnitude quake rocked southern Chile. The epicenter of this tremendous shaking was just off the coast
under the Pacific Ocean. There, the Nazca oceanic plate plunged 50 feet down under the South American plate. The earthquake caused huge landslides
of debris down the mountains of the region, as well as a series of tsunamis in the coastal region

The Cure Of Parkinson 's Disease
Abstract
Parkinson 's is a very complex subject since there is still no cure and heredity still can 't be proven. As a CNA you are expected to know that there
are different diseases with different needs. Parkinson 's has many signs and symptoms. If tremors are noticeable it is best to get a check up, but just
because you show signs it is no reason to self diagnose. Before Parkinson 's begins you can always try to prevent it. Who knew caffeine could
prevent Parkinson 's. Although Parkinson 's can be prevented, there are still some things that make you more prone to getting Parkinson 's. Some
things include age and heredity. Science is always changing and you never know what things can be invented to stop Parkinson 's or maybe even reverse
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Parkinson's is a disease that is believed to be a neurological disease. This disease is caused by the dopamine in the brainstem and cerebellum, and the
brain stems inability to produce enough dopamine. There are many signs that tell people Parkinson 's is present, and although there is a cure, it
doesn 't always work. As a Certified nursing student there are many things we can do to help a patient or resident with Activities of daily living. As a
CNA it is a great idea to know more in depth about diseases to better help residents and patients.
Signs and Symptoms: Parkinson's like many diseases can be detected if you notice the things that 's most patients with Parkinson 's have. Although
these signs to conclude Parkinson 's having one sign or symptom is not enough to diagnose that you may or may not have Parkinson 's. One of the
most common of theses signs and symptoms is tremors, which means "uncontrolled trembling" (Hegner, Acello, Caldwell, 2008). The trembling
usually starts at the fingers and moves up the arm, until eventually is reaches both arms. In the case of the legs, the tremors would start at the toes and
moves up the leg to the thighs. Tremors can also be in the head and the jaw. The next thing to notice in a person with Parkinson 's Muscular rigidity
which means "loss of flexibility" (Hegner, Acello, Caldwell, 2008) in the muscles. The muscles in the body become less stretchable and limits the

Open Nephrectomy
Open Nephrectomy: Nephrectomy (nephro = kidney, ectomy = removal) is the surgical removal of a kidney. The procedure is done to treat kidney
cancer as well as other kidney diseases and injuries. The surgeon makes a cut (incision) in the abdomen or in the side of the abdomen (flank area). A
rib may need to be removed to perform the procedure. The ureter (the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder) and the blood vessels are
cut away from the kidney and the kidney is removed. The incision is then closed with stitches (National Kidney Foundation, 2015).
Nursing Considerations: Risk of Infection: Instruct to report signs and symptoms to the physician, including manifestations of infection (fever, general
malaise, fatigue), redness, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Prophylaxis and treatment of various thromboembolic disorders including: VTE, and PE. Prevention of thrombus formation. Nursing considerations:
Assess for signs of bleeding (bleeding gums, nosebleed, unusual bleeding) or bruising. Instruct patient in correct technique for self infection, care and
disposal of equipment *JL would most likely be going home on heparin injections so this is pertinent to him*
Hydrochlorothiazide 25mg PO: Antihypertensive, Diuretics. Increases excretion of sodium and water by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the distal
tubule. Lowering BP in hypertensive patients and diuresis with mobilization of edema. Nursing Considerations: Monitor BP, intake, output, and daily
weight and assess legs, feet and sacral area for edema. Monitor electrolyte balances to assess hypokalemia.
Ramipril 10mg PO: Antihypertensive, ACE inhibitor.
Reduction of the risk of MI, stroke and death from cardiovascular disease in patients at risk. ACE inhibitors block the conversion of angiotensin I to the
vasoconstrictor angiotensin II. ACE inhibitors also increase plasma renin levels and decrease aldosterone levels. Nursing Considerations: Monitor BP
and pulse frequently. Assess patient for signs of angioedema. Monitor BUN, creatinine, and electrolyte levels

Case Study: Chief Complaint
Chief Complaint
Tremor and abnormal MRI.
History
Patient is a 65–year–old right–handed white male who has been having trouble with sleep apnea. ENT is planning to do some septal surgery and in
preparation for this, he had a CT of the sinuses. This revealed a possible right corona radiata lesion. He has had an MRI to better outline that lesion.
It reveals within the mid right corona radiata there is an 8 x 9 mm dark T1 and T2 weighted nodule with slightly higher central signal and no
enhancement. There is no evidence for vessel extending to this area. This area also blooms on several sequences and is dark on the gradient weighted
sequences, suspicious for calcification or hemosiderin. Also, there is a posterior left nasopharynx, a lobulated ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
It is intermittently worse and he does not want to be on a medication on a daily basis. He is wondering if there is anything he could take during
those periods of time when the tremor is worse. I did discuss the possibility of a low dose Inderal to be taken p.r.n. We both agreed that we should wait
until after his cardiology evaluation for his bradycardia. Also the patient was told that there is a possibility that he is going in and out of atrial
fibrillation. This cardiac evaluation may or may not have an effect on how we proceed with the right corona radiata lesion. To me this looks like
an old bleed, possibly a bleed into a cavernous hemangioma. If, indeed he is in atrial fibrillation and may have to go on Coumadin, we do need to
better identify the vasculature involved with this lesion. Therefore, I am going to set him up for CT angiogram to make sure that he does not have
any evidence for aneurysm or other obvious vascular malformations would be at increased risk of bleeding, if he is put on Coumadin. Another
possibility is that if he does have atrial fibrillation, it is possible that this lesion could have been a small cerebral emboli that

A Study On Lift Labs
Liftware Spoon Background
Lift Labs is a company founded by Anupam Pathak which developed a spoon called Liftware Stabiliser (Rushe, 2014) which is designed to
counteract the the physiological tremor and shaking associated with Parkinson's disease (Neckar, 2014). The company was acquired by Google in
September 2014 and integrated into the life sciences division of Google X (Dougherty, 2014).
The Liftware stabilising handle (which can attach spoon, fork and soup spoons) contains motion sensors (an accelerometer) (Gruneisen, 2013) that
detect hand motion, and a small onboard computer distinguishes unwanted hand tremors from the intended movement of the hand. The computer
directs two motions in the handle to move the utensil attachment in the opposite direction of any detected tremor, therefore counteracting any tremors,
stabilising the utensil (Liftware, 2014) and reducing the shaking by up to 70% (Mashable, 2013).
Google launched the spoon in November 2014, costing $295 USD (Rushe, 2014).
Opportunities identified in the MarketвЂЁ
When developing a new product or service it is important to consider the opportunities in the market. In delivering new or innovative products into the
market, firms must employ a series of activities that are outlined in the New Product Development process (Koen et al, 2007). Peter Koen et al.
provides a five–step front–end activity called front–end innovation: 'opportunity identification, opportunity analysis, idea genesis, idea selection, and

Parkinson's Tremors
What is Parkinson's?
Like such a variety of maladies, Parkinson's remaining parts a conundrum, regardless of our proceeded with restorative advances. It is dynamic, which
implies it deteriorates after some time. There is no cure. We additionally don't have the foggiest idea about its cause. There are, be that as it may, some
treatment alternatives, including prescription and even surgery. The huge takeaways for what Parkinson's is are:
It is neurological.According to the study of best neurologist in NYC; Parkinson's outcomes from a chemical imbalance inside the basal ganglia, a
structure inside the brainstem. Neurons in that locale that are in charge of making the substance dopamine, which sends signs to start development, are
murdered. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It by and large is most conspicuous when the hand is resting and loose. After some time it frequently goes to the inverse hand or to the leg on a
similar side of the body. Head tremors are not exceptionally regular in Parkinson's but rather a chin tremor can be seen reasonably much of the time.
Parkinson's tremors are by and large regarded with an indistinguishable prescriptions from different manifestations of the infection. A medicine called
trihexyphenidyl or Artane is utilized solely to treat tremor. It is the best prescription for tremor, yet must be utilized with alert as it can bring about
issues with disarray and make pee troublesome.
Notwithstanding tremors, we likewise observe dyskinesias in people with Parkinson's malady. Dyskinesias, otherwise called chorea, are even more a
streaming, move like development that is not cadenced. The term chorea really originates from the Greek work choreia, which means Dance. These
happen for the most part somewhat later in the illness course and are because of a blend of the malady itself and the solutions (fundamentally
levodopa) used to treat the

Parkinson 's Disease And The Disease
Parkinson's disease is a chronic disorder of the nervous system with a gradual onset that primarily affects the body's motor system. The symptoms of
the disease are mainly caused by the death of dopamine–producing cells in the midbrain. Dopamine is an important neurotransmitter that, among other
things, is responsible for playing a role in how the brain controls bodily movements. Therefore, the cardinal symptoms of the disease are movement
related, including tremor and rigid, jerky movements. Parkinson's is a progressive disease, meaning it gets worse over time, until it eventually leads to
complete disability. Parkinson's is a fairly common disease, and several well–known people, such as actor Michael J. Fox and boxer Muhammad Ali
have... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Parkinson's disease produces both motor symptoms and nonmotor symptoms. There are four cardinal motor symptoms of Parkinson's: tremor,
rigidity, bradykinesia (slow movements), and postural instability. Tremor is the most obvious symptom of Parkinson's, as well as the most common.
The tremor is uncontrollable and is most noticeable when the limb is at rest; when the limb is in use, the tremor disappears. Often times, the tremor
only affects the hand or foot on one side of the body, but it can eventually become bilateral. Rigidity is characterized as stiffness and resistance to
movement in the limbs. The arms, legs, face, and back are areas commonly affected. Early on, rigidity can cause joint pain, often in the shoulder.
Bradykinesia is one of the most common symptoms of Parkinson's. It is described as slowness and difficulty in initiating and making movements,
especially repetitive movements and fine motor skills, such as writing. Bradykinesia greatly affects the ability of the Parkinson's sufferer to perform
common activities of daily life, like getting dressed. According to Nolden (2015), postural instability is the imbalance and loss of righting reflexes.
This is usually a symptom that shows up in the late stages of Parkinson's. Postural instability is linked with high rates of hip fractures in people with
Parkinson's disease, due to increased falls. Aside from the four cardinal motor symptoms, there are secondary motor symptoms that go

The Symptoms Of Parkinson's Disease
Parkinson's Disease is a movement disorder that gets worse and worse over time. Parkinson's is mainly found in older people. It is where significant
neurons of the brain begin to malfunction and die. Parkinson's typically affects the neurons in the substantia nigra part of the brain. Some of these
important neurons produce a chemical called dopamine that sends signals to the primary motor cortex portion of the brain to control movement. The
amount of this chemical decreases as PD advances, causing the individual to lose control over their movement and coordination. There are a few
different kinds of symptoms to PD, motor symptoms and nonmotor symptoms. Motor symptoms even get more detailed into primary and secondary
motor symptoms.

Argumentative Essay On Deep Brain Stimulators
There are many illnesses, pertaining to both medical and psychological, that affect the health and wellbeing of countless other people. Some examples
of these types of diseases would be Parkinson's disease and obsessive–compulsive disorder. While the effects of the disease can be suppressed by
pharmaceutical means, there comes a point when medicine is simply not enough. This in turn led to the usage of deep brain stimulators to help
ameliorate problems that medicine could not. Although implementing deep brain stimulators is a new procedure that has been in practice since over
twenty years ago, many experts agree that using them is not a panacea because there can be many problems from them. Since deep brain stimulators
are recently new in the medical field, there are positive and negative effects still being discovered. To begin with, according to an article written by
Lyons, MD, "Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has developed during the past 20 years as a remarkable treatment option for several ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
There are two specific sites inside the brain have been most commonly targeted for deep–brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease are the subthalamic
nucleus and the internal segment of the globus pallidus (Okun 2012). Both are nuclei in the basal ganglia, where a majority of degenerative change in
Parkinson's disease occurs (Okun 2012). There are many adverse effects from having deep brain stimulators implanted; the two that stand out are
infection and intracranial hemorrhage. These are a major problem as they can be the reason why deep brain stimulators are removed. While deep brain
stimulators can be very helpful, the safeness and outcome are not set in stone and one should be careful considering it for

Cause And Symptoms Of Parkinson's Disease
1. Introduction / Description of the Disease Parkinson's disease is a disease of the central nervous system that affects movement, causing widespread
tremors along with other symptoms. It is a result of the loss of dopamine–releasing cells in the midbrain, specifically the substantia nigra pars
compacta. There are many theories as to how Parkinson's disease develops, including the possibility of genetic mutations, certain toxins in the
environment, and oxidative stress. The vast majority of Parkinson's patients are males older than fifty; however, there are cases of Parkinson's disease
in children as young as thirteen. Symptoms of Parkinson's disease include isolated or widespread tremors, stiffness, and slowing of movement. There...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is caused by the loss of dopamine receptors in the midbrain. There have been some links to genetic mutation and toxic environments, but the
evidence overall is inconclusive. Majority of people with Parkinson's are males over the age of sixty, but there are also cases of juvenile Parkinson's
disease. Parkinson's disease can cause widespread tremors, stiffness in the neck and limbs, trouble walking, and slowing of movement. There is no
standard test to diagnose Parkinson's, but physicians can run a series of tests based on the information the patient has given them. It can be treated
through medication and surgery. Parkinson's disease is not fatal, but patients will be on medication for the rest of their lives. There are currently no
ways to prevent Parkinson's disease. There are also no cures, but there is extensive research going into stem cells and fetal cell

Parkinson's Disease Research Paper
Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, it recognised as a progressive disease because it progresses and worsens over time and
during the disease there is a loss of neurons therefore it is identified as neurodegenerative. In Parkinson's disease there is a loss of particular neurons
called dopamine neurons, dopamine neurons are able to produce a signalling chemical, dopamine. This chemical is important for allowing the body to
make normal movements, primarily dopamine neurons are found in the substantia nigra area of the brain, it is located in the mid brain above the spinal
cord; when these neurons are lost there is a reduction in the amount of dopamine in the brain.
There are four main, movement symptoms associated ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When the neurons begin to break down an individual's smell can be affected due to neurons in the old factory part of the brain not functioning
properly. The person may not be able to smell at all or have trouble distinguishing different smells, problems with the nose and smell are common in
Parkinson's disease and can be one of the first signs. The frontal lobe and the limbic system region of the brain work together to assist with a person's
mood and deal with mood related functions, consequently when the neurones in this region have trouble with communications and they breakdown it
can cause depression, anxiety and apathy. It is possible as of a combination of these moods or other symptoms the person can begin to have problems
with sleep and as a result can make other symptoms worse. Other non–movement symptoms can include becoming forgetful and difficulty multitasking
overtime this can worsen and develop into dementia. Parkinson's disease can have an effect on the autonomic nervous system, the system that controls
functions in the body automatically, such as digesting food, controlling heart rate or keeping the body at the right temperature. When the neurons in
this system stop communicating properly the person with Parkinson's disease may experience constipation because food is not being digested
correctly, light headedness as a result of the heart rate not adjusting to physical change or persistent sweating due to the body not regulating temperature
properly. Each person diagnosed with Parkinson's disease experiences different individual symptoms and some symptoms may be greater than

Essential Tremor Case Study
Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) are two of the most common movement disorders. However, misdiagnosis often exists between
the two disorders because both often present with action tremor and slow movement. Currently, few tests exist to aid physicians in distinguishing
these two disorders when diagnosing a patient. Though similar, discernable differences exist between the two. For instance, while up to 20% of
patients with ET develop PD at some point, PD rarely has a family history (less than 10% of cases); whereas ET generally does have a family history
(more than 50% of cases show a family history of "familial tremor").2
Parkinsonian Syndromes
PD is characterized as a progressive neurological disorder affecting the nervous ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, in the heredodegenerative form of the disorder, the dystonia is more complex and often the result of a different neurodegenerative disorder
that stems from genetic mutations. Examples of non–related neurodegenerative disorders that can cause heredodegenerative parkinsonism are Wilson's
disease, Huntington's, and X–linked dystonia.8 Hence, the here– prefix signifying the role of a person's hereditary, this form of parkinsonism may be
paternally inherited.8 Though the role of a person's genetics may (generally) contribute to the cause of heredodegenerative parkinsonism there usually
is not a defined cause for this form of parkinsonism. This is usually very difficult to diagnose in its early stages.8 After onset, life expectancy is
usually only a few

Michael J. Fox: Brave, Strong, And Inspirational?
Brave, Strong, and Inspirational, are words that describe Michael J. Fox because he is a person who dealt with Parkinson's which is a progressive
disease of the nervous system marked by tremor, muscular rigidity, and slow, imprecise movement, chiefly affecting middle
–aged and elderly people.
And he was brave,strong, and inspirational and to all people who were diagnosed with Parkinson's he was their inspiration to come out of hiding.
Although he was born in Canada, he started out small like every other actor. Fox's teacher told him about a show on Canadian Broadcasting Company
(CBC) Fox would play the part of a bright ten year old boy. In 1995 he graduated and got his High school diploma and started his part as bright ten year
old in Leo and Me. Leo and Me aired for two years afterwards he did some radio and stage work like Shadow box. Fox's family was supportive, but
they did not believe in him, but his grandmother did believe in him. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Fox played a part as a grandson of actors Art Carney and Maureen Stapleton in a move called Letters from Frank. This encouraged him to move to
Hollywood to try more acting jobs and he left everything to start a new life in acting in Hollywood. After competing with hundreds of actors he got
a part in Family Ties. After a while in 1986 he won an Emmy for his part on family ties. At the end of the season of Family Ties he starred in a movie
called Back to The Future this was all before Parkinson's and Michael and he was becoming a star.
" However", Fox went back to Spin City the new season and while filming noticed something was wrong with his hands they were shaking so he went
to the doctor. Doctors tested him and they found out he had Parkinson's disease. It was "an" abnormal "diagnosis" because he was only in his 30s "and
most people are older that have Parkinson's disease." Fox would have to take medicine to help stop

Roy Tremor-Personal Narrative
As the evening fell the dark blue night rose up across the sky. Roy Tremor laid under the stars in his back yard as he did every night with his dog
Mabel. Mabel was approaching an old age but she was still a great listener. Usually he told Mabel about his day, but tonight he told her about his
mom. His mom passed away in a car accident when he was only a baby, she was the most loving person he knew, and he missed her everyday. As he
lay talking, curled up next to Mabel he could feel his eyes getting heavier and heavier as the warm summer breeze brushed against his face. Roy was a
loving boy, he took care of others without any thought of himself. Thats why when the opportunity came about to save his mother, he didn't think
twice. He was looking in the bathroom mirror as he was getting ready for school, combing through his short sandy brown hair and washing his tan skin
when he saw lightning. He approached the door with caution, when he opened it he saw nothing. He closed it and returned to the mirror, although this
time he couldn't see himself, he was too short. He eventually gave up and walked to the kitchen for breakfast, he saw his mom standing near the
counter and talking on the phone. He... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Roy was realizing he had the ability to fit in with the time. Because it was clearly before 2008, when his mom died, he transformed into a toddler.
Obviously he assumed this had something with his mothers death, so he began to wander around the house looking for news papers with dates. Then
he found one with the date of the crash he began to stall his mother. The best way he thought he could inconvenience his mom was to make a mess and
knock things over so thats what he did. His mom did not end up leaving the house until night time and roy had hoped he had done enough to interfere
with the timing of the

Jitteriness: Tremors In Newborn Obstacles
I have gone through your question and understand your concern. From the given details, I consider the baby was born with no complications at birth
and is doing good. Let me give you a slight insight to what this shaking could be, the term Jitteriness refers to tremors in newborns. It is the
representation of an exaggerated startle response. It is often confused for seizures (also known as convulsion and fits), which naturally unnerves the
parents. It is the most common involuntary movement seen in infants, which disappears completely as they mature. The neuro–development of the
babies with No other overt neurological sign but tremulousness is generally good, especially when their is no history of complications during
pregnancy, or immediately

Neurological Disorder : Parkinson 's Disease
Neurological Disorder: Parkinson's Disease One of the most commonly seen neurological disorders is Parkinson's disease (PD). Named after the
doctor who first identified the disease as "the shaking palsy" Dr James Parkinson (1755–1824), Parkinson's disease affects over 1 million Americans
today. On average around 60,000 Americans are diagnosed with Parkinson's disease annually. This is an alarming number of new cases but what is
even more startling is the fact that thousands of cases go undetected each year as well. PD is a clinical diagnosis with no definitive diagnostic test to
identify the disease. The question may arise, what exactly is Parkinson's disease? Parkinson's disease is a progressive degenerative neurological
disorder, which means that it gets worse over time. PD is more common with increasing age affecting 1% of the population above 55, with 4–10% of
cases having early onset before the age of 40 (XXXX). The average age of onset ranges between 58–62 years old and is more common in men than
women. The disease itself is defined by the presence of lewy bodies in neurons and a loss of dopamine. Degenerative changes to the basal ganglia
affect the nerve cells in the substantia niagra that produce dopamine. This results in a decrease in the production of dopamine that is getting to the
brain. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter involved with regulating movement making early signs of PD primarily motor impairments and progression of
this disease can range from

Types And Symptoms Of Parkinson's Disease
Many people wonder how Parkinson's disease can affect people's lives. First, Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological disorder which is made up
of three types of PD that are not so different. (Medifocus Guide Book on Parkinson's) These types of PD have many symptoms and can be hard to
control in everyday life. This is challenge that physically makes life harder. People with PD do anything they can to help with their disorder.
To start, there isn't just one type of Parkinson's disease, but actually three. The first type of PD is Adult–Onset Parkinson's. People with this type are
usually ages sixty and older. Parkinson can get worse as a person gets to the seventies and eighties. (Medifocus) This is the most common type of
Parkinson's. It can ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
People classified under this type are ages twenty and below. There are not many people who can help those with Juvenile PD because there are very
few people with this case. (Juvenile Parkinson's) Some people try deep brain stimulation (DBS) to help with this type of disease. If doing DBS works,
you can help one of the main symptoms, tremors, and make it almost unnoticeable. With all types of Parkinson's, there are other symptoms that come
with this disease too.
There are many symptoms when it comes to having Parkinson's disease. The first of the types are motor symptoms. The most common, but major
symptom of PD is dyskinesias or tremors. Tremors is when you have little, uncontrollable movement in you body, such as in your arms, in your legs,
and even in your face. Also medicines such as MAO–B inhibitors, COMT inhibitors, and others can cause dyskinesias to get worse and put you in a
not so good position. (Lazarus Motor)
Another motor symptom that comes with PD is speech. Ninety percent of people with Parkinson's disease notice change in their speech. (Roberts)
Also people with the speech symptom have quieter voices. Sometimes this symptom can make someone's speech so bad, that they would have to get a
device that helps speak. (Roberts) Some devices are voice amplifiers and devices that actually speak for

Gc Development Case Study Examples
G.C. Development. G.C. is a five–year–old girl who is outgoing and loves to talk. She is in Erikson's third stage of development Initiative versus Guilt
(Ward & Hisley, 2016). G.C. is expressive and likes to dress up like a princess. G.C. is often upset by siblings not wanting to play with her or follow
her ideas, but she displays knowing right from wrong. Although young, G.C. is eager to pick up her younger sister, O.C. and play with her. This often
causes O.C. to become upset because G.C. has a difficult time being gentle with her even though her intentions are right. When in her element, G.C.
loves to smiles, hug, and spend time with people.
When asking her a question or telling her to explain something, she will happily explain ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Complementary describes the couple's relationship when they maximize the potential of one another by serving through designated roles. J.C. seeks to
lead his family and has the final say in the large decisions. He and A.C. have mutual respect and value in their relationship.
J.C. says he and A.C. have an atypical marriage as they do not see one another often but have learned to make their schedule work well. J.C. and
A.C. may see one another early in the morning or for an hour late at night and some weekend days but not a lot more. I inquired if their demanding
schedule worked in caring for their relationship. J.C. replied, "Yes. We try to remember this is a life stage, when I was in residency we had time to
walk to the movies or go out to eat. Now it is a lot different with children, but we are ok with it."
The children help their mother with chores three times a day after rolling dice in the morning to determine who serves in which area for the remainder
of the day. Chores include laundry, dishes, sweeping the floor, picking up toys, wiping off the counters, and taking out the garbage. They have taken
turns rotating chores for two months. A.C. said, "Their doing chores has lifted such a burden off of

Does Hand Tremor Affects Many Parts Of The Body
INTRODUCTION Hand tremor affects millions of people worldwide. Tremor is defined as an unintended, rhythmic muscle movement. According to
Plumb and Bain (2006), tremor is one of the most spread disease among the population of patients diagnosed with movement illnesses (p. 75). This is
one of the reasons why medical scientists take tremor so seriously. Tremor can affect different parts of the body, including hands, legs, head, or face.
In the worst situations, tremor can affect voice and swallowing, but most tremor cases occur in the hands. Although many studies suggest tremors are
caused by damage in the complex nerves pathway of the brain, the real cause of tremors is unknown (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and
Stroke, 2012). Some tremor cases are described as familial tremors, wherein the patient gets the gene from a parent and develops the disease, which
runs in the family. An example of this is Essential Tremor (ET), which affects... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Department of Health and Human Services, in some patients, tremor happens in conjunction with a neurological disorder, while in other patients it
happens due to use of certain drugs. Nevertheless, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (2012), notes "The most common form
of tremor, however, occurs in otherwise largely healthy people" (para. 1). Although most tremors neither cause severe health problems nor threaten
life, most patients experience many difficulties in performing daily activities. It is very embarrassing to many people, especially older individuals.
Tremor may lessen quality of life, and reduce ability to perform daily life tasks such as eating, drinking, writing, and changing clothing. Some patients
with mild tremor do not visit doctors if tremor does not hinder their daily life activities. Their situations often worsen over time. Tremors can rarely
affect children, and there is no data on the popularity of the disease in childhood (Harvard Medical School,

Essential Tremor
To my host family,
There were so many things that I was never able to tell you when I was in India–so many things that I left unsaid but that you all deserve to know.
Well, I am just going to jump right into in and tell you everything.
I assume that Kakoli ma'am told you that the shaking of my hands and head are from a condition called essential tremors. If she didn't well now
you know. But I think you need some back story to really understand my whole situation. I've had essential tremors for as long as I can remember.
Really the earliest memory I have of someone asking me about it is in grade 2. So it's not new and Iv'e had to live with it for most of my life.
Actually I'm not the only one in my family to have essential tremor–my brother, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Dystonia is basically a movement disorder that causes painful twisting of the neck. I tried medications but none helped and I tried botox
injections but they also did not help. My only other option at the time would have been brain surgery and I decided not to opt for surgery. Before I
came to India I didn't realize how much it affected me. I lived my life in the USA making small adjustments and using coping skills that I didn't
even know I was using. So once I got to India it was shocking to see how much it really affected me and others around me. I though I was over it
before I came to India, I really did. But as it turns out having a chronic condition isn't something I can just get over–it's something I have to continually
deal with. I am thankful for seeing this now and will be going back to the neurologist to hopefully improve my quality of life. There is more though
to the whole situation than just being diagnosed with essential tremor and dystonia. No one in my family except my mom knows I was diagnosed
with dystonia. You see in my family it's shameful to have these conditions so my mom never told anyone and neither did I. Not even my brother or
dad know I have dystonia. My mom and

Parkinson Disease
According to a study by Murdock, Cousins, and Kernohan, these four major signs make Parkinson disease more and more crippling and
life–threatening: resting tremors, Rigidity, Bradykinesia, and Postural instability. 1st sign are Resting tremors. Resting tremors are seen as the
shaking of the limb, even when the person is at rest. Often, the tremor affects only the hand or fingers and the tremors can trigger during any type of
movement of an affected body part. In the early stages of the disease, about 70 % of people experience a slight tremor in the hand or foot on one side
of the body, or less commonly in the jaw or face. The 2nd sign is Rigidity, which causes stiffness and inflexibility of the limbs, neck and trunk. Muscles
normally stretch when they move, and then relax when they are at rest. In... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Rigidity can be very uncomfortable and even painful. Most people with Parkinson's disease don't walk with their arms swinging because of stiff and
rigid muscles. The rigidity also causes the patient to have slow movement. Because muscles are so tight and can't easily move, patients take a long
time moving from step to step because of the associated pain. Another symptom that challenges Parkinson's disease patients is slurred speech. People
have a difficult time understanding what patients are saying. Parkinson's disease can affect a person's voice, causing them to speak softly or have
difficulty forming sounds clearly. The third sign is Bradykinesia, which is one of the most significant problems for Parkinson disease patients.
According to data from robot–assisted gait training, Bradykinesia causes everything the patient does to be slow. Bradykinesia is also expressed as
micrographia (small handwriting), hypomimia (decreased facial expression), decreased blink rate, and hypophonia (soft speech). Bradykinesia causes
difficulty with repetitive movements, such as finger

Dementia and ParkinsonВґs Disease Essay
Parkinson's disease, a type of dementia also known as idiopathic or primary parkinsonism, paralysis agitans, or hypokinetic rigid syndrome/HRS, is
on the rise in the U.S. Each year there are over 60,000 new cases in the U.S. alone. With the average person diagnosed with Parkinson's disease over
the age of 65 and America's rapidly growing elderly population, awareness and concern are becoming significant points of interest for many healthcare
professionals.
Parkinson's disease is caused by the destruction of dopamine–producing nerve cells in the midbrain (Substantia nigra). These nerve cells are used to
coordinate smooth and regular body movement. In the absence of these cells, people often experience tremors (involuntary shaking or ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ultimately Pathak was able to figure out how to make the hardware for cancellation small enough to help those affected by tremors. As a result,
Pathak's research in stabilization has taken the technology in a new direction.
Instead of trying to force the hand to stop moving (which often causes pain and irritation), Liftware stabilizes the object that the person is trying to
hold. This is the first product of its kind that has the ability to constantly steady itself while the user is shaking. Located in the Liftware utensil is a
microchip and sensor that can monitor the direction and force of the tremors. The motion sensor feeds data to the onboard control, separating the
unintended motion (the tremor) from the intended motion (eating). The device is then able to adjust its movements using an actuator to counteract the
users uncontrolled movement. Running on a rechargeable battery similar to the modern electronic toothbrushes, this electronic utensil can last on a
single charge for several days.
In a study conducted at the University of Michigan, researchers tested Liftware on a variety of patients. Before any patient was tested, a neurologist
characterized the tremors of each of the patients. Then each patient was instructed to do simple tasks (eating, gripping items, etc.) with the Liftware
utensil, which had interchangeable parts for both a fork and spoon. The results showed a 75% reduction in tremors in the patients hands on average.
The price for a Liftware

Parkinson Disease Essay
Parkinson disease (PD) is one of the most common neurologic disorders. and it affects approximately 1% of individuals older than 60 years old.
Parkinson's disease is a condition that progresses slowly by treatment. In addition, loss of pigmented dopaminergic neurons of the substantianigra
pars compacta and the presence of Lewy bodies and Lewyneurites are the two major neuropathologic findings in Parkinson disease (Hauser, 2016).
The cause of Parkinson disease, defined by Robert Hauser, who is an author of Medscape, is still unclear. Studies state that there is a combination
of environmental and genetic factors for this particular disease. Approximately 10% of cases are currently genetic causes of Parkinson disease.
Environmental risk factors such as use of pesticides, living in a rural environment, consumption of well water, exposure to herbicides, and
proximity to industrial plants or quarries are commonly associated with the development of Parkinson disease (Hauser, 2016). In addition, according to
Hauser, "genetic factors in Parkinson disease appear to be very important when the disease begins at or before age 50 years. In a study of 193 twins,
overall concordance for MZ and DZ pairs was similar, but in 16 pairs of twins, in whom Parkinson disease was diagnosed at or before age 50 years, all
4 MZ pairs, but only 2 of 12 DZ pairs, was concordant.The identification of a few families with familial Parkinson disease sparked further interest in
the genetics of the disease.

Parkinson's And Essential Tremor: A Case Study
Liftware: Google's Smart Utensil Brings Hope for Those with Parkinson's and Essential Tremors [VIDEO] iving with degenerative diseases is very
disheartening and may get more challenging as time passes. One of the major challenges often associated with diseases like Parkinson's or Essential
Tremor is not having the ability to control trembling hands which makes everything difficult. People with tremors in many cases are uncomfortable and
often embarrassed giving them reasons to isolate themselves from occasions or get–togethers especially when eating is involved.
In a report published in Fast Company, in order to bring back confidence in the affected individuals of the said incurable disease, a company called
Lift Labs thought of a solution to this. Liftware, which can be used as spoon ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The objective of Life Sciences is to "develop new technologies to make health care more proactive" as per Google cofounder Sergey Brin. The
company supervised by CEO Andy Conrad operates on innovations such as smart contact lenses designed to monitor the amount of blood sugar in the
body and nanoparticles which can be used detect cancer.
In August, at the announcement of the group, Brin aspired to "move new technologies from early stage R&D to clinical testing–and,
hopefully–transform the way we detect, prevent, and manage disease."
Liftware is among the first gadgets developed by the group and since it had been already available for purchase before Google's possession, the
company is starting to become associated with a number of new organizations to be certain that the gadget makes it way to those who need it.
Liftware is much more affordable after the company drop the price from $295 to $195.
"The goal is to get this out to as many people who need one, and really facilitate the gift–giving process," says Lift Labs founder and CEO Anupam

Personal Narrative: Hemolytic Anemia
Narrative My son Jimmy is now 10 months old. Just recently I've found out that he has G6PD deficiency. When my wife found out she was a bit
frightened, but after we talked it over with the doctor she found out it wasn't that bad. Only in severe cases it can lead to kidney failure or even
death. It can also cause anemia. Hemolytic anemia is something you would want to avoid. The experience with the doctor was quite nice. First he
introduced himself and said he was Dr. McGrath. He tested my son for G6PD deficiency and the results came back positive. I actually wasn't
surprised because I have it. The doctor went on and told me about what foods he should eat and what foods he needs to avoid. He also told us the
symptoms for hemolytic anemia. He

Clinical Manifestation Of Parkinson's Disease
Clinical Manifestation of Parkinson's Disease
The main clinical manifestation that Mr. Cane has presented with can be identified through assessing the pathophysiology of PD. When assessing the
case study in Appendix A, the clinical presentation that he is displaying includes bradykinesia, tremor, and rigidity.
Bradykinesia is the slowness in movement and is the most distinctive presentation of PD, presenting in 80 percent patients. Bradykinesia is theorized to
be caused by dysfunction in the basal ganglia and the deficiency of dopamine. The basal ganglia is no longer able to reinforce cortical mechanism
associated with beginning, initiating or completing movements. This is due to the fact that the basal ganglia is involved with such functions ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Cane is also experiencing such symptoms as dysarthria, diminished blinking and hypomimia. These clinical manifestations are caused by the
bradykinesia he is experiencing. In dysarthria, the dysfunction of the basal ganglia from decreased dopaminergic neurons. This dysfunction causes for
disruptions to occur with the muscular control in relation to speech. Dysphagia occurs with PD as well, although Mr. Cane was not noted to have this
symptom, it is possible that his dehydration and poor nutritional intake occurred because of difficulties with swallowing. A patient can often be
unaware that they are having difficulties in their swallowing, therefore this is an important area to assess for patients (Tjaden, 2008). Hypomimia
occurs due to the effects of bradykinesia. The impairments caused in the motor cortex of the brain cause for this reduced ability for facial

San Francisco Earthquake And The 1964 Alaska Earthquake
Over more than 50 decades there has been multiple earthquakes that have been caused by the activity that takes place beneath and above the surface
of the earth. For every earthquake there are various effects and consequences, these are generally not preventable but teachable moments. As we study
and explore landforms we learn and better understand how today 's structures came about, what took place decades ago and where do we go from
here. Thanks to the technology and inquiring minds we are able to study past events like the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the 1964 Alaska
earthquake. In comparing these two events we can get an overview of what happened and better prepare ourselves for something like that in the future.
The 1906 San Francisco Earthquake tectonic setting was in the outermost shell of earth known as the crust this is composed of rigid plates that have
been moving for hundreds of millions of years. Two of these moving plates meet in western California; the boundary between them is a zone of faults,
the principal one being the San Andreas fault. The horizontal sliding of the Pacific Plate relative to the North American Plate, causes earthquakes along
the San Andreas fault and similar plates near the region. The San Andreas fault is a transform plate boundary, accommodating horizontal relative
motions (usgs.gov).
The ground movement created by the tremor source is recorded by instruments called seismographs. The follow made by a seismograph, called a

Parkinson Disease Research Paper
Matthew Quick Parkinson's disease is a disease that affects the way a person moves. Movement for a parkinson's sufferer can be slow and shaky.
There are different types of parkinson's, multiple system atrophy (MSA), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP),normal pressure hydrocephalus
and tremors including essential tremors, dystonic tremors, indeterminate tremors and atypical tremors. These tremors are all part of this disease
and affect all patients in different ways. Parkinson's is a progressive neurological condition that affects approximately 70,000 people Australia
wide, it is seen more in males than females. The average age for somebody to be diagnosed with parkinson's is over 65 but there have been cases of
diagnosis in people under the age of 50. When there is something like this it is referred to as young onset parkinson's and the average life expectancy
after diagnosis is 7 to 14 years. A diagnosis should always be done by a specialist. A diagnosis is not any easy
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Levodopa does begin to become less effective as time goes on but another drug Dopamine Agonists takes Levodopa's place in slowing the loss of
neurons. It has been proven that a set diet and forms of rehabilitation like exercise can improve symptoms of parkinson's disease. When the drugs
become ineffective sufferers of parkinson's can undergo surgery to place microelectrodes for deep brain stimulation which reduce motor symptoms.
Other symptoms which aren't as big an issue like sleep disturbances and emotional problems can be effected by the medication that is taken. Sleep
disturbances can be worse and somebody with parkinson's can also suffer sleep insomnia, 13% of people with parkinson's have sleep attacks or
narcolepsy which is a neurological disorder which makes a sufferer randomly fall

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