2. Himalayan Mountains….
I. The Himalayan mountains are young-fold mountains which
are loftiest and one of the most rugged mountain barriers.
II.The Himalayas are 2400km long and 150km-400km wide
from Kashmir to Arunachal Pradesh.
III.The Himalayas have three parallel ranges in the
longitudinal extent namely:
• Himadri
• Himachal
• Shiwaliks
4. Himadri...
●
The nothern most range of Himalayas is
known as Himadri. It is also known as ‘great
or inner Himalayas’
●
It consists of loftiest peaks with an average
height of 6000 meters. It contains all the
prominent peaks. It remains snow covered
throughout the year,resulting in the formation
of glaciers and some perennial rivers.
6. Himachal...
I.It lies to the south of Himadri Range. It is also
known as ‘lesser Himalayas’
II.The ranges are mainly composed of altered
and compressed rocks.
III.Valley of Kashmir , Kangra and Kullu lie in
this range.
IV.Its average height is 3700km to 4500km.
7. Himachal…
●
Some famous ranges are the Pri Panjal ,
Dhaula Range , and Mahabharat
Ranges. It has some famous valleys like
Kullu , Kangra , Kashmir . They are
known as for their hill stations .
8.
9.
10. Shiwaliks...
I.The shiwalik hills is a mountain range of outer
Himalayas also known as Manak Parbat in
ancient times.
II.Its average height is 900m to 1100m.
III.This range is made up of alluvial soil .
IV.Many duns lie in this range. For e.g. Dehradun
11. ●
Shiwalik literally means ‘tresses of Shiva’.
This range is about 2400km.long, enclosing
an area that starts almost from the indus
and ends close to the Brahmputra, with a
gap of about 90km betwwen the testa and
aidak rivers in Assam.
12. ●
The width of the shiwalik hills varies from
10km to 50km, their average elevation is 1500m
to 2000m . Other spelling variations used
include Shiwalik and Siwalik originated from
the Hindu and Nepali word Shiwalik Parvat .
Other names include Churia Hills , Chure Hills ,
and Margalla Hills
16. Indus River
It originates from the
Mansarovar Lake on the
Tibetan plateau . It
meets with the river
Gurtang at an altitude
of 4200m in the
southeastern Ladakh ,
where it enters the
Himalayas.
17. Sutlej River
River Sutlej originates from the southern slopes of the holy mountain
Kailash , near the lake of Mansarovar.
Jhelum river
It originates from Verinag
which is 80km south from
Srinagar.
Brahmaputra River
This river is considered
to be one of the greatest
rivers of Asia
