I print these and have the students organize them. This presentation is simply so the students can see the pictures better

2. Dreadnought
• This British ship was built in response to
Germany beginning to build a large navy.
This ship made all other battleships obsolete.
Able to reach speed of 28 mph, it had armor
11 inches thick. It was equipped with 10 guns
that could shoot objects a foot in diameter a
distance of 11 miles. Other countries rushed
to build their versions of the British
Dreadnought.

4. Destroyers
• Both sides used destroyers in the war.
They were light and fast, capable of
traveling at speeds of 34 mph.
Equipped with torpedoes, their main
duty was to attack battleships. They
were also used in depth charges
against submarines.

6. Big Bertha
• The world’s largest cannon, this German
artillery gun could fire 1-ton shells a distance
of 13 miles. Some versions of “Big Bertha"
were pulled by tractors, others were fitted to
railway cars. While the range of the colossal
gun was noteworthy, it’s accuracy was not.
Soldiers had no way of determining where in
a city the shell would hit. While this was a
setback technically, it hurt the morale on the
enemies home-front.

8. Barbed Wire
• Barbed wire was strung across the front
lines. This made it make it more difficult
for the enemy to infiltrate the trenches.
Connected to silent posts (wire
stakes), the barbed wire was checked
nightly. If an attack was planned, the
night patrol would go out and cut a path
through the wire to allow for passage
through the barbed wire.

10. Artificial Trees
• Soldiers made artificial tree stumps from
steel cylinders covered with wire mesh
and canvas. Put up at night next to real
tree stumps (which were then removed
so that the enemy would think the new
one was real), they were used to
observe the enemy.

12. Maschinengewehr 08
• The Germans recognized that the machine
gun would be a useful weapon and was the
first country to put it to use during WWI. They
used it effectively against troops as they were
advancing towards the trenches. Able to fire
400 bullets a minute as far as 2200 yards, it
was an effective weapon. The problem was,
it was also cumbersome. It took a crew of
men to operate it and had a tendency to
overheat.

14. Mauser Gewehr 98
• Simply called the Mauser, this German
rifle was widely used in WWI. The rifle
had been battle tested during the Boxer
Rebellion when the Germans helped
subdue the Chinese who were revolting
against foreigners in their country.
Dependable and accurate, the Mauser
had a detachable clip that allowed it to
be reloaded quickly.

16. Lee-Enfield .303-inch rifle
• This was the standard British rifle that nearly
every British soldier on the Western Front
received. A good individual weapon and a
favorite among snipers, it was able to fire 12
shots per minute. The Lee-Enfield could be
shot rapidly and accurately and was so
reliable that it continued to be used in WWII.
It is the second most produced rifle ever.

18. Springfield
• The American rifle of choice, it was
comparable to the Lee-Enfield. The rifle
was the most common weapon for
soldiers to use in battle because they
were light, dependable and had multiple
shot capability.

20. Mark I
• The British developed their land ship under the code
name “tank.” Although some in leadership positions
saw little use for the weapon at first, it proved useful
in trench warfare. Weighing in at 28 tons, it was
equipped with two large guns and four machine guns.
It could flatten barbed wire and enemy trenches as
well as act as a shield for advancing troops. The
Mark I was not without its problems. With a top
speed of three miles per hour, they often broke down
or got stuck in the muddy trenches and the men
inside were miserable. It needed two people to
drive, which made it difficult to maneuver. The
conditions were cramped and were affected by
extreme heat and noxious fumes.

22. Mark V
• The British Mark V did not come into use until
July 1918, but it was an improvement in tank
technology. Equipped with two 6-pounder
guns and four machine guns, it held a crew of
8. It’s advanced system of gears and brakes
allowed it to be driven by one person, which
increased its maneuverability. Unfortunately
it was still cramped and hot inside the Mark
V, sometimes so hot that the ammunition
exploded!

24. Renault FT-17
• Equipped with one machine gun, the French
tank had a two man crew and traveled at a
speed of over 4 miles an hour. Designed with
the engine in the back and the driver in the
front, the Renault featured a rotating turret.
These features not only made this model the
one that all future tanks were designed off of,
but also the most popular tank among
American troops. First introduced in 1917,
2,697 were put into use before the end of the
war.

26. A7V
• The German version of the Mark I showed up in April
of 1918, not early enough to make an impact.
Weighing in at 33 tons, the Germans produced 120,
but only 6 A7Vs saw action. The A7V had a crew of
18 men and six machine guns, and was just as slow
as the other tanks of its day. It also had very poor
off-road capability and was prone to getting stuck.
The large overhang at the front and low ground
clearance meant trenches or very muddy areas were
impassable. This was worsened by the fact that the
driver could not see the terrain directly in front of the
tank.

28. Chlorine Gas
• First used in large scale by the Germans at
the second Battle of Ypres, chlorine gas
caused choking, lung damage and
sometimes blindness. At first the gas was
released from a large canister when the wind
was blowing toward the enemy. This caused
problems as the wind could shift, bringing the
gas toward friendly troops. This problem was
solved when special artillery shells were
invented that could be shot and then
distribute the gas on impact.

30. Mustard Gas
• Mustard gas caused severe burning and
blistering of the skin and sometimes
blindness. At first the gas was released from
a large canister when the wind was blowing
toward the enemy. This caused problems as
the wind could shift, bringing the gas toward
friendly troops. This problem was solved
when special artillery shells were invented
that could be shot and then distribute the gas
on impact.

32. Fokker DVII
• When the war started, airplanes were a new
invention. Invented in 1903 by the Wright
Brothers, it soon found its way into military
use. The German’s premier aircraft was the
Fokker DVII which was quick, easy to fly and
rugged. The planes could fly straight up with
its guns firing for a long distance without fear
that the plane would stall. Although slower
than the British Sopwith Camel, it was able to
climb to higher altitudes quickly and recover
quickly from a dive.

34. Sopwith Camel
• A British bi-plane, the Sopwith Camel was
considered by many to be the best Allied
plane. Agile and able to make sharp turns at
high speeds, it was the most successful plane
at shooting down German aircraft. First used
for scouting, it was soon used for bombing.
Pilots first manually dropped bombs over the
side, but eventually planes were fitted with
bombsights and racks under the plane so that
pilots could more easily and accurately bomb
the enemy below. Planes were particularly
effective against men in trenches.

36. Zeppelin LZ38
• Invented in 1900 by German Count Ferdinand von
Zeppelin, zeppelins were giant airships filled with
hydrogen. At the beginning of the war, they could fly
higher than planes and so, without risk of being shot
down, flew over the English Channel to drop bombs
on English cities, targeting English civilians. By the
end of the war, plane technology had improved to the
point that planes could fly above zeppelins and shoot
them down igniting them into fiery balls of hydrogen.
The zeppelin’s use as a bomber was obsolete by the
later part of the war.

38. British SSZ
• The Sea Scout Zero had no rigid frame
and therefore its lightweight gave it a
high speed of 45 mph. Put into service
in 1916, airships were now being used
for scouting missions. The British used
the SSZ to scout for submarines.

40. HMS Furious
• Built as a battle cruiser, The Furious
was quickly adapted to make the first
aircraft carrier. On July 7, 1918, seven
Sopwith Camels took off from the deck
of the Furious to attack a German
Zeppelin base. The HMS Furious
continued to be used by the British in
World War II.

42. British 18 Pounder Field Gun
• First produced in 1904, by August 1914, the
British Army had produced 1,226 of them. It
was so reliable, that by the end of the war,
the army had 9,424 in service and was the
main artillery in use by the British. The field
gun itself weighed nearly 3000 pounds and
could fire 10-18 pound shells of high
explosives a distance of over three miles.

44. U-Boat
• Equipped with cannons and torpedoes, the
German Unterseeboot could attack ships on
the surface or under water. Carrying a crew
of 22 -36 men the U-boats were cramped and
when underwater ran on electric motors and
batteries. In typical sea warfare, enemy
merchant ships would allow safe passage for
passengers. Although this was impossible for
the U-Boat to do and remain effective, the
deaths of passengers turned public opinion
against the Germans.

46. Periscope
• Soldiers from both sides used
periscopes during their times in the
trenches. It was dangerous for soldiers
to peek above the trench. They used
periscopes to peer over the trench to
keep an eye of the movements of the
enemy.

48. Flamethrower
• Primitive versions of the flamethrower were
used as far back at the 5th century BC, but in
the First World War, they were first used by
the Germans on British troops. Two versions
were developed: one large and the smaller
hand-held version. Both performed the same
function: they sprayed liquid fire over enemy
troops. Both sides took up its use by the end
of the war.

50. Gas Mask
• By the end of the war both sides had
constructed effective gas masks. They
included a face mask, goggles and
respirator, which were effective against
the gases being used. After the
war, outrage over the use of gases
called for the discontinuation of their
use in warfare.

52. Maxim
• The first machine gun was invented in 1884
by American Hiram Maxim. Machine gun
technology used the fact that the gun recoiled
after each shot to its advantage. The energy
from the recoil would automatically move the
next bullet into the firing chamber. As long as
the trigger remained pressed, the gun kept
firing. Able to fire 600 bullets per minute, it
was an effective weapon, but it was also
cumbersome. It took a crew of men to
operate it and had a tendency to overheat.

54. The Vickers
• The British version of the machine gun, it was
not used until later in the war. Able to fire
450-600 bullets per minute a distance of
2,400 feet. It was an effective weapon, but it
was also cumbersome. It took a crew of men
to operate it and had a tendency to overheat.
By the end of the war, all British and French
aircraft were equipped with these machine
guns.

56. The Stielhandgranate
• Introduced in 1915, the German stick
grenade was highly popular among
German soldiers. Some exploded on
impact but most were set to detonate
after either a 5.5 or 7 second delay.
German soldiers often carried such
grenades in satchels thrown around
their necks.

58. Portable Field Telephone
• Carried in a leather shoulder bag, portable
telephones were used by both sides.
Observers close to enemy troops would
telephone the gunners to tell them the results
of their shelling and help them adjust their
aim in order to hit their target. In addition to a
telephone headset for verbal communication,
it had a key for transmitting Morse code when
the line was too noisy for speech to be heard
clearly. Although the headset was portable,
the telephones only worked if the telephone
wires were unbroken. Also, messages were
easily intercepted by the enemy.

60. Mills Bomb No.5
• Designed in 1915, the British Mills
Bomb No.5 was the standard grenade
used by the British during the First
World War. Built to detonate after a 7
second delay, 75 million No.5s were
produced before the end of the war.

62. Wireless Set
• Wireless sets that received and transmitted
messages in Morse code were used by
troops on both sides once they had moved
beyond the reach of field telephone cables.
By the middle of the war, due to the ease of
the enemy intercepting messages, codes
were developed. The French initiated the use
of codes, but soon after the Germans
followed. Codes were changed frequently as
it be came a race for the enemy to break the
code in order to decipher messages.

64. Carrier Pigeons
• Often the only means of
communication, pigeons were widely
used to carry messages from the front
to headquarters. Limited by the fact
that the pigeons could only send
message between points that it was
trained to fly between, they were still
used extensively during the war on land
and at sea.

66. Dog Messengers
• Used by both sides, dogs were used to
carry messages between the trenches.
Special tubes were attached to their
collars in which a message could be
stored. Trained to leap over barbed
wire, their speed and agility made them
difficult targets to hit.