test

1. START THE
TOOL HERE
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020
research and programme under grant agreement No 690103

2. URBANREC will implement an eco-innovative and integral
bulky waste management system enhancing prevention and
reuse, improving logistics and allowing new waste treatments
to obtain high added value recycled products and
demonstrate its effectiveness in different EU regions,
including a roadmap to improve Eco-efficiency on European
waste management and pro-active standardization strategy.
SKIP THE
INTRODUCTION AND
GO TO THE TOOL
NEXT:
THE E-LEARNING
TOOL
NEW
APPROACHES FOR
THE
VALORISATION OF
URBAN BULKY
WASTE INTO HIGH
ADDED VALUE
RECYCLED
PRODUCTS
WHAT THE
PROJECT IS
ABOUT

3. This e-learning tool was developed as a part of the
knowledge transfer and training activities which were
targeting industry, municipalities and policy makers in
different regions across Europe in order to increase their
knowledge on the benefits of the proposed technologies
during the project’s lifetime. Being an online tool, it now
allows third parties to take advantage of the URBANREC
project and its outputs, as well as the know-how
concentrated around the project’s consortium, which is
composed by some of the leading regions in Europe when it
comes to bulky waste management. This tool also containes
policy recommendations based on emprical knowledge and
experiences coming from the very industry.
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INTRODUCTION AND
GO TO THE TOOL
THE
E-LEARNING
TOOL
NEXT:
HOW DOES THE
TOOL WORK?

4. Navigation through this tool happens solely by using the
provided buttons. They navigate the user through the entire
e-learning tool and allow the user to explore innovative
collection, treatment and valorisation pathways for various
household bulky waste types. The e-learning tool also
includes links to factsheets which summarise certain
treatment and or valorisation methods deployed in the
URBANREC regions.
The e-learning tool is quite intuitive and allow the user to
explore household bulky waste pathways of particular
interest. Don’t forget to keep an eye open for the
downloadable factsheets in the upper right corners.
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INTRODUCTION AND
GO TO THE TOOL
HOW DOES
THE TOOL
WORK?
READY TO EXPLORE
THE E-LEARNING
TOOL

5. Click on the type of household bulky waste you want to learn more about

6. Click on the type of household bulky waste you want to learn more about

7. Click on the type of household bulky waste you want to learn more about

8. Click on the type of household bulky waste you want to learn more about

9. MATTRESSES
Up to 30 million mattresses in Europe reach their end of life annually and it is estimated that 60% of those goes to
landfill and 40% is incinerated (EBIA, 2014). However, at least 85% of their mass can be readily recycled through simple
disassembly (CalRecycle, 2012).
Why are mattresses an undesirable waste?
Bulkiness - difficult to handle during waste pickup and transport
Low density - undesirable landfill material (an average mattress takes up 650 litres of landfill space as
compression is difficult)
Springs have a tendency to damage landfill and transfer station compacting or shredding
equipment.
The composition of mattresses varies greatly, but they are usually categorised based on their main core material, which
falls into three common types:
Steel and polyurethane foam being the biggest contributors to the mattresses’ weight they also present the most
valuable material wen it comes to material recovery.
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URBANREC HOUSE
HOW TO COLLECT
MATTRESSES?
HOW TO TREAT
MATTRESSES?
Steel springs – making up
to 29% of the mattress
weight
Polyurethane foam –
making up to 25% of the
mattress weight
Latex foam

10. The composition of mattresses varies greatly, but they are usually categorised based on their main core material, which
falls into three common types:
Steel and polyurethane foam being the biggest contributors to the mattresses’ weight they also present the most
valuable material wen it comes to material recovery.
Up to 30 million mattresses in Europe reach their end of life annually and it is estimated that 60% of those goes to
landfill and 40% is incinerated (EBIA, 2014). However, at least 85% of their mass can be readily recycled through simple
disassembly (CalRecycle, 2012).
Why are mattresses an undesirable waste?
Bulkiness - difficult to handle during waste pickup and transport
Low density - undesirable landfill material (an average mattress takes up 650 litres of landfill space as
compression is difficult)
Springs have a tendency to damage landfill and transfer station compacting or shredding
equipment.
MATTRESSES
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URBANREC HOUSE
HOW TO COLLECT
MATTRESSES?
HOW TO TREAT
MATTRESSES?
CIVIC AMENITY SITES
Civic amenity sites (CAS) are guarded, fenced-off areas
where inhabitants can dispose of and sort out their
household waste into receptacles in order to be recycled
or otherwise treated.
MOBILE CIVIC AMENITY SITES
In places where space is limited or in remote areas, or to
target specific populations that have difficulty using the
civic amenity sites (social districts, elderly population,
etc.), mobile civic amenity sites can be implemented to
compensate the absence of one.
TAKE-BACK SCHEMES
Mattresses can also be collected under various voluntary
schemes, set up by producers or retailers.
Steel springs – making up
to 29% of the mattress
weight
Polyurethane foam –
making up to 25% of the
mattress weight
Latex foam

11. CIVIC AMENITY SITES
Civic amenity sites (CAS) are guarded, fenced-off areas where inhabitants can dispose of and sort out their household
waste into receptacles in order to be recycled or otherwise treated. An on-site supervisor is present to provide
information and guidance to the users. Civic amenity sites also give the possibility to collect and source-separate
fractions that cannot be handled by door-to-door or bring bank schemes, due to legal, technical, or financial reasons
(hazardous waste, WEEE, construction and demolition waste, etc.).
There is an important diversity of civic amenity sites and many different ways to operate them. Their effectiveness for
source separation will depend on several factors, such as:
the number of containers they include
their proximity
their opening hours
the presence of trained employees helping the users
whether or not commercial waste is accepted
An important element is the control of users, which is generally done by checking the ID, or providing inhabitants with
individual user cards. Controlling the type of vehicle or the content of the waste brought can also help with the
controls, especially if different systems or tariffs apply to non-household waste producers.
Another important element for sorting is a differentiation of tariffs: when mixed waste is more expensive than
recyclable waste, the incentive for sorting will be higher. Charges can be set according to the volume or the weight of
the waste brought, the number of annual visits. Another possibility is to charge the user when he uses the mixed bulky
waste containers without necessarily weighing or assessing the volume of the waste.
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URBANREC HOUSE
CIVIC AMENITY SITES IN
THE URBANREC REGIONS
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PREVIOUS SLIDE

12. Depending of the size of the civic amenity site, many bulky waste fractions can be source-separated, such as bulky
waste made of a single material such as wood, hard plastics, metal, etc. In URBANREC territories, the civic amenity
sites were implemented to promote source separation: 27 fractions are sorted in average in the Province of Valencia,
39 different fractions in the 2 sites in Warsaw, and 39 in the IMOG territory.
CIVIC AMENITY SITES IN THE URBANREC REGIONS
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URBANREC HOUSE
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HOW TO TREAT
MATTRESSES
It is also possible to limit the volumes of mixed fractions that can be brought by inhabitants. For instance, the
Flemish intermunicipal organisation IVAREM allows 28 free entrances per year and per household and charge the
extra ones €5 per use, with additional limits of 2 uses per days and 2 m³ of waste per day. ID cards are used to
control this system. Mixed bulky waste is charged according to the quantities brought, the fees ranging between
0.03 €/kg and 0.33 €/kg. CAS accounts for over 90% of bulky waste collected on the Flemish territory with 1 CAS
per 19,300 inhabitants, where 95.8% of the population has a CAS within 5 km from their household.
Consorcio has developed a system of environmental points that are given to inhabitants
when using the civic amenity sites, which then give them possibilities to get discounts
on their next waste fees. In the Province of Valencia, about 75% of the bulky waste are
collected in civic amenity sites, with 22,500 inhabitant per 1 CAS

13. MOBILE CIVIC AMENITY SITES
In places where space is limited or in remote areas, or to target specific populations that have difficulty using the civic
amenity sites (social districts, elderly population, etc.), mobile civic amenity sites can be implemented to compensate
the absence of traditional civic amenity site. It might also be a way to make people that do not know about traditional
CAS (or are unsure about the charging system) aware of the collection system as a whole and promote the traditional
CAS.
These mobile civic amenity sites have several characteristics that differentiate them from regular CAS:
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URBANREC HOUSE
MOBILE CIVIC AMENITY
SITES IN THE URBANREC
REGIONS
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PREVIOUS SLIDE
They are temporary
installations, installed for
a single occassion or on a
reoccuring basis
They are open only for a
limited amount of time
before they move to
another location
They are placed in a
public spaces which
makes it easily accessible
for the residents (streets,
marketplacs, town hall
etc.)
They allow also residents
with limited mobility
options (absence of a
vehicle or other mode of
transporting bulky waste)
to a bulky waste
collection point

14. It must be noted that the operational cost of mobile civic amenity sites might be more important than traditional sites,
when comparing the cost per tonne collected. The success of mobile CAS heavily depends on the communication
activities to make them aware of their organisation.
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URBANREC HOUSE
MOBILE CIVIC AMENITY SITES IN THE URBANREC REGIONS
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HOW TO TREAT
MATTRESSES
In Consorcio, the cost per tonne for mobile CAS amounts to 1,305 €/t, when CAS cost
about 250 €/t.
In Flanders, under certain conditions, local authorities can get subsidies from the Flemish Government for small
temporary or small permanent CAS.

15. TAKE-BACK SCHEMES
Mattresses can also be collected under various schemes similar to Extended Producer Responsibility. These schemes
can be voluntary, set up by producers or retailers in order to increase their corporate responsibility or to offer a
valuable service of collecting old mattresses from their clients or imposed by a local or a regional authority in order to
increase the collection rate of mattresses.
In the UK, the Airsprung Group set a take-back system for mattresses where they would collect old ones when
delivering a new mattress to the consumer. Old mattresses are then brought to a recycling centre to be dismantled,
and where about 60 to 80% of the materials were recycled. This system is also available in Flanders. For instance, the
company Bedking takes back old furniture, slatted base and mattresses.
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URBANREC HOUSE
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HOW TO TREAT
MATTRESSES

16. The composition of mattresses varies greatly, but they are usually categorised based on their main core material, which
falls into three common types:
Steel and polyurethane foam being the biggest contributors to the mattresses’ weight they also present the most
valuable material wen it comes to material recovery.
Polyurethane foam –
making up to 25% of the
mattress weight
MATTRESSES
BACK TO THE
URBANREC HOUSE
HOW TO COLLECT
MATTRESSES?
HOW TO TREAT
MATTRESSES?
FRAGMENTATION FOLLOWED BY VALORISATION
Fragmentation allows mattresses to be dismantled into
secondary material which feeds into new valorisation
routes
Up to 30 million mattresses in Europe reach their end of life annually and it is estimated that 60% of those goes to
landfill and 40% is incinerated (EBIA, 2014). However, at least 85% of their mass can be readily recycled through simple
disassembly (CalRecycle, 2012).
Why are mattresses an undesirable waste?
Bulkiness - difficult to handle during waste pickup and transport
Low density - undesirable landfill material (an average mattress takes up 650 litres of landfill space as
compression is difficult)
Springs have a tendency to damage landfill and transfer station compacting or shredding
equipment.
Steel springs – making up
to 29% of the mattress
weight
Latex foam

17. FRAGMENTATION
Mattresses are collected together, but before fragmentation they are separated manually, between Latex mattresses,
mattresses with springs and mattresses without springs. Springs are separated before cutting lamination process for
recycling. Four different materials are obtained after mattresses fragmentation:
Foam coming from mattresses without spring
Mixture of foam and textile coming from mattresses with spring
Textile and foam material coming from Latex mattresses
Latex foam
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METAL TEXTILE FOAM

18. FRAGMENTATION
The mattresses processed over the course of the project were collected by Consorcio, and composed of Polyurethane
(PU) or latex foam. For the mattresses with springs, metal parts were detached and sent for reselling.
The fragmentation process results in high purity products:
The obtained PU foam can be applied for rebounding (i.e. the fabrication of new mattresses) and for
glycolysis, to produce adhesives.
The textile parts can be used to produce new textile applications (needlefelts, composites).
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URBANREC HOUSE
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VALORISATION ROUTES
DOWNLOAD THE FACTSHEET ON
FRAGMENTATION

19. VALORISATION
The URBANREC project developed innovative valorisation routes for materials extracted from bulky waste. Even though
they were developed at pilot scale, they show promising results for larger applications.
Adhesive and foams obtained from secondary polyols
Tests were performed to apply solvolysis route to obtain adhesives and foams using secondary polyols obtained from
polyurethane foam coming from mattresses. Two different solvolysis process were used: acidolysis and glycolysis.
The obtained polyols from acidolysis was incorporated in viscoelastic mattresses top layer foam and used for PUR hot-
melt adhesive. The secondary polyol from glycolysis process is used for insulation panel applications. The obtained
polyol from post-consumer mattresses waste could be used successfully in flexible and rigid foam application and also
for hot-melt adhesive.
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URBANREC HOUSE
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DOWNLOAD THE FACTSHEET ON
VALORISATION

20. FURNITURE
Nearly 55 million tonnes of wooden waste was produced in the EU in 2016, according to EUROSTAT. A large share of
this waste originates from wooden furniture and parts of other types of furniture. However, this amount decreased
over the years, from nearly 70 million tonnes in 2006. With an expansion of re-use and repair activities and new
business models, these amounts can decrease even more.
In this URBANREC e-learning platform
Why are mattresses an undesirable waste?
Bulkiness - difficult to handle during waste pickup and transport
Low density - undesirable landfill material (an average mattress takes up 650 litres of landfill space as
compression is difficult)
Springs have a tendency to damage landfill and transfer station compacting or shredding
equipment.
The composition of mattresses varies greatly, but they are usually categorised based on their main core material, which
falls into three common types:
Steel and polyurethane foam being the biggest contributors to the mattresses’ weight they also present the most
valuable material wen it comes to material recovery.
BACK TO THE
URBANREC HOUSE
HOW TO COLLECT
FURNITURE?
HOW TO TREAT
FURNITURE?
Steel springs – making up
to 29% of the mattress
weight
Polyurethane foam –
making up to 25% of the
mattress weight
Latex foam

21. 21
WPX. TASK LIST & GANTT DIAGRAM
Please, follow the EXAMPLE, as showed below, using
the Detailed Porject Planning sent to you all.
6 MONTH MEETING
15TH & 16TH NOVEMBER, 2016 ,FRAUNHOFER ICT, PFINZTAL, GERMANY

22. 22
WP X. TASK DESCRIPTION.
First 6-months (M1-M6)
Please, summarise the main tasks to be performed from Jun16-Nov16.
-> Use the table below, Work done & to be done, when already applicable
Works done Work to be done
Task 1.1. TITLE (M1-M12) – ongoing
XXXXX
• xxxx
• xxxx
• xxx
• XXX
• XXX
6 MONTH MEETING
15TH & 16TH NOVEMBER, 2016 ,FRAUNHOFER ICT, PFINZTAL, GERMANY

23. 23
WP X. WPs RELATIONS
• Indicate what you need from other WPs-Tasks/what you can offer for
other WPs –Tasks to perform the corresponding work foreeen within
period M1-M6
WPx
WPx
WPx
WPx
WPx
6 MONTH MEETING
15TH & 16TH NOVEMBER, 2016 ,FRAUNHOFER ICT, PFINZTAL, GERMANY

24. 24
WP X. FUTURE ACTIONS
Task Specific action/activity (m01-m06)
xx
xx
xx
xx
xx
xx
6 MONTH MEETING
15TH & 16TH NOVEMBER, 2016 ,FRAUNHOFER ICT, PFINZTAL, GERMANY