student presentation course parasitology

1. Facuiltyof healthscience
Course:parasitology
Toplic:medicalrelatedconditionsto
A.Flies
B.mosquito
PresentationGroupone
Groupnames
1.Yaasiin
Abdi Farax
2.Fatima
Hassan
Ahmed
3.Sahra
Yusuf
Ahmed
5.Raxma
Muuse Farax
4.Axsan
Faraxan
Mahamuud
6.Amina Ali
Abokor

2. medical conditions related to
A.Flies
B.Mosquito
introduction
• Flies and mosquitoe are classes of insecta
• Insecta classify into four orders according to medical
important and are:
1. Order Anoplura (lice). 2. Order Siphonaptera (fleas).
3. Order Hemiptera (bugs). 4. Order Diptera (mosquitoes and flies).

3. Fly
 Order Diptera.) flies are insects of
the order Diptera, the name being derived from
the Greek di = two, and ptera = wings.(
 The medical important species:
Muscidae, Calliphoridae,
Sarcophagidae, Oestrodae

4. Morphology
Lapping mouthparts of housefly
Labellum
Piercing and sucking mouthpart.
Tsetse fly
mouthparts

5. Life cycle

6. Morphology and habits which
related to disease transmission
Short legs and big abdomen, the whole body bear hairs;
Lapping mouthparts.
Interdigital pod is supplied with glandular hairs, it also can
secrete mucus
Flies excrete and regurgitate their partially digested meals
over food.
Flies have dirt habits of feeding indiscriminately on both
excreta and foods.

7. Fly and Diseases
Mechanical transmission:
Cholera, Typhoid fever, Bacillary dysentery,
Amebic dysentery, Helminthiasis
Biological transmission:
African trypanosomiasis
Bloodsucking flies：tsetse flies
Myiasis :
Caused by the parasitism of
fly larva.

8.  Order Diptera , Psychodidae
 Medical important:
Phlebotomus chinensis
Ph. c. longiductus
Vector of Leishmaniasis.
Sandfly

9. Morphology
 Tiny, dark, hairy body
 Head: large black eyes, short sucking
mouthparts,
long filiform antennae
 Thorax: humpback erect V shaped
position of the wings at rest.

10. Life cycle Complete metamorphosis, 6-9w
Egg
Larva(4 instars)
PupaAdult
The eggs turn dark
after being laid and
have sculpted surface.
Pupae are naked.

11. Ecology
 Distribute in North areas of Yangtse River.
 Both sexes feed on plant juice and sugary
secretions. Only the females suck blood.
 One generation a year. The population density
peak occurs in summer.
 The stage of hibernation: larva.

12. Sandflies and disease
Leishmaniasis The adult sandfly is the
only stage in transmission
Bartonellosis
sandfly fever
Vector of Leishmaniasis
Sucking blood

13. MOSQUITO
 Mosquito belongs to Class Insecta,
Order Diptera, Family Culicidae.
 There are more than 3300 species of mosquitoes
belong to 38 genera.

14. Questions:
1. How to distinguish the female mosquitoes from
the male?
2. What are the main effect of antennae in finding
host?
3. Why don’t the male mosquitoes suck blood?
Head  Piercing and sucking mouthparts.
 Slender proboscis
Morphology

15. Antennae
Female：circular hairs
are short and sparse
Male: circular hairs are
long and dense

16. Labrum - 1
Mandibles - 2
Hypopharynx - 1
Maxilla - 2
Labium - 1
The male lack of
mandibles and maxillas
Proboscis

17. Life cycle
Complete metamorphosis
Eg
g
Larvae
(4 instars)
Pupa Adult
Water
Important vectors: limited in Anopheles, Culex and Aedes

18. Culex: Cylindrical, no float. They are laid stuck
together in “egg’s rafts.
Egg
Anopheles Culex Aedes
Life cycle
Anopheles: Boat-shaped, laid single and float on
the water surface.
Aedes :Olive-shaped, laid single on the bottom of
water

19. Adult
Anopheles Culex Aedes

20. Ecology
Breeding habit
 Five types of breeding site:
Paddy fields
Slowly flow water
Jungle areas
Dirty water
Container water

21. Bloodsucking habit
 Both male and female mosquitoes take nectar
as source of energy.
 Only females take blood after mating for
production of eggs.

22. Resting habit
After having a blood meal, the female
mosquito find a place for resting.
Endophilic type: rest inside house for blood
digestion and maturation of the ovaries.
Half Endophilic type : rest inside house for a
while, then fly to outdoor.
Exophilic type : feed and rest outside.

23.  Gontrophic cycle: The period from feeding
blood to laying eggs.
 Physiological age: the times of spending
gontrophic cycle.

24. Activity
 Anopheles ：act in the evenings, at night or in
the early morning.
 Culex：feed at night.
 Aedes：feed during the day or early evening.

25. Direct harm
Mosquito and diseases
Biting by mosquitoes
- irritation or allergic
reaction.

26. As vectors, mosquitoes can transmit lots of arbo-diseases.
Arbo-disease Mosquito Epidemic area
1.malaria Anopheles sinensis Plain areas
A. anthropophagus Mountain or hilly areas
in South China
A. minimus Mountain or hilly areas
in South China
A. dirus Jungle areas of Hainan
2. Japanese B
encephalitis
Culex tritaeniorhynchus Paddy field
3. Falariasis Culex pipiens pallens
C.p. quinquefasciantus
As a vector of Filariasis
bancrofti in North areas
of Yangtse river
Anopheles sinensis
A. anthropophagus
As a vector of filariasis
malayi
4. Dengue fever Aedes aegypti
A.albopicutus
Tropical areas
In China: Hainan,
Guangdong etc