Economics of the Power of Water: Mapping Global Water Scarcity #GEPowerOfWater
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The document discusses various metrics related to water stress around the world. It provides data on current baseline water stress in several regions, including Australia, Spain, Northern India, Northern China, Syria/Iraq/Iran/Turkey, and Southeastern Brazil. It also shows projections for increasing water stress in 2020, 2030, and 2040 for the RCP8.5/SSP3 scenario. Charts compare the projected relative changes in water demand versus water supply between 2005 and 2040. The document also presents data on groundwater stress ratios.
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Economics of the Power of Water: Mapping Global Water Scarcity #GEPowerOfWater
- 1. The Economic Power of Water Charles Iceland, Aqueduct Director June 3, 2015 AQUEDUCTTM
- 2. BASELINE WATER STRESS Total annual water withdrawals (municipal, industrial, and agricultural) expressed as a percentage of the total annual available blue water. Higher values indicate more competition among users. Data Sources: Global Drainage Basin Database, National Institute for Environmental Studies of Japan Global Land Data Assimilation System 2, NASA Goddard Labs, 1980-2008 Water Use by Sector, Food and Agriculture Organization, 2010 Consumptive Use Ratios, Shiklamanov and Rodda, 2003
- 3. AUSTRALIA
- 4. SPAIN
- 7. SYRIA, IRAQ, IRAN & TURKEY
- 9. CALIFORNIA
- 10. WATER STRESS (RCP85/SSP3) 2020 relative change (2020 / 2005)
- 11. WATER STRESS (RCP85/SSP3) 2030 relative change (2030 / 2005)
- 12. WATER STRESS (RCP85/SSP3) 2040 relative change (2040 / 2005)
- 13. RELATIVE CHANGE IN SUPPLY & DEMAND relative change in demand (2040/2005) relative change in supply (2040/2005)
- 15. GROUNDWATER STRESS Ratio of groundwater withdrawal relative to recharge rate; values above one indicate where unsustainable groundwater consumption could affect groundwater availability and groundwater- dependent ecosystems. Data Sources: Water Balance of Global Aquifers Revealed by Groundwater Footprint, Gleeson, T., Wada, Y., Bierkens, M.F.P., and van Beek, L.P.H., 1958-2000
Editor's Notes
- Water stress is defined as total withdrawal/available blue water. For available blue water, runoff is calculated from NOAA’s Climate Forecast System Re-analysis averaged from 1979-2009. The water withdrawal or use data is from is from Food and Agricultural Organization for 2010. Consumptive use is calculated by ratios estimated by Shiklamanov and Rodda. High water stress is when total water withdrawal is 40% of available supply. High stress areas are where there’s high water demand from population, agriculture and industry.
- http://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/nov/08/australia.drought
- http://www.reuters.com/article/2008/04/04/us-spain-drought-idUSL0482214120080404
- http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2009-124
- http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/28/world/asia/28water.html?_r=0 http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2011/feb/11/china-drought-emergency-water-aid
- http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/Grace/news/grace20130212.html
- http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/brazil-water-shortage-sao-paulo-devastated-by-its-worst-drought-on-record-10065071.html
- http://www.wri.org/blog/2015/04/california-sleepwalks-water-crisis
- Groundwater stress is groundwater withdrawal / relative to the groundwater recharge rate. The withdrawal data is from 2000. The recharge rate is modeled from data between 1958-2000. There are 748 aquifers. Values above one indicate where unsustainable water consumption could affect groundwater availability and dependent ecosystems. Many places around the world depend on withdrawals from underground aquifers to meet their water needs. Many of these aquifers filled gradually over the course of millennia. The red parts of this map are places where groundwater is being pumped out from aquifers faster than they are being recharged by surface water gradually seeping in. In these places, as aquifers are depleted faster than they are refilled, wells must be dug deeper and deeper, and could eventually run dry.