This content consists of 'Counselling and Guidance' presented by Ms. V. Selva Meenakshi, Counselor, Charvi Wellness Center, Nagercoil as an invited resource person in the webinar hosted by the department of education, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu
9. Principles of Counseling
Autonomy - individual’s right to self-determination
Beneficience - deeper responsibilities than ordinary friends and confidants
Nonmaleficence - the responsibility not to make the client by intention,
reckless action or incompetence
Justice - counseling goals must be based on the individual
characteristics of the client
Fidelity - Promoting trust is the counselor’s main goal in initial counseling
session
10. Types of Guidance
Educational Guidance
Vocational Guidance
Health Guidance
Economic Guidance
Personal Guidance
11. Educational Guidance
the assistance given to pupils individually and through
group techniques to help them function more effectively in
their school programme
12. Vocational Guidance
Vocational Counselling is the assistance given by the
counsellor to make effective use of his/ her own
resources and his environmental opportunities in the
process of self-understanding, planning, decision
making and coping with problems relative to his
developmental needs and to his educational and
vocational activities
13. Directive counseling
The primary goal of directive counseling is replacing
the emotional behavior of the client with rationale
behavior. This approach is also called as counselor-
centered.
14. Non-Directive counseling
Counselor only guides and support the counselee and
counselee is allowed to freely express their feelings and
emotions. This approach is also called as Client-
centered approach.
15. Eclectic approach
Eclectic therapy is an open, integrative form
of psychotherapy that adapts to the unique needs of
each specific client, depending on the problem, the
treatment goals, and the person’s expectations
and motivation.
17. Humans have two biological tendencies
Great potential to be rational and pleasure producing
vs
Innate tendency to develop irrational cognitions, unhealthy
emotions
18. Fundamental Goals
To survive
To be relatively free from pain
To be reasonably satisfied or content
19. ABC Theory of Personality
G - Goals, both fundamental and primary
A – Adversities or activating events in person’s life
B – Beliefs both rational and irrational
C – Consequences both emotional and behavioural
D – Disputing irrational beliefs
E – Effective new philosophy in life
21. Process of Therapy
REBT is focused on therapists adopting an educational
approach to teaching clients how to strengthen their
rational beliefs and weaken the irrational ones.
23. Fundamental Goals
The goals of the clients in therapy
Goals reflecting the human potential for growth.
24. Therapeutic Goals
Openness to experience
Rationality
Personal Responsibility
Self- regards
Capacity for good personal relationship
Ethical living
25. Process of Therapy
The process of person-centered therapy is built on
basic trust of the client’s ability, within a growth-
promoting climate, to actualize her/his human
potential.
27. Fundamental Needs
The need to Survive (Physiological)
The need for love and belongings
The need for power
The need for freedom
The need for fun.
28. Five Basic Needs
The need to Survive (Physiological)
The need for love and belongings
The need for power
The need for freedom
The need for fun.
29. Therapeutic Goals
Emphasize choice and responsibility
Letting the client understand the vital ole of his
responsibility.
30. Process of Therapy
W Ask clients what they want
D As clients what they are doing and their overall direction
E Ask clients to conduct a searching self-evaluation
P Ask clients to make plans to fulfill their needs more
effectively