Committees and Commissions’ in Teacher Education

Committees and Commissions’ in Teacher
Education
Department of Education,
Manonmaniam Sundaranar University,
Tirunelveli.

Prof. K. Pitchumani, M.sc., Ph.D., D.sc.,
Hon’ble Vice – Chancellor,
Tirunelveli ,
Tamilnadu.
Department of Education, Manonmaniam
Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, T.N

Prof. B. William Dharma Raja,
Dean Faculty of Arts,
Head,
Tirunelveli,
Tamilnadu.

Webinar on
Committees and Commissions in
Teacher Education
Mr. S. Lenin,
Assistant Professor,
Tirunelveli.Department of Education, Manonmaniam

National Policy of Education:
NPE – 1992
 Announced on 20th Dec – 1992
 Formulated with consultation of teachers,
parents, scholars, lawyers,
journalist,students and representatives
of Public

Features
 Emphasize Women Education
 Making curricula to satisfy the needs of the learner
 Creating competitiveness in society to meet the challenges of 21st
Century
 Opening non – formal education to non – government employees
 Achieving 100% literacyDepartment of Education, Manonmaniam

 Introduction of compulsory social service for
students
 Open up avenues for the participation of private
sector in education development
 Promotion of Islamic, social, political, economic,
and ethical order in society through education
 Raising the literacy ratios, through adult education
 Eliminating drop outs

National Curriculum Framework:
NCF - 2005
Chairman – Prof. Yash Pal
Assisted by 21 focus groups

Guiding principles
 Connecting knowledge to outside world
 Shifting focus from rote learning
 Enriching curriculum beyond textbook
 Making evaluation more flexible
 Nurturing and overriding identity informed by caring concerns with
the democratic polity of the countryDepartment of Education, Manonmaniam

Learning and knowledge
Learners in context
Holistic curriculum
Use inherent motivation
Use variety, ways and means to teach as they learn in
variety of ways

 Interactions are the most effective tool of learning
 Involve critical pedagogy in teaching
 Associate school knowledge with community
knowledge
 Associate child knowledge with local knowledge

Curricular Areas:
 Language – 3 language formula, mathematics,
computer science, science, social science, art
education, health and physical education, work
education, education for peace

Exam reforms
 No board exam before 10th &12th
 Replace pass, fail terminology with
reappear, retake re-examination
 Re-examination at the earliest to save
an year

 Flexible time limit
 Question banks and open book exams
 Transparency in evaluation and re-
evaluation

KOTHARI COMMISSION
 1964 – 66
 It was a significant event in the history of education in free India
 Chairman – Dr. D.S. Kothari
 It is the 3rd commission in post independent India
 Report was entitled ‘Education and National development’

Features of Kothari Commission
 Tried to cover every field and aspect of entire
educational system
 Firm belief that education is the most powerful
instrument of national development

Aims of Kothari Commission
 Education and Productivity
 Social and National integration
-NSS, NCC, literature, philosophy,
history, etc
 Education and Modernization
 Development of democracy
 Social and Spiritual valuesDepartment of Education, Manonmaniam

Educational Structure
 General education – 4 yrs of lower primary + 3 yrs of higher primary + 3
yrs of lower secondary education
 Prior to general education – pre-primary education should be given
 Higher secondary education should be for 2 yrs
 Graduate course should be for 3 yrs
 Post graduate course should be for 3 yrs

Status of Teachers
 Scale of pay for govt. and non-
govt. Schools should be the same
 Necessary to improve the
economic, social and
professional status of the
teachers

Curriculum
Lower primary:
 One language, mathematics, environmental studies, creative
activities, health education, etc
Higher primary:
 Two language, mathematics, science, social studies, art,
physical education, spiritual values, etc

Lower secondary:
 Three languages, mathematics, science, art, physical education,
history, civics, geography, etc
Higher secondary:
 Any two languages, any three subjects from – history, geography,
economics, psychology, art, physics, chemistry, mathematics, biology,
etc Department of Education, Manonmaniam

Merits of Kothari Commission
 Master piece of work on all aspects of Indian
education
 Presented a comprehensive study of educational
problems in the context of national needs
 Recommended reasonable and respectable scales
of pay to all categories of teachers

Demerits of Kothari Commission
 Position of heads of schools was left
undecided by the commission
 Views on medium of instruction was
conflicting and controversial

Action of Government
It was on the basis of the
report that the New
Education Policy was
declared in 1968.

National Policy of Education:
NPE – 1986
Approved by Parliament in May, 1986.

Salient Features
 10+2+3 structure
 National curricular frameworks with a common core including
 History of India's freedom movement
 Constitutional obligations
 Minimum levels of learning
 Priorities to educational reforms

Goals
 Education for all
 Scientific and technological
development
 To improve science education in
schools
 Promote rural technology

Development of scientific temper
Acquaints students and teachers with
range of computer applications

Social and Cultural Development
 Promote values of national integration, secularism
 Development appreciation of the achievement of our national leaders
 To provide development of Indian languages
– Human resource development
– Equalization of opportunities
Tribes, scheduled caste, backward classes, handicapped, women,
adult education

Objectives of NPE - 1986
 Prepare to face the 21st Century
 Education irrespective of caste, creed, sex, etc
 To motivate younger generation for international co-operation and
peaceful co-existence
 To provide opportunities to the youth, housewives and industrial
workers, etc

Merits of NPE - 1986
 Nationwide debate was conducted for the
formulation of policy
 The programme of action was checked
 Equality of education opportunities
 Policy believes in decentralization
 Emphasizes recruitment of teachers on merit basis

Demerits of NPE - 1986
 No place for basic education
 Multiplication of authorities
 Silence over commercialization

Secondary Education
Commission

Secondary Education Commission
 Mudaliar commission
 1952-53
 Comprised of
Chairman – Dr. A. Lakshmana Mudaliar

Government of India appointed secondary education
commission on 23 September, 1952
Was introduced
-To enquire into the present position of secondary
education in India

Defects identified are
 Secondary education is bookish, monotonous and stereotyped
 Not suitable to all types of students
 Not related to life
 Does not develop the all round personality of the students
 Defective teaching methods and more stress on exams

 It is one-sided and prepares students for exams only
 No vocational education
 Rigid time table- does not provide opportunity for self-
expression
 Compulsory English language is torturing the weak students
 No provision for sports and physical training

Aims of Secondary Education
 Development of democratic citizenship
 Initiation into art of living
 Development of personality
 Education for leadership

 Secondary education should be of 7 years
 Should be for children of 11 to 17 years
 Commission divided secondary education into two parts junior
secondary education and senior secondary education

 Public schools should be reconstructed as secondary schools after 5
years
 Girls schools should be opened in the areas where required
 Productive works should be given importance
 Should include practical knowledge along with theoretical
knowledge

 Multipurpose schools should be established
to take care of various abilities of students
 Technical education institutions should be
opened near factories

Languages
Hindi has been taken as national
language
English is compulsory for secondary
level

Medium of instruction
Mother tongue/regional language
Text books
More than one book for a subject
A committee for selection and reforms should be there

Teaching methods:
Should be activity based
More stress on experiment or demonstration methods
Place of library in school:
Should be made the most attractive place for students
Trained librarians should be there

Physical welfare of students
School medical service, health check up,
balanced diet in hostels and residential
schools
Physical education training centre should
be there

Co-curricular activities:
 Should be encouraged and extra-curricular activities should be
included
 NCC, scout, camps should be encouraged
Examination and Evaluation:
 One public exam
 Questions should be based on full syllabus

Merits of Secondary Education
 Activity based education
 Stress on agricultural education
 Child- centered education
 Improvement in teacher’s salary and
position
 Co-curricular activities

Demerits of Secondary Education
 Suggestions are given in haste, so problems are still there
 No suggestion regarding women education
 Still stress in English
 No new statement regarding the improvement of social and
economic conditions of teachers

National Knowledge Commission
Objective:
 Transforming India into a knowledge society
 Constituted on 13th June, 2005
 8 members committee
 Chairman-Mr. Sam Pitroda

Focus areas:
1) Access to knowledge
2) Knowledge concepts
Largely youthful population should be nurtured with
skills and intellectual capacities

3) Knowledge creation
4) Knowledge application
 Applying in the field of agriculture, industry, health, education, etc
5) Knowledge services
 E- governance can change the way in which the citizens interact with
the government

NKC is concerned with
 Literacy: To make the 100 million illiterate
children as literates
 Elementary education: To be given with high
quality to all
 Secondary education: Strenuous efforts to be taken
to provide quality secondary education

Higher Education:
 Finding curricula, private sector participation,
academic standards and research are all issues that
need urgent attention
Professional education:
 Needs to be supported creatively
Vocational education:
 Dynamic system to train technicians is needed

Distance Education
Continuous learning:
NKC has identified some areas where knowledge
applications will benefit more: They are
1) Education
2) Agriculture
3) Rural and small scale industries
4) Traditional knowledge in the field of health,
arts and culture

Benefits of e-Governance:
Reducing cost of improving the reach
and quality of public services
Empowering citizens and increasing
transparency of government functions

Conclusion:
• Foreign educational institutions to be
allowed, incentives for quality
institutions and disincentives to sub-
standard institutions to be given.

Yashpal Committee
Report (2009)

Yash Pal Committee Report (2009)
-
 This report is also called as ‘ Report on Higher Education’
 Chairman-Dr. Yash Pal
 Constituted for examining reforms to be brought about in higher
education in India
 To advise on renovation and rejuvenation in higher education

Recommendations of
Yash Pal Committee Report (2009)
 Deemed university status should be abandoned
 Deserving deemed universities to be converted to full-fledged universities
 Bodies like NCTE, AICTE, UGC and others to be replaced by a Commission for
Higher Education and Research (CHER) a seven-member body
 This new regulator must be free from political pressures

 Position of the chairperson of CHER should
be parallel to election commissioners
 Universities must take up all the academic
responsibilities
 IIT’s and IIM’s should be encouraged to
work as full-fledged universities

The Justice Verma Committee’s
Report

The Justice Verma Committee’s Report
 Dec, 23,2012-A 3 member committee headed by Justice J.S. Verma
was constituted
 Recommend commandments to the criminal Law, to provide quicker
trial and enhanced punishment for criminals accused of committing
sexual assault against women

Report possess 14 chapters
 Constitutionalism, Republicanism and gender
equality
 Gender justice and India's obligations under
international conventions
 Rape and sexual assault
 Sexual harassment at workplace

 Other offences against women-acid attacks, eve-teasing, etc
 Trafficking of women and children
 Child sexual abuse
 Police reforms
 Electoral reforms

 Knap Panchayats and honour killings
 Sentencing of punishment
 Provision of adequate safety measures and
communities
 Medico-legal examination of the victim
 Education and perception reforms

National Curriculum Framework for
Teacher Education:
NCFTE-2009

National Curriculum Framework for Teacher
Education: NCFTE-2009.
 It is an attempt to improve teacher education in India and to prepare
ideal, innovative, humane and affectionate teachers
 Initial draft of NCFTE-2009 was developed by a committee of
experts, including Prof. V.K. Sabharwal, Prof. C. Seshadri, etc

Chapters
 Context, concerns and vision of teacher education
 Curricular areas of initial teacher preparation.
 Transacting, the curriculum and evaluating the developing teacher.
 Continuing professional development and support for in-service teachers.
 Preparing teacher educators
 Implementation strategies.

Recommendations of NCFTE-2009
 International senior on pre-service elementary teacher education 2-
4 Feb, 2010 at NCERT, New Delhi
 Build networks among institutes, schools and resource institutes
 Make pre-service teacher preparation part of higher education
system. It should be a degree and not a certificate/diploma

 Work upon NCFTE which promotes teacher as the enabler of a positive
learning environment rather than source of all knowledge
 2 year M.Ed Elementary programme
 B.Ed programmes have weak theory and practical components, so its
duration to be enhanced to 2 years
 School internship to be increased to 6 months

 Current M.A/M.Sc programmes extended to
include pedagogy courses and school
experience component
 Teacher of the schools need to be trained in the
concept of effective reporting
 Teacher education curriculum to be upgraded

National Commission Of
Teachers

Recommendations of
National Commission Of Teachers
 B. Ed programme to be extended by two years having 220 working
days.
 School teachers have to bring about revolution in their approach to
teaching.
 Revision and improvement of teacher education curricula.
 Use of ICT should be promoted in teacher preparation programmes.

 The programmes should prepare teacher trainees to be
creative, sensitive, reflective and critically aware of socio
economic and political reality
 Rigorous internship needs to be given
 Provision for mutual feedback among teachers should be there

 Teachers should be enriched with scientific
attitude
 Prospective teachers need courses which will
help them to build up a proper perspective of
life
 Teacher education programmes to be reoriented
with rich subject knowledge

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