Short description on qualitative analysis types, with example

1. Qualitative Data Analysis
Upendra Raj Dhakal
Lecturer: Valley College of Technical Sciences
urdhakal@gmail.com

2. Common Types of Data Analysis
• Based on nature and objectives, there are six common methods of
qualitative data analysis technique
• Thematic Analysis
• Content Analysis
• Grounded Analysis
• Discourse Analysis
• Narrative Analysis
• Phenomenology/Heuristic Analysis
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3. Thematic Analysis and steps
• Commonly used and foundation
method for qualitative data analysis
• We use it to show clear picture of
theme
• Eg:
Familiarizing
with data
• Frequent reading
Generate
initial codes
• Inducting codes
Organization
of codes
• Based on similarity
Organization
of codes
• Searching for themes
Organization
of codes
• Reviewing themes
Organization
of codes
• Defining and naming themes
Codes
Active
Willing
Accountable
Responsible
Motivated
Themes
Individual participation
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4. Content Analysis and steps
• This method determines the apparent of certain words or concepts within the
text
• Than it emerges categories or themes based on selection of words inductively
• Frequency of words, patterns, sequence of occurrence of those words
• Eg: Study about students needs, University’s Facebook page content analysis
Initial Codes Counts/Occurrence Themes
Social interaction 201
Non Academic needs
Financial issues 45
Meet ups 11
Swimming pool 12
Access to journals and books 109 Academic needs
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5. Confusion between TA and CA
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6. Grounded analysis and steps
• It is aka constant comparison analysis
• It is very deep and detailed
• Here we don’t start with definite point, we allow data to speak as its
purpose is to formulate theory or a framework
• We conduct different interviews, write detailed diaries and field
notes/memos, documents, pictures and compare codes and do initial
coding
• After initial coding we see consistencies and differences between sources
• Than, we find important events, persons, important situations to emerge
themes
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7. Discourse Analysis
• This sees the linguistic analysis of flow of communication
• This also takes into account, the social context where communition
occurs
• It is more focused in grammar, sounds, parts of words and their
meaning
• eg: Women like both, to give and get compliments. In some culture,
accepting gifts means accepting the proposal, however in other
cultures accepting gifts simply means complementing someone
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8. Narrative Analysis
• This analysis examines how participants construct their stories, based
on personal experiences.
• It includes: personal story, entire life story, significant events and
situations
• We identify non verbal expressions: pauses, filler – words, and all non
verbal signs and gestures
• It includes:
Ending of
story
Outcome of
story
Storyteller’s
reflection
Sequence of
events
Orientation
time, place
characters
Abstract of
story
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9. Phenomenology/Heuristic Analysis
• Focuses on how human experience or view the world
• This method emphasizes out on bracketing out (excluding)
researchers own role and only focusing on participants experiences.
• Eg: If we want to investigate teaching experience from teachers point
of view, and build analysis on their personal experiences, than it
would be Heuristic Analysis
Feedback welcomed (Draft version 1.1) 9

10. Thank You
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