Photoelectron spectroscopy

1. E.M.G. YADAVA WOMEN’S COLLEGE, MADURAI-14
(AN AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTION – AFFILIATED TO MADURAI KAMARAJ UNIVERSITY)
RE-ACCREDITED (3RD CYCLE) WITH GRADE A+ AND CGPA 3.51 BY NAAC
SPECTROSCOPY
MISS T.AARTHY
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
E.M.G YADAVA WOMENS COLLEGE, MADURAI

2. SPECTROSCOPY
PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY
INSTRUMENTATION:
• A Photoelectron spectrometer requires four components,
1. Source
2. Sample chamber
3. Electron energy analyser
4. Dectector.

3. SOURCE

4. SOURCE
• A suitable source of electromagnetic radiation of high intensity.
• Uv source: 58.4 mm( 21.21ev) of He-1 or30.9nm(40.81ev) line of He -2 .threelines are~0.1ev.
• X ray source consists of twin anode of aluminium and magnesium.
• Al Kα (0.834nm,148.6ev),Mg kα (0.989nm,1253.6ev).
• Monochromated using quartz crystal.
• Large line width of xray source can be reduced by using monochromated..
• The resolving power of the instrument decreases as the line width of the source increases solved by
using synchrotron radiation.

5. SAMPLE CHAMPER
• A Sample champer to hold the sample in required physical state.
• Diagram of photoelectron spectrometer,

6. ELECTRON ENERGY ANALYZER

7. In Electron energy analyzer Different types are available .All of them are
electrostatic and magnetic types. Analyzer is to filter electron energies
Lens system to collect photoelectrons
The analyzer must be shielded from the earth magnetic field to avoid it’s
effect on the motion of electron.
Shielding of electrostatic analyser is easier than that of magnetic analyser.
When photo electrons are emitted they should reach The detector without
being scattered by gas molecules
Detector: is used to count the electrons.

8. Experimental setup: the excitation source and the sample should be kept
under clean conditions.
Hence experimental champer is usually made up of stainless steel and
equipped with the source , sample manipulator and arrangement for the
detection of photo electrons.
Amplifier and recorder: The photoelectron signal is amplified and fed in to a
recorder or the data is stored in a computer.
 The whole system except recording system is kept in ultra high vacuum.
Ultra high vacuum keeps surface clean, preventing the contamination to
produce x-ray singnal.

9. REFERENCE
• ARULDHAS G., MOLECULAR STRUCTURE AND SPECTROSCOPY, PRIENTICE HALL INDIA LEARING PRIVATE
LIMITED, NEW DELHI, SECOND EDITION,2011
• https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-
chemistry-beta/x2eef969c74e0d802:atomic-structure-and-
properties/x2eef969c74e0d802:photoelectron-spectroscopy/a/photoelectron-
spectroscopy&ved=2ahUKEwiStLul_9LwAhUIzzgGHcaAAuIQFjAXegQIQRAC&usg=AOvVaw30TmQ3-
vJ69yFAJkVZh4zn&cshid=1621332879645
• http://subato.blogspot.com/2011/05/material-surface-analysis-with-x-ray.html

10. THANK YOU